英语四级作文备考课件

四级备考—写作大学英语四级作文评分标准历年真题、写作原则及方法起承转合写作技巧常见错误实战练习理论篇写作部分要求考生用英语进行短文写作，思想表达准确、意义连贯、无重大语法错误。重点考察的技能:A思想表达B篇章组织C语言运用D写作格式篇章组织4.围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述，突出重点5.连贯地组句成段，组段成篇语言运用6.运用恰当的词汇7.运用正确的语法8.运用合适的句子结构9.使用正确的标点符号10.运用衔接手段表达句间关系(如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等)写作格式11.运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式2分：条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。5分：基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。8分：基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯;语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。11分：切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。14分：切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺、连贯，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。(注：白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给0分。)字数不足应酌情扣分。各分数段范文ABriefIntroductiontoaTouristAttractionIfeelitagreathonortobeyourtourguidetoday.First,onbehalfofmycompany,IwarmlywelcomeallmydistinguishedguestsfromAustraliatovisitShanghaiandtheOrientalPearlTVTower.LocatedontheHuangpuRiver,theOrientalPearlTVTowerisnowthesymbolofthecity.Builtin1994andopenedtothepublicin1995,itisnowthehighestbuildinginShanghaiandthethirdhighestinAsia.TheTowerhasaquiteuniquestructureandconsistsof3largeballsand5smallballs.Insidetheballs,youcanhaveabird’seyeviewofthecity.OurscheduleforthetriptotheTVTowerisasfollows:youhaveanhourfrom9:30-10:30amtoexperiencethehistoryofShanghaionthefirstfloor.Thenwe’llassembleinthemiddleofthehallat10:30andhaveanotherhourtooverlookatthebeautifulcitysceneriesinthemiddleball.Finallypleasedoremembertogotothetopballat11:30toenjoyyourlunch.Thanksforlistening.Haveagoodtime!(14/184)ABriefIntroductiontoaTouristAttractionWelcometothisbeautifulcity–Hangzhou.I’mveryhonoredtobeyourtourguidetoshowyouthemostcharmingsceneryofthecity.I’msureyouwillneverforgetthewonderfulvisitIwillleadyouto.Now,I’mgoingtogiveyoutheintroductionoftoday’sschedule.Inthemorning,wewillvisittheLingyinTemple.It’soneofthemostfamoustempleinChinabecauseofitslonghistoryandgoodlocation.Aftervisitingthetemple,weplantohavelunchattherestaurantneartheWestLake.There,youwillhavetherealtraditionalChinesefoodandenjoythelandscapeofWestLake.Intheafternoon,wewillgotoLeifengTowerwhichhasanromanticChineselovestorywhichIwilltellyouduringthevisiting.Afterdinner,Iwillshowyouthemostwell-knownscenery-WestLake.Youcanboatinginthelakeandenjoythebeautifulviews.Whatdoyouthinkoftheplan?Ifyouhavesomeadvise,pleasetellme.Iwillarrangeitandgiveyouamostcomfortabletrip.(11/179)ABriefIntroductiontoaTouristAttractionHello!Everybody.Welcometohere!TodayI’myour’sguide.Ibelievewewillhaveagoodtrip.WewillgototheAnJi.AnJiisverybeautifulcityinZheJiang.Ithinkyouwillbeintrestinit.Theday’splanissomuch.First,WewillgototheZhuZhongYuanat8:00am.TherehavesomuchandvaryofZhuZi.At11:30am,Wewilleatinglunch.Andattheafternoon,WewillgototheCanglongBaiPu.At1:00pminthemountain,ariverstillaroundit.Theriversoclearandcold.Wecanseesomesmallfishintheriver.Walkalongthestoneroad.Wewillbeseeingtheviewbesideofthebacktohotel.Later,Youcaneatingthedinnerinthehotel.Thisistheplanoftoday.Now,Areyouhavesomequestions?Ifhavethenaskedme,AndIwillgiveyouaperfectanswer!SoIhopeandbelievethatWewillhaveagoodtrip.(5/173)ABriefIntroductiontoaTouristAttractionI’mverygladtoyourcometoShanghai,Welcome.wearevisitJinMaoBuildingtoday.JinMaoBuildingstandLujiazuiFinanentTrade,inPuDong.TheshoppingandeatingallaboveinLujazuiFinanentTrade.ZhengDaGuangChang,doFangMingZhuetc.JinMaoBuildingis800miller-higher,JinMaoKaiYueHotelinit.It’sthehighestforBuildinginShanghai.At88stairs,WecanlookallofShanghai,JinMaoBuildingissteelaboveall,glassabovewith.It’sveryclearintheSuny.Somebusinessofficeinhere,soit’sthefamousFinanentTradeinShanghai.WearevisitingJinMaoBuildingcanintroducepeople’slivinginShanghai.I’mwishyourvisithappytoday.(2/121)返回历年真题2010/6DueAttentionShouldBeGiventoSpelling

1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写

2.出现这种情况的原因

3.这种现象导致的结果2009/6Freeadmissiontomuseums越来越多的博物馆免费开放的目的是什么?也会带来一些问题你的看法2008/12DisposablePlasticBags

1.一次性塑料袋的使用

2.使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题

3.限制使用一次性塑料袋的意义2008/6Recreationalactivity

1.娱乐活动多种多样

2.娱乐也可能有危害性

3.作为大学生，我的看法。2007/6Anintroductiontoaclub1、本社团的主要活动内容2、参加本社团的好处3、如何加入本社团2006/12theCCTVSpringFestivalGala1.许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春节晚会2.但有些人提出取消春节晚会。3.我的看法。2006/6Anannouncementforavoluntaryprogram1、校学生会组织一次暑假志愿活动现招聘志愿者2、本次志愿者活动的目的、内容及安排3、报名条件和联系方式10=2+88=(议论文,记叙文,说明文,etc.)2=(应用文)写作的原则抛开各类文体作文的写作技巧等理论不说,单就实用的原则来看，写四级作文应注意的主要方面有五:1.切题2.干净3.减少错误4.开门见山5.闪光点。减少错误Playsafe(求稳,小心行事)开门见山Example:GoodHealth①Importanceofgoodhealth②Waystokeepfit.③Myownpractices.Withtherapiddevelopmentofoureconomy，withtheimprovementofourlivingstandard，withmoreandmorepeople’srealizationoftheimportanceofgoodhealth，nowpeopleareattachinggreaterimportancetotheirhealth.(X)闪光点单词、句子结构、语法、词组,或是具体的事例等,都可称得上是一篇作文的闪光点.写作过程①审题并列出提纲（约5分钟）

②开始写:（1）切题（2）干净（3）少犯错误（4）开门见山（5）闪光点（约20分钟）

③交卷前检查（1）拼写错误（2）语法错误等（约5分钟)

返回实战篇确定文章的段落结构一般来说，一篇完整的四级应试作文应该包括三个部分:开头(起)、中间(承、转)、结尾(合)WillE-booksreplacetraditionalbooks?1).随着信息技术的发展，电子图书越来越多2).有人认为电子图书会取代传统图书，理由是……3).我的看法Para.1：Phenomenon:ubiquitousE-booksnowadays/E-booksbecomemorepopularReasons:thedevelopmentofinformationtechnology(IT)Examples:E-products/e-basedproducts—e-mails,e-tickets,e-tests,e-booksetc.Para.2：Somepersons’view:E-bookswillreplacetraditionalbooks.Reasons:advantagesofE-books;disadvantagesoftraditionalbooksExamples:readonlinewithoutpayment;immediatereadingnewlyheadlineinformationPara.3：(possibleversion1)Myview:agreeReasons:advantagesofE-books;(convenientandaccessible;easilystoringandplace-saving;easy-reading;environmentprotection)Examples:bamboo-basedbooksreplacedbypaper-basedbooks(possibleversion2)Myview:disagreeReasons:advantagesoftraditionalbooksExamples:readingtraditionalbooksisgoodforeyes/healthy(possibleversion3)Myview:(neithertotallyagreenortotallydisagree)coexistReasons:bothhasitsadvantagesofexistingExamples:youngpeoplelikeE-books,whiletheoldliketraditionalbooks;coexistingofcameraandpainting起承转合句型或词组多样化句型连接词起Whenaskedabout/Whenitcomesto/Facedwith…,somepeopleclaim/think/argue/believethat…,but/whileothers…(differently)Nowadaysthereismuch/generaldiscussionasto….Withthedevelopment/improvement/growthof…,Now,itiscommonly/widely/increasinglybelieved/thought/held/acknowledgethat…,Accordingtoarecentsurvey/investigation/poll,…Arecentstatisticsshowsthat…Haveyoueverthought/wondered…?Suppose…Aproverbsays,…Aseveryoneknows,….Aproverbsays......Atpresent.......Astheproverbsays....Currently.....Generallyspeaking,....Now,....Ingeneral,.....OntheWhole....Itisclearthat....Recently.....Itisoftensaidthat....Withoutdoubt,.......承Thosewhohold….Itistruethat…Tobesure……First/Firstly…Themain/leading/underlying/root/primary/chief/essential….First(ofall),......Moreover,.........Firstly,............Noonecandenythat....Inthefirstplace,.........Obviously.....Tobeginwith,.........Ofcourse,.........Also,.......Similarly,.........Atthesametime......Therefore,weshouldrealizethat.....Certainly......Thereisnodoubtthat.......Inaddition,.....What’smore,..........Infact........Itcanbeeasilyprovedthat...Meanwhile......转Itsoundslikeagood/attractiveidea(suggestion),buttheyfailtounderstand/see/notice….Thereisprobablyanelementoftruthinthearguments(ideas),buttheyignoreamoreimportant(basic)fact…Closerexamination/analysis,however,suggests/showsthatthisargument(claim,idea)maynotbesupportedbythefollowingevidence(facts,examples,statistics).Close(careful)examination(analysis)ofthesearguments(ideas,suggestions),however,wouldreveal(suggest,prove)howflimsy(不足信的，不严密)(fallacious（靠不住的）,groundless（没有根据的）)theyare.Howeverlogical(sound,forcible(有说服力))theseargumentsmaybe,theydon'tmakesense(onlyskimthesurfaceoftheproblem)when…isviewedtheotherway(takenintoconsideration).Asopposedto(Contraryto)thewidely(commonly,generally)heldidea(belief,view),newstudies(facts)challenge(failtojustify)theopinion(view).Good/Superior/Wonderfulas….,ithasitsowndisadvantages/itbringsitsownproblems.Theymayberightabout…,buttheyseemtoneglect/failtomention/takeintoaccount…Inallthediscussionanddebateover…,oneimportant/basicfactisignored/overlooked/neglected.Itistruethat/Admittedly,butitisunlikely/itdoesn'tfollow/itdoesn'tmeanthat…Thereisanelementoftruthinthesearguments/statements,buttheyignoreadeeperandmorebasic/essential/importantfact/factor…Inmanycases,however,…Asfaras……isconcerned,…But...Still,......Buttheproblemisnotsosimple...Thereisacertainamountoftruthinthis,butwestillhaveaproblemwithregardto.......However,.......Tooursurprise,..........Nevertheless,........Unfortunately.......Ontheotherhand,.......YetdifferencewillbefoundandthatiswhyIfeelthat........Othersmayfindthistobetrue,butIdonot.Ithink.....合Experience/Evidence/Allthefactssuggest/show/demonstrate/indicatethat…Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove/Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemaysafelydraw/reach/cometo/arrive/theconclusionthat…Inconclusion/Tosumup/Insummary/Inshort/Toconclude….Itisimportant/necessary/essentialthateffective/proper/powerfulactions/measure/remediesshouldbetakento…Aboveall,Inbrief,........Accordingly,.....Inconclusion,........Allinall,.......Inotherwords,itishardtoescapetheconclusionthat........Asaconsequence,.........Inshort,.........AsIhaveshown/said/stated/....Insum,........Insummary,.......Ashasbeennoted,....Obviously,.........Bysodoing,.....Onthewhole,.....Consequently,........Presumably,.......Eventually,.........Toconclude,......Finally,........Tosumup,.....Inaword,......Tosummarize,........

返回1)定语从句(限定性和非限定性)TherearemanyreasonswhyIwanttostudyinyouruniversity.Itisestimatedthattensofbillionsofyuanisspentoncigaretteseveryyearinourcountry,whichisahugewaste.2)状语从句(时间，原因，地点，条件，让步等)Whenthemanisenjoyingthecigarette,thesmokebecomesamonster(怪物)whichwilldevourhim.Whateverthereason,therearestillsomeproblemswithstudentuseofcomputers.3)分词短语做定语或状语Mr.Kangcametoouruniversity,givingusalectureonhowtopreparefortheCETBand-4.多样化句式4)强调句Itwashimwhogaveupmuchhopeforthefuture.5)倒装句Onlythroughthesemeasurescanwehopetosolvetheproblem.6)省略句Ifso,wehavetogiveitup.Ifnecessary...Whateverthereason...7)What句型Wetotallyagreewithwhatyouhavejustsaid.8)设问句Doyoustillremembertheboywhocriedwolfforseveraltimessonoonewouldtrusthim?返回连接词（1）表选择关系或对等关系的连接词：either…or…，neither…nor,or,aswellas…,and,both…and…。（2）表因果关系或对等关系的连接词：therefore,so,asaresult,astheresultof…，becauseof,dueto…,owingto,thanksto等。（3）表时间顺序的连接词：themoment,assoonas,atfirst,then,later,meanwhile,atthebeginning,intheend,beforelong,forthefirst（second…）time,theminute等。（4）表转折关系的连接词：yet,andyet,but,while,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,however,atthesametime（然而）等。（5）表解释说明的连接词：thatis,thatistosay,inotherwords,suchas,forinstance,andsoon,etc.andthelike等。（6）表递进关系的连接词：notonly…but(also),what，smore,what'sworse,besides,inaddition,worsestill,moreover,aboveall等。（7）表示总结的连接词：inaword,onthewhole,inshort,briefly,inbrief,tosumup,inall等。返回写作技巧佳词妙句三十例佳词妙句三十例1.individuals,characters,folks替换(people,persons)2:positive,favorable,rosy(美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding,superior替换good3:dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse,ill(有害的)替换bad如果bad做表语，可以有belessimpressive替换4.(anarmyof,anoceanof,aseaof,amultitudeof,ahostof,many,ifnotmost)替换many.5:asliceof,quietafew,several替换some6:harbortheideathat,taketheattitudethat,holdtheviewthat,itiswidelysharedthat,itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat)替think(因为是书面语，所以要加that)7:affair,business,matter替换thing8:shared代common9.reaphugefruits替换getmanybenefits)10:formypart,frommyownperspective替换inmyopinion11:Increasing(ly),growing替换moreandmore(注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.12.littleifanything,或littleornothing替换hardly13..beneficial,rewarding替换helpful,14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser,替换customer15.exceedingly,extremely,intensely替换very16.hardlynecessary,hardlyinevitable...替换unnecessary,avoidable17.sthappealstosb,sthexertsatremendousfascinationonsb替换sbtakeinterestin/sb.beinterestedin18.captureone'sattention替换attractone'sattention.19.facet,demension,sphere代aspect20.beindicativeof,besuggestiveof,befearfulof代indicate,suggest,fear21.giveriseto,leadto,resultin,trigger替换cause.22.Thereareseveralreasonsbehindsth替换..reasonsforsth23.desire替换want.24.pourattentioninto替换payattentionto25.bearinmindthat替换remember26.enjoy,possess替换have(注意process是过程的意思)27.interaction替换communication28.frownonsth替换beagainst,disagreewithsth29.tonameonlyafew,asanexample替换forexample,forinstance30.nextto/virtuallyimpossible,替换nearly/almostimpossible返回常见错误一、灵活使用“Therebe”结构。【考生病句】1.Therearemanypeopleliketogotothemovies.2.Therearedifferentkindsofvegetablescanbeboughtonthemarketbypeople.【正确表达】1．Therearemanypeoplewholiketogotothemovies.2．Therearedifferentkindsofvegetablesthatpeoplecanbuyonthemarket.二、准确使用比较结构。【考生病句】1．Comparingwiththebike,thecarrunsmuchfaster.2．TheclimateinWaltoniscolderthanothercities.【正确表达】1．Comparedwiththebike,thecarrunsmuchfaster.2．TheclimateinWaltoniscolderthanthatofothercities.三、表达原因结构【考生病句】1．Therealreasontoourfailureisnotfartoseek.2．Thereasonforthisisbecausehewantstoearnplentyofmoneywithoutworkinghard.【正确表达】1．Therealreasonforourfailureisnotfartoseek.2．Thereasonforthisisthathewantstoearnplentyofmoneywithoutworkinghard.四、否定结构【考生病句】1.Somepeoplethinkweneedn'ttoworryaboutfreshwater.2.Nowadaysmanypeopledon'tliketogotothemovies,too.【正确表达】1.Somepeoplethinkweneedn'tworry(或don'tneedtoworry)aboutfreshwater.2.Nowadaysmanypeopledon‘tliketogotothemovies,either.返回改错练习1.Inourcountryfeelsveryfree.2.Richdoesn’tensureahappylife.3.Nowpeople’slivescan’tleaveTV.4.Povertymakesmanypeoplecan’tstudyabroad.5.Somepeoplefirmlyagree,butothersagainstit.6.Iuseadiskbe