自动化专业英语-2课件

专业英语（2）自动化专业第二讲

IntroductiontoDCMachines

准备课文后的单词（8min）补充词汇DCMachine=DCMotorshuntv.

n.steadystaten.series

n.a.dynamicstate

n.parallel

vt.

n.a.excited

a.torquen.补充词汇versatility

n.

centerlinen.

versatile

a.stationarya.volt-ampere

n.substitution

n.stator

n.ripple

vt.vi.n.symmetrical

a.concentrateda.i.e.=thatism.m.f.=magnetomotiveforceOperationalAmplifiers

读课文8min

分析课文补充介绍：

英文论文的标题与摘要

重点突出言简意赅一般10个单词不超过16个单词副标题标点符号

标题的长度

标题的书写特征

第一个词及所有实词首字母大写

虚词小写ReviewandProspectofComputerControlSystemforAluminumSmeltersinChina标题的书写特征（续）第一个词首字母大写其余均小写Ondesignandrealizationofthedatabaseinthelocomotivecircuitdetector标题的书写特征（续）

所有字母全大写REVIEWANDPROSPECTOFCOMPUTERCONTROLSYSTEMFORALUMIUMSMELTERSINCHINA标题的语言特征及翻译

标题的常用句式

短语不是整句动名词、名词短语、介词短语带疑问词的动词不定式“基于……”，“……的设计”，“……的研究”，“……的方法”，“……的应用”，“……的思考”

举例

DesignofaSimpleWirelessPoweringSystem

简易无线电供电系统的设计

AnImprovedAllDigitalPhase-lockedLoopDesign

一种改进的全数字锁相环设计

ChaoticSignalDenoisingBasedonThresholdSelectionofWaveletTransform基于小波变换阈值决策的混沌信号去噪研究

OntheMisconceptionsinTranslationStudiesandTheoriesinourcountry国内翻译界在翻译研究和翻译理论认识上的误区标题的修饰语

带有前置或后置修饰语

冠词、代词、形容词、名词、分词、介词短语冠词不定冠词省略

DistributedandCooperativeControlforUrbanRoadNetworkTraffic

城市路网交通分散协调控制

ABothMatchedDynamicSchedulingAlgorithm

一种双匹配动态调度算法

标题的专业术语词

认真选择准确翻译科技论文摘要的特征及翻译

Thedirecttorquecontrolschemesofthepermanentmagnetsynchronousmotor(DTC-PMSM)aresimplyintroducedinthepaper.Andthepopularschemeisanalyzeddetailedly.Also,mostimprovedandresearchedtechniques,includingmotorspeedidentificationandadvancedcontrolalgorithmusedinDTC-PMSM,areintroducedandanalyzedrecently.ThefuturetrendoftheDTC-PMSMisalsogivenatlast.

科技论文摘要的分类

及内容特征

3类：

报道摘要（信息型摘要）

purposemethodresultconclusion

指示性摘要（概括型摘要）重点：概述论文的论点、分析过程和结论信息型与概括型的结合举例Thispaperpresentsanewalgorithmcalledbothmatchedalgorithmwhichissuitabletoindependentjobschedulingonheterogeneousprocessorplatforms.本文提出了适于异构环境独立任务调度的双匹配动态调度算法。

Usingdigitalsignalprocessor(DSP),TMS320F240,wedeveloponefrequencyconversionadjustable-speedsystembasedonFOCprinciple.以电机控制专用的DSP芯片TMS320F240为核心，设计开发了一套基于矢量控制的变频调速系统。科技论文摘要的语言特征

名词化结构(1)Thesubstitutionofthenewequipmentfortheoldwouldresultinaconsiderableincreaseinproduction.

新设备替代老设备将会使产量大大增加。(2)Thebasicmethodfortheimprovementofsoilistheapplicationoforganicfertilizer.

改良土壤的基本方法是使用有机肥。科技论文摘要的语言特征

长句BasedonanalyzingthemultipleUCAVmissionassignmentcharacteristics,anintegerprogrammingbasedmissionassignmentmethodformultiplecooperativeUCAVsisproposed.

在深入分析多UCAV任务分配问题的特点的基础上，提出求解多UCAV协同任务分配的整数规划方法。示例1ROBUST,NEARTIME-OPTIMALCONTROLOFPOWERSYSTEMOSCILLATIONSWITHFUZZYLOGIC

Thispaperpresentsafuzzylogiccontrollerforseriesreactanceswitchingtodamppowersystemelectromechanicaloscillations.Asetofcontrolrulesareconstructedandaninferenceisprovidedbyfuzzylogicreasoning.Theknowledgebaseforthecontrollerisestablishedfromobservationofthedynamicbehaviorofasimplepowersystemandthegeneralengineeringknowledgeaboutthesystemdynamics.Theperformanceofthecontrollerisshowntoberobustandcomparabletothatofaminimum-timeoptimalcontroller.Keywords:Smalldisturbancestability,largedisturbancestability,switchedreactance,optimalcontrol,rulebasedcontroller,fuzzylogic,robustness示例2AmodelpredictivecontrolstrategyforsupplychainoptimizationThispaperdescribesamodelpredictivecontrolstrategytofindtheoptimaldecisionvariablestomaximizeprofitinsupplychainswithmultiproduct,multiechelondistributionnetworkswithmultiproductbatchplants.Thekeyfeaturesofthispaperare:(1)adiscretetimeMILPdynamicmodelthatconsiderstheflowofmaterialandinformationwithinthesystem;(2)ageneraldynamicoptimizationframeworkthatsimultaneouslyconsidersalltheelementsofthesupplychainandtheirinteractions;and(3),arollinghorizonapproachtoupdatethedecisionvariableswheneverchangesaffectingthesupplychainarise.Thepapercomparesthebehaviorofasupplychainundercentralizedanddecentralizedmanagementapproaches,andshowsthattheformeryieldsbetterresults,withprofitincreasesofupto15%asshowninanexampleproblem.Keywords:Supplychainmanagement;Scheduling;Dynamicscheduling;Optimalcontrol;Decisionsupporttools;Hybridsystems第2段Stator:Thispartofthemachinedoesnotmoveandnormallyistheouterframeofthemachine

.

Rotor:Thispartofthemachineisfreetomoveandnormallyistheinnerpartofthemachine.Bothstatorandrotoraremadeofferromagneticmaterials.Inmostmachines,slotsarecutontheinnerperipheryofthestatorandouterperipheryoftherotorstructure.Conductorsareplacedintheseslots.Theironcoreisusedtomaximizethecouplingbetweenthecoils(formedbyconductors)placedonthestatorandrotor,toincreasethefluxdensityinthemachineandtodecreasethesizeofmachine.Ifthestatororrotor(orboth)issubjectedtoatime-varyingmagneticflux,theironcoreislaminatedtoreduceeddycurrentlosses.第3段第4段

Theconductorsplacedintheslotsofthestatororrotorareinterconnectedtoformwindings.Thewindinginwhichvoltageisinducediscalledthearmaturewinding.Thewindingthroughwhichacurrentispassedtoproducetheprimarysourceoffluxinthemachineiscalledthefieldwinding.Permanentmagnetsareusedinsomemachinestoprovidethemajorsourceoffluxinthemachine.第5段

Thevoltageinducedinthetermsofthearmaturewindingisalternating.Acommutator-brushcombinationisusedasamechanicalrectifiertomakethearmatureterminalvoltageunidirectionalandalsotomakethem.m.f.waveduetothearmaturecurrentfixedinspace.Thebrushedaresoplacedthatwhenthesidesofanarmatureturn(orcoil)passthroughthemiddleoftheregionbetweenfieldpoles,thecurrentthoughitchangesdirection.Thismakesalltheconductorsunderonepolecarrycurrentinonedirection.Asaconsequence,them.m.f.duetothearmaturecurrentisalongtheaxismidwaybetweenthetwoadjacentpoles,calledthequadratureaxis.第6段

Thefieldcircuitandthearmaturecircuitcanbeinterconnectedinvariouswaystoprovideawidevarietyofperformancecharacteristics–anoutstandingadvantageofDCmachines.Inaddition,thefieldpolescanbeexcitedbytwofieldwindings,ashuntfieldwindingandaseriesfieldwinding.Theshuntwindinghasalargenumberofturnsandtakesonlyssmallcurrent(lessthan5%oftheratedarmaturecurrent).Thiswindingcanbeconnectedacrossthearmature(i.e.,parallelwithit),hencethenameshuntwinding.Theserieswindinghasfewerturnsbutcarriesalargecurrent.Itisconnectedinserieswiththearmature,hencethenameserieswinding.Ifbothshuntandserieswindingarepresent,theserieswindingiswoundontopoftheshuntwinding.第7段

ThevariesconnectionsofthefieldcircuitandarmaturecircuitareshowninFig.2.Intheseparatelyexciteddcmachine(Fig.2a),thefieldwindingisexcitedfromaseparatesource.Intheself-exciteddcmachine,thefieldwindingcanbeconnectedinthreedifferentways.Thefieldwindingmaybeconnectedinserieswiththearmature(Fig.2b),resultinginaseriesdcmachine;itmaybeconnectedacrossthearmature(i.e.,inshunt),resultinginashuntmachine(Fig.2c);orbothshuntandserieswindingsmaybeused(Fig.2d),resultinginacompoundmachine.作业为本文写一篇100—150单词的英文摘要，并选关键词。

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

Mosttypesofelectricalmotorscanbemadetorotateineitherdirectionbysomesimplemodificationsoftheir