“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解

“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解“It"用法及其句型和固定搭配,是高中英语语法的重点、难点,又是近几年高考的热点，因此应给予充分的重视，现将it用法归纳如下：一、It用作实词表达以下概念：指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this，that；替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象……二、It用作形式主语替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。It作形式主语的常见句型:1。代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为(1)Itbeadjo(forsb.)todosth。此处adj.通常为描述事件的形容词：easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely，unlikely，right，wrong,important,unimportant,legal，illegal,well—mannered，ill—mannered,polite,impolite,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,fit,useful,useless,dangerous…例Itisillegal(forateenager)todriveacarwithoutalicense。(2)Itbeadj.ofsb.todosth.此处adjo通常为描述人的形容词：kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy。例It’skindofyoutohelpmewiththeproblemo(3)It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型It'snogood/usedoing…It's(well)worthdoing…It's(well)worthone'swhiledoing/todo•…It’s(well)worthwhiledoing/todo例It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.It替代作主语的从句常见句型(1)Itis+noun+从句例Itisnosecretthatthepresidentwantstohaveasecondtermatoffice.(2)Itisadj.+clauseIt'ssurprisingthat^(should) 竟然 It'sapity/shamethat…(should) 竟然 例It'simportantthatyoushouldapologizetoherforyourrudenesso(=It’sofmuchimportancethatyoushouldapologizetoherforyourrudeness.)(3)Itverbsb.+clause=Itisv-ing+clauseIt+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze/bother/concern/frighten/please/angersb.that…例Itworriedmethatshedrovesofasto(=Itwasworryingthatshedrovesofast.)Itverb(tosb。)that^=sb/sthverbtodo(verb=appear,seem,comeabout,emerge,follow,chance,happen,occur,transpire,turnout,workout)例It(so)happened/chancedthattheywereout°(=Theyhappened/chancedtobeout。)Itisv—edthat・，，=sb/sthistodo(verb=say，report，think，believe，hope,expect，agree，accept，decide，determine，intend，plan，understand，know)例Itissaidthatthecouplehavegottendivorced.(=Thecouplearesaidtohavegottendivorced。)Itisv-edthat••,(should)•••(verb=demand，request,require，order,suggest,advise，recommend例Itissuggestedthattheyshouldbeginwiththethirdquestion。“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解2007-05-0117:14：05.0中国高中生网(http:〃)三、It作主语的句型1。Ittakessb.…todo^(=sbtakes…todo…)某人用多长时间做某事例Ittookthemenaweektomendourroof.(=Thementookaweektomendourroof.)It's(just)(un)likesb。todo…(不)像某人做某事的风格例Itwas(just)likehimtothinkofhelpingus。It's(about/high)timethat…should/v-ed…是该做某事的时候了例It's(about/high)timethatweshouldtakeaction.4。It'sthex-thtime(that)…havev—ed…第几次做某事了例It'sthethirdtimethathehasfailedthedrivingtest.5。Itis/hasbeen…since…continuousv—ed(延续性动词)某动作已有多长时间不发生了例It's10yearsthathelivedhereItwas(not)…before…过(不)了多长时间某动作发生了例Itwasnotlongbeforetheyarrived.四、It作形式宾语用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。It作形式宾语的常见句型：verb+it+adj./noun(for/of)todo/clause(verb=think，believe，suppose，consider，feel，make,keep…)例Ithinkithardforyoutodothetaskonyourown./Ithinkithardthatyou’lldothetaskonyourown.verb+it+adj。/noun(one's)doing(adj。=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=nouse/nogood/worthone’swhile/awasteoftime/money/energy/words)(verb=think，believe，suppose，consider,feel,make,keep…)例I'llmakeitworthyourwhiletellingmeabouthissecret.verb+it+important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essentialthat…(should)…verb+it+ofmuch/great/no/littleimportancethat-,(should)•••(verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…)例Ithinkitimportantthatyou(should)attendtheconference。verb+it+as+noun/adj.+clause(verb=accept,regard,take,see,view)例Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture。v.+it+prep。+that…oweittosb。 that…把…归功于…leaveittosbthat…把…留给某人去做takeitforgrantedthat…想当然keepitinmindthat•…例Don’tbothertoarrangeanything。Justleaveittometosortout。6。It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面，尤其是表示好恶的动词后，enjoy,like,love,dislike，resent，hate，don'tmind，befondof,feellike，seeto宾语从句紧跟it之后例IhateityoucanswimsowellandIcan’t。It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的介词后面，宾语从句紧跟it之后（exceptthat例外）例I'mforitthatyouwillfollowtheiradvice.五、强调句型Itis/was+被强调部分+that（who）…强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点：。请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句例Whenwasitthathechangedhismindtotakepartintheactivity?.在强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由because所引导的从句例Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tcometoschoolyesterday.3。在强调not…until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上例ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasmybrother。4.注意强调句型与定语从句的区别例Itwasat7o'clockthathecamehereyesterday。（强调句型）Itwas7o'clockwhenhecamehereyesterday.（定语从句）六、It常用的固定搭配makeit（1）在口语当中相当于succeed，表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达例It’shardtomakeittothetopinshowbusiness.（2）在口语中相当于fixthedatefor，表示“约定好时间”例—Shallwemeetnextweek？-OK。WejustmakeitnextSaturday.asitis（1）相当于infact，inreality表示“事实上，实际情况是……"例Wehadplanedtofinishthetasktoday，butasitisweprobablywon'tfinishituntilnextweek。（2）相当于方式状语从句，表示“照原样”例Leavethetableasitis。asitwere相当于asonemightsay，thatistosay，表示“也就是说，可以说，换句话说”例Heis，asitwere，amodernSherlockHolmes。ifitweren'tfor…/ifithadn'tbeenfor•…用来引导虚拟语气，相当于without,orbutfor,表示“如果不是……，要不是……”例Ifitweren'tforTom,Iwouldn'tbealivetoday.that'sit(1)相当于That'sall。That'ssomuch。表示“至此为止，没有别的了”例Youcanhaveonemoresweet,andthat'sit。(2)相当于That'sright。表示“对啦”例—Iguessthekeytotheproblemisthechoice“A”-That’sit.catchit在口语中，相当于bepunished/scoldedfordoingsth。wrong。表示“因做错事而挨骂，受责备，受批评，受惩罚”例We’llreallycatchitformourteacherifwe'relateforclassagain.haveit(1)相当于say，insist表示“说，主张，表明，硬说”例Rumourhasitthattheyaregettingdivorced.(2)相当于gettoknowsomething，表示“了解，知道，获悉"例IhaditfromJohnthatshewasgoingabroad。havewhatittakes在口语中,相当于bewellqualifiedfor，表示“具有成功的条件”例Youcantakeitfrommethatyourdaughterhaswhatittakestobeastar。soitseems/appears。Keepatit！(Don'tgiveup！)相当于goon，表示“继续做，不放弃"例Myteacheraskedmetokeepatit。11。Goit！(Goon！)拼命干，莽撞Nowyouhavedoneit！(Youhavedonesth。wrong.)Nowyou'llcatchit！(You’llbepunished。)Asithappened，…在口语中，相当于it'sapitythat…，表示“真不凑巧，真遗憾”例Asithappened，theywereout。Asitturnedout，…在口语中,相当于itwasfoundtobeintheend，表示“最后被证明是”例Asitturnedout，hisstatementwasfalse。Suchasitis(theyare)在口语中,相当于althoughitmaynotbeworthmuch，表示“虽然没有多大价值”例Youcanborrowmyexamnotebook，suchasitis。Takeit/thingseasy.相当于Don'tworryordon'thurry。用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，存住气"例Takeiteasy！Hewilldoitwell。Takeitfromm