超详细的It的用法归纳总结(附习题及答案)

超详细的It的用法归纳总结（附习题及答案）一、It是代词指除人以外的一切生物和事物，用来指代时间、季节、天气距离、环境。在这里，i是一个虚词，没有任何实际意义。例如:①Itisaquartertoeightnow.现在是八点差一刻。②Itismidnight.现在是午夜。③Itistimeforbreakfast.现在是吃早饭的时间。④-Whatisthedatetoday?今天几月几号?--ItisDecember3rd.十二月三号。⑤--Whatseasonisit?现在是什么季节?--Itissummer.夏季。⑥--Whatistheweatherliketoday?今天天气如何?--Itisfine.天气很好。--Itisfoggyandwet.天气多雾又潮湿。⑧Howfarisitfromthebusstationtoyourhome?从汽车站到你们家有多远?⑨Itisaroundfivemilestotheshoppingcenter.从这儿到购物中心大约有五英里。二、It用作主语用来指代文中出现过的人或事。it此时可用来代替一个名词，一个短语，一个从句或一个句子。在句中可指生物,非生物，不明性别的人，也可以指一个动作或件事情(人物型)，还可以指人或事物的身份(指示型)。在这里,it是有实际意义的。例如:①--Whatisthis?这是什么?--Itisacomputer.这是一台计算机。②--Whatisthat?那是什么?--Itisamap.那是一张地图。③--Whereisthedog?狗在哪儿?--Itislyingunderthetree.它在树下面躺着呢。④--Whereisthepostoffice?邮局在哪儿?--Itisnearthehospital在小医院附近。⑤--Whoisthatman?那个人是谁?--Itismybrother.是我哥哥。⑥Hetriedtogetridofsmoking，butitwasimpossible.他尝试着戒烟，但那是不可能的。⑦Ifyouexerciseeveryday,itwillkeepyouwellandstrong.如果你每天锻炼，你就会变得健康。三、It作形式主语为了避免将句中作真主语的不定式、动名词和名词子句置于句首造成头重脚轻，习惯上it可作为形式主语置于句首，指代后面的真正主语，使句子显得流畅。it作形式主语的句型有:It+谓语+不定式It+谓语+动名词It+谓语+名词性从句1.不定式具有名词的性质，在句子中可作主语。例如:Itiswisetounderstandeachother=Tounderstandeachotheriswise.互相理解是明智的记：把it翻译为中文时,it没有实际意义，要把后置的不定式作为主语来翻译。例如:①Itisnecessarytohaveagoodsleepbeforethetestforus.=Tohaveagoodsleepbeforethetestforusisnecessary.对我们来说考试前好好睡一觉是很必要的。②Itiswrongtodoso.=Todosoiswrong.这样做是错误的。③Itisabadhabittoeatjunkfood.=Toeatjunkfoodisabadhabit.吃垃圾食品是一种坏习惯。④Ittookus12yearstocompletetheproject.=Tocompletetheprojecttookus12years.完成这项工程花费了我们十二年的时间。2.与不定式不同,动词-ing作主语时一般置于句子开端;置于句尾时则常将动词-ing改成不定式。因此用it代替动词-ing作形式主语的句子较少，主要用在以nouse，useless,notanyuse,notmuchuse,notanygood,notmuchgood,nogood,nohelp,dangerous，senseless,worth，while,awaste等词作主语补足语的句子中。例如:①Itisnousearguingwiththepeoplewhowon'tseereason.和不讲理的人争论是无用处的。②Isitanygood(anyuse)makingsuchadecision?做这样一个结论有用吗?③Itisdangerousplayingwithfire.玩火是危险的。④Itisworthreadingthebook.读这本书值得一读。四、It可代替由that、连接代词或连接副词引导的名词性从句。①Itwasclearthathehaddesireforpeace.=Thathehaddesireforpeacewasclear.很清楚他有和解的愿望。②Itwasreportedthatthenewpresidenthadbeenelected.=Thatthenewpresidenthadbeenelectedwasreported.据报道新总统已被选出来了。③Itisapitythathersistercannotgoshoppingwithus.=Thathersistercannotgoskatingwithusisapity.她的姐姐不能和我们一起去购物,这太令人遗憾了。五、It+名词性从句的结构一般可归为六类。1.It+be动词+形容词+that从句①Itisstrange/obviousnaturalgood/possible/funny/surprising/usual+that从句。例如:②Itisstrangethatnobodyknowswherehelives.奇怪的是，谁也不知道他住在哪里。2.It+be动词+名词+that从句Itisafact/anhonor/agoodthing/goodnews/apity+that从句。例如:Itisapitythatyoudidn'tcome.你没来，好遗憾。3.Itwassaid/reported/announced/expected/decided+that从句。例如:①It'ssaidthathehasperformedmanymiracles.据说他创造了许多奇迹。②Itwasreportedthatmusclediseaseswereincreasingrapidly.据报道肌肉疾病正迅速增加。4.Itseems/happened/turnedout/occurredtome+that!从句。例如:Itseemsthatmyteacherknowsalotaboutthis.我的老师对这件事知道的似乎很多。5.Itisdoubtful/aquestion/uncertain/amystery+连接代词或连接副词引导的子句。例如:Itisaquestionwhethershewouldplaythepart.她是否能扮演这个角色还是个问题。6.Itdoesn'tmatter/doesn'tmaketoomuchdifference+连接代词或连接副词引导的子句。例如:Itdoesn'tmatterwhateveryoudo.无论你做什么都没关系。六、It的强调句型句子结构：It+be动词+被强调的成分+子句。It此时是没有实意的虚词，它的作用是强调放在主语补语位置的某个句子成分。当强调部分指人时，可用who(whom)/that,其他情况下多用that,不能用which。1.强调主语①Itwashisbrotherwho/thatbrokethecup.是他的哥哥打碎了杯子。②Itwastwopupilswho/thathelpedtheblindmancrossthestreet.是两个学生帮助这个盲人过马路。③Itisthepeoplewho/thatarereallypowerful.人民是真正有力量的。④ItisProfessorSmithwho/thatteachesuschemistryeveryMondayafternoon.是史密斯教授每周一下午教我们化学。2.强调宾语(1)强调直接宾语。例如:①ItischemistrythatProfessorSmithteachesuseveryMondayaf-ternoon.史密斯教授每星期一下午是给我们讲化学。②ItwasaNewYearcardthathesenthisclassmate.他寄给他同学的是张新年卡片。(2)强调间接宾语。例如:①Itwashisclassmatewhom/thathesentaNewYearcardto.他将新年卡片寄给他的同学。②Itwastheguardwhom/thatheshowedthepassto.他将通行证出示给警卫。③Itisuswhom/thatMrLiteacheschemistryeveryMondayafternoon.李老师每周下午给我们教化学。8.强调状语(1)强调时间状语。例如:①ItiseveryMondayafternoonthatMrLiteachesusMaths.李老师给我们讲数学课是在每星期一下午。②ItwasnotuntilSaturdaythathebegantopreparetheexamination.他直到星期六才开始准备考试。(2)强调地点状语。例如:①ItmighthavebeenonthebusthatIlostmypurse.我可能在公共汽车上丢失了皮夹。②Itwasbeforethefireplacethattheoldwomanwassitting.这位老妇人坐在壁炉前。4.强调宾语补足语①Itwaswhitethatmyauntpaintedherbedroom.我的姑姑把卧室漆成白色。②Itwascaptainthattheteamchosehim.队员们选他当队长。③Itwaswrongthatweconsideredhim.我们认为他是错误的。④ItisafineplayerthatwebelieveJane.我们相信珍妮是一个出色的选手。5.强调主语补足语ItisLittleTigerthatheiscalled.他被称作小老虎。七、It用在一些习语中作主语Itcannotbehelped.没有办法。Itishardtosay.很难说。Itcomestonothing.没有什么结果.八、It作真正宾语①Sheisverystubbornthoughshedoesnotlooklikeit.她非常固执，虽然看上去并非如此。②Whenhefoundwhattheworldneeded,Edisonwentaheadandtriedtoinventit.当他发现世上需要的东西时，爱迪生总是尽力去发明它。③You'dbetterhaveatryandyouwillfinditquiteinteresting.你最好尝试一下，就会发现这很有趣。九、It作形式宾语1.代替不定式。例如:①MikefounditinterestingtoreadthebookATaleofTwoCities.麦克发现读小说《双城记》很有意思。②Shemadeitherbusinesstotakecareofheryoungersisterafterhermotherdied.在她妈妈死后，她认为照顾妹妹是自己的责任。2.代替动词-ing。例如:①Hethinksitsheerwasteoftimearguingwithamadman.他认为和一个疯子争论纯粹是浪费时间。②Don'tyouthinkitwrongwastingyourtime?你不认为浪费时间是错误的吗?3.代替that引导名词性从句。例如:Weshouldmakeitcleartothepublicthatwearedoinganim-portantjob.应向公众表明我们正在进行一项重要的工作。Iconsideredittruethathewasill.我认为他病了，这是真的。十、试题与解析选择最佳答案填空。1.Wasitin1969（）theAmericanastronautssucceeded（）landingonthemoon?A.when;onB.that;on,aC.when;inD.that;in2.（）intheparktomorrow.A.ItwilllovelyB.ItwillbelovelyC.TherewillbeD.Therewill3.Infact,（）isahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it4.Howmuchdoes（）torentacar?A.itcostsB.costsC.itD.itcost5.Whatamistake（）tocomehere!A.itB.is,eraC.isitD.itis6.（）easythingtomasteraskill.A.ItisnotaB.ItnotisaC.ItisnotanD.Itnotisan7.（）thatMissSmithknowsalotabouthistory.A.ItseemedB.Itseemsc.ItisseemedD.Itwas8.（）toomuchdifferencewhoisinchargeofthesupermarket.A.Itdoesn'tmakeB.Itismakec.Itdoesn'tmadeD.Itismade9.It（）inthemorning,butnowithasclearedup.A.iscloudyB.wascloudyc.wascloudD.iscloud10.Ihate（）whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.theseD.them11.It（）whenthenewroadwillbeopenedtotraffic.A.ismadeclearB.hadbec.madeclearD.wasmadeclear12.（）toMr.Jacksonhowhebecameawriter.A.IthasmysteryB.Itismysteryc.IthasamysteryD.Itisamystery13.People（）thattheearthiscenteroftheuniversemanyyearsago.A.tookthisforgrantedB.tookitforgrantedc.tookthatforgrantedD.tookitsfor