2022-2023年吉林省白城市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)

2022-2023年吉林省白城市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Apersonwithsleepapneawillpossiblyhavethesymptomlike______.

A.failingtowakeupinthemorning

B.stoppingbreathingrepeatedly

C.failingtoconcentrateonhisthinking

D.stayingawakeallthenight

2.TheHydrogenEconomy

Itseemsthateverydaythereisanewannouncementinthenewsaboutautomobilespoweredbyfuelcells.Thepromisesaregreat,sincefuelcellshavethepotentialtoveryquicklydoubletheefficiencyofcarswhilesignificantlyreducingairpollution.

Atthesametime,therehavebeennewsstoriesfordecadesabouttheproblemsassociatedwithpetroleum.Everythingfromoilspillstoozone(臭氧)alertstoglobalwarminggetsblamedonourdependenceonfossilfuels.

Thesetwoforcesareleadingthewormtowardwhatisbroadlyknownasthehydrogeneconomy.Ifthepredictionsaretrue,overthenextseveraldecadeswewillallbegintoseeanamazingshiftawayfromthefossilfueleconomywehavetodaytowardamuchcleanerhydrogenfuture.

ProblemswiththeFossilFuelEconomy

Whilefossilfuelshaveplayedanimportantroleingettingsocietytothepointitisattoday,therearefourbigproblemsthatfossilfuelscreate.

Airpollution—Whencarsburngasoline,theinternalcombustionenginealsoproducescarbonmonoxide,apoisonousgasNitrogenoxides(氮氧化物),themainsourceofurbansmogunburnedhydrocarbons,themainsourceofurbanozone.

Environmentalpollution—Theprocessoftransportingandstoringoilhasabigimpactontheenvironmentwheneversomethinggoeswrong.Anoilspill,pipelineexplosionorwellfirecancreateahugemess.

Globalwarming—Thecarbondioxidecomingoutofeverycar'stailpipeisagreenhousegasthatisslowlyraisingthetemperatureoftheplanet.Theultimateeffectsareunknown,butitisastrongpossibilitythat,eventually,therewillbedramaticclimatechangesthataffecteveryoneontheplanet.

Dependence—TheUnitedStates,andmostothercountries,cannotproduceenoughoiltomeet

demand,sotheyimportitfromoil-richcountries.Thatcreatesaneconomicdependence.WhenMiddleEastoilproducersdecidetoraisethepriceofoil,therestoftheworldhaslittlechoicebuttopaythehigherprice.

AdvantagesoftheHydrogenEconomy

Thehydrogeneconomypromisestoeliminatealloftheproblemsthatthefossilfueleconomycreates.Therefore,theadvantagesofthehydrogeneconomyinclude.

Theeliminationofpollutioncausedbyfossilfuels—Whenhydrogenisusedinafuelcelltocreatepower,itisacompletelycleantechnology.Theonlybyproductiswater.Therearealsonoenvironmentaldangerslikeoilspillstoworryaboutwithhydrogen.

TheeliminationofgreenhousegasesIfthehydrogencomesfromtheelectrolysisofwater,thenhydrogenaddsnogreenhousegasestotheenvironment.Thereisaperfectcycle-electrolysisproduceshydrogenfromwater,andthehydrogenrecombineswithoxygentocreatewaterandpowerinafuelcell.

Theeliminationofeconomicdependence—TheeliminationofoilmeansnodependenceontheMiddleEastanditsoilreserves.

Distributedproduction--Hydrogencanbeproducedanywherethatyouhaveelectricityandwater.Peoplecaneven,produceitintheirhomeswithrelativelysimpletechnology.

Theproblemswiththefossilfueleconomyaresogreat,andtheenvironmentaladvantagesofthehydrogeneconomyaresosignificant,thatthepushtowardthehydrogeneconomyisverystrong.

TechnologicalHurdles(障碍)

Thebigquestionwiththehydrogeneconomyis,"Wheredoesthehydrogencomefrom?"Afterthatcomesthequestionoftransporting,distributingandstoringhydrogen.Hydrogentendstobelargeandtrickyinitsnaturalgaseousform.

Oncebothofthesequestionsareansweredinaneconomicalway,thehydrogeneconomywillbeinplace.

Wheredoesthehydrogencomefrom?Therearetwopossiblesourcesforthehydrogen:electrolysis(电解)ofwater—Usinge

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

Organicagriculturecontributestoslowingdowntheglobaltemperatureincreasethroughitsabilityto______.

4.

Humanreproductiondependsonarangeofactivitiesandeventsand______.

5.

Ifwecanjoinbillionsofcomputercircuitstogetherlikebillionsofbraincellswhichworktogether,thenthecomputercanreceive______.

6.Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1-4,mark

Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions5-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

TheAdvantagesofCommunicativeLanguageTeaching

Asateachertrainerworkingwithinternationalgroups,Iamfrequentlyaskedtoincludeanoverviewofcommunicativelanguageteaching(CLT),anddiscusswaysofadaptingmaterialstomakelessonsmorecommunicativeorinteractive.

MostgroupsareenthusiasticaboutthelessonopportunitieswhichCLToffers.However,somealsoindicatedtheyfeltconstrainedbythesystemunderwhichtheyoperated,especiallythoseteachinginsettingswhichareparticularlyexam-focused.Inaddition,theyqueriedtherelevanceofCLTtotheirsituation,wheremanyofthestudentsneverusedEnglishoutsidetheclassroom.Incontrast,Ihadshiftedacrossaspectrumoflearners,enthusiasticallytakingCLTalongwithmeasuniversallyappropriate.

Takingmycolleagues'concernsonboard,IbegantoquestiontheappropriatenessofCLTforsomeofthesediverselearnergroups.Thiswassupportedbycurrentreadingonthetopic;thetitlesofsomearticlesmademethinkIshouldgiveupthesupportforCLTthenandthere.However,themoreIreadonthetopic,themoreIdefendedthecontinuedsuitabilityofCLT.Itreallydoesbenefitthestudentsinavarietyofways.

ElementsofCLT

Communication—AccordingtoAbility

WhetherCLTshouldbeconsideredanapproachoramethodologyisamoreabstractdebateandhereIwanttodealwithitsmorepracticalaspects,infact,itisthoseveryelements,andthenameitself,whichhavebeenusedtochallengethefuturerelevanceofCLT.Firstly,thelabelimpliesafocusoncommunicationandsomemightarguethatthismethodcan'tbeemployedgenuinelywithlowlevelsasthereisnoauthenticcommunication,duetoalimitedvocabularyandrestrictedrangeoffunctions.Initially,manyofalearner'sutterancesareveryformulaic.Asanaside,considerjustwhatpercentageofourownEnglishexpressionsareunique,andhowoftenwerelyonasetphrase;justbecauseitisdeliveredunselfconsciouslyandwithnaturalintonationdoesnotmakeitoriginal.Theaimisthatthelengthandcomplexityofexchanges,andconfidentdelivery,willgrowwiththestudent'slanguageability.

Withtheemphasisoncommunication,thereisalsotheimplicationthatspokenexchangesshouldbeauthenticandmeaningful;detractorsclaimthattheartificialnatureofclassroom-based(i.e.teacher-createdinteractionsmakesCLTanoxymoron.Nevertheless,aproficientteacherwillprovideacontextsothatclassinteractionsarerealisticandmeaningfulbutwiththesupportneededtoassiststudentstogeneratethetargetlanguage.Weneedtoconsiderthatproducinglanguageisaskillandwhenwelearnaskillwepractiseinimprovisedsettings.Forexample,beforeanursegivesarealinjection,theyhavepuncturedmanyapieceoffruittohonetheirtechnique.

AccuracyasWellasFluency

Itmightalsobearguedthattheextentofsomeofthestructuresorfunctionsmayneverbeusedinreallife.Oneexampleisadjectiveorder;Ihavegivenstudentsanexercisewheretheyhavetoproduceaphrasewithastringofadjectives,suchas"astrong,orange,Norwegian,canvastent."Thisisveryunnatural,asmosttimesweonlycombinetwoorthreea

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Whatkindofpeople,accordingtothepassage,cantakerunningasregularexerciseimmediately?

A.Peoplewithalotofenthusiasm.

B.Peoplewithgoodhealthcondition.

C.Peoplewhohavenomoneybutlotsoftime.

D.Peoplewhowanttobestronger.

8.

Ithasbeenprovedthatthegeodesicdomeis______humanshelter.

9.

Asaresult,hisdoublelifeminedhisteachingcareer.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

AgreatnumberofpeoplebegintotourAfter1950.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

Therecruiterdevelops______ofyoufromyourdatasheetbeforehegoesouttocallyou.

12.

MarkTwainwasnotasuccessful______,buthewasanoutstandingwriter.

13.

ThetwofactorscontributingtotheappealingofGMcropstofarmersareand______.

14.

Accordingtothepassage,allthefactorsincludingourbloodrelationship,genesandpeersdecidewhatshapesUS.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

Surveysshowthatmiddleclasscustomerswillgivefirstprioritytothefactorsofcomfortofstoresandselectionofcommoditiestheyofferindecidingwheretoshopthesedays.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

AccordingtoscientistsattheU.S.NationalSnowandleeDataCenter,withinabout60years,therewillbe______ontheArcticOcean.

17.

Whenpeoplegossipaboutothers,theyusuallycomparethemselvestothegossipedones,andthinkthemselves______.

18.

By"DeathControl",theauthormeanscontroloftheworld'spopulation.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

Elementary,intermediateandadvancedstudentsall______fromjazzchants,music,andpoetry.

20.

Accordingtoageneraldefinition,amaturetreewouldbeatleast______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(36)

A.Aspecialfoodcalledfurmety.

B.Carlings,akindofpancake.

C.Thesimnelcake,averyrichfruitcake.

D.Cakeswhicharemadebymothers.

22.(32)

A.Whenhuntingforfood.

B.Whensleeping.

C.Whenbeingattacked.

D.Whencommunicatingwiththeircousins.

23.听力原文：M:Excuseme.Couldyourecommendsomethingforabadcold?

W:Thatdepends.Isitjustasimpleheardcold?

Q:Wheredoesthisdialoguetakeplace?

(15)

A.Inahospital.

B.Inadepartmentstore.

C.Atthepostoffice.

D.Attheoffice.

24.(40)

25.(46)

26.

【B2】

27.

【B10】

28.听力原文：M:Hey,Amy,whereareyouoffto?

W:TotheRecreationCenter.I'vegotaphysicaleducationclass.

M:Whatcourseareyoutaking?

W:Fencing.

M:Oh,really?Isithard?

W:Iwasinthefencingclubinhighschool,soformeit'smostlyreview.

M:Ionceheardsomeonecallfencing"thethinkingperson'ssport."Wouldyouagreewiththat?

W:Itdoesrequirelotsofconcentration,andifyouwanttowinmatches,tacticsareimportant—justlikeinagameofchess.

M:AndIsupposeyouhavetobefastandstrongtowin.

W:Speedisimportant,andagility,butyoudon'thavetobeparticularlystrongtobeagoodfencer.ThemainreasonIlikefencing,though,isthatit'sgreatexercise.Ifindanhouroffencingisasgoodaworkoutworkoutas,assay,anhouroftennis.

(20)

A.Gotoameetingofthefencingclub.

B.Watchafencingmatch.

C.Reviewforanexam.

D.Attendaphysicaleducationclass.

29.听力原文：M:IwonderifaproblemlikethiscanbesolvedbyLinda.

W:Well.Ifshecan'tsolveit,noonecan.

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

(19)

A.Theproblemmayhavebeenaverycomplicatedone.

B.Themancansolvetheproblemhimself.

C.EvenLindacannotsolvetheproblem.

D.Thewomanthinksthattheproblemistooeasy.

30.听力原文：M:Whatabeautifuldaytoday!Lifeliesinmotion,solet'sgoplaytennistogether,shallwe?

W:IthasbeenthelastthingIwilldosincetheballhitmelasttime.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(18)

A.Shewon'tgotoplaytennis.

B.Shecan'tplaytennis.

C.Shedoesn'tlikedoingsports.

D.Sheisnotgoodatplayingtennis.

31.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：Neveraveryconfidentman,Hanleywashappytoleaveallthearrangementsfortheexhibitiontohisagent,ayoungmanbythenameofGreen,whohadatalentfororganization.Greenhadbeentohisstudioand,withthehelpofHanley'swife,hadselectedthepicturesfortheexhibition.Hehaddecoratedthehallandhadpersonallysupervisedthehangingofthepictures.Mostimportantofall,hehadseentoitthatalltheinvitationswenttotherightpeople:critics,reportersand,ofcourse,peoplewithmoneytospendonpaintings.

"There'snodoubtaboutit,"Greenassuredhimduringtheexhibition,"everythinghasgoneoffverywell."Hanleywaspleased,butremainedshylyinthebackground,unwillingtomeethispublic.

"Onepicturecaughtspecialattention."Greentoldhim.Heconsultedhiscatalogue."Numberthirty-seven.Itdidnothaveaname,soyourwifeandIdecidedtocallit'Midnight'--becauseallthecolorsareverydark."

Hanley,unabletorecognizethepicturefromthisdescription,waspuzzled,buthesaidnothing.Wheneveryonehadleft,heslippedacrosstoseeforhimselfthepaintingwhichhadattractedsomuchattention.HelaughedsomuchthatGreencameacrosstoseewhatthematterwas.Tryinghardtosuppresshisamusement,Hanleytoldhimthatoneofhisson'spaintingshadbeenhungupbymistake.

(27)

A.Hewastoobusy.

B.Hewassick.

C.Helacksconfidence.

D.Hewasatameeting.

32.(25)

A.Sexcontact.

B.Bloodexchange.

C.Drugabuse.

D.Casualcontact.

33.

【B9】

34.【B10】

35.听力原文：Americansaresufferingfromaserioussleepdeficitwhilealsocuttingbackonleisureactivitiesastheyspendmoretimeatwork:Aworldthat"nevergoestosleep"offersmanydiverseactivities,butencouragesunhealthyandsometimesanti-sociallifestylesforAmerica'sadults.Adultsreportspendingmoretimeatwork,ashiftthathashadaprofoundimpactontheirpersonallives:Adultsreportspendinglesstimesleeping,engaginginsocialandleisureactivities.MostAmericanssaytheysufferfromsleepproblemsandwhentheygotosleep,manysleepaloneeveniftheyaremarried.ThesearesomeofthekeyfindingsintheNationalSleepFoundation's2001"SleepinAmerica"poll,whichlooksattherelationshipbetweenAmericans'lifestyles,sleephabitsandsleepproblems.SleepdeprivationcontinuestobewidespreadinAmerica.AccordingtotheNSFpoll,63%ofAmericanadultsdonotgettherecommendedeighthoursofsleepneededforgoodhealth,safety,andoptimumperformance.Infact,nearlyone-thirdreportsleepinglessthansevenhourseachweeknight,thoughmanyadultssaytheytrytosleepmoreonweekends.Thepollshowsgoodnewsandbadnews.ThegoodnewsisthatmanyAmericanssaytheydon'twanttogiveupanymoresleepinspiteoftheirexcitinglives.Andtheywouldsleepmoreiftheywereconvinceditwouldcontributetotheirqualityoflife.Thebadnewsisfartoomanyadultsstillsacrificesleep,whichisunhealthyandcounter-productive.Isgettinglesssleepatrendindevelopedsocieties?Perhapssomeofyoucallersmaybeabletoshedsomefurtherlight.Let'sopenupthephonelinesat54389282.Andwehaveourfirstcallernow.Pleasegoahead…

(33)

A.Workingtoolong.

B.Accumulatedstress.

C.Badsleepinghabits.

D.Anti-sociallifestyles.

36.(16)

A.Theyusuallygojogging.

B.Theyusuallygototheparkstodotheirexercises.

C.TheyusuallydoTaijiquan.

D.Theyarestillasleep.

37.听力原文：Thebestinterviewisoneinwhichthereistwo-waycommunicationbetweentheemployerandthejobapplicant.Oftenthereissome"smalltalk"atthebeginningoftheinterview,whichisactuallyveryimportant,becausetheapplicant'sanswersmayindicatehoweasilythepersoncanconverse.Ajobseekerwhoappearsunfriendlyorunsociablemaynotbeofferedaposition,evenifthepersonisthemostqualified.Employerslookforpeoplewhoseemtobelikeableandeasytoworkwithaswellastechnicallycompetent.

Thefirstfewminutesoftheinterviewareveryimportantwhenitcomestomakingagoodimpression.Asmileandhandshakeareexpectedafterthejobapplicantwalksintotheprospectiveemployer'soffice.Inaddition,theapplicantmustpayattentiontocertainareasrelatedtopersonalappearance.Duringtheinterview,asupervisorormanagerwillasktheapplicantquestionsthatmustbeansweredfullybutwithoutexcessivedetail.Itisimportanttowatchtheemployer'sfacefornonverbalcuesastowhetherenoughhasbeensaid.

Somepeoplemayhavedifficultyansweringcertainquestionsbecauseoftheirculturalperspectives.Incultureswherehumilityandmodestyarevirtues,thequestion"whatareyourstrengths"couldbeembarrassing.Inmanycultures,likeseveralAsiancultures,peoplearetaughtnottotalkorboastabouttheirindividualaccomplishments.Yet,duringaninterview,anemployeroftenwantsthejobapplicanttotalkabouthisorheraccomplishments.InanAmericaninterview,applicantsmustlearntopresentthemselvesinthemostpositivelight.Thisisachallengeformanypeoplefromothercountries.

(33)

A.Theapplicantwhoisdominatingtheinterviewcaneasilygetthejob.

B.Thosewhoarebothsociableandcompetentintechnologyarewelcomed.

C.Smalltalkcanhelptheintervieweetoappearfriendlyandsociable.

D.Theemployercanjudgewhethertheapplicantisqualifiedornotfrom"smalltalk".

38.

【B5】

39.(35)

A.Totakewhateverdrinkbeingserved.

B.Toaskforthedrinkyoulikebest.

C.Tohavesoftdrinksratherthanalcoholicdrinks.

D.Tomakesurethatthehostesswillgiveyouachoiceofdrinks.

40.(28)

A.Theyarechangedtomakethesitemoreinteresting.

B.Theyareexpandedtolimittheamountofconstruction.

C.Theyareintegratedintothedesignofthebuilding.

D.Theyareremovedforconstruction.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Howcanthecompaniescuttheircostaccordingtothepassage?

A.Theydismisssomeemployeestosavemoney.

B.Theyusetemporarylaborsandcheaplabors.

C.Theydon'tpayfortheemployees'healthinsurance.

D.Theyinvestmoneyonmarketingcampaigns.

42.

In28B.C.thejumpofRoman'spopulationpartlycanattributeto

A.civilwar'seruption

B.populationexplosion

C.extensionofcitizenshiptoRomanallies

D.thecensusesbasedonadultmales

43.

WhatproblemsexistinBerger'scountryaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thelackofhonestyingovernment.

B.Corruptionandtheriseofparallelpowers.

C.Thedifficultiesoflookingforallies.

D.MsMenchfi'srefusaltoacceptthegovernmentpost.

44.FewpeopleknowthatMr.PotatoHeadwasalmostlittlemorethanaforgottencerealpremium.Buthistoryhasawayofbeingkindtotheclassics.AndGeorgeLernerwasabouttomakehistory!DuringtheWorldWarIIera,GeorgeLernerenjoyedsuccessasawell-knowninventoranddesigner.Justbefore1950,hedesignedandproducedafirstgenerationsetofplasticfacepieces.Thepushpin-shapednoses,ears,eyesandmouthpartscouldbepushedintofruitsorvegetablestotransform.thefoodintoanendlessarrayofmagicalanthropomorphic(人形的)playmates.

Thetoywasn'tanimmediatehithowever.TherewasstillaWorldWarⅡmentalitytoconserveresources.Toycompaniesdidn'tthinkthatcustomerswouldaccepttheideaofwastingapieceoffoodasachild'stoy.Butafterawhile,Georgefinallysoldthetoy,for$5,000dollars,toacerealcompany,whoplannedtousethepiecesasapremiumgiveawayincerealboxes.ButGeorgeknewthathisnewtoydeservedabiggershot.Andthatshotcameinameetingwithafamily-ownedNewEnglandmanufacturer.Mr.Lernerandthemanufacturerboughtbacktherightsfromthecerealcompanyfor$7,000.

Mr.PotatoHead,oneoftheworld'smostadored"personalities",was"born"in1952,andbeganmakinghistoryatanearlyageastheveryfirsttoytobeadvertisedontelevision.TheoriginalMr.PotatoHeadcontainedonlyparts,suchaseyes,ears,nosesandmouths,andparentshadtosupplychildrenwithrealpotatoesforface-changingfun!Eightyearslater,ahardplasticpotato"body"wasincludedwithMr.PotatoHeadtoreplacetheneedforarealpotato.Overthenextthreedecades,avarietyofMr.PotatoHeadproductsweresold.Hewassolovedbychildren,thathewasexpandedintoadditionaltoycategoriesincludingpuzzles,creativeplaysets,andelectronichand-heldboardandvideogames.ThevastpopularityofMr.PotatoHeadalsoattractednon-toycompanieswholicensedhisimageandnametomakeapparel(服饰),accessoriesandnoveltyitems.

Mr.PotatoHead'sappealtopeopleyoungandoldmadehimtheidealambassadorformanycausesandgood-willefforts.Onhis40thbirthday,itwasdecidedthathewouldnolongerbea"couchpotato"andhereceivedaspecialawardfromthePresident'sCouncilforPhysicalFitness,rightonthelawnoftheWhiteHouse!Alwaysonetopassonawholesomemessagetothepublic,heandMrs.PotatoHeadjoinedupwiththeLeagueofWomen'sVotersin1996tohelpoutwiththeir"GetouttheVote"campaignandspreadthewordabouttheimportanceofvotingtoAmericans.

WhathappenedtoMr.PottoHeadafteritwasmadeasthetoy?

A.Itwaswidelyacceptedassoonasitwasmade.

B.Itwassoldtoatoycompanyanditwassoldwell.

C.Itwasplannedtogiveawaytocustomersbyacerealcompanyasagift.

D.Itspatentwassoldatthepriceof$7,000dollars.

45.(49)

46.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethate-mailsphonesaredesignedto______.

A.maketransmissionofe-mailmessagesfaster

B.makecommunicationthroughe-mailscheaper

C.makecommunicationthroughe-mailseasier

D.makecommunicationthroughe-mailsmorepopular

47.UNofficialspledgedThursdaytobridgetheworld'sdigitaldivide,bringingcomputersandInternettrainingtoPoorercountriesbeforetheyfallfurtherbehindintechnologyandwealth.TheDigitalServiceCorpsinitiativeexpandsonaUniversityofPennsylvaniapilotthatsentthreeprofessorsand27studentstotheWestAfricancountryofMalllastspring.FourcountrieswillbeselectedforvisitsinDecember.

InpartneringwiththeprivateGlobalTechnologyOrganization,theUNOfficeforProjectsServiceswantstoreducethegapseparatingnationswithgoodtechnologyfromthosewithout."TherearemoreWebsitesoriginatinghereinNewYorkthaninallofAfrica,"saidReinhartHelmke,executivedirectoroftheUNagency."TherearemoreWebsitesoriginatinginFinlandthaninallofLatinAmericaandtheCaribbean."Helmkesaidthedigitaldividewouldbebetterdescribedasadigitalchasm.Hesaidtheglobaleconomycannotbesustainedifsomecountriesareleftout.

NeysanRassekh,founderandpresidentofGlobalTechnologyOrganization,vowedtotackletheproblem"countrybycountry,townbytown,citizenbycitizen."Theinitiativecarriesnofunding,however.TheUNprojectsoffice,asaself-financingagencywithalimitedbudget,willprovideonlymanagementknow-how.Rassekh'sgroup,whichorganizedtheUniversityofPennsylvaniagroup,planstosolicit(恳求)cashandequipmentdonations.FortheMaliproject,theuniversitypaidairfareandotherexpensesthroughfeesthatstudentspaytoreceiveacademiccredit.

Eliminatingtheglobaldividewon'tbeeasy.Persuadingforeigngovernmentstobuycomputersinsteadoffoodcanbetough,eventhoughtechnologycanreducepovertyandhungerinthelongrun,saidHafidhChaibi,whopromotesglobalaccessthroughtheWorldofKnowledgeFoundationinOrlando,Fla.ErnestWilson,aninternationaldevelopmentspecialistattheUniversityofMaryland,saidhisresearchfoundinformationtechnologygrowingby18percentayearindevelopingcountries,comparedwith23percentinindustrializednations.ThatmeansthegapcontinuestogrowdespiteimprovementsthroughprogramsfromtheUnitedNations,theWorldBank,theMarkleFoundationandotherorganizations.

TheUNannouncementcameasworldleadersmetattheUNMillenniumSummittodiscusssuchchallengesaspeace,disarmamentandaccesstonewtechnology.OverfourweeksinMayandJune,theUniversityofPennsylvaniavolunteerssetupfourcomputercentersinMallandtrained120residents,mostlystudentsandeducatorswhocouldthenteachothers.OrganizersarealsosettingupaWebsitetohelpresidentsobtaininformationoneducationandhealth.TheUNagencyanditsprivatepartnerplantoreplicatethateffortin10to12countriesayear.

The"digitaldivide"asisusedinthefirstpassagerefersto______.

A.thegapintechnologyandwealthbetweenpoorandrichcountries

B.inadequatetrainingwhichtechniciansinpoorercountrieshavereceived

C.theavailabilityofcomputerandInternettechnologiestodifferentnations

D.thedifferenceinthenumberofWebsitescreatedtopoorandrichcountries

48.Thefactthatthechanceofidenticaltwinsbothdevelopingschizophreniaishigherthanthatoffraternaltwinsconfirmstheinfluenceof______.

49.

InPara.3,theconceptof"wiredcities"isrevivedbecause______.

A.personalcomputersbecomeeasilyavailabletomorepeople

B.theInternethasfoundextensiveapplications

C.thenumberofonlineconsumersandcompaniesisontherise

D.e-mallshavereplacedlettersasthedominantmessageofcommunication

50.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

OnaNovemberdayin1999,FrederickMiller,terminallyillwithlungandbraincancer,ateabowlofapplesaucelacedwithbarbiturates(巴比委酸盐).Ninetyminuteslater,withhiswifeNorabyhisside,the52-year-olddiedpeacefully.

ThatsceneoccurredinPortland,Oregon,wheresince1997ithasbeenlegalforadoctortoprescribeafatalcocktailofdrugstopatientswhoareterminallyill.Butthatlaw,theDeathwithDignityAct,hasbeenhotlydebatedformostofitsexistence.In2001JohnAshcroft,thenattorney-generaloftheUnitedStates,claimedthatprescribingdrugstoendlifewasnota"legitimatemedicalpurpose".Thisstartedlegalskirmishing(小冲突)thatlandedtheOregonlawbeforetheSupremeCourt.Butforthemomenttheoptiontotakeone'sownlife,withadoctor'shelp,staysopen.OnJanuary17ththeSupremeCourtruled6-3thatOregoncouldkeepitsassisted-suicid