职称英语考试理工类阅读判断练习题

职称英语考试理工类阅读判断练习题（9）

PlantsinDesert

Onlyspecialplantscansurvivetheterribleclimateofadesert,fortheseare

regionswheretheannualrangeofthesoiltemperaturecanbeover75℃.

Furthermore,duringthesummertherearefewcloudsintheskytoprotectplants

fromthesun'sray.Anotherproblemisthefactthattherearefrequentlystrong

windswhichdrivesmall,sharpparticlesofsandintotheplants,tearingand

damagingthem.Themostdifficultproblemforallformsofplantlife,however,is

thefactthattheentireannualrainfalloccursduringafewdaysorweeksinspring.

Grassesandflowersindesertsurvivefromoneyeartothenextbyexisting

throughthelong,hot,dryseasonintheformofseeds.Theseseedsremain

inactiveunlesstherightamountofrainfalls.Ifnorainfalls,orifinsufficientrain

falls,theywaituntilthenextyear,orevenstillthenext.Anotherfactorthathelps

theseplantstosurviveisthefactthattheirlifecyclesareshort.Bythetimethatthe

waterfromthespringrainsdisappears-----justafewweeksafteritfalls------such

plantsnolongerneedany.

Theperennialshavespecialfeatureswhichenablethemtosurviveasplantsfor

severalyears.Thus,nearlyalldesertperennialshaveextensiverootsystemsbelow

groundandasmallshootsystemaboveground.Thelargerootnetworkenablesthe

planttoabsorbasmuchwateraspossibleinashorttime.Thesmallshootsystem,

ontheotherhand,considerablylimitswaterlossbyevaporation.

16.Ordinaryplantsareunabletosurviveinthedesertmainlybecauseofthe

changeableweather.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18.Grassesandflowersinthedesertwhoselifecyclesareshortshowstheir

abilitytoadapttothequickdisappearanceofrainwaterthereafteritfallsinspring.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19.Winteristhetoughestseasonforgrassesandflowerstosurviveindesert

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20.Theshootsystemofperennialscanhelptheplantsabsorblessofthesun's

ray.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21.Thethemeofthesecondlastparagraphiswhytheperennialscansurviveas

plantsforseveralyears.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22.Desertperennialslosetheirleavesaftertherainyseasonjustastreeslose

theirsinwetterclimatesbeforewinterarrives,butthereasonsforthisfeatureare

different.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

【参考答案】

16.B17.A18.A19.C20.B21.A22.B

职称英语考试理工类阅读判断练习题（17）

NewProductWillSaveLives

16GeneraTechnologieshasdevelopedamethodthatdetermineswhether

waterisclean.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

19Eachofthetestscosts$42,500.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

20GeneraTechnologiesorders25moretestsbeforetheendoftheyear.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

21TheBritishgovernmentishelpingDrPartontosellthetestsabroad.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

22Generahasincreasedthenumberofitsemployeesrecently.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

参考答案：

16A本题的意思是：Genera技术公司研制出一种方法，这种方法可以确定

水是否是清洁的。题句的意思与原文第二句相符，故选A。

17C本题的意思是：在成立Genera公司之前，Parton曾在一家英国水厂工

作。原文中并没有提到公司成立前Parton是否在一家英国水厂工作，故选C。

18B本题可译为：这种新产品在美国获得了商业上的巨大成功。原文的意

思是预计该产品在美国会卖得很好，还没在美国上市呢。本题句的意思与原文不

符，故选B。

19A本题可译为：这种测试产品每件售价42500美元。同原文意思相符,

故选Ao

20B本题可译为：年底前，Genera公司又订购了25件这种测试产品。Genera

公司本身是卖这种测试产品的，不是它又订购了25件这种产品。与原文意思相

反，故选Bo

21C本题的意思是：英国政府正帮助Parton销售这种产品。原文根本没有

提到这一信息，故选C。

22A本题可译为：最近，Genera的雇员增加了。见原文最后一段，原来公

司里有5位雇员，现在增加到14位，故选A。

职称英语考试理工类阅读判断练习题(16)

Micro-chipresearchcentercreated

Aresearchcenterhasbeensetupinthisfar-eastcountrytodevelopadvanced

micro-chipproductiontechnology.Thecenter,whichwillstartoutwithabout

US$14million,willhelpthecountrydevelopitschipindustrywithoutalways

dependingonimportedtechnology.

Thecenterwillmakeuseofitsresearchskillsandfacilitiestodevelopnew

technologyfordomesticchipplants.Theadventofthecenterwillpossiblyfreethe

countryfromthesituationthatitisalwaysbuyingalmost-outdatedtechnologies

fromothercountries,saidthecountry/sflagshipchipmaker.Currently,chipplantsin

thiscountryareinapassivesituationbecausemanyforeigngovernmentsdon'tallow

themtoimportthemostadvancedtechnologies,fearingtheywillbeusedformilitary

purposes.Moreover,thehighlicensingfeestheyhavetopaytotechnologyprovider

arealsoanimportantreasonfortheirdecisionofself-reliance.

Asmainstreamchipproductiontechnologyshiftsfromonegenerationtothe

nexteverythreetofiveyears,plantswithnewtechnologycanmakemorepowerful

chipsatlowercosts,whileplantswithout-datedequipment,whichoftencostbillions

ofdollarstobuild,willbemarginalizedbythemaker.

Morethan10chipplantsarebeingbuilt,eachcostingmillionsofU.S.dollars,

themajorityofthatmoneygoestooverseasequipmentvendorsandtechnology

owners-mainlyfromJapanandSingapore.

练习：

1.ThecountrysaysthattheinvestmentofUS$14millionisbigenoughfor

developingthatcountry7chipindustry.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

2.Thatcountrygivestopprioritiestodevelopingchipsformilitarypurposes.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

3.Althoughthelicensingfeesarenotveryhigh,thatfar-eastcountrycannot

affordtopay.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

4.Manywesterncountriesbantheexportingofthemostadvancedchip-making

technologiestothatcountrytopreventthemfrombeingusedformilitarypurposes.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

5.Currently,almostalltheflagshipchipmakersinthatcountryareownedby

Americaninvestors.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

6.Mainstreamchipproductiontechnologydeveloprapidly.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

7.Morethan10chipplantsbeingbuiltinthatcountryareanexampleof

self-reliance.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

参考答案：

IB分析：利用题干中的特征词US$14million作为答案线索，这样发现答案

相关句：Thecenter,whichwillstartoutwithaboutUS$14million„willhelpthe

countrydevelopitschipindustrywithoutalwaysdependingonimported

technology.（该句句意不足以说明问题句是否正确）

Morethan10chipplantsarebeingbuilt,eachcostingmillionsofU.S.dollars.

Themajorityofthatmoneygoestooverseasequipmentvendors（卖主）and

technologyowners-mainlyfromJapanandSingapore.

Shouldthenewcenterplayamajorroleinimprovingthesituationinthe

industry,thecountryadmitstheUS$14millioninvestmentisstillrathersmall,（the

situationintheindustry的指代内容是解题关键，而前句中提到的是chipindustry

的发展，因此判断"thesituationintheindustry"就是指"芯片工业的发展情况"，

所以根据该句的句意（1400万美圆的投资仍然是很小数目的投资）判断问题句的

说法不正确。）

2.C.分析：以题干中的核心结构militarypurposes和toppriorities作为答案线

索（同时注意文章中出现的这些线索结构的近义/反义结构），于是发现相关句：

Currently,chipplantsinthiscountryareinapassivesituationbecausemanyforeign

governmentsdon/tallowthemtoimportthemostadvancedtechnologies,fearing

theywillbeusedformilitarypurposes.

发现答案相关句中没有谈到"优先发展用于军事目的的芯片"，因此判断问题

句的说法为"没提到"。

3.C.分析：利用题干中的核心结构licensingfees（执照费）作为答案线索（因为

该词是特定的表达，所以可以在文章中只查找该词），查找答案相关句：Moreover,

thehighlicensingfees（与“arenotveryhigh"不矛盾）theyhavetopaytotechnology

providerarealsoanimportantreasonfortheirdecisionofself-reliance.发现相关句

的内容中只涉及到了问题句中的部分内容（有关执照费用的高低问题），而问题句

中提到的"cannotaffordtopay（没能力支付）”在文章中没有对应的内容，因此判断

问题句的说法为“没提到〃。

4.A.分析：该题所涉及到的相关句在第2题中已经出现了：Currently,chip

plantsinthiscountryareinapassivesituationbecausemanyforeigngovernments

don'tallowthemtoimportthemostadvancedtechnologies,fearingtheywillbe

usedformilitarypurposes.（许多国外政府不允许他们进口最先进的技术，因为担

心这些技术将被用于军事目的）根据该句句意判断问题句的说法正确。

5.C.分析：利用题干中的核心词flagshipchipmakers作为答案线索，这样在

文章中找到答案相关句：Theadvent（出现，到来）ofthecenterwillpossiblyfreethe

countryfromthesituationthatitisalwaysbuyingalmost-outdatedtechnologies

fromothercountries,saidthecountry'sflagshipchipmaker.文章中涉及至Uflagship

chipmaker的句子并没有说flagshipchipmaker是由美国投资者所拥有，可见文章

中的答案相关句中根本没有反映出问题句中的信息，因此判断该问题句的为没提

到。

6.A.分析：利用题干中的核心词Mainstreamchip作为答案线索，这样在文

章中找至I」相关句：Asmainstreamchipproductiontechnologyshiftsfromone

generationtothenexteverythreetofiveyears,该句含义是“主流芯片生产技术每

3年到5年就会进行更新换代”，根据该句句意判断问题句的说法“正确〃。

7.B.分析：利用题干中的特殊结构-数量词（10chipplants）作为答案线索，这

样发现答案相关句：Morethan10chipplantsarebeingbuilt,eachcostingmillionsof

U.S.dollars.Themajorityofthatmoneygoestooverseasequipmentvendorsand

technologyowners-mainlyfromJapanandSingapore.从相关句中得出的结论恰恰

是“依靠他人"，而不是"依靠自己〃，因此判断问题句的说法错误。

职称英语考试理工类阅读判断练习题(13)

APayRiseorNot?

"UnlessIgetarise,I'llhaveatalkwiththeboss,HenryManley/'GeorgeStrong

saidtohimself.Georgelikedhisjobandhelikedthetownhelivedin,buthiswife

kepttellinghimthathispaywasnotenoughtomeettheneedsofthefamily.That

waswhyhewasthinkingoftakingajobinBirmingham,anearbycity,about50miles

away.Hehadbeenofferedajobinafactorythere,andthepaywasfarbetter.

GeorgelivedinWyeford,amedium-sizedtown.Hereallylikedtheplaceand

didn'tliketheideaofmovingsomewhereelse,butifhetookthejobinBirmingham,

hewouldhavetomovehisfamilythere.

1HenryManleywasalreadydeeplyindebt.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

2ThejobthathadbeenofferedtoGeorgeinBirminghampaidbetter.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

3IfGeorgetookthejobinBirmingham,hewouldhavetoleavehisfamilyat

Wyeford.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

6HenryManleyhadnoideaatallwhyGeorgeStrongwantedtoseehim.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

【参考答案】1.C2.A3.B4.A5.B6.B7.C

职称英语考试理工类阅读判断练习题(12)

UsingHIVVirustoCureCancer

Scientistsareplanningtousehumanimmunodeficiency(免疫缺陷)virus(HIV),

oneofmankind'smostfearedviruses,asacarrierofgeneswhichcanfightcancer

andarangeofdiseasesthatcannotbecured.TheexpelssayHIVhasanalmost

perfectabilitytoavoidthebody'simmune(免疫的)defenses,makingitidealfor

carryingreplacementgenesintopatients'bodies,accordingtotheObservef

AteamattheCalifornia-basedSalkInstitute,oneoftheworld'sleadingresearch

centersonbiologicalsciences,hascreatedaspecialnewbreedofHIVandhasstarted

negotiationswiththeU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)tobeginclinicalgene

therapy(治疗)trialsthisyear.Thefirsttrialsareexpectedtoinvolvepatientssuffering

fromcancersthatcannotbecuredbysurgeryalthoughprojectleaderProfessorInder

VermasaidtheHIVtechniquewouldhave"farwiderapplications".

Theplanremainsverylikelytocausecontroversysinceitinvolvesmakinguseof

aviruswhichhascausedmorethan22milliondeathsaroundtheworldinthepast

twodecades.VermasaidthattheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurpose

was"shocking"butthefiercenatureofHIVhaddisappearedbyhavingallsixofthe

potentiallydeadlygenesremoved.

Illnessessuchasvariouscancersarecausedwhenageneinapatient'sbodyfails

toworkproperly.lnthepasttwoyears,breakthroughsingenetics（遗传学）haveled

genetherapyscientiststotryandreplacethegenesthatdonotfunctionnormally.

Unfortunately.thebody'simmunedefenseshavebeenknowntoattackthe

modifiedgenesandmakethemlosetheireffectsbeforetheycanstarttheirtaskand

progressinthefieldhasbeenheldupbythelackofasuitablecarrier.

TheHIVvirushastheabilitytoescapefr0moandthendestroy,theImmune

defense

cellsdesignedtoprotectourbodiesandthismakesitattractivetoscientistsasa

wayof

secretlyconveyingreplacementgenesintopatients'bodies.

l.FDAhasapprovedtheplanofusingHIVtocurecancerinhumans

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

2.TheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposehasbeenwidelyaccepted

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

3.HIVcanbesafelyusedtocurecanceronlyifthedeadlygeneshavebeen

removed

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

4.TheHIVvirusisanexcellentwarriortofightthebody'simmunecells

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

5.Othercountriesarealsoexpectedtobeginclinicalgenetherapytrialssoon

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

6.ItisthelackofmoneythathashelduDtheprogressinusingreplacement

genestocurecancen

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

7.TheHIVvirushascausedmoredeathsindevelopedcountries

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

答案：1.B2,B3.A4.A5.C6.B7.C

职称英语考试理工类阅读判断习题3

TheaverageBritishwoman'swaistlinehasgrownby2inchesin10years,all

thankstothesedentary（久坐的）lifestyle.

AstudyconductedbyCancerResearchUKscientistsfoundthattheaverage

waistlineofBritishwomenhasincreasedfrom31.8inchesto33.5inches.

Menarealsonowherebehindthefairersex,fortheresearchfoundthatthe

averageman'swaistlinehasgrownby1.4inchesto38inches.

"Weknowhighbodyweightincreasestheriskofanumberofcancersanditis

importantwegetthismessageouttoasmanypeopleaspossible//theDailyMail

quotedDrLesleyWalker,ofCancerResearchUK,assaying.

"Ahealthydietwithplentyoffiber,fruitandvegetables,aswellasregular

exercisecanhelppeopleloseweightandreducetheirriskofcancer/7headded.

Thetrendwasfoundtobedominantintheunder45s,wheretheproportionof

menwithabodymassindex（体重指数）over35,andofwomenwithaBMIofover40,

hasgrowntwo-foldduringthedecade.

LeadresearcherProfessorJaneWardlesaiditispossiblethatyoungpeople

followalesshealthylifestylethantheirelders.

Sheaddedthatgeneticsalsoplayavitalroleinthegrowingrateofobesity.

1.Britishwomen/swaistlinewouldhavegrownmorethan2inchesiftheydidn't

spendtoomuchtimesitting

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:B

解析:该题说的是：如果不久坐，英国女性的腰围增长就会超过2英寸。文章

提到了英国女性腰围增长2英寸就是因为她们久坐。因此错误

2.TheexactincreaseoftheaveragewaistlineofBritishwomenis1.7inches

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:A

解析:该题说的是：确切地说，英国女性腰围长了1.7英寸。第二段提到英国

女性的腰围从31.8英寸涨到33.5英寸。因此正确

3.Men'swaistlinehasgrownbecausetheyhaveeatentoomanyhamburgers

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:C

解析:该题说的是：男人的腰围增长是因为他们吃了太多的汉堡包。文中并没

有提到。

4.DrWalkerbelievestheheavierthebodyis,thehigherriskthereisofcancers

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:A

解析:该题说的是：沃克认为体重越大，患癌症的风险越高。原文第四段提到

了体重的增长增加患癌症的风险。

5.Peopleover45aremostlikelytohavehighbodyweight

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:B

解析:该题说的是：45岁以上的人更有可能超重。第五段提到了45岁以上的

人体重指数增加明显。注意under45s是指45岁以下的人。

6.Youngpeoplefollowahealthierlifestylethantheirparents

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:B

解析:该题说的是：年轻人遵循比他们的长辈更健康的生活方式。从倒数第二

段可以得出年轻人吃快餐，外带食品，工作于休闲的时间同样久坐电脑前，这些

都是比他们的长辈更加不健康的生活方式。所以题干的说法是错误的。

7.Wardlebelievesgeneticshavenothingtodowithobesity

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确答案:B

解析:该题说的是：沃尔德认为基因遗传与肥胖无关。最后一段提到了基因在

提高肥胖几率方面起重要作用。因此该句的表述错误

职称英语考试理工类阅读判断练习题（7）

TVGameShows

Oneofthemostfascinatingthingsabouttelevisionisthesizeoftheaudience.A

novelcanbeonthe"bestseller"listswithasaleoffewerthan100,000copies,buta

popularTVshowmighthave70millionTVviewers.TVcanmakeanythingoranyone

well-knownovernight.

Thisistheprinciplebehind"quiz"or"game"shows,whichputordinarypeople

onTVtoplayagameforprizesandmoney.Aquizshowcanmakeanyoneastar,and

itcangiveawaythousandsofdollarsintheU.S.andalmosteveryonewatchedthem.

CharlesVanDoren,anEnglishinstructor,becamerichandfamousafterwinning

moneyonseveralshows.Heevenhadacareerasatelevisionpersonality.Butoneof

thelosersprovedthatCharlesVanDorenwascheating.Itturnedoutthattheshow's

producerswhowerepullingthestrings,gavetheanswerstothemostpopular

contestantsbeforehand.Why?Becauseiftheaudiencedidn'tlikethepersonwho

wonthegame,theyturnedtheshowoff.Theresultofthischeatingwasahuge

scandal.Basedonhisstory,amovieunderthetitle"QuizShow"ison40yearslater.

CharlesVanDorenisnolongerinvolvedwithTV.Butgameshowsarestillhere,

thoughtheyaren'ttakenasseriously.Infact,someofthemtrytobeasridiculousas

possible.Thereareshowsthatsendstrangersonvacationtripstogether,orthattry

tocausenewly-marriedcouplestofightonTV,orthatpunishlosersbyhumiliation

them.TheentertainmentnowistoseewhatpeoplewilldojusttobeonTV.People

stillwinmoney,buttherealprizeistobeinfrontofanaudienceofmillions.

1.TVcanmakeabeggarworld-famousovernight.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

2.Theprinciplebehind"quiz"and"game"showsistoputordinarypeopleonTV

toplayagameforprizesandmoney.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

4.OneoftheTVpersonalities,CharlesVanDorenwasprovedtobecheatingby

persuadingtheShow'sproducerstogivehimtheanswersbeforehand.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

5.ThehugescandalofcheatinginTVgameshowswasnotexposeduntil40

yearslaterinthemovie"QuizShow".

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

6.Nowadaysgameshowsarenottreatedasseriouslyastheyusedtobe.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

7.Winnersofpresent-dayTVgameshowsnolongergetmoneyfromtheshows.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：ABCBBAB

职称英语考试理工类阅读判断练习题（20）

Sleeping

Scientistshavenoexplanationforthefindingsanddonotknowiftheymean

peoplewholikealie.in（睡懒觉）Canextendtheirlivesbysleepingless..

“Individualswhonowaverage6.5hoursofsleepanightCanbereassuredthat

thisisasafeamountofsleep.Fromahealthstandpoint.,thereisnoreasontosleep

longer/7saidDanielKripke，aprofessorofpsychiatry（精神病学）attheUniversityof

California,SanDiego.

Dr.Kripkesaid/'Wedon/tknowiflongsleepperiodsleadtodeath.Additional

studiesareneededtodetermineifsettingyouralarmclockearlierwillactually

improveyourhealth/7

Thescientists.whowerefundedbytheAmericanCancerSociety,found-也atthe

bestsurvivalrateswereamongthemenandwomenwhosleptforsevenhoursa

night.Thosewhosleptforeighthourswere12percentmorelikelytodieduringtile

six—yearperiodofthestudy,whenotherfactorssuchasdietandsmokingwere

takenintoaccount.

Eventhosewhospentamerefivehoursanightinbedlivedlongerthanthose

whoslepteightormorehours.However,anincreasingdeathratewasfoundamong

thosewhosleptforlessthanfivehours.

Dr.Kripkesaid/'Previoussleepstudieshaveindicatedthatbothshort-and

long-duration（持续时间）sleephadhighermortalityrates.However,noneofthose

studieswerelargeenoughtodistinguishthedifferencebetweensevenandeight

hoursanight,untilflow?"

l.MorethanI'lmillionAmericansparticipatedinthesix-yearstudy.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确的答案是:A

2.AlltheparticipantswerefromthestateofCalifornia.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确的答案是:C

3.Thestudyshowsthatthelongeryousleepeachnight,thelongeryou/lllive.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确的答案是：B

4.Thefindingsindicatethatitisallrighttosleepfor6.5hoursanight.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确的答案是:A

5.Mostoftheparticipantssleptfor7hoursanightduringthestudy.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确的答案是:C

6.Sleepingforlessthan5hourseachnightisbetterthansleepingfor5hours

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确的答案是:B

7.Thestudywasthefirsttotellthedifferencebetween7and8hoursofsleepa

night

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

正确的答案是:A

职称英语考试理工类阅读判断练习题（3）

UsingHIVVirustoCureCancer

Scientistsareplanningtousehumanimmunodeficiency（免疫缺陷）virus（HIV）,

oneofmankind/smostfearedviruses,asacarrierofgeneswhichcanfightcancer

andarangeofdiseasesthatcannotbecured.TheexpertssayHIVhasanalmost

perfectabilitytoavoidthebody'simmune（免疫的）defenses,makingitidealfor

carryingreplacementgenesintopatients/bodies,accordingtotheObserver.

AteamattheCalifornia-basedSalkInstitute,oneoftheworld'sleadingresearch

centersonbiologicalsciences,hascreatedaspecialnewbreedofHIVandhasstarted

negotiationswiththeU>S>FoodandDrugAdministration（FDA）tobeginclinicalgene

therapy（治疗）trialsthisyear.Thefirsttrialsareexpectedtoinvolvepatients

sufferingfromcancersthatcannotbecuredbysurgeryalthoughprojectleader

ProfessorInderVermasaidtheHIVtechniquewouldhave“farwiderapplications77.

Theplanremainsverylikelytocausecontroversysinceitinvolvesmakinguseof

aviruswhichhascausedmorethan22milliondeathsaroundtheworldinthepast

twodecades.VermasaidthattheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposewas

“shocking“butthefiercenatureofHIVhaddisappearedbyhavingallsixofthe

potentiallydeadlygenesremoved.

Illnessessuchasvariouscancersarecausedwhenageneinapatientsbodyfails

toworkproperly.Inthepasttwoyears,breakthroughsingenetics（遗传学）haveled

genetherapyscientiststotryandreplacethegenesthatdonotfunctionnormally.

Unfortunately,thebody/simmunedefenseshavebeenknowntoattackthe

modifiedgenesandmakethemlosetheireffectsbeforetheycanstarttheirtaskand

progressinthefieldhasbeenheldupbythelackofasuitablecarrier.

TheHIVvirushastheabilitytoescapefrom,andthendestroy,theimmune

defensecellsdesignedtoprotectourbodiesandthismakesitattractivetoscientists

asawayofsecretlyconveyingreplacementgenesintopatients'bodies.

16FDAhasapprovedtheplanofusingHIVtocurecancerinhumans.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

17TheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposehasbeenwidelyaccepted.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

18HIVcanbesafelyusedtocurecanceronlyifthedeadlygeneshavebeen

removed.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

19TheHIVvirusisanexcellentwarriortofightthebody'simmunecells.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

20Othercountriesarealsoexpectedtobeginclinicalgenetherapytrialssoon.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

21Itisthelackofmoneythathashelduptheprogressinusingreplacement

genestocurecancer.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

22TheHIVvirushascausedmoredeathsindevelopedcountries.

ARight

BWrong

CNotmentioned

答案：16.B17.B18.A19.A20.C21.B22.C

职称英语考试理工类阅读判断练习题(6)

SpareaKidney?

Therearemanyreasons.First,it\'spossibletoliveanormallifewithonlyone

kidney.(Theremainingkidneyenlargestomakeupmostofthedifference.)In

additionakidneyfromalivedonorlastslongerthanakidneytakenfromsomeone

whohasdiedsuddenly.Butthebiggestchangeinthepastfewyearsisthat

transplantsurgeonshavestartedusinglaparoscopictechniquestoremovethedonor

kidneythroughamuchsmallerincision,andthiscancutrecoverytimeforthedonor

fromsixweekstofourweeks.

Justbecauseyoudosomething,however,itdoesn\'tmeanyoushould.Donating

akidneymeansundergoinganoperationthatcarriessomerisk.Youcouldarguethat

youmaybehelpingtosavealife,butyoucertainlycan\'tpretendthatyou\'rebetter

offwithonekidneyinsteadoftwo.

So,whataretherisks?"Aswithanymajoroperation,thereisachanceofdying,

ofreoperationduetobleeding,ofinfection,ofveinclotsinthelegsoraherniaatthe

incision/'saysDr.ArthurMatas,directoroftherenal-transplantprogramatthe

universityofMinnesotaMedicalCenterinMinneapolis.Evenlaparoscopy,arelatively

newtechniqueforkidneydonation,isnotrisk-free.Doctorsestimatethatchancesof

dyingfromtheprocedureareabout3in10,000.

There\'snomoneytobemade;sellinganorganisillegal.Buttherecipient\'s

insurancenormallycoversyouroperationandimmediateaftercare.Yourcostscan

includehotelbills,lostpayduringrecoveryorpossiblefuturedisability.

Neverletanyone,notevenacloserelative,pressureyouintogivingupanorgan

~nomatterifyou\'rehealthy."There\'softenthefeelingthatyou\'renotagood

friend,father,motherifyoudon\'tdothis/'saysArthusCaplan,directorofthe

UniversityofPennsylvania\'scenterforBioethics.Sometransplantcenterswillinvent

a"medicalproblem"onbehalfofthosewhoarereluctanttodonatebutfeelthey

can\'tsayno.

1.From1994to1998thenumberofAmericanswhohaddonatedakidney

reached244.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

2.Oneofthereasonswhythenumberofkidneydonorshasrisenisthatoneis

betteroffwithonekidneyinsteadoftwo.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

3.Yodon\'thavetobedeadtodonateakidney,butyouhadbetterknowthe

risksbeforeyougiveitup.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

4.NoneoftheAmericanswhodonatesakidneyduringtheperiodlastingfrom

1994to1998diedfromtheprocedure.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

5.NoonesellsorgansintheU.S.sinceitisillegal.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

6.Peoplewithheartdisease,diabetesandhighpressurearenotsuitablefor

kidneydonation.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

7.Some