职称英语模拟考题

第1部分：词汇选择（第1〜15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有一个词或短语有下划线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选

项。

1.Wetriedtorestrictourconversationtoargumentsrelevanttothetopic.

A.put

B.suit

C.confine

D.resort

2.Thereisatendencytoconsiderchildlesswomenasbeinghardandcareer-orie

ntated.

A.use

B.make

C.believe

D.regard

3.Thewaterinthispartoftheriverhasbeencontaminatedbysewage.

A.polluted

B.darkened

C.mixed

D.blackened

4.Don,tbesoinnocentastobelieveeverythingtheadvertisementssay.

A.ignorant

B.illiterate

C.simple

D.stupid

5.Hecomprehendsthetheoryofrelativity.

A.learns

B.teaches

C.understands

D.investigates

6.Hedonated1,000RMBtothosefloodvictimslastyear.

A.allocated

B.distributed

C.sacrificed

D.presented

7.IwassoexcitedtoseesnowthatIwasindifferenttothecold.

A.careless

B.unconcerned

C.irritated

D.annoying

8.Wehavemetwithsomeunexpecteddifficulties.

A.changed

B.overcome

C.solved

D.encountered

9.Johnhasalwaysremainedloyaltohisfamilyandfriends.

A.friendly

B.faithful

C.hostile

D.objective

10.Hemaintainedthattheopinionwaswrong.

A.emphasized

B.repaired

C.insisted

D.helped

11.Thedaggerhaspenetratedhisstomachthroughhiscoat.

A.damaged

B.wentby

C.wounded

D.entered

12.Inthedarkness,thehunterperceivedthatsomethingwasmovinginthebushe

s.

A.discovered

B.realized

C.saw

D.sensed

13.Istheclockinthetoweraccurate?

A.correct

B.new

C.old

D.wrong

14.Heisaccustomedtoworkinghard.

A.anxious

B.likely

C.used

D.willing

15.Themailwasdelayedforaweekbecauseoftheflood.

A.helddown

B.heldin

C.heldoff

D.heldon

第2部分：阅读判断（第16〜22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后，列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提

供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没

有提及，请选择C。

Drugs

Doctors,sixtyyearsago,coulddolittletohelpvictimsofpolio.Serious

casesusuallyendedindeath.In1955,avaccinewasdevelopedthatprevented

thedisease.Today,polioisnolongeramajorhealthproblem.

Manyofthemostimportantdrugsthatdoctorsprescribetodayhavebeendev

elopedinthelast30years.Moderndrugsarecomplex,specificandpowerful.P

eopleneedtoknowmoreaboutdrugsinordertousethemsafely.

Earlypeoplediscoveredbyaccidentthatsomeoftheplantsgrowingaround

themseemedusefultohealsores,relievepainorevencurediseases.Thesepla

ntswerethefirstdrugs.Nowplantsarestillthesourceofsomedrugs.Quinin

e,forexample,isabitter-tastingdrugusedtotreatthechillsandfeverof

malariaandtoreduceattacksofthedisease.Itismadefromthebarkofthec

inchonatree,whichgrowsintheAndesMountains.TheIndiansofthatregionwe

rethefirsttousethebarkasamedicine.TheSpanishpeopleprobablybrought

ittoEuropeintheearly1600s.Chemistslearnedhowtogetthepuredrugfro

mthebark.Andin1944,itwasmadeartificiallyinthelaboratory.

Otherimportantdrugs,suchashormonesandvaccines,areobtainedfromani

mals.Butmostofthemoderndrugscomefromchemicalcombinationsworkedoutb

yresearchscientists.Mostpeopleneverseedrugsintheirsimpleformaschem

icals.Instead,theyareseenastablets,capsulesorliquidsthatcontainthe

drugandotheringredients.

Peopleusedrugstogetdifferentresults.Somedrugsattacktheorganismt

hatcausesadisease.Theycurebykillingtheorganism.Otherdrugsrelievewh

atwecallthesymptomsofthedisease:theheadache,pain,fever,orchills,a

ndmakethepatientmorecomfortable.Theseconstitutemostover-the-counterdr

ugs.Peoplecangetthemindrugstores.

16.Themainideaofthispassageisthedevelopmentofdrugs.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

17.Todaypoliodisappearsinthatpolioisnolongerahealthproblem.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

18.Itseemstotheauthorthatthemedicineusedbyearlypeoplewasprobab

lyeffective.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

19.TheSpanishfirstlearnedhowtousedquinineasamedicine.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

20.Hormonesareobtainedfromanimals.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

21.Peoplecanusedrugsintwoaspects,suchascuringcancerandrelieving

headache.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

22.Theuover-the-counterdrugs“arethosethatpatientscangetwithoutd

octors,prescriptions.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23〜30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有两项测试任务：（1）第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每

段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

TheProcessesofImmunity

1Immunitycanbedefinedasthepowerofanindividualtoresistoroverco

metheeffectsofaparticulardiseaseorsomeotherharmfulagent.Sometimest

hewords“immunity”and“resistance“areusedinterchangeably;butitismo

reaccuratetothinkofimmunityasaprocesswhichcausestheeffectofthein

vadingbacteriatobeunabletoworkbeforetheyhavehadachancetosetupan

infection.

2Thechemicalprocessesthatproduceimmunitybceandescribedbrieflyas

follows.Everydisease-producingbacteriumthatentersthebodycarrieswithin

itselfasubstance.

3Theseantibodiesdestroythepoisonoussubstanceofthedisease-producing

bacteria,orelseactontheminawaythatwillmakethebacteriamoresensit

ivetotheactionofthewhitebloodcellsorotherphagocytes.Antigensvaryi

ntheirchemicalstructureandspecificantigenwillstimulatethebodytoprod

uceonlyaspecificantibodyinresponsetoit.

4Theantibody,then,willreactonlywiththekindofantigenthatcaused

itsproductionandnoother.Thisisthereasonfortheselectivenatureofimm

unitysothatimmunitytoonediseasedoesnotnecessarilycauseapersontobe

immunetoanother.Indeed,itispossibletohaveimmunitytoonediseaseand

sensitivity,itsopposite,toadifferentdisease.Soitisusefultoconsider

immunityasaselectiveprocess.Thisselectivecharacteristichasaname;spec

ificity.

5Therearetwomaingroupsofimmunity:inheritedimmunityandacquiredim

munity.Thissecondtypemaybeacquiredbynaturalorartificialmeans.Inadd

ition,anacquiredimmunitymaybeeitheractiveorpassive.

23.Paragraph2.

24.Paragraph3____.

25.Paragraph4.

26.Paragraph5.

A.TheDefinitionofImmunity

B.TheProcessofAntibodies

C.TheFunctionsofAntibodies

D.TheSpecificCharacterofImmunity

E.TwoTypesofImmunity

F.TheFunctionsofImmunity

27.Antibodieswereproducedwhen.

28.Theantibodywillreactonlywith

29.Twomaingroupsofimmunityare.

30.Naturalorartificialmeansacquire.

A.inheritedimmunityandacquiredimmunity

B.theantigenisintroducedintothebody

C.acquiredimmunity

D.specifiedimmunity

E.antigensvaryintheirchemicalstructure.

F.Thekindofantigenthatcauseditsproductionandnoother

第4部分：阅读理解（第31〜45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每道题确定一个最佳选项。

第一篇

BloodTestMayDetectCancerEarly

Anewbloodtestmaysomedaymakeitpossiblefordoctorstodiagnosecance

revenbeforeapatientdevelopssymptoms.

Thenewtest,developedbyDrJonathanW.UhroftheUniversityofTexasan

dhiscolleagues,issosensitivethatitcandetectonecancercellinamiHi

literofblood.

“Cancercellsareshedfromaprimarytumorearlyinthelifehistoryoft

hetumor,“Uhrexplained."Thesheddingofthesecellscanbeusedasascree

ningtest,potentially,forearlytumors.”

Toidentifyepithelialcells----cellsassociatedwith80%ofcancers----

amongothercellsintheblood,Uhr'steammixedironparticlesintobloodsa

mples.Theparticleswerecoatedwithsubstancesthatreactwithepithelialcel

Isandcausedthemtoseparatefromredandwhitebloodcells.Then,underala

serbeam,epithelialcellsappearedtobeadifferentcolorfromotherbloodce

Ils,andtheresearcherscouldcountthemusingamicroscope.

Uhrandhiscolleaguesusedthismethodtotestbloodfrom30patientswith

breastcancer,3patientswithprostatecancer,and13healthysubjects.Sampl

esfromcancerpatientsshowedsignificantlymoreepithelialcellsthansamples

fromhealthysubjects.Theresearchteamfoundepithelialcellseveninmostc

asesofearlydisease,includingsamplesfrom12ofthe14patientswhosebreas

tcancerhadnotspreadbeyondthebreast.

Inaseparatestudy,theinvestigatorstestedbloodsamplesfromeightpati

entswithbreastcancer,atvariousintervalsover1to10months.Itshowedth

atthenumberofcancercellsisthebloodfellordisappearedduringchemother

apyandroseagainiftumorsgrewagain.

“Atthistime,webelievethemostimportanttestoftheusefulnessofour

methodistoscreenforearlydetectionofcancersinthegeneralpopulation,v

Uhr'sgroupconcluded.

“Anotherobjectivewouldbetobeabletopredict,“saidUhr."Wewantt

obeabletodeterminewhenthesetumorcellsinthebloodareaggressive,and

treatmentisneeded,versuswhenthisisasheddingthatisharmless.Butitwi

11takemany,manyyearsandmanypatientstodeterminethat.”

31.Dr.Uhr,snewtestcanbeusedtofindthenumberof

A.ironparticlesinabloodsample.

B.epithelialcellsinabloodsample.

C.bloodcellsinabloodsample.

D.tumorsinahumanbody.

32.Uhr,steammixedironparticlesintobloodsamples

A.toidentifyredbloodcells.

B.toseparateepithelialcellsfromredandwhitebloodcells.

C.toidentifywhitebloodcells.

D.toidentifythecolorofcancers.

33.Inanotherstudy,Dr.Uhrandhiscolleaguesfoundthatthepatients,e

pithelialcells

A.wouldincreaseifthesepatients,conditionturnedbetter.

B.woulddecreaseifthesepatients'conditionturnedbetter.

C.didn,tchangeinnumber.

D.hadnothingtodowithchemotherapy.

34.ForDr.Uhrandhiscolleagues,atpresent,itismostimportantto

A.detectbreastcanceramongwomen.

B.detectprostatecanceramongmen.

C.detectcancersintheirearlystageamongpeopleingeneral.

D.findouthowmanypeoplehavebeenscreenedforpossiblecancers.

35.WhatDr.Uhrsaidindicatesthatheandhiscolleaguesarenotsureyet

A.howtokillaggressivetumorcells.

B.howtotellanaggressivetumorcellfromaharmlessshedding.

C.ifaggressivetumorcellsexist.

D.iftheirmethodisuseful.

弟一•扁

DoPatientsTrustDoctorsTooMuch?

Earlierthisyear,theAmericanCollegeofSurgeons,thenationalscientifi

candeducationalorganizationofsurgeons,conductedanationwidesurveythat

foundthattheaveragepatientdevotesanhourorlesstoresearchinghisorhe

rsurgeryorlesstoresearchinghissurgeryorsurgeon.Whileprospectivepati

entsworryaboutthecostsorcomplicationsofanoperation,theydon，tnecessa

rilylookforinformationthatwouldaddresstheirconcerns.

Infact,morethanathirdofpatientswhohadanoperationinthelastfiv

eyearsneverreviewedthecredentialsofthesurgeonwhooperated.Patientsar

emorelikelytospendtimeresearchingajobchange(onaverage,about10hour

s)oranewcar(8hours)thantheoperationtheyareabouttosubmittoorthe

surgeonwhowieldstheknife.Andmanypatientsaresatisfiedwiththeanswers

theyreceivefromtheirsurgeonorprimarycaredoctor,whoeverthoseindividu

alshappentome.

Ifeltcuriousaboutthesurvey,soIcalledDr.ThomasRussell,executive

directoroftheAmericanCollegeofSurgeons."Thereisatendencyforpatients

nottogetparticularlyinvolvedandnottofeelcompelledtolookintotheir

surgeryorsurgeons,〃hetoldme.

Thereareconsequencestothatkindofblindtrust.，zToday,medicineandsu

rgeryarereallyteamsports,Dr.Russellcontinued,andthepatient,astheul

timatedecisionmaker,isthemostimportantmemberoftheteam.Mistakescanh

appinessandparentshavetobeeducatedandmustunderstandwhatisgoingon.

Inotherwords,ahealthydoctor-patientrelationdosenotsimplyentail

goodbedsidemannersandresponsibleofficemanagementonthedoctor.Italsor

equiresthatpatientscometotherelationshipeducatedabouttheirdoctors,t

heirillnessandtheirtreatment.

〃IfwearetrulygoingtoreformthehealthcaresystemintheU.S・,〃Dr.R

ussellsaid,''everybodyhastoparticipateactivelyandmusteducatethemselves.

Thatmeansdoctors,nurses,otherhealthcareprofessional,lawyers,pharmaceu

ticalcompanies,andinsurancecompanies.Butmostofall,itmeansthepatient.

〃

Trustisimportant.ButasSirFrancisBacon,whowasamongthefirsttoun

derstandtheimportanceofgatheringdatainscience,onceobserved,knowledge

ispower.

36.Patientsdonotseemtospendenoughtime

A.researchingjobchanges.

B.researchingnewcars.

C.researchingtheirsurgeryorsurgeons.

D.researchingtheAmericanCollegeofSurgeons.

37.Itappearsthatpatientsnowadayshave

A.littletrustintheirdoctors

B.toomuchtrustintheirdoctors

C.toomuchinformationabouttheirdoctors.

D.ahealthyrelationshipwiththeirdoctors.

38.Themostimportantroleinmedicineandsurgeryshouldbeplayed

A.bypharmaceuticalandinsurancecompanies.

B.bydoctorsandnurses.

C.bylawyers.

D.bypatients.

39.It*samistakenideathatahealthydoctor-patientrelationship

A.isagoalthatcanbeachieved.

B.iswhatthepatientdesires.

C.isdependentjustonthedoctor.

D.alsoentailseffortsmadebythepatient

40.TheauthordoesNOTbelievein

A.FrancisBacon.

B.blindtrust.

C.scientificdata.

I),thepowerofknowledge.

第三篇

WheretheJobsAre

Overthepasttwentyyears,manykindsofAmericansmallbusinesseshavebe

engrowingveryfast.Theyhavegraduallyreplacedthemillionsofjobswhichm

anylargecompanieslostattheirhardtimes.Todaysmallcompaniesemploymore

than45millionpeopleintheU.S.Thiscreatesmorethan66percentofallth

enewjobsandaccountsfor39percentofthetotalnationalproduct.

Inthepastfewyears,smallbusinesseshavebecomeamajorforceinmanufa

cturingandinternationaltrade.Today,manyofthecompaniesemployingbetween

50and100peopleexportmorethanthosecompanieswhichprovidealmostallne

wjobswhilefirmsthatproducegoodswillcreatefarfewerjobsthantheydot

oday.ThegovernmentofficeinchargeofthelaborforcepredictsthatmanyAme

ricanworkersingoods-producingindustriesincludingfinance,insurance,healt

handtransportationwillprovide20millionbytheyear2000.Wagesinservice

industrieswillriseabit,butnogreatincreasesareexpected.

Inthefuture,fewerfamilieswillbeabletoaffordtosendtheirchildren

tocollege.In1988,theaverageyearlycostofcollegeeducation,includingb

ooksandroomandboard,rangedfrom$6,000attwo-yearpubliccollegesto$15,

400atprivateuniversities.Withoutfinancialhelp,familiestodayneedanave

rageincomeof$50,000tocoverachild*syearlycostsattwo-yearpubliccoll

egeandabout$95,800forprivateuniversity.Withserviceindustryjobsonthe

rise,butnogreatfinancialhelpexpected,meetingthisgoalwillbecomeincr

easinglydifficultinthefuture.

41.Inthepast20years,manyAmericanworkershavelosttheirjobsin

A.smallcompanies

B.big-sizedfirms

C.serviceindustries

D.insurancecompanies

42.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,becauseoftherapiddevelopmentofs

mallbusinesses,manylargecompanies,ifnotclosed,havehadto

A.gointoproductioninforeigncountries.

B.bereplacedbysmallbusinessesfromabroad.

C.cutdownthewagesoftheirworkers.

D.employfewerworkersthansmallbusinesses.

43.Accordingtothirdparagraph,oneofthereasonswhymanyAmericanswork

inginlargecompanieswilllosetheirjobsinthenextcenturyisthat

A.theyarenotwell-educated.

B.smallbusinessesprovidehighwages.

C.thegoodstheyproducearenotneeded.

D.manyforeignworkerswilltaketheirplaces.

44.Accordingtothepassage,thedevelopmentofU.S.serviceindustrieswil

1dropinthefuturemostprobablybecause

A.over21millionpeoplefromlargecompanieswillworkinserviceindustri

es.

B.therewillbelessfinancialhelpfromthegovernment.

C.jobsfromserviceindustrieswillbeunder-paid.

D.moreparentswillbeunabletopayfortheirchildren'seducation.

45.Accordingtothepassage,thedevelopmentofU.S.serviceindustrieswil

1

A.helpbigcompaniestosurvivetheirhardtimes.

B.donotgoodtotheU.S.internationaltrade.

C.createmorenewjobsbutfewereducationandopportunities.

I),contributelesstothegrowthoftheU.S.exportindustry.

第5部分：补全短文(第46〜50题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其

分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

TheGrowthofCities

Moreandmoreoftheworld'spopulationarelivingintownsorcities,and

(46).Between1920and1960bigcitiesindevelopedcountriesincreasedt

woandhalftimesinsize,butinotherpartsoftheworldthegrowthhasbeen

eighttimestheirsize.

Thesheersizeofgrowthisbadenough,buttherearealsoverydisturbing

sighsoftroubleinthecomparisonofpercentagesofpeoplelivingintownand

percentagesofpeopleworkinginindustry.Duringthenineteenthcenturycities

grewasaresultofthegrowthofindustry.InEuropetheproportionofpeople

livingincitieswasalwayssmallerthantheproportionoftheworkforceworki

nginfactories.Now,however,inthenewlyindustrializedworld,(47):t

hepercentageofpeoplelivingincitiesismuchhigherthanthepercentagewor

kinginindustry.

Withoutabaseofpeopleworkinginindustry,(48),becausethereis

notenoughmoneytobebuildadequatehousesforthepeoplethatlivethere,le

talonethenewarrivals.PeoplearriveinSaoPaulo,forexample,atarateof

150anhour.Therehasbeenlittleopportunitytobuildmaindrainageorwater

supplies,orto(49).

Sothefiguresforthegrowthoftownsandcitiesrepresentproportionalgr

owthofslums,ofunemploymentandunder-employment,(50)andyetthecit

iescontinuetogrowandmillionsfloodintothecitieseveryyear.

A.thespeedatwhichcitiesaregrowinginthelessdevelopedcountriesis

alarming.

B.thesecitiescannotpayfortheirgrowth.

C.thereverseisalmostalwaystrue.

D.agrowthinthenumberofhopelessanddespairingparentsandstarvingc

hildren.

E.thereverseisalmostalwayswrong.

F.providetheservicessuchasrefusedisposalwhichahealthyurbanlife

demands.

第6部分：完形填空(第51〜65题，每题1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定一个最佳选项。

SkinCancerNowTopCanceramongYoungWomeninUK

Melanoma,thedeadliestkindofskincancer,isnowthemostcommoncancer

inyoung51women,thecountry，sleadingcancerorganizationsaidWednesday.Sk

incancerhas52cervicalcancerasthetopcancerstrikingwomenintheir20s,

accordingtothelatestdatafromCancerResearchUnitedKingdom.

Thetrendisparticularly53sinceyoungerpeoplearenotgenerallythosem

ostsusceptibletomelanoma.Ratesofskincancerare54highestinpeopleover

age75.

Butexpertsworrythatincreasingnumbersofyoungerpeoplebeingdiagnosed

withskincancercouldbethe55ofadangeroustrend.Women56their20s

makeupasma