2022-2023年江苏省镇江市大学英语6级大学英语六级模拟考试(含答案)

2022-2023年江苏省镇江市大学英语6级大学英语六级模拟考试(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

ZedaRosenberghasanassumptionthatthelatestmicrobicidesdon'tcausemanysideeffectsbyreasonthatthebodysystem______.

2.

Theauthor'sattitudetowardsonlinechattingis______.

3.

AftertheelectionLauraBushhasbeenmorewillingtoopentheWhiteHouse,butafter9/11sherestricted______.

4.

Afterathoroughinvestigationofwhathappensduringtheearthquake,scientistsuse______toratetheactualdamage.

5.ThecurrentruraldepopulationinEuropeistheresultoflong-termemigrationandindustrialization.

6.

Theexampleofkeepingadailygratitudejournalshowsthat______isveryimportant.

7.

Elephantsmournforthedeadby______.

8.PlanningandPeople

Inallkindsoforganizations--companies,schools,hospitals,etc.--decisionsappearcorrectintheorybutdonotworkinpractice.Therearemanyreasonsforthis.Toillustratetheproblemsinvolvedwewillconsiderfourcaseswheredifferentdecisionshavetobetaken.

CaseNo.1

Themanagerofashippingcompanywasinterestedinusinglargemetalcontainersforthecompany'scargoinsteadofconventionalmethodsofloadingandunloading.Hediscoveredthattheuseofcontainerswaslessexpensiveandquickerthanconventionalmethods.Morecargocouldbesentatonetimeanddelaysonthewaywereshorter.Theonlymajordisadvantage(apartfromtheinitialcostofthecontainers)wasthatnotallshipscouldtakethem.However,themanagerbelievedthathiscompanycouldfindenoughshipsfortheircontainers.Hisplantousecontainerswasadoptedbytheboardofdirectors.Unfortunately,however,itwasneverputintopractice.Thedockersheardabouttheplananddidnotlikeit.Thereasonwasthatthecontainerswouldmakeaboutaquarterofthedockersredundant.Theplanwaskilled.

Thecomparisonofcontainerswithconventionalmethodsisshowninthefollowingtable.

CaseNo.2

Asolarpumpwasbuiltinasmalldesertvillage.Thepumpusedthedesert'smostcommonresource-sunlight,toincreaseitsgreatestnecessity-water.Solarcollectorswereusedtocollectthesun'srays.Flatcollectorscanbestationaryanddonothavemovingpartswhichcanbebrokeninsandstorms.Thesystemusedthe20degreecentigradetemperaturedifferencebetweenthesolarcollectorsandthegroundwatertoworkagasexpansionenginewhichpumpedwaterfromundertheground.

Someofthesocialeffectsofthenewpumpswereplannedfor.Childrenaged6to15usedtobringthewaterfromwells,wheretheymettheoldmenofthevillageandreceivedinformaleducationfromthem.Inordertoreplacethis,aschoolwasalsoincludedintheproject.Buttheprojecthadnotconsideredthetraditionalpowerstructureofthevillage.Assoonastheforeignexpertsleft,thetworichestmeninthevillagetookcontrolofthepumpandstartedsellingwatertoeveryoneelse.Theresultwasthatthemajorityofpeoplewerepoorerthanbefore.

CaseNo.3

In1946therewasaprogramintheRioGrandevalleytosubstitutehybridcornforthenativecorn.Thenativecornwasofpoornutritionalqualityandgaveapoorquantityofgrainwhilethehybridcornwasofexcellentqualityandgaveaboutthreetimesaslargeacropasthenativevariety.Inthefirstyearhalfofthe84farmersinthevillageplantedhybridcornanddoubledthecornproduction.Threeyearslater,however,onlythreefarmersplantedhybridcorn.Theotherswereplantingthetraditionalvariety.Atthebeginningoftheprojecttheprogramleaderstudiedtheecologyoftheareaandshowedfilmsdemonstratingthesuperiorityofthenewcorn.Thefarmersagreedthatthehybridcornhadgreatadvantages.Thesizeofthecropconfirmedtheseadvantages.Whydidtheystopplantingit?Theanswerwassimple:theirwivesdidnotlikeit.Theycomplainedthatitwasn'tgoodforcookingandtheydidn'tliketheflavor.

CaseNo.4

Themanagerofalargeofficebuildinghadreceivedmanycomplaintsabouttheliftserviceinthebuilding.Heengagedagroupofengineerstostudythesituationandmakerecommendationsforimprovement.Theengineerssuggestedtwoalternativesolutions:

1.addingmoreliftsofthesametypes;

2.replacingtheexistingliftsbyfasterones.

Themanagerdecidedthatbothalternativesolutionsweretooexpensive.Sothefirm'spsychologistofferedtostudytheproblem.Henoticedthatmanypeoplear

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

Chanplanstosetupaglobalhealthobservatoryto______onpriorityhealthproblems.

10.

UnlikeclassesinSingapore,BelgiumandSweden.USclassesfocuson______.

A.mathandscience

B.keyconcepts

C.asuccessionofdetails

D.thedepthandsequence

11.

Topromoteaproducttoaspecificaudience,acopywritershouldtryhisbestto______.

12.

TheexperienceoftheforeignteacherinChengduremindsusofaChinesesaying"afallintothepit,againinyourwit'.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

Dihydrogenmonoxidecanacceleratecorrosionandrusting,andcauseseverburnsandevendeathfrominhalation.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Hostagesituationsareusuallyintremendousdisorder,sotherearenoobviousstagesinthem,

A.YB.NC.NG

15.Thereisnodoubtthatenvironmentalregulation______.

A.iscumbersome

B.producesaneffect

C.varieswildly

D.needstobestreamlined

16.

Buyingthemagazineatcheckoutcounterisanemotionalpurchasebutmanypurchaseare______.

17.

Anotherbenefitofgroupactivitiesisthatprofessionalguidanceinthegroupcanhelpcureobesity,diabetes,andarthritis.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.Caregiversofdisabledfamilymembersarereportedtoundergoamortalityrateof______

19.Manycompaniesencouragetheiremployeesto______withIBMoneofthem.

20.StudioengineersbenefitgreatlyfromAuto-Tuneinthat______.

A.theynolongerneedtocorrectwrongnotes

B.ithelpsthemkeepsongssecretbeforegoingpublic

C.itistotallyfreeandthussavesthemlotsofmoney

D.theydon'thavetowastetimeonrecordingmusicagain

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.

【B10】

22.

【B9】

23.

【B4】

24.听力原文：W:Today'sgueston"ScienceUpdate"isDavidBrown.Dr.Brown,youandyourteamhavefoundbacteriafarbelowtheEarth'ssurface.Youmustbethrilledaboutyourdiscovery.

M:Well,yes,it'sveryexciting.Foralongtime,we'dsuspectedthepresenceofsuchorganisms,butwelackedsubstantialevidence.

W:Howdidyouconfirmtheexistenceofthebacteria?

M:Well,technologyhelped.Ourdrillingtechniqueshaveimprovedsignificantly,andsotheriskthatsurfacebacteriacouldbemistakenforthosefoundatmuchgreaterdepthwasreduced.Withthenewtechniques,wecouldgetmuchdeeperintotheEarth.

W:Howfardowndidyouactuallyget?

M:Inonecase,aboutthreekilometers.Weweresurprised,Imusttellyou,thattherewereorganismsthatfardown.

W:Youknow,itsoundslikefiction,somethinglikealostworld.

M:Let'scallitahiddenbiosphere,andit'sprobablyaveryextensiveone.Themassofthelivingorganismsbelowthesurfacemaybeequalinsizetothemassofthesurfacebacteria.

W:Haveyoufoundanyuniquelife-forms?

M:Yes.Oneoftheorganismsisthefirstanaerobicbacilluseverdiscovered.Thatmeansitcanliveandgrowonlywherethereisnooxygen.

W:Isthereanydangerofthesebacteriainfectingpeoplewhenyoubringthemtothesurface?

M:Thebacteriainquestionwereadaptedtoanenvironmentthat'shostileandalientohumans.Conversely,theseanaerobicbacteriacouldnotsurviveinourenvironment.Sowereallydon'tneedtoworryaboutthesebacteriacausingillnessesinpeople.

(20)

A.Thepresenceoflife-formsfarbelowtheEarth'ssurface.

B.Theriskofinfectionfromrarestrainsofbacteria.

C.Fictionalrepresentationsofahiddenundergroundworld.

D.Thereliabilityofevidencecollectedbynewdrillingmethods.

25.(21)

A.Sheisdeterminednottogetinvolvedasothers.

B.Sheisworriedmoreaboutherstudythananythingelse.

C.Sheisalittleangrywiththeman'sarrangement.

D.Sheisnotveryinterestedinpoliticalscience.

26.

【B5】

27.听力原文：Ladiesandgentlemen,welcomeaboardyourScenicCruiserBustoSaintLouis,Memphis,andNewOrleanswithchangesinSaintLouisforKansasCityandpointswest.

ThiscoachisscheduledtoarriveinSaintLouisateighto'clock.YouwillhaveafifteenminutereststopatBloomingtonatthreeo'clockandahalfhourdinnerstopatSpringfieldatfive-thirty.

PassengersonthisCoacharescheduledtoarriveinMemphisatseveno'clocktomorrowmorningandinNewOrleansatfiveo'clocktomorrowafternoon.Pleasedon'tforgetthenumberofyourcoachwhenre-boarding.Thatnumberisfour-one-eight.

Letmeremindyouthatfederalregulationsprohibitsmokingcigarettesorcigarsanywhereinthecoach:

Thiscoachisrestroom-equippedforyourcomfortandconvenience.Pleasewatchyourstepwhenmovingaboutinthecoach.Relaxandenjoyyourtrip,andthankyoufortravelingScenicCruiserBusLines.

(33)

A.Atthreeo'clockintheafternoon.

B.Atfive-thirtyintheafternoon.

C.Atseveno'clockintheevening.

D.Ateighto'clockintheevening.

28.

【B2】

29.听力原文：M:Hey,Sally!Areyougoingtostayinthatbathroomfortherestofyourlife?

W:Comeon,Ijustgotinherenotmorethanfiveminutes.

M:You'rekiddingme.You'vebeentherefortwohourstwenty-fourminutesandfifteenseconds.

W:Allright!Fivemoreminutes,OK?

M:What'reyoudoingthereallthemorning?

W:Takingabath.Whatdoyoudoinabathroom?Getasuntan?

M:Abathfortwoandahalt'hours?

W:What'swrongwiththat?I'mgoingoutwithDanieltonight.

M:Whatareyousayingthat?Noway!Momdoesn'tletyougooutondates.Everybodyknowsthat.

W:Yes,shedoes.Shesaid1wasoldenoughtomakedecisionsforwhatIwanttodo.

M:That'saquickchange.That'sanawfulmistake.

W:DoIlookgoodinred?Ormaybeblack,oranythingelse?Pleasegivemesomeproposaltomakemelookbetter!

M:No,youlookawfulineitherredorblack.Ithinkwhiteisbetter.

W:Isthatso?IwouldbetteraskMomforopinions.Areyoufreeto-night?

M:Yeah...No,you'renotgoingtousemycar.

W:Comeon,thisismyfirsttimegoingoutonadate.I'llgiveyou

Stella'stelephonenumberinexchange.

M:Really?That'sadeal.

(20)

A.Theyhateeachother.

B.Theycherisheachother.

C.Theboycareaboutthegirlverymuch.

D.Theboyjokesthegirl.

30.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Whenyouhaveadogitisnecessarytocareforitverycarefully.Inreturn,youwillbelovedbyyourdog;themostimportantpartofdog-careis【B1】______.Notonlydoeshavetobekeptclean,his【B2】______shouldalsobeclean,thebedhesleepsincanbemadewithanythinglikearugoradogmattress,aslongasitiskeptcleanandputinaplacewheretherearenodrafts.【B3】______feedingisalsoimportanttoyourdog'shealth.Heavyaluminum【B4】______pansarebestsincetheycannot【B5】______orbreak.Adogshouldbefedinthesameplaceandonaregular【B6】______.Duringfeedingtimeitshouldbe【B7】______.Ifyourdogrefusestoeat,don't【B8】______him.Removehisfoodanddon'tfeedhimagainuntilhisnextregularfeeding【B9】______Ifhedoesnoteatoveralongperiodoftime,yourdogshouldbetakentoaveterinarian.Anotherimportantthingistokeepfreshwateravailabletothedogduringhotweather.【B10】______.Vigorousexercisehelpsbuildstrengthandkeepsthedoghealthy.【B11】______.Largedogs,though,requirearuninanopenfield.Thereareotherthingsthatarealsoimportantforadog'shealth-thingslikebathing,careofteethandnails,keepingthemawayfrominsectsasmuchaspossible.Itisalsonecessarytoprovidespecialcarewhiletraveling.Butifyouobservethethreemainpointsmentionedabove,yourdogwillgiveyouagreatamountofpleasure.

【B1】

31.(39)

32.(32)

A.Theyarenotasdangerousaspeoplethink.

B.Theycanbeasfriendlytohumansasdogs.

C.Theyattackhumanbeingsbynature.

D.Theyarereallytameseaanimals.

33.(38)

34.听力原文：M:Mathdepartment,ProfessorWebsterspeaking.

W:Hello,Prof.Webster.ThisisJanetHillcalling.I'maneighborofyourteachingassistant,DonWilliams.(22)Donaskedmetocallyoubecausehehaslosthisvoiceandcan'ttalktoyouhimself.

M:Oh,I'msorry.IsthereanythingIcandoforhim?

W:Well,hehasaclassthisafternoonattwo-thirtytofourandhewon'tbeabletoteachit.Buthedoesn'twanttocanceliteither.

M:Doeshewanttofindsomebodyelsetoteachtheclass?

W:No,notexactly.Hewantstogetsomeonetogoinforhim,(23)justtopassbackthemid-termpapers.He'salreadymarkedthemandtheyareonthedeskinhisoffice.Thewholethingwouldn'ttakemorethantenminutes.

M:Hisclassesareattwo-thirty,right?WellI'mfreeatthattime,soIcoulddoitforhim.Whatroomishisclassin?

W:CaterHall,Room214.(24)Willyouneedhisofficekey?He'sgivenittomeandIcouldbringittoyou.

M:Actually,thatwon'tbenecessary.Wehaveamasterkeyinthemathdepartment.SoIcangetintohisoffice.

W:Thankyouverymuch,Prof.Webster.Dondoesn'thaveanotherclasstoteachuntilThursday,andhopefully,hewillbeabletotalktoyoubythen.He'llcallyouassoonashecan.Oh,yea,Ialmostforgot.

M:Yes?

W:(25)Couldyouputthenextassignmentontheboard,too?It'salltheproblemsonpageforty-five,andtheyaredueatthenextclass.

M:Notroubleatall.ThanksforpassingonthenewsaboutDon,andpleasetellhimnottoworryaboutanything.

(23)

A.Heisunabletotalk.

B.Hedoesn'tlikehisclassroom.

C.Hecan'tfindhisofficekey.

D.Hehasmisplacedsomeexams.

35.听力原文：W:ProfessorMarnes,IwonderifyoucanfillmeinonyourlecturelastFriday.Ihadtoattendascholarshipawardceremony.

M:Ohwell,congratulations.Ihopeyouwererewardedhandsomely!

W:Well,everybithelps.So,aboutyourlecture,Iunderstandyouweretalkingaboutextinctions.

M:Yes.Well,thecruxofmytalkwasjustthatwetendtothinkofextinctionasadramaticevent,butmostspeciesdieoutoverquiteaperiodoftime.

W:Whydotheydieoff?Ithoughttheywerecontinuouslyimprovingthemselves.Naturalselection,Ithinkyouoncementioned.

M:Ah,butyouseewhilethereisnaturalcompetitionbetweenthespecies,whatdetermineswhichspeciessurviveislargelybychance.

W:Idon'tgetit.Whydospeciesbothercompeting?

M:Well,thereareshort-termadvantages.Butmanyspeciesalsoarehelpedbyothers.Forexample,thecommonhouseflyandcockroachesmighthavediedoffyearsagoifnotforhumans.

W:Butyou'renotsayingthathumansaresosuccessfulmerelybecauseofchance?

M:Toacertainextent,humanswereinitiallyluckyenoughtohavetherightweatherconditionsandalackofpredators,butnow,ofcourse,wesurvivebyingenuity!

W:Sowemayneverbecomeextinct.

M:No,becausewemaybeinacrashcoursetoextinctionbyourcontinuousexploitationoftheenvironment.Wearearelativelyyoungspeciesandourtimeisnotyetoverdue.

W:Butthereare6billionofus!

M:Yesandthere'remanymorehousefliestoo!Eachwiththecapacitytospreadonediseasefromonepersontoanotherinafastperiodoftime.

(23)

A.Sheiswritingacompetitivepaperforascholarship.

B.Sheisdoingaresearchpaper.

C.Shemissedthelecture.

D.Sheisplanningtoattendthescholarshipawardceremony.

36.听力原文：W:Doyouthinkyoucouldcallataxitotakemetothetrainstation?

M：Callataxi?I'llgiveyouridemyself.

Q：Whatisthemangoingtodo?

(13)

A.Callataxiforthewoman.

B.Rideahorsewiththewoman.

C.Takethewomantothebusstation.

D.Drivethewomantothetrainstation.

37.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：Nomancanchangetheweather.Nobodycancontroltheweather.Butifyoustudycorrectlythesignsaroundyou,youmaytellimportantchangesinweather.Thiswayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikeonthefollowingdayortwoiscalledweatherforecasting.

Formanycenturiesandinallcountriespeoplehavestudiedtheweatherandtriedtomakeweatherforecasting.Sometimesdistantobjectssuchashillsandtalltreesseemtobeveryclearandnear.Thisisasignofmuchwatervaporintheair,andthereforerainwillprobablycome.Ringsroundthesunarealsoasignofcomingrain.Manypeoplefeelpainintheirbones.Thisisasignofthecomingofwetweather.Somebirdsflyhighiffineweatheriscoming.Theyflynearthegroundifrainorstormyweatherisontheway.Itisprobablybecausetheinsectswhichtheyarehuntingflylow.Ifyouseearainbowduringrainyweather,thisisasignthattheweatherwillbecomeclearandfine.Suchrainbowsalwayscomeintheevening.Iftherainbowappearsinthemorning,rainyweatherwillprobablycome.Ifafogappearsinthemorningjustaboutsunrisethenthedaywillbewarm.ffthestarstwinkleclearlyatnight,thenfreeweatherwillcontinue.Ifthesunsetismostlyredincolor,thenthefollowingdaywillbefine.

Mostoftheabovesayingshavebeenmadebypeoplewhohaveusedtheireyesandbrainstomakeweatherforecasting.

(27)

A.Theweatherwillbeclearandfine.

B.Rainwillprobablycome.

C.Therewillbeafog.

D.Fineweatherwillcontinue.

38.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：W:Didyouseethecollegenewspaper?Theywriteaboutourvoterregistrationcampaign.

M:Idid.Maybeit'llsparksomeinterestoncampus.Withoutmorevolunteerswe'llnevermeetourgoal.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(12)

A.Theydon'thaveroomforanymorevolunteers.

B.Hehopesthestorywillraisemoneyforthenewspaper.

C.Morepeopleneedtogetinvolvedinthecampaign.

D.Voterregistrationiscontroversialoncampus.

39.(45)

40.(34)

A.Itiswrongtogivemorepaytothepassengers.

B.Don'tfollowotherstooverchargethepassengers.

C.Don'tbelievethemiftheyarepayingyoumore.

D.Itisdifficulttoworkhardandliveasanhonestboy.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

WhichofthefollowingstatementstheauthordoesNOTbelievetobetrue?

A.Thepersonwhowearsauniform.hasnoserf-worth.

B.Wearingauniform.givesapersonasenseofidentificationwithalargeconcept.

C.Uniformswillhurtoneentireinformationandentertainmentindustry.

D.Envyandcompetitionarcincentivetoimproveone'slife.

42.

The"whole-word"approachtoreadingwhichmorestressesthemeaningofwords,decoding,anddevelopingasightvocabularycouldbeusedfor______.

43.

Theword"errant"(Para.2)mostprobablymeans______.

A.difficultB.tightC.correctD.remarkable

44.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Whatistheatre?Actorstellastoryinwordsandactonastage.Whyhastheatrebeensointriguingtopeopleallovertheworldandthroughouthistory?TheatreintheWestbeganinGreecein534B.C.inthecelebrationofthecultofDionysius.Therelationshipbetweenreligionandtheatreisneitheraccidentalnorincidental:theybothincludeceremony,ritual,andspectaclethatcreatedramawhichengagesouremotionsandintellectbecausetheytellstoriesthatareuniversal.

Inprehistorictimes,ceremoniesandritualshelpedpeopleexplainsuchawe-inspiring,dramaticeventsasbirth,death,andpowerfulnaturalforces.Manneedsawaytocopewithhisdeepestfearsandconcernssohecreatesdramaticsituationsthatexpressandmimicthesefeelings.Thecostumedparticipantsintheceremony(withascript),liketheactorsonstage,pretendtheyaredrivingoutdemonsorpleasingtheirGod,orresolvingtheirfearsandconcerns.ThisiswhatAristotlecalledcatharsis(感情宣泄):thepurgation(清除)ofpowerfulemotionssuchasfearandpitythatoffersthereleasefromtensionthatweexperienceasweempathizewiththeactorsfacingtheirconflicts(andourown)andworktowardresolvingthem.Theatreandreligiontouchusnotonlyemotionallyandintellectually,butspiritually.Shakespearewasrightwhenhesaidthatalltheworld'sastageandwebutactorsplayingourparts.

Therearethreebasicperiodsinthehistoryoftheatre:Classicalperiod—GreekandRomantheatre;theRomanticperiodwhichincludestheRenaissanceinEuropeandtheModernperiodwhichbeganinthelate19thcentury.TheGreekslaidthefoundationoftheatreintheWest.Theydevelopedthefive-actplaywhichShakespeareandmostothersfollowed.Atfirst,therewasonlyoneactorwhorecitedastoryabouttheGods.ThenAeschylusaddedasecondactorwhomadedialoguepossiblethatchangedtheatreforever,andlaterSophoclesaddedathirdactorwhobroughtnewelementsofconflictthataretheessencedrama,especiallytragedy.TheearlyChristianbannedtheatre,butofferedelaborateceremoniestoattractpeopleandtoeducatethemintheChristiandoctrineanditsdramaticmythology.IntheRenaissance,theartswereflourishingfirstinItalyandtheninotherpartsofEurope.Shakespearewroteinthe16thandearly17thcenturies.Modemtheatrebeganinthe19thcenturywiththeplaysofIbsen,StrindbergandChekhov.Theyofferedrealityratherthanfantasyorsimplisticpopularmelodramas.The20thcenturybroughtboldinnovationsinAmericaandEurope,includingnewstructures:two-andthree-actplaysoraseriesofscenesreplacedthefive-actstructure;newstagedesignsandstaging;newis-suesespeciallyafterWWIIwhenTheatreoftheAbsurdappeared.Off-BroadwayandOff-Off-Broadwayproductionschallengedtheoldwaysbypresentingexperimentalworksthatshockedandperplexedmanyaudiences.

Theatreandreligionarecloselyrelatedinthat______.

A.bothofthemhaveastronginfluenceonpeople'slife

B.bothheartandmindareinvolvedinunderstandingthem

C.theatreisderivedfromreligiousactivities

D.universalreligiousstoriesbuildupthecontentoftheatre

45.Onceuponatime,innovationatProcter&Gambleflowedoneway:fromtheUnitedStatesoutward.WhilethelargeCincinnatibasedcorporationwasnostrangertoforeignmarkets,itusuallysoldthemproductsthatwerealreadyfamiliartomostAmericans.ManyJapanesefamilies,forinstance,swaddletheirbabiesinPampersdiapers,andlotsofVenezuelansbrushtheirteethwithCrest.Andofcourse(companyexecutivesassumed)Americansathomewantedthesesamefamiliar,redwhiteandbluebrands.Wemightbuyforeignmadecars,orchocolates,orcameras—buthouseholdcleanersanddetergents?

Recently,however,P&Gbrokewiththislongstandingtradition.Ariel,aP&Glaundrydetergent,wasbornoverseas,andisafamiliarsightonstoreshelvesinEuropeandLatinAmerica.NowbilingualpackagesofArielUltra,asuperconcentratedcleaner,areappearingonsupermarketshelvesinLosAngeles.

Ariel'sappearanceintheUnitedStatesreflectsdemographic(人口学的)changesmakingHispanics(西班牙裔)thenation'sfastestgrowingethnicgroup.Arielisahitwiththispopulation.Infact,manyMexicanimmigrantslivinginSouthernCaliforniahavebeen"importing"ArielfromTijuana,Mexico."Hispanicsknewthisproductandwantedit,"saysP&GspokeswomanMarieSalvado."Werealizedthatwecouldn'tconvincethemtobuyourotherlaundrydetergents."P&Ghopesthatnon-HispanicconsumerswillgiveArielatrytoo.

Ariel'salreadystrongpresenceinEuropemayprovideaspringboardforthecompanytoexpandintoothermarketsaswell.RecentlyP&GboughtRakonaCzechoslovakia'stopdetergent(洗涤剂)maker.Ariel,currentlyatopsellerinGermany,islikelytobeoneofthefirstnewbrandstoappearinCzechsupermarkets.AndArielisnottheonlyforeignideathatthecompanyhopestotransplantbacktoitshometerritory.Cinch,anall-purposespraycleanersimilartopopularEuropeanproducts,iscurrentlybeingtestmarketedinCaliforniaandArizona.TraditionallyAmericainshaveusedseparatecleanersfordifferenttypesofsurfaces,butmarketresearchshowsthatAmericanpreferencesarebecomingmorelikethoseinothercountries.

InsidersnotethatthisnewreverseflowofinnovationreflectsmoresweepingchangesatProcterGamble.ThefirmhashiredmanynewJapanese,German,andMexicanmanagerswhoviewP&G'sbusinessnotasaone-wayflowofAmericanideas,butatwo-wayexchangewithothermarkets.SaysBonitaAustinoftheinvestmentfirmWertheimSchroeder:"WhenyoumetwithP&G'stopmanagersyearsago,youwouldn'thaveseenasingleforeignface.'Today,"theycouldevenbeinthemajority.

AsProcter&Gamblehasfound,theUnitedStatesisnolongeranisolatedmarket.AmericansaremoreopenthaneverbeforetobuyingforeignmadeproductsandtosellingU.S.madeproductsoverseas.

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Procter&Gamblehastochangeitsone-wayflowtraditionbecauseoftheincreasednumberofitsforeignmanagers.

B.Inspiteofmarketchanges,Procter&Gamblestillstickstoitslongstandingtiaditionofonewayflowinnovation.

C.ThebrandsofPampers,Crest,Ariel,andCinchreflecttheone-wayflowtraditionofProcterGamble.

D.TodayonemaymeetmoreforeignfacesinProcter&Gamblethanyearsago.

46.WhatdoesAnneMcGill-Fran