2022高考英语一轮复习主题语境27社会热点问题学案

主题语境27社会热点问题课前eq\a\vs4\al(主题词汇积累——没有词汇，什么也表达不了)eq\a\vs4\al(记牢——主题词汇有空就记)[常见单词]1．aidn．①[U]援助；救助；帮助②[C]辅助者；有助之物vt.&vi.帮助①withtheaidof在……帮助下；借助于②come/gotosb.'said帮助某人(helpsb.)③inaidof帮助2．AIDSn．[U]艾滋病3．amountn.数量；数额；总数①amountto达到(某数量)；合计；相当于；意味着②注：alarge(huge/small)amountof与amountsof通常与不可数名词连用；作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与amount的数保持一致。4．analyse/analyzevt.分析5．assistv.帮助；协助6．assistancen.帮助；协助；援助►withtheassistanceofsb.在某人的帮助下7．barbern.理发师①gotothebarber's去理发店；去理发②barbershopn.理发店8．blamen．[U]责备；责任vt.责备；把……归咎于①betoblame(对某事)负有责任②blamesb.forsth.责备某人某事③beblamedfor因……而受责备④blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人9．blankadj.空白的；茫然的；不理解的；没表情的n．空白处；空格10．casen.[C]事例；病例；案件；情况①incaseof在……情形时；万一②innocase在任何情况下都不；绝不③inthatcase既然如此；如果那样的话④inthecaseof就……来说；至于11．cashn．[U]现金；现款vt.兑现；付款12．charityn．①[U]慈善(事业)；救济②[C]慈善机构(或组织)13．embassyn．[C]大使馆14．emergevi.①浮现；出现；(事实等)显露；暴露②兴起15．envelopen．[C]信封；封皮16．fakeadj.假的；伪造的n．[C]假货；赝品17．genuineadj.真实的；真诚的►genuinelyadv.真正地；真诚地18．indeedadv.真正地；当然；确实19．independencen.[U]独立；自主20．issuen．①议题；争论的问题②(令人担忧的)问题③(报刊的)号；版次vt.①公布；发布②发行21．passagen．[C]①章节；段落②通路③穿过④航程费用22．patiencen.[U]耐心；容忍23．pavementn.人行道24．pennilessadj.身无分文的25．peppern.胡椒；胡椒粉26．percentagen.百分率；百分比27．permitvt.&vi.①许可；准许②使成为可能n．许可证；特许证28．permissionn．[U]许可；准许29．productionn．①[U]生产；制造②[U]产量30．seek(sought;sought)vt.①征求(建议、意见等)；请求(某人的)帮助②寻求；谋求vt.&vi.寻找vi.试图；企图①seekfor寻找②seekone'sfortune寻找致富之路③seeksb.'sadvice征求某人的建议④seeksb.'shelp/assistance请求某人的帮助/援助⑤seekout找出；找到31．starn．[C]①星；恒星②星标；星状物；星级③明星；高手；名家vt.&vi.(starred,starred)(使)主演►starin主演32．starevt.&vi.盯；凝视n．[C]盯；凝视►starat凝视/盯着……看33．statesmann．(pl.statesmen)政治家34．strike(struck,struck)vt.①打；撞击②给……以某种印象③[不用于进行时](使)突然想到/意识到vt.&vi.①突然降临；突然袭击②(时钟等)敲响；报(时)③罢工n．罢工①Itstrikessb.that...某人突然想到……②strikeabalance两者兼顾；达到平衡③strikeadeal达成协议④strikefear/terrorintosb.'sheart使某人感到害怕/恐惧⑤goonstrike罢工⑥strickenadj.受灾的；患病的；受苦的⑦strikern．[C]罢工者；(足球的)前锋；(棒球的)击球手⑧strikingadj.惊人的；显著的；引人入胜的35．wandervt.&vi.闲逛；漫步；离开(正道)vi.走神；胡思乱想[常用词块]1．bringup抚养；培养；教育；提出2．stareat凝视；盯着看3．accountfor是……的原因；解释；占……比例4．onthecontrary与此相反；正相反5．goahead前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说；开始做6．byaccident偶然；无意中；不小心7．alargeamountof许多；大量8．takeachance冒险9．inrags衣衫褴褛10．asfor/to关于；至于11．fromthebottomofone'sheart发自内心12．insomeways在某些方面13．fixone'seyeson注视；凝视14．attimes有时候15．lookback(on)回顾eq\a\vs4\al(练清——常用词汇挤时就练)一、单词拼写(根据提示写出单词)1．Sofar,hugeamounts(数量)ofmoneyhavebeenspentonhisslimminggym.2．Thewriterofthepassage(段落)isprobablyascienceteacher.3．Youcanpayeitherincash(现金)orbychequeinourstore.4．Inrecent30years,thepercentage(百分比)ofgirlsgoingtoschoolhavejumpedfrom15to54.5．Akeyissue(问题)forhighereducationinthe1990sistheneedforgreaterdiversityofcourses.6．Thegalleryisfilledwithfamousworksofart,andeveryoneofthemisafake(赝品)．7．Herhusbandisunemployedandthefamilydependsoncharity(救济金)．8．Twomenandawomanwerewalkingbrisklydownthepavement(人行道)towardshim.9．They'dsoonbepenniless(身无分文的)andhomelessifshecouldn'tfindsuitablework.10．Wecouldputsomeofthepicturesoveronthatblank(空白的)walloverthere.二、词形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空)1．Wehaveobtainedpermission(permit)fromthedirectorstousesomeofourfunds.2．Asfarasweareconcerned,ittakesmuchpatience(patient)andpracticetolearnEnglishwell.3．Since1976hehasbeenoperatingtheshopwiththeassistance_(assist)ofvolunteers.4．Peoplewillbemorelikelytohelpyouagainwhenyougenuinely_(genuine)showyourappreciation.5．Together,wehaveachievedmuchinthe46yearssinceindependence(independent)．三、固定搭配(在空格处填1个适当的单词)1．Theprofessorthoughtthattheideawhichwasbroughtupbytheyoungengineerwasworthconsidering.2．Shedidnotwantherparentstohelphertodoit,soshejustwentaheadanddiditbyherself.3．Theyoungshouldbetaughtnottostareatorlaughatthedisabled.4．Youwerenotboringus.Onthecontrary,yourwonderfulspeechinterestedusalot.5．Theyhadawonderfulweekendinthecountryside.Asforthetravellingexpenses,theyranout.6．Thisafternoon,justasIwasdoingmybusiness,amandressedinragssteppedintomyshopandbeggedmeforsomemoney.7．Successinlifedoesn'thappenbyaccident.It'stheresultofdevotingyourtimeandenergytowhatyou'vesetouttodo.8．Itissaidthatbodylanguageaccountsfor55percentofafirstimpressionwhilewhatyousayjust7percent.9．Lifeisajourney,whenlookbackthewaybehind,everythingshouldbemorecolorfulifyouwerewithme.10．Ilikehereventhoughshecanbeannoying_at_times.四、形变动词(用所给动词的正确形式填空)1．Itisyouratherthanhethatareto_blame(blame)fortheterribleaccident.2．Whentheteacherenteredtheclassroom,allthestudentskeptsilent,staring(stare)attheirtextbookssilently.3．Shehasturneddownseveralinvitationsto_star(star)atshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.4．Iwas_wandering(wander)alongthepavementyesterdaywhensomestrangerscameupandaskedmethewaytothepolicestation.5．Yourlivesarebusyenoughdoinghomework,playingsports,makingfriends,seeking(seek)afteryourdreams.6．Timepermitting(permit),Iexpecttohavemoresparetimetospendwithmyfriendssothatwecanhaveabetterrelationship.7．Itstruck_(strike)methatwemighthavemadethewrongdecision.8．Thepublicisurgentlyrequested_to_assist(assist)policeintracingthisman.五、熟词生义(写出画线部分在具体语境中的含义)1．case(熟义：情况)Unlesswehaveenoughevidence,wecan'twinthecase.n.案件2．passage(熟义：n.段落；节)①Theyforcedapassagethroughthecrowd.n.通道②Hecouldn'taffordthepassagetoAustralia.n.航程费用六、单句写作(依据汉语提示补全句子)1．事实是现在很多年轻人正在大城市寻找发财的机会。(seek)Thefactisthatnowadaysmanyyoungpeopleareseeking_their_fortuneinbigcities.2．离开时向主人说再见是礼貌的。(manner)It_is_good_manners_to_say_goodbye_toyourhostwhenleaving.3．只有当你有了自己的孩子，你才会了解父母的辛苦。(强调句型)It_is_only_when_you_have_your_own_children_thatyourealizethetroublesofparenthood.4．我匆忙地赶到机场却发现我的钱包丢了。(find＋宾语＋宾补)Ihurriedlygottotheairportonlytofind_my_wallet_lost.5．无论什么时候我们遇到困难，他们都来帮助我们。(whenever引导让步状语从句)Whenever_we_meet_with_difficulties,_theycometohelpus.6．众所周知，伟大的文学作品给人们带来幸福。Asiswell­knowntoall,greatworksofliterature_bring_people_happiness.7．我认为，如果我们学生想知道尽可能多的文学作品，我们最好读原著。Iholdtheviewthatifwestudentswantto_know_as_many_great_works_of_literature_as_we_can,_wehadbetterreadtheoriginalworks.8．许多作家在成功之前经历了许多困难。Manywriterswent_through_many_difficultiesbeforetheyweresuccessful.课堂eq\a\vs4\al(主题线索复习——没有主题引领，复习会迷失方向)一、这样学主题——强化“语言能力”和“学习能力”1．aidn．&vt.帮助；援助；资助[以文化人]Shebelievesthestorymighthavehadadifferentendingifthosegoodpeoplehadnotcometoheraid.如果那些好心人不来援助她的话，她相信故事可能会有不同的结局。(1)cometoone'said来帮助某人givesb.firstaid对某人进行急救withtheaidof在……的帮助下(2)aidsb.in(doing)sth.在(做)某事方面帮助某人aidsb.withsth.以某事/物帮助某人aidsb.todosth.帮助某人做某事[对点练习]单句语法填空①Neighboursaidedhimwithmoneywhenhealmostlosteverythinginthefire.②Heissokindaboythatheoftenaidedhismotherto_clean(clean)thetable,eventhefurniture.③ThemomenthesawthepoorlittleboyonTV,hedeterminedtoaidhimincontinuinghisstudy.④WiththeaidofourEnglishteacher,wehavemadegreatprogressthisterm.2．assistvt.帮助；协助；援助[以文化人]Assistedbyhisteacher,hegraduallyadjustedtotheschoollife.在老师的帮助下，他逐渐适应了学校的生活。(1)assistsb.todosth.帮助某人做某事assistsb.withsth.帮助某人某事assistsb.indoingsth.帮助某人做某事(2)assistancen.帮助；协助withtheassistanceof在……的帮助下cometoone'sassistance援助某人(3)assistantn.助手；助理；售货员[对点练习]单句语法填空①Theguidemanagedtoassistthetouriststo_find(find)somewheretoliveduringtheWorldCup.②We'relookingforvolunteerswhowouldbewillingtoassistuswiththegroup'swork.③Whenyoufacedifficulty,thesuggestionsmaybeofgreatassistance(assist)toyou.④Mr.Blackisanexperiencedengineer,andhewillbeemployedtoassistusinimprovingourequipment.3．blamevt.责备；谴责；把……归咎于n.过失；责备[以文化人]Tobehonest,LiHuaistoblamefortheconflict.诚实地说，李华应该为这次冲突负责。(1)blamesb.forsth./doingsth.为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人betoblame(for)应(为……)承担责任；应(为……)受责备beblamedfor因……而受责备(2)put/laytheblameforsth.on将某事归咎于taketheblamefor为……负责；为……承担责任[对点练习]单句语法填空①Sheblamedthefailureoftheirmarriageonherhusband.②(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.③(2018·江苏高考)Somesocialappcompanieswereto_blame(blame)becausetheydidn'tadequatelychecktheirusers'registration.④Blamed(blame)forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.4．casen．情况；病例；案例[以文化人]Innocaseshouldwedoanythingthatgoesagainsttheinterestsofpeople.我们做任何事都不能违背人们的利益。incase假使；以防万一incaseof假如发生；万一发生inanycase无论如何；不管怎样innocase决不(位于句首，句子要部分倒装)inthis/thatcase假使这样/那样的话asisoftenthecase这是常有的事[对点练习]完成句子①Iwillbeoutforsometime.In_caseanythingimportanthappens,callmeupimmediately.我出去一会，万一有重要的事情发生，请立刻给我打电话。②As_is_often_the_case_with_him,_hewasfinedforspeeding.他因超速而被罚款，这对他而言是常有的事情。③Themeetingwillbeputoffin_case_oftherain.假如下雨会议将被推迟。④Enoughspaceshouldbegiventothekids;in_that_case,_theywillgetmorelifeexperiences.应该给予孩子足够的空间，那样的话他们将会得到更多的生活经历。5．permitvt.&vi.许可；允许；准许n[以文化人]Timepermitting,Iwillaccompanymyparentstoyourhousethisweekend.时间允许的话，本周我会陪伴我的父母去你家。(1)permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事permitdoingsth.允许做某事(2)adrivingpermit驾照(3)permissionn．[U]允许；许可withoutpermission未经允许askforpermission请求允许[对点练习]单句语法填空①Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanyto_use(use)specialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.②Theownersdon'tpermitparking(park)carsinfrontoftheshops.③Youshouldknowthatnophotosaretobetakenoftheexhibitswithoutpermission(permit)．④Childrenarenotpermittedto_enter(enter)thecinemawithouttheirparents'company.[联想发散]动词permit的常见用法为：permitdoingsth./sb.todosth.，有类似用法的动词还有：①allowdoingsth./sb.todosth.允许(某人)做某事②forbiddoingsth./sb.todosth.禁止(某人)做某事③advise/suggestdoingsth./sb.todosth.建议(某人)做某事④encouragedoingsth./sb.todosth.鼓励(某人)做某事6．strikev．(struck,struck)打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时n.罢工[以文化人]Alltheinternationalstudentsweredeeplystruckbymyintroduction.2018·北京高考书面表达,所有的国际生都被我的介绍深深地打动了。bestruckby被……打动/迷住了itstrikes/hits/occurstosb.that...某人突然想起……oone'sheart使……刻骨铭心[对点练习]单句语法填空①Itstruckmethatplayingagainsttheotherteamwasagreatlearningmomentforallthegirlsontheteam.②Struck(strike)bythebeautyoftheWest③Meetingmydearteachersandfellowstudentsaftersomanyyearswasindeedawarmoccasion,oneI'dstrikeintomyheartforever.1．lookback(on)回忆；回顾[以文化人]HowdoyoulookbackonyourhappytimesatLiverpool?你怎样回顾你在利物浦的快乐时光？lookaround环视lookdownon/upon轻视；瞧不起lookforwardto盼望；期望lookinto调查；向……里看lookoutfor注意察看；留心lookthrough仔细浏览；查阅lookup查阅；抬头看lookupto尊敬；敬仰[对点练习]选用上述短语填空①Asshegotupinthemorningandlooked_intothemirror,shefoundherfacewasfirmandyoung­looking.②Aftershesatdown，shehadagoodchancetolook_aroundthewholeroom.③Terry,pleaselook_upfromyourcellphonewhenGrandmaistalkingtoyou.④Ican'tfallasleepandlook_back_onthingsthathavehappenedbetweenus.⑤Motortradersarelooking_forward_toafurtherincreaseinvehiclesales.⑥You'reapopulargirl,Grace,andalotofyoungeroneslook_up_toyou.⑦Look_throughthisproposalforme,andtellmewhatyouthinkofit.2．attimes有时；不时[以文化人]Youshouldkeepitinmindthatattimescomparingnoteswithyourclassmatesisagoodwaytoimproveyourstudy.你要记住有时和你的同学交换笔记，也是提高学习的好方法。atatime一次；每次atonetime曾经；一度atanytime随时；任何时候atnotime决不(位于句首时，句子要倒装)atthesametime同时innotime立刻；马上allthetime一直；向来；总是[对点练习]完成句子①Generallyspeaking,mygrandmotherisniceandkind,butshecanbeverystubbornat_times.一般来说，我的祖母友好而和善，但有时也会很固执。②At_no_timewillwebethefirsttoleave.我们在任何时候都不会第一个离开。根据提示用time相关短语完成语段③At_one_timeJoanandIweregoodfriends.Iwenttoherforhelp④at_any_timebecauseshewouldalwayssolvetheproblem⑤in_no_time.Joanwasclever,and⑥at_the_same_timeshewashard­working.Soshedidverywellinexams⑦all_the_time.我和琼曾经是好朋友。我随时向她求助，因为她总是会立刻解决问题。琼很聪明，同时，她也很勤奋。因此她总能在考试中取得好成绩。选词填空(attimes/atatime)⑧Petercanbereallydifficulttogetalongwithat_timeseventhoughhe'sanicepersoningeneral.⑨MuchasIlikebutter,Inevereatmuchat_a_time.3．insomeways在某些方面，在某种程度上[以文化人]WhenIhaveabetteridea,Iwouldchoosetosticktoit.Insomeways,Icannotonlysharegoodideaswithothers,butalsolearntoexpressmyselfclearly.当我有更好的想法时，我会选择坚持它。从某种程度上来说，我不但会和他人分享好的想法而且还学着清楚地表达自己的想法。inaway在某种程度上inthis/thatway以这种/那种方式inthe/one'sway挡道；碍事innoway决不(位于句首时，句子要倒装)bytheway顺便说一下；顺便问一下bywayof经由；通过onthe/one'swayto在去……的路上[对点练习]选用上述短语填空①TheartistrecentlyhasarrivedinParisfromBulgariaby_way_ofVienna.②In_no_wayamIresponsibleforwhathashappened.③In_a_way/In_some_ways,_thecomputerplaysamoreandmoreimportantroleinourlifeandwork.④Thatchairisin_the_way.Moveitplease.⑤Onlyin_this_waycantheygrowuptobeindependentandbecometrulysuccessful.4．fixone'seyeson注视，凝视[以文化人]WhenIspeakEnglish,especiallywhenothersfixtheireyesonme,Ioftenfeelalittlenervous.当我讲英语时，特别是别人盯着我时，我经常感到有点紧张。(1)keep/haveaneyeon照看；照管；注视；监视；留神heeye直视某人catchsb.'seye(s)引起某人的注意haveaneyefor对……有鉴赏眼光(2)fixone'sattentionon/upon集中注意力于[对点练习]单句语法填空①Grandmawascookingwhileshewaskeepinganeyeonthebabysleepinginthecradle.②Agoodartistmusthaveaneyeforcolor.③Marywassoshythatshecouldn'tlookhim_in_theeye.④Hefixedhisattentionon/uponaninterestingstorybook.完成句子⑤Thesadboylayinbedandfixed_his_eyes_ontheceiling.这个难过的小男孩躺在床上，凝视着天花板。[联想发散]表示“专注于；专心于”的短语还有：①concentrateon②focuson③putone'sheartinto④beburiedin⑤abandononeselfto⑥belostin⑦bedevotedto⑧beabsorbedin5．Itis/hasbeen＋时间段＋since...[以文化人]ItistwoyearssinceIwaselectedasassistanttomyEnglishteacher.自从我被选为英语老师的助手以来，已经有两年了。用法规则(1)Itis/hasbeen＋时间段＋since...“自从……以来有多长时间了”。(2)Itis/was/willbe＋时间段＋before...“过了多久/要过多久才……”。(3)Itis(about/high)time(that)...“是……的时候了”从句谓语动词用过去式或“should＋动词原形”。(4)This/Itis/wasthefirst/second...time(that)...“这是第一/第二/……次……”。注意事项在“This/Itis/wasthefirst/second...timethat...”句型中，若主句中用is，从句中用hasdone，若主句中用was，从句中用haddone。[对点练习]完成句子①Itis/has_been_three_yearssinceIjoinedthearmy.我当兵已经三年了。②Johnthinksit_won't_be_long_beforeheisreadyforhisnewjob.约翰认为不久之后他就会为他的新工作做好准备。③Itishightimethatwe_took/should_take_effective_measurestocontroltheenvironmentpollution.该是我们采取有效措施来控制环境污染的时候了。④Itwasthethirdtimethathehad_asked_the_same_question.这是他第三次问同一个问题了。⑤Therefore,it_is_high_time_thatrulesshouldbeworkedoutandstrictlyobserved.因此，现在是制定规则并严格遵守的时候了。6．动词不定式作目的状语[以文化人]Inordertoadaptyourselftothenewenvironment,allofyou,freshstudents,mustlearntocommunicatewithandbekindtoothers.为了使自己适应新的环境，所有的新生们，你们必须学会与他人沟通，善待他人。用法规则(1)todo不定式表示目的或者将来。(2)在动词不定式前可加上inorder(to),soas(to)等用以表示目的。(3)动词不定式还可以作结果状语，一般放在句子后面，且常表示出乎意料的结果，常与only,just等词连用。注意事项(1)inorderto可以位于句首或句中，soasto不能置于句首。(2)不定式作结果状语往往表示出乎意料的结果，而现在分词作结果状语则表示意料之中的结果。[对点练习]完成句子①HermotherplanstoflytoBeijingatleastfourtimesayearto_visit_her.她母亲计划每年至少四次飞到北京来看她。②In_order_to/To_keep_warm,_weshutallthewindows.为了保暖，我们把所有窗户都关上了。③Ihurriedthroughmyworkso_as_to/in_order_tobeintimeforthewonderfulTVprogramme.我匆匆忙忙地忙完工作以便能够及时赶上精彩的电视节目。④Theyreachedthecompanyoutofbreath,only_to_be_toldtheywerefired.他们上气不接下气地赶到公司，结果却被告知他们被解雇了。[“完形”语段——练中巩固]XiaoMingalways①fixed_his_eyes_on(集中注意力于)hiscellphone,nomatterwhenhewaseatingorwalking.Hehadbeenscoldedmanytimes.Whatshouldhedo②in_case(万一)hehadanaccident?Buthewouldn'tlisten.Theotherday,onhiswaytowork,hewassoabsorbedinlookingathiscellphonethathedidn'tseetheredlightandwashitbyacar.Luckily,somepeople③came_to_his_aid(来救助他).④Assisted(assist)bygoodpeopleinthatemergency,hewassenttoanearbyhospital.Hislegwassobadlyhurtthathehadtobehospitalized.Hewas⑤to_blame_for(该受责备)thematter.Whenhe⑥looked_back_on(回顾)whathadhappened,heregrettedit.[“双语”美文——以读促写]UniqueSingaporeThenextday,wesetoffforChinatown,afabulouscollisionofreds,golds,twinklingfairylights,templesandshopssellingeverythingfromchopsticksandChinesemedicinetoteaandsparklytrinkets—and,ofcourse,food.Itwasbuzzingandfeltwonderfullyexotic.Thechildrenboughtkungfuoutfitsforplayfightingbackinthehotelandfeltmarvellouslypleasedwiththemselves.NighttimeinSingaporeisalsoagastronomicfeast.Youcanchooseanytypeoffoodunderthesunandyouwillfindaseriouslygoodrestaurantservingit.Ifyouwanttokeepitlocal,yourbestbetistogotoahawkercentre.TherearelotsoftheminvaryingsizesaroundSingaporeandtheyareasanitizedversionofthekindofcookingthatusedtogoonbytheroadsideallovertheisland.Therearewonderfulhigh­classrestaurantsontheisland—theShangri­LahotelhasagreatCalifornianrestaurant(sogoodandsopopularwiththechildrenthatweatetheretwice)—butformymoney,ahawkercentreiswhereyouexperiencetherealdeal.(Tobecontinued)[译文助读]非常新加坡第二天，我们出发前往唐人街。装饰艳丽的唐人街上庙宇和商店林立，售卖的商品应有尽有，从筷子到闪闪发光的小饰品，从茶叶到中药，当然，少不了各种美食，煕煕攘攘的街道充满了异国风情。孩子们买了中国功夫服，回到酒店后，他们还在为自己的新行头而得意扬扬的。新加坡的夜晚是享受美食的好时段，这里汇集了天下各式美食，只有你想不到，没有找不到。如果想要品尝当地风味，最好去大排档，大大小小的小吃店遍布全国，与过去的路边摊相比，现如今的大排档更讲究饮食卫生了。当然，新加坡不乏高档餐厅，香格里拉有一家加利福尼亚风味的餐厅，我们带着孩子去吃过两次，感觉极好，但后来鉴于荷包有限，我们觉得大排档才是可以品尝真正美食的地方。(未完待续)二、这样考主题——注重“思维品质”和“文化意识”Ⅰ.Reading精读高考真题，发掘内蕴价值(2018·北京高考·阅读理解D篇)PreparingCitiesforRobotCars[1]Thepossibilityofself­drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist'sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializingintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself­drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompaniestosellorrentoutself­drivingcars,andforcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.[2]Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars(andrightfullyso),policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself­drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions(排放)andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.[3]Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualself­drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself­drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride­hailing(叫车)services.[4]AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol­poweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric,self­drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure(基础设施)andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride­hailingservices,consideringthecostofself­drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues(责任与维护问题)．Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology.[5]Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn'textendtheworstaspectsofthecar­controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.(语篇中红体词汇为主题词汇)47．Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan__________.A．helpdealwithtransportation­relatedproblemsB．providebetterservicestocustomersC．causedamagetoourenvironmentD．makesomepeoplelosejobs解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafety...offermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.”可知，人们对无人驾驶汽车的关注点在于其安全性以及有助于减少交通拥堵等方面。故选A。48．Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor'smajorconcern?A．Safety.B．Sideeffects.C．Affordability.D．Management.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabout...thecar­controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.”并结合上文内容可知，作者希望政策的制定者要考虑这些无人驾驶车辆的管理，不要扩大现有汽车管理运输系统中的最糟糕的方面，故选D。49．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fielded”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Employed.B．Replaced.C．Shared.D．Reduced.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第四段中画线词所在句的前半部分内容“Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainly”并结合下句中“asthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology”可知，随着价格的降低以及人们对这项技术开始应用自如，第一批上市的无人驾驶车辆会“被应用”到“叫车服务”中。故选A。50．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofself­drivingcars?A．Doubtful.B．Positive.C．Disapproving.D．Sympathetic.解析：选B观点态度题。根据最后一段最后两句“Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.”可知，无人驾驶车辆的时代马上来到，准备好迎接它的到来吧。由此推断作者对于这种新科技持积极乐观的态度。[素养透析]一、依据语篇隐性考查的“语言能力”1．主题词汇语境中回顾(文中红体词汇多揣摩)2．熟词生义语境中辨析(写出红体词汇的语境之义)①Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.扩展；发展②Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.带来3．生僻词汇语境中推断(写出汉语意思并识记积累)①Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.约束，控制，管理②Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology.所有权，产权，物主身份4．用构词法解构词汇多领悟(写出词源或意义)①Thepossibilityofself­drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist's(词源：future，意为：未来学家)dream,yearsawayfrommaterializing(词源：material，意为：变为现实)intherealworld.②Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen(词源：worse)—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?恶化③Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.异常拥挤的；挤满人的④Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.名词用作动词，意为：盘旋，环行，转圈⑤Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing(词源：appeal)此处为形容词，意为：吸引人的5．用语法知识破译长难句①Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.分析：本句是一个复合句。howeverlongittakes为however引导的让步状语从句；tochangeour...为不定式短语作定语；dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated为现在分词短语作方式状语，该状语中包含了一个由how引导的宾语从句。译文：但无论需要多长时间，这项技术都有可能使我们的交通系统和城市变得更好或更糟，取决于对这项变革的监管方式。②Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars(andrightfullyso),policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself­drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions(排放)andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.分析：本句是一个复合句。while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”；talkingabout后为how引导的宾语从句。sofar“到目前为止”，常和现在完成时连用。译文：尽管到目前为止大部分的争论都集中在无人驾驶汽车的安全性上(这是理所当然的)，但决策者们也应该讨论自动驾驶汽车如何帮助减少交通堵塞、减少排放以及提供更方便、更实惠的出行选择。6．理清文章脉络——文意通、解题准二、煅塑新型人才所考查的“思维品质”文中第50题主要考查学生的系统性思维。作者在文章的前半部分站在中立者的角度，论述了无人驾驶汽车的优缺点，在最后一段提到了自己的观点：“Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.”，由此我们可知作者对于这种新科技持积极乐观的态度。如果缺乏系统性思维，只看到文章前半部分，容易片面地误选答案。三、贴合主流价值观所考查的“文化意识”本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕前沿科技无人驾驶汽车的管理问题进行讨论。作者认为，如果被很好地管理，无人驾驶车辆能够帮助减少碳排放并减少交通基础设施及其运营的费用。科学技术是第一生产力。科技是国家强盛之基，也是社会发展进步的保障。但科技也有局限性，需要人来监管，以最大地发挥科技服务于人类的作用。选文旨在让考生辩证地看待问题，意识到科技的利与弊，引导青少年努力学习科技，以便将来积极地为国家的科技进步和社会的发展做贡献，投身于科技创新中。Ⅱ.LookingandSpeakingeq\b\lc\[\rc\](\a\vs4\al\co1(\o(\s\up7(发展思维品质),\s\do5(提升表达能力))))请用英语写出你“看”到的下面图片的主题概要[参考答案]①Employment_support_policy_has_built_a_bridge_for_people_who_want_to_find_a_job.②When_everyone_has_something_to_do,_the_society_will_be_stable.③A_stable_work_will_promote_the_harmonious_development_of_the_society.①就业扶持政策给择业的人们搭建了一座桥。②人人有事做了，社会就安定了。③安定的工作会促进社会的和谐发展。Ⅲ.Writing增分写作，从写作基本功抓起[写作主题]假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom想要了解有关抽象艺术的知识，请根据以下内容，给他写一封电子邮件。1．过去颇受争议；2．现在成为当代文明的一部分。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearTom，Iamwritingtointroducetheroughsketchofabstractarttoyou.Lookingforwardtoyourreplyatyourearliestconvenience.Yours,LiHua[4步写作流程]第一步：句写对——给词写句eq\a\vs4\al(用方框内的词汇翻译句子)abstractart,controversial,fine,attempt,adopt,specialtechnique,sculpture,witha(n)..