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TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2023)
-GRADEFOUR-
TIMELIMIT:135MIN
PARTIDICTATION[15MIN]
Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwill
bedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.Youwillthenbegiven2minutestocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.
PleasewritethewholepassageonANSWERSHEETONE.
PARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION[20MIN]
InSectionsA,BandCyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.
MarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononAnswerSheetTwo.
SECTIONACONVERSATIONS
Inthissectionyouwillhearseveralconversations.Listentotheconversationscarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthat
follow.
Questions1to3arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentotheconversation.
1.Whataretheymainlytalkingaboutintheconversation?
A.Transport. B.Customers. C.Relocation. D.Restaurants.
2.WhichofthefollowingismentionedbyTimasagoodreasonformoving?
A.Moreofficespace. B.Convenientparking. C.Fewerofficeworkers. D.Anear-bytrainstation.
3.
WhyisJaneworriedaboutwinterinthenewlocation?
A.Itismuchcolderthere.
B.Therearefewactivities.
C.Therearenogoodrestaurants.
D.Thereisnocinemaortheatre.
Questions4to7arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven20secondsto
answerthequestions.Now,listentotheconversation.
4. MissParkinsonbecameinterestedinherownbusiness .
A.beforesheworkedforthemediacompany B.whenshewasonholidayfiveyearsago
C.aftershewenttotherapistsandclasses D.afterherfriendrecommendedittoher
5. Whydidsheaskherteacherstoteachherathome?
A.Shewasbusierthanbefore. B.Itwasmoreconvenient.
C.Shelikedtoexerciseathome. D.Shewasgivenapromotion.
6. WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtotheconversation?
A.Sherecommendedpeopletotakeclasses. B.Shewaswillingtopaymoreforclassesathome.C.Sheleftherjobimmediatelyafterherpromotion. D.Sheregardedthebusinessasapastimeatfirst.
7. Whydidshefinallyleaveherjob?
A.Shegotboredwithherjob.B.Shesawanopportunity. C.Sheneededthemoney. D.Shewasforcedtoleave.
Questions8to10arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentotheconversation.
8. WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedaboutthesingle-lensreflex?
A.Differentlensescanbeused. B.Focusingiseasier.
C.Youcanseewhatyouaretaking. D.Itischeaperandlighter.
9. Accordingtotheshopassistant,themaindifferencebetweenthetwotypesofcamerasliesin.
A.lens B.price C.weight D.size
10.Itcanbeinferredfromtheconversationthatthecustomerismorelikelytobuyintheend.
A.asingle-lenscamera B.nothing C.arangefindercamera D.severallensesinstead
SECTIONB PASSAGES
Inthissection,youwillhearseveralpassages.Listentothepassagescarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.
Questions11to13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.
11.WhichofthefollowingdetailsaboutthefrontofthehouseisCORRECT?
A.Thefrontispink. B.Thecurtainisdrawn. C.Nowindowcanbeseen. D.Therearetwodoors.
12.Whatistotheimmediateleftsideofthehouse?
A.Awashingline. B.Anotherhouse. C.Aflatarea. D.Achimney.
13.Whereisthesmalltowninthepicture?
A.Betweentwohills. B.Furthertotheleftofthehouse.C.Atthebackofthehouse. D.Atthesideofahill.
Questions14to17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.
14.WhendidBenfirstbecomeinterestedinMongolia?
A.Whenhegrewup. B.WhenhelearnedMongolian.
C.Whenhereturnedhome. D.Whenhewasnineyearsold.
15.Wheredidhespendmostofhisteenageyears?
A.InMongolia. B.IntheArabworld. C.Inhishometown. D.Insomeotherregions.
16.WelearnfromthepassagethatBenwhiledoinghismaster’sdegree.
A.becameinterestedinclassicalMongolian B.learnedclassicalandmodernMongolian
C.gaveupmodernMongolian D.masteredmodernMongolian
17.WhichofthefollowingdetailsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.BenwantstovisitMongoliawhentheweatheriswarm. B.Benconsidersthetravelexpensereasonable.C.Thetriptodayisexpensiveconsideringinflation. D.BenwasunabletotraveltoMongoliain1971.
Questions18to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.
18.WhichistheheightoftowersatSkyGreensverticalfarm?
A.9meters. B.20meters. C.100meters. D.40meters.
19.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Thefarmsellsitsvegetablestoalocalsupermarket. B.Thefarmuseslesswaterandenergytogrowvegetables.C.Thefarmcauseslesspollutioninitsproduction. D.Thefarmsellsatthesamepriceasimportedproduce
20.Accordingtothepassage,oneparticularadvantageoftheSkyGreenis.
A.localclimate B.localsupport C.planforexpansion D.closenesstothecity
SECTIONC NEWSBROADCAST
Inthissection,youwillhearseveralnewsitems.Listentothemcarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.
Questions21and22arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now.listentothenews.
21.Accordingtothepassage,Turkishpolicewereunsureabout .
A.whenthewomanwaskilled B.themaincauseofthedeath
C.thewoman’sidentity D.whyshefailedtoreturnhome
22.HowmanypeoplehadbeendetainedbyTurkishpolice?
A.9. B.19. C.22. D.33.
Questions23and24arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.
23.WhatisthesituationnowinKidalaccordingtothenews?
A.Islamistmilitantsarestillincontrolofthetown. B.Frenchforceshaveenteredthetown.
C.Frencharegoingtolandattheairport. D.Islamistmilitantsareattackingtheairport.
24.WhydidtheFrenchlaunchthemilitaryoperation?
A.TocontrolKidalairport. B.Toprotectthetown.
C.ToprotectthecapitalBamako. D.TofightagainstIslamistmilitants.
Questions25and26arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.
25.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheimmigrationreform?
A.Itwasproposedbyagroupofsenators. B.MrObamahadcarriedoutthereform.
C.Illegalimmigrantswouldsoonbegivencitizenship. D.Thereformfailedtoimprovethecurrentsystem.
26.AccordingtoObama’s2023blueprint,howlongwouldittakeforillegalimmigrantstogaincitizenship?
A.Eightyears. B.Fiveyears. C.Thirteenyears. D.Elevenyears.
Questions27and28arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.
27.WhatisLorraineMelvill’sbusiness?
A.Runningaplasticsurgeryclinic. B.Arrangingforsurgeryandsafaris.
C.Providingconsultancytolocalpeople. D.OrganizingtripstoUKandAmerican.
28.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothenewsitem?
A.LocalAfricanclientshelpedkeepherbusinessgoing. B.Herclientswereunabletopayherthemoney.
C.Herbusinesswasaffectedbytheglobalfinancialcrisis. D.ShestillhadasmanyEuropeanclientsasbefore.
Questions29isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven5secondstoanswerthequestion.Now,listentothenews.
29.Whatisthemainideaofthenewsitem?
A.Foreigninvestmentinunstableregions. B.BP’spresenceinNorthAfrica.
C.Securityconcernsinriskycountries. D.Protectionforforeignoilworkers.
Questions30isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven5secondstoanswerthequestion.Now,listentothenews.
30.Whatisthemainmessageofthenewsitem?
A.Londonattractsshoppersfromallovertheworld. B.MostpeopleinNigerialiveinpoverty.
C.WealthierNigeriansbecomeabigspender. D.PeoplefromtheMiddleEastarethemostwealthy.
PARTIII CLOZE [15MIN]
Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.MarkthebestchoiceforeachblankonANSWERSHEETTWO.
TheVictorianshadbecomeaddictedtospeedandtheywantedtogoeverfaster.Timewasmoneyandefficiencybecame
(31)important.Althoughdivisionsoflabourhadbeen(32)byAdamSmithandillustratedbyapinfactoryinTheWealthofNationsin1776,(33)couldnowbecomefullyrealised.Thisspecializationoflabourwasin(34)contrasttotheruralmeansofproduction,in(35)thefamilywasthemeansofproduction,consumptionandsocialization.(36)greaterspeedcameagreaterneedforindustriesandbusinessestomakemoreandmakeitquicker.Steammadethis(37)andchangedworkinglifeforever(38)werethedayswhenworkwas(39)bynaturalforces:steamengineswereservant(40)neitherseasonnorsunshine.Factorieshadforemenandlifebecamecorrespondinglymore(41).Theclocking-onmachinewas(42)in1885andtimeandmotionstudiestoincreaseefficiencywouldbeintroducedonly(43)twentyyearslater.(44)itwasnotallbadnews.Agriculturalincomesdependedonvariableharvestsandweather.Factoriesprovided(45)andpredictableincome,butlonghours.
Workinglifewasbecomingincreasinglyregulated,andtheworking(46)wasreorganisedtopromoteever-greaterefficiency.Theold(47)St.Monday-whennoworkwasdone-was(48),workstoppedaroundmiddayonSaturday
anddidnotresume(49)Mondaymorning.Anewdivisionbetween“work”and“leisure”emerged,andthisnewblockof
weekendleisuretimecoincidedwiththedevelopmentofspectatorsportslikecricketandfootball,andthe(50)_ofmusichallentertainmentforthenewworkingclasses.
31.A.increasingly
B.surprisingly
C.slowly
D.obviously
32.A.contributed
B.informed
C.spread
D.conceived
33.A.he
B.it
C.these
D.those
34.A.clear
B.marked
C.apparent
D.firm
35.A.that
B.what
C.where
D.which
36.A.Upon
B.Over
C.With
D.For
37.A.possible
B.practical
C.worthwhile
D.useful
38.A.Passed
B.Lost
C.Gone
D.Missed
39.A.defined
B.controlled
C.limited
D.dictated
40.A.over
B.on
C.by
D.to
41.A.standard
B.controlled
C.difficult
D.dreadful
42.A.designed
B.created
C.invented
D.bought
43.A.some
B.certain
C.these
D.those
44.A.For
B.But
C.Consequently
D.Accordingly
45.A.safe
B.good
C.continuous
D.secure
46.A.week
B.period
C.pattern
D.practice
47.A.culture
B.behaviour
C.custom
D.habit
48.A.repair
B.compensate
C.mend
D.moderate
49.A.before
B.until
C.on
D.after
50.A.raise
B.increase
C.trend
D.present
PARTIV GRAMMAR&VOCABULARY [15MIN]
Therearethirtysentencesinthissection.Beneatheachsentencetherearefourwords,phrasesorstatementsmarkedA,B,C
andD.Chooseoneword,phraseorstatementthatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.
51.Itisessentialthathe
_allthefactsfirst.
A.isexamining B.willexamine C.examines D.examine
52.Whichofthefollowingsentencesexpressesafutureaction?
A.Lucyiscontinuallyfindingfaultwithhersister. B.Wearemeetingthevisitorsaftertheperformance.C.ThecoachisnowcrossingtheGardenBridge. D.I’mhopingthatyou’llgiveussomeadvice.
53.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisusedasanobjectcomplement?
A.Thefrontdoorremainedlocked. B.Theboylookeddisappointed.
C.Nancyappearedworried. D.Heseemedtohavenomoneyleft.
54.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisINCORRECT?
A.Physicsisanimportantschoolsubject. B.TheNiagaraFallsisinNorthAmerica.C.TheUnitedStatesbordersCanada. D.Mumpsisakindofinfectiousdisease.
55.WhichofthefollowingsentencesindicatesPOSSIBILITY?
A.Themooncannotalwaysbeatthefull. B.Youcannotsmokeinsidethebuilding.C.Hecannotcometoday. D.Shecannotplaythepiano.
56.Theboysinthefamilyareoldenoughfor.
A.schools B.school C.theschool D.theschools
57.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsindicatesapredicate-objectrelationship?
A.HewasreadingMary’sletterintheroom.
B.Youcanbuymen’sshoesinthisshop.
C.Mrs.Black’spassportwaslost.
D.Theenemy’sdefeatbroughtthewartoanend.
58.
Pleasepardon you.
A.mydisturbing B.disturbingme
C.todisturb D.thatIdisturb
59.
WhichofthefollowingtagquestionsisINCORRECT?
A.Carrythisparcelforme,willyou?
B.Nobodywantstogothere,doeshe?
C.Fewpeopleknowhim,don’tthey?
D.Everythingisready,isn’tit?
60.Whichofthefollowingreflexivepronouns(反身代词)isusedasanobject?
A.Ispoketothepresidenthimself. B.Frankisnotquitehimselftoday.C.Lindaherselfwillplaytheviolin. D.Youmustpullyourselftogether.
61.Theresearchteamcanhandleneedstobehandled.
A.whenever B.whichever C.wherever D.whatever
62.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsmodifiesanadverb?
A.Iratherlikemyteacher. B.Thatwasaveryfunnyfilm.C.Doitrightnow. D.Wewalkedabout6miles.
63.Whenthesentence“Theyhadmadeamessofthehouse”isturnedintopassivevoice,whichofthefollowingis
CORRECT?
A.Amesshadbeenmadeinthehouse. B.Amesshadbeenmadebythem.C.Thehousehadbeenmadeamessof. D.Thehousehadbeenmadeamess.
64.FoolMichaelis,hecouldnothavedonesuchathing.
A.as B.who C.that D.like
65.Whenthesentence“ShallIdriveyoutotheairportfirst?”isturnedintoindirectspeech,whichofthefollowingismostappropriate?
A.Heagreedtodrivemetotheairportfirst. B.Heofferedtodrivemetotheairportfirst.
C.Headvisedmetogototheairportfirst. D.HesuggestedthatIdrivetotheairportfirst.
66.Theinterviewerswereimpressedbythehighcalibreoftheapplicantsforthejob.Theunderlinedpartmeans_.
A.criterion B.quality C.qualification D.level
67.Hercareerhasanumberofactivities—composing,playingandacting.
A.held B.produced C.embraced Dbined
68.Theoperationcouldherlifebytwoorthreeyears.
A.prolong B.increase C.expand D.continue
69.Allhercousinsandtheirchildrenhavefairhair.Theunderlinedpartmeans .
A.fine B.dark C.thick D.light
70.Johnalwaysfeelssluggishfirstthinginthemorning.Theunderlinedpartmeans.
A.sick B.inactive C.dizzy D.drowsy
71.Thefamilyofthevictimhadtoendurealongwaitbeforethecasecanetotrial.Theunderlinedpartmeans.
A.tolerate B.keep C.face D.hold
72.Thechiefofsurgerybecamecommitteechairmanbyvirtueof.
A.seniority B.service C.age D.rank
73.Heturnedhisbackonthemwhentheymostneededhim.Theunderlinedpartmeans.
A.criticized B.ignored C.betrayed D.deceived
74.OurschooldidnotforChristmasuntilmid-December.
A.breakout B.breakdown C.breakup D.breakin
75.Theflagsinthestadium
inthewind.
A.flapped B.moved C.shook D.stirred
76.Hismotherretiredearlyonaccountofpoorhealth.Theunderlinedpartmeans.
A.despite B.with C.accordingto D.becauseof
77.Thewholecountrywasin
overtheresultoftheelections.
A.suspension B.suspense C.suspending D.suspender
78.Thereisnoconceivablereasonwhythereshouldbeanydifficultyduringtheproject.TheunderlinedpartcanbereplacedbyallthefollowingEXCEPT.
A.thinkable B.imaginable C.possible D.observable
79.Theemployersprepared,withalldueforaconferencewiththeTradeUnions.
A.caution B.concern C.certainty D.consideration
80.Ourexperimentwasconductedunderoptimalconditions.Theunderlinedpartmeans.
A.perfect B.proper C.possible D.proposed
PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION[25MIN]
Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswers
markedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.
TEXTA
Afterbreakfasttheboyswanderedoutintotheplay-ground.Heretheday-boysweregraduallyassembling.Theyweresons
ofthelocalclergy,oftheofficersattheDepot,andofsuchmanufacturersormenofbusinessastheoldtownpossessed.Presentlyabellrang,andtheyalltroopedintoschool.Thisconsistedofalarge,longroomatoppositeendsofwhichtwoundermastersconductedthesecondandthirdforms,andofasmallerone,leadingoutofit,usedbyMr.Watson,whotaughtthefirstform.Toattachthepreparatorytotheseniorschoolthesethreeclasseswereknownofficially,onspeechdaysandinreports,asupper,middle,andlowersecond.Philipwasputinthelast.Themaster,ared-facedmanwithapleasantvoice,wascalledRice;
hehadajollymannerwithboys,andthetimepassedquickly.Philipwassurprisedwhenitwasquartertoelevenandtheywereletoutfortenminutes'rest.
Thewholeschoolrushednoisilyintotheplay-ground.Thenewboysweretoldtogointothemiddle,whiletheothersstationedthemselvesalongoppositewalls.TheybegantoplayPigintheMiddle.Theoldboysranfromwalltowallwhilethe
newboystriedtocatchthem:whenonewasseizedandthemysticwordssaid-one,two,three,andapigforme-hebecamea
81.
Fromthebeginningofthepassagewelearnthat .
A.somepupilscamefromthelocalarea
B.theschoolonlyacceptedday-boys
C.theschoolhadonlythreeclasses
D.Philip’sclasswaspartoftheseniorschool
82.
WhatwasPhilip’sreactiontohisclass?
A.Hethoughtclasswastooshort.
B.Hefoundhisclasssurprising.
C.Heseemedtohaveenjoyedit.
D.Hewantedtochangeclass.
83.
InthegamePhiliplosthisgroundbecause .
A.thegamewasn’tfitfornewboyslikehim
B.theplaygroundwasn’tbigenoughforthegame
C.hedidnotknowtherulesofthegame
D.hecouldnotrunasquicklyasotherboys
84.
WhatdidtheboysdoafterPhiliplosthisground?
A.Theycontinuedwiththegame.
B.Theystoppedtomakefunofhim.
C.Theychangedtoanothergame.
D.Theystoppedandwentinside.
85.
HowdidPhilipfeelintheend?
prisonerand,turningsides,helpedtocatchthosewhowerestillfree.Philipsawaboyrunningpastandtriedtocatchhim,buthislimpgavehimnochance;andtherunners,takingtheiropportunity,madestraightforthegroundhecovered.ThenoneofthemhadthebrilliantideaofimitatingPhilip’sclumsyrun.Otherboyssawitandbegantolaugh;thentheyallcopiedthefirst;andtheyranroundPhilip,limpinggrotesquely,screamingwithshrilllaughter.Theylosttheirheadswiththedelightoftheirnewamusement,andchokedwithhelplessmerriment.OneofthemtrippedPhilipupandhefell,heavilyashealwaysfell,andcuthisknee.Theylaughedallthelouderwhenhegotup.Aboypushedhimfrombehind,andhewouldhavefallenagainifanotherhadnotcaughthim.ThegamewasforgottenintheentertainmentofPhilip’sdeformity.Philipwascompletelyscared.Hecouldnotmakeoutwhytheywerelaughingathim.Hisheartbeatsothathecouldhardlybreathe,andhewasmorefrightenedthanhehadeverbeeninhislife.Hestoodstillstupidlywhiletheboysranroundhim,mimickingandlaughing;theyshoutedtohimtotryandcatchthem;buthedidnotmove.Hedidnotwantthemtoseehimrunanymore.Hewasusingallhisstrengthtopreventhimselffromcrying.
A.Hewasashamedofhimself. B.Hewasverynervous.C.Hewasreallyhorrified. D.Hefelthimselfstupid.
TEXTB
Forparentswhosendtheirkidsofftocollegesaying,“Thesewillbethebestyearsofyourlife,”itwouldbevery
appropriatetoadd,“Ifyoucanhandlethestressofcollegelife.”
Freshmenareshowingupalreadystressedout,accordingtothelatestresearchstudythatreportedstudents’emotionalhealthlevelsattheirlowestsincethesurveystartedin1985.Whileinschool,morestudentsareworkingpart-timeand
near-full-timejobs.Atgraduation,only29percentofseniorshavejobslinedup.
Pressuretoexceloftencreatesstress,andmanystudentsarenotlearninghowtoeffectivelyhandlethisstress.LetmeshowfivefactsthatIbelieveeverycollegestudentshouldknowaboutstress.
First,stresscanmakesmartpeopledostupidthings.Stresscauseswhatbrainresearcherscall“corticalinhibition.”In
simpleterms,stressinhibitsapartofthebrainresponsiblefordecision-makingandreactiontimeandcanadverselyaffectothermentalabilitiesaswell.
Second,thehumanbodydoesn’tdiscriminatebetweenabigstressfuleventandalittleone.Anystressfulexperiencewill
createabout1,400biochemicaleventsinyourbody.Ifanyamountofstressisleftunchecked,manythingscanoccurwithinthebody,includingprematureaging,impairedcognitivefunctionandenergydrain.
Third,stresscanbecomeyournewpattern.Whenyouregularlyexperiencenegativefeelingsandhighamountsofstress,yourbrainrecognizesthisasyournormalstate.Thisthenbecomesthenewnorm,orbaselineforyouremotionalstate.
Fourth,stresscanbecontrolled.Countlessstudiesdemonstratethatpeoplecanrestructuretheiremotionalstateusing
emotion-refocusingtechniques.Thesetechniqueshelpyourecognizehowyouarefeelingandshifttoamorepositiveemotional,mentalandphysicalstate.
Onetechniqueinvolvesslowingyourthoughtsandfocusingonyourheartbeat,breathingslowlyanddeeply,andfocusingonthepositivefeelingthatyoureceive.
Finally,stresscanbelessenedbylovingwhatyoustudy.BarbaraFrederickson,aleadinginternationalauthorityonthe
importanceofpositiveemotions,sayshumansaregeneticallyprogrammedtoseekpositiveemotionssuchasloveandjoy.It'ssuggestedtochooseamajororcareerpathyouloveandenjoy.Otherwise,youcouldendupfightingagainstyourownbiology.
86.Theauthorcitesthelatestresearchstudyinordertoshowthat.
A.studentsarestudyingharderincollege B.moststudentshavepart-timejobnow
C.stresscontinuestothetimeofgraduation D.studentsonlyfeelstressedwhileinschool
87.Accordingtothepassage,stressmightcauseallthefollowingnegativeeffectsEXCEPT.
A.social B.mental C.emotional D.physical
88.Intheauthor’sopinion,stresscanbecontrolledby.
A.doingwhatyouprefer B.identifyingyourpresentemotionalstatefirst
C.findingamorepositivefeelingfirst D.focusingonyouremotionalstate
89.Accordingtothecontext,whatdoes“yourownbiology”meaninthelastparagraph?
A.Yourcurrentmajor. B.Yourfuturejob. C.Yourfutureresearch. D.Yourpreference.
90.Whichofthefollowingisthebestasthetitleofthepassage?
A.CausesofStress. B.TypeofStress.College C.LifeandStress. D.StressandControlMethods.
TEXTC
Foranyonewhodoubtsthatthetextingrevolutionisuponus,considerthis:Theaverage13-to17-year-oldsendsand
receives3,339textsamonth—morethan100perday,accordingtotheNielsenCo.,themediaresearchfirm.Adultsarecatchingup.Peoplefromages45to54sentandreceived323textsamonthinthesecondquarterof2023,up75%fromayearago,Nielsensays.
Behindthetextingexplosionisafundamentalshiftinhowweviewourmobiledevices.Thattheyarephonesisincreasinglybesidethepoint.
Partofwhat'sdrivingthetextingsurgeamongadultsisthepopularityofsocialmedia.SiteslikeTwitter,withpostingsofnomorethan140characters,arecreatingandreinforcingthehabitofcommunicatinginmicro-bursts.
Economicshasmuchtodowithtexting’spopularity.Textmessagescostcarrierslessthantraditionalmobilevoicetransmissions,andsotheycostusersless.SprintNextelhasreconceiveditsVirginMobilebrandtocatertoheavytextersina
difficulteconomy.For$25permonth,usersgetunlimitedtexting,email,socialnetworkingand300talkminutes;foranother
$15,theygetanadditional900talkminutes.Thenameofthebrand'snewwirelessplan:“BeyondTalk.”
Texting’sriseoverconversationischangingthewayweinteract,socialscientistsandresearcherssay.Wearenowinclinedtotexttorelaydifficultinformation.Westareatourphonewhenwewanttoavoideyecontact.Ratherthanmakeplansinadvance,weengageinwhatresearchhavenamed“micro-coordination”—”I’lltxtuin10minswhenIknowwh/restrnt.”
Textingsavesustime,butitstealsfromquietreflection.“Whenpeoplehaveamobiledeviceandhaveevenalittleextra
time,theywillcommunicatewithsomeoneintheirlife,”saysLeeRainie,directorofthePewInternetandAmericanLife
Project.
Andthephoneconversationwillneverbecompletelyobsolete.Dealmakersandotherprofessionalsstillspendmuchofthedayonthephone.Researcherssaypeoplearemorelikelytousetext-basedcommunicationsatthepreliminarystagesofprojects.Thephonecomesintoplaywhentherearemultipleoptionstoconsiderorimportantdecisionstobemade.
91.Atthebeginningofthepassage,theauthorusesfiguresforthepurposeof .
A.introduction Bparison C.explanation D.transition
92.Accordingtothecontext,whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“besidethepoint”?
A.Unimportant. B.Unacknowledged. C.Underestimated. D.Undeniable.
93.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacausefortexting’spopularity?
A.Promotionofcheaperwirelesspackages. B.Increaseinthenumberofadulttexters.C.Redesignofmobiledevices. D.Riseofsocialmedia.
94.Accordingtothepassage,textingcanhelppeopleto.
A.facedifficultsituations B.makeappointmentsinadvance
Cmunicatewishstrangers D.avoidawkwardsituations
95.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Texting’spopularityandeffect. B.Roleoftextinginbusiness.
C.Preferencetotextingoverthinking. D.Innovationofmobiledevices.
TEXTD
Thehealthyadolescentboyorgirllikestodotherealthingsinlife,todothethingsthatmatter.Hewouldratherbeaplumber’smateanddoarealjobthatrequiresdoingthanlearnabouthydrostaticssittingatadesk,withoutunderstandingwhat
practicalusetheyaregoingtobe.Agirlwouldratherlookafterthebabythanlearnaboutchildcare.Logicallyweshouldlearnaboutthingsbeforedoingthemandthatispresumablywhythepunditsenforcethisinoureducationalsystem.Butitisnotthe
naturalway-nor,Iventuretothink,thebestway.Theadolescentwantstodothingsfirstforonlythendoesheappreciatetheproblemsinvolvedandwanttolearnmoreaboutthem.
Theydothesethingsbetterinprimitivelife,forthereatpubertytheboyjoinshisfatherinmakingcanoes,patchinghuts,
goingoutfishingorhunting.Heisservinghisapprenticeshipintheactualaccomplishmentsoflife.Itisnotsurprisingthatanthropologists(人类学家)findthattheadolescentsofprimitivecommunitiesdonotsufferfromthesameneurotic(神经质的)
“difficulties”asthoseofcivilizedlife.Thisisnot,assomeassume,becausetheyarepermittedmoresexualfreedom,butbecausetheyaregivenmorenaturaloutletsfortheirnativeinterestsandpowersandareallowedtogrowupfreelyintoafulllifeofresponsibilityinthecommunity.
Inthe19thcenturythiswasrecognizedintheapprenticeshipsystem,whichallowedtheboytogooutwiththemastercarpenter,orploughman,toengageintheactualworkofcarpentryorroof-mending,andsotolearnhistrade.Insome
agriculturalcollegesatthepresenttimeyoungmenhavetodoayear’sworkonafarmbeforetheirtheoreticaltrainingatcollege.Thegreatadvantageofthissystemisthatitletstheapprenticeseethepracticalproblemsbeforehesetstoworklearninghowto
solvethem,andhecanthereforetakeamoreintelligentinterestinhistheoreticalwork.
Sincemoreknowledgeofmorethingsisnowrequiredinordertocopewiththeadultworld,theperiodofgrowing-uptoindependencetakesmuchlongerthanitdidinamoreprimitivecommunity,andtheresponsibilityforsucheducation,whichformerlywasinthehandsoftheparents,isnownecessarilyundertakenbyexpertsatschool.Butthatshouldnotmakeuslosesightofthebasicprinciple,namelytheneedandthedesireoftheadolescenttoengageresponsiblyintherealpursuitsoflifeandthentolearnhow—tolearnthroughresponsibility,nottolearnbeforeresponsibility.
96.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthenaturalwayofeducation?
A.Doingthingswhilelearning. B.Doingthingsasanapprentice.
C.Doingthingsbeforelearning. D.Learningpracticalknowledgefirst.
97.Themainadvantageofthenaturalwayofeducation,whetherinprimitiveormoderntimes,isthatlearners.
A.canlearnthetradethroughsolvingproblemsatwork B.canworkwiththeirmastersthroughouttheirlearning
C.aregivenmorefreedomindoingthingsandlearning D.aregivenopportunitiestodeveloptheirinterestfirst
98.Accordingtothecontext,“this”inthethirdparagraphrefersto.
A.thewayoflearninginprimitivecommunities B.thedifficultiesmodernadolescentsexperience
C.theamountoffreedominlearninginprimitivelife D.thekindofskillsboyslearnedfromtheirfather
99.Accordingtotheauthor,learningshouldnowbedoneinschoolforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat.
A.moresubje
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