让步状语从句

授课内容提纲：1.复U4单，不规则动词。语讲解，练习固。中链接一易混淆的语法讲解，相应的练习题。练巩固提升一、语法讲解让步状语从句although

“尽管……即使……”连接词：although（尽管,though（尽管,however（无论怎样）whatever（无论什么,（无论谁（无论谁,（无论哪个,whenever（无论何时）（无论哪里）whether（是否）nomatter(who,what,where,etc)（无论……,even（即使）eventhough即使）等。注意：当有though,although时，后面的从句不能有but但是though和yet可连用.这两个连词意思大致相同一般情况下可以互换使用口语中，though常使用，although比though正式，Althoughit'sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.然在下雨们仍在地里干活。Although/Thoughhewaswornout,(still)keptonThoughthesorehealed,ascarmayremain.伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了语）Although/Thoughheisveryold,(yet)heisquitestrong.Heisveryold,buthestillworksveryhard.然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。值得注意的是，although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多，though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。例如：Shepassedexaminationthoughshehadnotstudiedhard.()1.___sheisyoung,sheknowsquiteaA.WhenB.HoweverC.AlthoughD.Unlessif/even

即使We’llmakeaevenif/thoughtheweatheris示“不论是否……是……还是……”之意You'llhaveattendceremonywhetheryou'refreeorbusy.Whetheryoubelieveornot,it'strue.“matter+疑问”或疑词ever的含义为“……都……；不管……都……它们引导的让步状语从句可以互换。例如matterwhathappened,wouldnotmind.(=Whateverhappened,wouldnotmind.)Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustkeeplaw.(=Whoeveryouare,youmustkeeplaw.()1.—Youboughtthecarabouttenyearsago?—Yes.______’sold,itstillrunswell.

A.BecauseB.SinceC.AlthoughD.But()2._____wegavehimsomethingtoeat,hewouldsaveupforhislittlesister.A.WhateverB.HoweverC.WheneverD.Whichever()3.Thoughitrainedheavilyyesterday,____gottoschoolontime.AbutB/Cand()4.Aliceisagoodstudent._____,shehasoneshortcoming.A.althouguB.asC.howeverD.evenif()5.Maryspendsalotofmoneyonclothes_______herfamilyisnotrich.A.becauseB.thouguC.ifD.so()6._____difficultthetaskbe,wewilltryourbesttofinishit.A.NomatterB.NowonderC.ThoughD.However中考链接：()1.____it’sdifficulttomakeherdreamcometrue,shenevergivesA.ThoughB.UnlessC.BecauseD.If()2.______theymaysucceed,theywilltrybest.A.ThoughB.WhenC.BecauseD.Unless()3._______Harryisonly10yearsheknowsmoreaboutsciencethanhisbrother.A.Though/Though；butC.Though；()4._______wellyouyoumustdrivecarefully.A.NomatterwhereB.InorderthatC.matterhowD.as()5.______hamburgersarejunkfood,manychildrenlikethem.A.IfUnlessC.BecauseD.Although()6.MybrotherandIlookdifferent________wearetwins.A.unlessB.asC.thoughD.because一些易混淆的语法讲:1.四个花费：spend，，区(1)spend／moneyonsth.在…上花费时/钱例：spenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.timemoney(in)doingsth.花时金钱)做某事。例：Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingbridge.moneyforsth.花买……例：moneywasspentbooks.他钱用来买书了。(2)sth.costs(sb.)＋钱某物花了(某人多少钱。例：newcostsalotofmoney.一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。take后面常跟双宾语takessb.＋时＋dosth.做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Ittookthemthreeyearsbuildthisroad.的本用法是：pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付给某人)买……havetopaythem20dollarsforthisroomeachmonth.forsth.付…的钱。例：Ihavepayforthebookforsb.替人付钱。例Donworry!I'llpayforyou.

习题：)1.Ihaveto___them20forthisroomeachmonth.A.payB.paidC.costD.()2.Theyspendtoomuchtime___thereportA.writingB.writeC.onwritingD.write()3.Whatbeautifulshoes’rewearing!Theymustbeexpensive.--No，they——yuanA．spentBtookC．paidDcost()4.Willyouplease____formydinner,Peter?--Sure!A.spendB.payC.costD.take()5.Itwill____metoomuchtimetoreadthisbook.A.takecostC.D.pay()6.Thissciencebook____agreatamountofmoney.A.tookcostC.usedD.spent2.Some的别：Some的法1.some:adj.（多用于肯句、希得到对法定答疑句）1）饰可数词数指三个或三个以上些若干”eg.Somechildrenlikeplayinginthepark.Wouldyoulikesomeapples?2）饰不可名些、若干”eg.Thereissomewaterbottle.Wouldyoulikesometeaorcoffee?2.pron.“些人、一些物；有些人、有些物”eg.Therearemanypeoplepark.Somearewalking.Somearetalking.eg.Someofthedumplingsareofshrimps(虾,小虾.二Any的用法1.（多用否句疑句1）饰不可名何量的”eg.CanyouspeakanyFrench?2）饰可数词数何数目的人或物”eg.I’eatanyapples.eg.Arethereinthedrawer?3）于肯定中修饰单数可数名词一个”eg.Gn.“何一个人物”eg.Shedidn’tanyofthemoney.总：表示一些时some用肯定句和希望得肯定回答的疑问句中any用否定句和疑问句中1.Thereare()newspapersontable.2.Isthere)breadonplate？3.Arethere()ontheriver?4.Doyouhave)brothers---Ihavetwobrothers.5.Isthere()inthecup?---thereis()teainit,butthereisn’tmilk.6.Iwanttoyou()questions.7.Myboywants()waterdrink.8.Thereare()tablesintheroom,buttherearen’t()chairs.9.Wouldyou()milk?10.Willyougiveme()paper?

3./&a/1.Thereis_______waterintheglass.Let'sandsome.A.fewB.muchC.manyD.little2.Westillhave_______applesinthebasket.Youdonhavetobuyany.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle3.IamnewSoI_______friendshere.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle4.Thereis_______moneyinmypocket,soIcan’tbuyanythingnow.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle5._______peopleknowwherePhilliplives.Onlyhisparentscantellus.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle6.Thereis_______inkinmybottle,yougiveme_______A.few,afewB.little,littleC.alittle,littleD.alittle,alittle7.Ienjoylifehere.Ifriendsandmeetquiteoften.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle二、练习提升语法选择Once,akinglovedmusicsomuchthathesearchedtheworldforthebestinstrument.Oneday,amagicman__1__thekinga竖.kingtookittothepalace,butplayedit,theharpsoundedterrible.Many__3__peopletriedit.Theyagreedthattheharpwas__4__andthekinghadfooled.harpwasthrownasrubbish.Alittlegirl__5__foundtheharp,andevenshe’tknowhow__6__it,shedecidedtohaveatry.Sheplayedandplayed,daythrough,formonthsandyears.Themusicsheproducedwasneverperfect,__7__eachtimeitsoundedabetter.Thenonesuddenly,thestartedtoplaythemostbeautifulmusic.Itwasinfact__8___magicharp,andcouldbeplayedwellbywhowouldputinthe

necessaryeffort.kingheardthefromhiswindow,andcalledthegirltothepalace.Whenkingsawthatshewasplayingoldhefilled__9__joy.Atthatmomenthethegirlhisprivate__10__,givingherandherfamilyriches.()1.A.offeroffersC.offeredD.hasoffered()2.A.whenB.beforeC.D.because()3.A.anotherotherC.othersD.other()4.A.usedB.usingC.uselessD.uselessness()5.A.lateB.latelyC.latestD.later()6.A.playedtoC.playingD.toplaying()7.A.soB.andC.orD.but()8.A.aB.anC.theD./()9.A.inB.ofC.byD.with()10.A.musicB.musicalC.musicianD.musically完型填空KiermanwasborninSydney,Australia,andgrewupnearthesea.Formorethan40years,heracedininternationalsailingcompetitions.In1987,Kiermanwascompetinganaround-worldracewhenhebeganto__1__thehugeamountofrubbishinworld’soceans.hereturnedtoAustralia,hetodosomethingaboutit.Heorganizedacommunity__3__called“CleanUpSydneyHarbour.”Sunday,January1989,morethan40,000volunteerscame__4__awayrubbish.Thenextyear,madetheclean-upanationalevent.wasa__5__.AcrossAustralia,about300,000peoplespentthedayimprovingtheirlocal__6___.Sincethen,“CleanUpAustralia”hasgot__7__everyyear.In2002,forexample,800,000peoplecleanedupalmost15,000tonsofrubbishfromAustralia’sbeaches,parksandstreets.Kiermanwas__8___withthesuccessofhisproject.In2003,hestartedanbiggerprogram.Withthe__9__oftheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram,introduced“CleantheWorld”,internationalprogramthatsupportscommunitiesaroundtheworldincleaningupandprotectingenvironment.“CleantheWorldhasgrownandhiswonderfulideahasnowspreadfromcitytothewholeworld.()1.A.saveB.collectC.noticeD.produce()2.A.refusedB.decidedC.pretendedD.stopped()3.A.lawB.partyC.companyD.()4.A.clearB.sendC.turnD.()5.A.problemB.successC.surpriseD.failure()6.A.cultureB.projectC.governmentD.environment()7.A.olderB.smallerC.biggerD.faster()8.A.happyB.angryC.disappointedD.concerned()9.A.needB.C.hopeD.action()10.A.loudlygentlyC.rapidlyD.busily阅读理解Mostofusprobablylivewithoutvegetables,aworldwithoutchocolate?Nowthat

wouldbehard!Accordingtochocolatemakersitcouldhappenifdonactsoon.Theretwomainofchocolateshortage---chocolategrowingpopularityandlessproductionofcocoa,theplantfromwhichchocolateismade.WithmoreandmorepeopleIndiaandChinalovingchocolate,notmuchcanbedoneaboutthefirstcause.Therefore,theonlythingwecandoistoincreasecocoaproduction.However,plantdiseasesandrainIvoryCoastandGhana,theworld’slargestproducers,havereducedcocoaproduction40percentinthepast10years.What’sworse,manycocoafarmersAfricaandothercocoa-producingcountriesIndonesiaandVenezuelaarechangingtoeasier-togrowcropssuchascornorrubber.way,thefarmerscanmakemoremoney.preventmorefarmersfromchanging,researchersnewlyopenedInternationalCocoaControlCentre,inUK,aretryingtocreatenewcocoaplantsthatarestrongerandfastergrowing.Butfirsttheymustmakesuretheplantsaresafetogrow.Thistakesalongtime.First,eachnewplantisstoredatControlCentrefortomakesureitishealthy.ItisthenplantedintheCentre’sfields,studiedandtestedforanothertwoyears.Onlyafterscientistsarecertainthatthey’re-free,willplantsbesenttofarmersinWestAfricaorwhereverareneeded.createstrongertypesofcocoa,scientistsa