河南省部分重点高中高三2022-2023学年下学期5月顶尖计划联考英语试题

天一大联考“顶尖计划”2023届高中毕业班第四次考试英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt？A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whichistheman'sfavoritesport?A.Golf.B.Tennis.C.Badminton.2.Howdidthewomanspendherwinterholiday?A.Byreadingbooks.B.Byvisitingfriends.C.Bytravelingabroad.3.Whatarethespeakersdoingnow?A.Searchingforsomething.B.Makingrepairs.C.Havingdinner.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthelecturer?A.Encouraging.B.Uninteresting.C.Humorous.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Awedding.B.Adress.C.Aperson.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whyisthemansobusynow?A.Becausehehasameetingtoattend.B.Becausehehastotakeanexam.C.Becausehehastofinishareport.7.What'sthewoman'ssuggestionfortheman?A.Talkingtotheteacher.B.Havingarest.C.Buyingacomputer.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Driverandpoliceman.C.Waiterandcustomer.9.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.Hehasnointerestinpopsongs.B.Hethinkslittleoffollowingfashion.C.Heneedshelpfromothersbadly.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whenwillthefirstcourseend?A.OnJuly3.B.OnJuly20.C.OnAugust10.11.Howmuchisthesecondcourse?A.£50.B.£500.C.£550.12.Whereisthemanfrom?A.England.B.France.C.Finland.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.What'sthewoman'sproblem?A.Shehadanaccident.B.Shewastestoomuchtime.C.Shehasfewfriendstotalkto.14.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Apsychologist.B.Amanager.C.Apoliceman.15.Howcanthewomansolveherproblem?A.Byhavingarest.B.Byhelpingherfriends.C.Bytalkingwithherclassmates.16.Howdoesthewomanfeelafterhearingtheman'sadvice?A.Delighted.B.Surprised.C.Disappointed.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whendidthewildfirehappen?A.At2pm,Friday.B.About3pm,Friday.C.Before1pm,Friday.18.HowdidpeopleintheLincolnHeightsneighborhodreacttothefire?A.Theycalledforhelpatonce.B.Theytriedtoputoutthefire.C.Theywereforcedtoescape.19.WhatseasonisitnowinCalifornia?A.Thefireseason.B.Therainyseason.C.Thesnowyseason.20.WheredidthelatestfirehappeninWeed?A.Inawoodfactory.B.Inashoefactory.C.Inasupermarket.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AJustafewminutesfromdowntownGatlinburganditsmillionsofsummertinvisitorsisanincrediblenaturalphenomenonknownassynchronous（同步的fireflies.Thisbreathtakingshowputonbynatureisanexperienceyouwillnewforget.WhyDoTheyFlash?Thedistinctflashingpatternofthesynchronousfirefliesisdifficulttodescribeandnearlyimpossibletophotographorcatchonfilm.Thelighttheygiveout,whichproducesnoheat,isduetoachemicalreactionofluciferinandoxygenandisusetoattractamate.WhenCanIViewTheSynchronousFirefliesInTheSmokyMountains?The2023datesfortheofficialSmokyMountainsNationalParksynchronousfireflieseventareJune3-June10,2023!HowDoIGetTicketsForSynchronousFirefliesInTheSmokyMountains?Thelottery（抽奖）periodforthe2023synchronousfirefliesofficialparkpasseopensonFriday,April28at8amandclosesonMonday,May1at8pm.Oncethepassesgoonsale,youwillbeabletopurchasethemfromR.Foreachoftheevenings,thereare111advanceparkingpasses(first-comefirst-serve)and36largevehiclepasses(first-come,first-serve).EachofthelotteryapplicantswillreceiveanotificationonwhetherornotvehiclepasswillbeawardedonFriday,May12,2023.Ifyouareselected,youwillbechargeda$25.00(pervehicle)feeforthepassbyRandanadditional$2.00(cashonly)feeperpersonwhileboardingtheround-tripshuttletotheviewingarea.Note:IfyoudonotgetaticketfromR,pleasedonotcontactthepark-theydon'thaveadditionalticketsorpasses.21.Whatkindofeventisthetextabout?A.Ayardsale.B.Anaturalscene.C.Afilmfestival.D.Anartshow.22.Whatinformationcanwegetabouttheevent?A.Itisdesignedforphotographers.B.ItisscheduledtoendonMay1.C.Itbanslargevehiclesfromentry.D.Itchoosesparticipantsthroughlottery.23.Howmuchshouldalotterywinnerwithhistwokidspaytojoinintheevent?A.$25.00.B.$29.00.C.$31.00.D.$75.00.BInmylatestnovel,Aphrodite’sTears,IwantedtodrawonthisancientGreektraditionofsponge（海绵）diving，andexplorethetraditionssurroundingthewayoflife.MyfictionalislandofHelios,therefore,hasalongassociationwithspongediving,andtheheroineOriel,anewcomertotheislandandadiverherself,iskeentolearnallaboutit.Damian,theleaderoftheisland,explainstoOrielthatinhisfather'sgeneration,spongedivingwasoneofthemainindustriesontheisland.AsizeablegroupofislanderswouldleaveeachMay-yetintheautumn,asmallergroupwouldreturn.“Inthosedays,”Damianexplains,“onemaninthreewaseitherdeadorcrippled（残疾的）fromthecaissondiseasebeforetheyreachedmarriageableage.”UnderDamian'sleadership,othermeansofearningalivingarebeingdeveloped-suchasoliveoilproduction.Butsomeofthemencontinuetofollowintheirancestors'footstepsanddiveforsponges,andeachyeartherearestilltwoorthreedeaths.TheemotionalimpactoftheselossesonthelittleislandcommunityisapparenttoOrielwhenshecomesacrossashrine（祠堂）bytheport.Theresheseestinypaintingsthattellthestoryofthespongedivers,andbeforethepaintings,somanyflowersandgifts.Theyarelaidbythewomenofthesponge-divingfamilies,asofferingsforprotectionfortheirmenandasthanksforthemiracleoftheirsafereturn.Why,Orielwonders,wouldthesementaketherisk?Afterall,withsynthetic（合成的）spongesfloodingthemarket，spongedivingisnowherenearaslucrativeasitusedtobe.“Itcomesdowntotradition,”Damianexplains:“Totheromanticyoung,itnaturallyseemsagrandthingtosailawayeverysummertotheshoresofAfricaandtocomeback,pocketsfullofmoney,hailedahero...Ihaveseenyoungboysplayingatspongefishing:swimmingunderwater,wearingthesponge-fisher'smaskandcarryingtheirspear,pretendingtodetachspongesfromthebottomofthesea.Anaura（气息）ofheroismsurroundstheprofession.”24.What'sappealingtoOrielonHeliosIsland?A.Themainlocalindustries.C.ThesceneryofHeliosIsland.B.Herancestors'wayoflife.D.Thetraditionofspongediving.25.HowdoesOriel'sfeelwhenseeingthesceneattheshrineprobably?A.Pride.B.Sad.C.Frightened.D.Grateful.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“lucrative”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Dangerous.B.Profitable.C.Traditional.D.Entertaining.27.Whydosomeyoungpeopletodayfollowthetraditionofspongediving?A.Itbringsthemmuchfun.C.Itshowstheircourageousspirit.B.Itremainsamajorindustry.D.It'sturnedintoatouristattraction.CBothantsandhumanbeingsrespondtoisolationinsimilarways.Inisolatedindividualsofbothspecies,researchershaveobservedthattheimmunesystemislessefficient.Humansandothersocialmammalswillexperiencehighlevelsofstresswhentheyareisolatedfromthegroup,whichhasanegativeeffectonbothwell-beingandphysicalhealth.Isolatedpeopletendtobecomeanxious,depressed,lonely,andmoresubjecttoaddictions.Theywillalsohaveaweakerimmunesystem,andtheisolationwillimpacttheirhealthnegativelyoverall.Whiletheseeffectshavebeenwellstudiedinhumansandmice,relativelylittleisknownabouthowisolationaffectssocialinsects.Antsareextremelysocial.Theywilllivetheirentirelivesaspartofthesamecolony（群体）andtheirsurvivalwillbeentirelydependentontheirnestmates.Thissocialfunctionissoimportanttothemthatworkerantswillabandontheirreproductivecapacityanddevotethemselvestotendingtotheneedsofthequeenandthecolony.ResearcherspaidattentiontoantsoftheTemnothoraxnylanderi,whichisaEuropeanspeciesthatwillcreatecoloniesinsideacorns（橡实）andsticks.Thesecoloniesconsistofafewdozenworkers,andtheresearcherstookindividualmembersandisolatedthemforvariousperiodsoftime,fromanhourto28days.Thestudyrevealedthreekeyaspectsoftheeffectsofisolation.Whentheisolatedworkerswerereturnedtothecolony,theyshowedlessinterestinotheradultants，andinsteadchosetospendmoretimewiththebrood（幼雏）.Theywerealsolessinterestedincleaningthemselves，whichisabehaviornoticedinmostsocialanimalsthatareisolated.Thisbehaviorincreasedtheriskofparasite（寄生虫）infections.Thethirdobservationwasrelatedtothegeneactivityoftheisolatedindividuals--genesthatwereresponsibleforstressresponseandimmunesystemfunctionwerelessactive.Onceagain,thisissomethingobservedacrossallsocialanimals.Whatthisresearchtellsusisthatsocialbehaviorissomethingextremelyancientanditcouldbetracedbacktoaveryoldcommonancestorbetweenanimalandinsectspecies.28.Howarehumansinfluencedbyisolationaccordingtotheresearchers?A.Theirsocialcirclesshrinksquickly.B.Theyaremorelikelytogetintoaddictions.C.Theirimmunesystemhasbeenstrengthened.D.Theyarequickertorespondtostressfulsituations.29.Whatcharacterizesthelifeofantsinacolony?A.Theyremaindevotedtotheirnestmates.B.Theyareinaconstantstateofmentalstress.C.Theyareequallyresponsiblefortheircolony.D.Theyrelymuchoneachotherinordertosurvive.30.Whatdidtheworkerantsturntheirattentiontoafterisolation?A.Thequeenant.C.Thebabyants.B.Theirnestmates.D.Theirwholecolony.31.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Socialisolationaffectsanimalsnegatively.B.Isolationchangestheimmunesystemofants.C.Antsreacttosocialisolationsimilartohumans.D.Animalandinsectspeciessharethesameancestor.DTheAustralianAntarcticDivisionisreadytoleadoneofthemostambitiousandchallengingscientificprojectsyetundertakeninAntarctica-thequesttodrillanicecorecontainingamillion-yearrecordofEarth'sclimateandatmospherichistory.Thisrecordwillhelpsolvealong-standingmysteryaboutthetimingofpasticeages-why,almostonemillionyearsago,thecycleoficeagesshiftedfromaregular41,000-yearcycletoaniceageevery100,000years.TheAntarcticicecapisformedbylayersofsnowfall,whicharecompressedatdepthintoice.Tracechemicalsandparticlestrappedintheicelayersprovidedataonhowtheclimateandatmospherehaschangedovertime.Pasttemperature,thefrequencyandpowerofvolcaniceruptions,seaicecoverage,dustinessandwindpatternsareallrecorded.Airpocketsinthesnowbecometrappedasbubbles（气泡）intheice.Eachbubbleisanoriginalsampleoftheatmosphere,fromthetimethesnowwastransformedtoice.Carbondioxide,methane,oxygenandothergasescanbeextractedfromthebubblestorevealtheirpastatmosphericconcentrations.The41,000-yeariceagecyclematchesaknownperiodicityinthetilt（倾斜）ofEarth'saxis.The100,000-yearcyclematchesaperiodicityintheshapeoftheEarth'sorbit.Whytheiceagecyclesshiftedfrombeingpacedbyoneparameter（参数）totheotherisunresolved.TheAntarcticicesheetwitnessedthesechangesandtheanswertothepuzzlemaylieintheancientice.AleadingtheoryisthatdecliningatmosphericCO2levelswerethecauseofthelonger,coldericeages.Themillion-yearicecorerecordwillprovidetheessentialCO2recordtotestthistheory.BygreatlyextendingthedetailedrecordofEarth'sclimatehistory,themillion-yearicecorewillalsoplacecurrentchangesinclimateandgreenhousegasconcentrationsintoadeepercontext.32.Whathappenedtotheearthaboutonemillionyearsago?A.Thecycleoficeageschanged.B.Thecycleoficeagesdisappeared.C.TheAntarcticicecapcameintobeing.D.TheCO2levelsintheatmosphereincreased.33.Whatinformationdoesanicecoreprobablyinclude?A.Themovementsofseaice.C.Thecauseofvolcaniceruptions.B.Thelevelofvolcanicactivities.D.ThecauseofthetiltofEarth'saxis.34.What'sthemessageconveyedinthefifthparagraph?A.ThetiltofEarth'saxismayhaveaffectedtheiceages.B.Theiceagecyclesaren'trelatedtotheEarth'sorbit.C.TheEarth'sorbitbecamestableabout100,000yearsago.D.Theorbitalparametersarethekeytostudyingtheancientice.35.What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Theevolutionoftheearth'senvironment.B.TheperiodicityofatmosphericCO2levels.C.Thetrendofclimatechangeinrecentyears.D.Thepotentialvalueofthemillion-yearicecore.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。StrategiestoBringDiversityintotheClassroomAsweteachchildrentoprepareforcollegeortheworkplace,teachersmustaddressthepossibilityoflivingandworkinginadiversecountry.Diversityintheclassroomteacheschildrentoappreciatedifferentperspectives（观点），whichisaskilltheywillusefortherestoftheirlives.36,becausetheyarenotsurewhatdiversityintheclassroomevenlookslike.Hereareafewstrategiestostartdiversifyingyourclassroom.1.Includediverselearningandteachingmaterial.37.Exposechildrentomaterialwhichrepresentsmultipleviewpointsandperspectives.Yourmaterialsshouldincludedifferentnationalities,races,languages,abilities,socio-economicbackgroundsandcurrentaffairs.2.38.Thereisalwaysmorethanoneopiniononhowtosolveaproblem.Encouragingyourstudentstodiscoverdifferentsolutionsallowseveryone'svoicetobeheardandrespected.Thiscanincreaseparticipationandteachchildrentoworktogethereveniftheyhaveadifferentopinionorsupportadifferentperspective.3.Gettoknowyourstudents.Thisisastrategythatmanyfeeltheyhavemastered,butgettingtoknowyourstudentsismorethanjustknowingtheirname.Knowwhereyourstudentscomefrom,theirsocio-economicstatus,culture,andissuesthatareimportanttothestudentsandtheirfamilies.39,butwhenyouknowyourstudentsyouaremoreabletopromotediversity.4.Connectwithparentsandthecommunity.Schoolsareanimportantpartofthecommunityandshouldreflectandcelebratethediversitywithinthecommunity.Listeningandactinguponparentsquestionsandconcernsisthefirststep.40,andthiswillenablepeoplefromdifferentbackgroundstoinspireyourstudentsfortheirfuturegoals.A.GivestudentsfreedomandflexibilityB.SupportstudentsindifferingviewpointsC.However,manyteachersstruggleinthisareaD.InvitecommunityleadersintoyourclassroomE.TheycancountdownthedaysuntilschoolstartsF.ItisonewaytobringdiversityintoyourclassroomG.Buildingpersonalrelationshipswithstudentstakestime第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Duringthesummerofmyjunioryearofhighschool,Ispentmytimevolunteeringatanon-profitorganization,CradlestoCrayons.It41someitemssuchasclothingandshoestochildrenwholiveinlow-incomecircumstances.Thevolunteerworkinthefactory42hands-ondistributionofitemsforchildrenonadailybasis.Thetasksincludedsorting,inspectingandpackaging43atvariousstations.Oncetheitemswerefullypackaged,theywerereadytobesentofftoaspecialchild44.Althoughthetasks45eachday,our46inthefactoryremainedthesame.VolunteeringatCradlestoCrayonsallowedmetoconnectwithotherswhoshare47passions（热情）．Ienjoyedworkingwithsomeofthenicest，most48individuals.Ithelpedmestrengthenmy49skillsandgrowasaperson,changingme50intoamorepatientandresponsibleindividual.Attheendoftheday,thevolunteerleaderwouldannouncehowmany51wehelpedthatday.It52metoseehowsuchasmallactcanmakeahuge53insomeone'slife.Donatingtwohoursofmydaytohelpthechildrenwhoneeditthemostisrather54.MyexperienceatCradlestoCrayonstaughtmetheimportanceofgratitude.Istartedto55allthethingsIhaveinlife-food,cleanwater,family-and56othersisareminderofwhattruly57tome.Thisexperiencehelpedmediscovermy 58 toimpactothers.Communityservice59qualitieswithinmewhose 60 wouldhaveneverbeenrealizedandinspiredmetobeabetterindividual.41.A.recommendsB.returnsC.awardsD.offers42.A.allowedB.concernedC.matchedD.blocked43.A.belongingsB.booksC.toysD.donations44.A.inneedB.indangerC.incommonD.inorder45.A.variedB.conflictedC.dividedD.decreased46.A.challengeB.scheduleC.energyD.influence47.A.originalB.similarC.relativeD.instant48.A.caringB.intelligentC.courageousD.interesting49.A.writingB.leadershipC.negotiationD.communication50.A.conditionallyB.suddenlyC.partlyD.gradually51.A.organizationsB.childrenC.employeesD.families52.A.amazedB.confusedC.forcedD.required53.A.remarkB.successC.differenceD.achievement54.A.awkwardB.temporaryC.worthwhileD.compulsory55.A.rememberB.contributeC.consumeD.appreciate56.A.followingB.servingC.informingD.accompanying57.A.countsB.measuresC.remainsD.improves58.A.dreamB.abilityC.requestD.reputation59.A.takesalongB.addsupC.bringsoutD.makesup60.A.expansionB.appearanceC.existenceD.limitation第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。Knownforhisplayfulstyleofwatercolorworks,QiBaishiisawell-knownChinesepainter.Hisworksusuallyfocus61birdsandflowersandareadmiredandpraisedbymanyworldwide.QiBaishiwasbornto62peasantfamilyinXiangtan,China.Duringhisearlyteenageyears,hetaught63(he)howtopaintwhileworkingasacarpenter.Throughhisownefforts,he64(be)abletomastertheskillsofpainting,calligraphy,andevenpoetryattheageof27.SomeofhismajorinfluencesincludetheearlyQingDynastypainterBadaShanren(ZhuDa)andtheMingDynastyartistXuWei.Hisart