2023届广东省梅州市高三一模英语试题

梅州市高三总复习质检试卷(一)(2023.2.14)英语本试卷共8页,满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项:1.本试卷由三个部分组成。其中,第二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。2.答卷前,考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号。用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己所在的县(市、区)、学校、班级以及自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。3.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。4、考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题分,满分分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFamousforitssunnybeachesandnaturalwonders,MiyakoIslandwelcomesmanyvisitorsduringholidays.UniquebeachesYonahaMaehamaBeachisthemostfamousbeachinMiyakojima,wherewhitesandstretchesforsevenkilometers.SunayamaBeach,knownforitsarch-shapedrock,istuckedawayinasmallcove,andisaccessedbywalkingthroughanarrowtunneloftrees.DiverseandcolorfulfishSnorkelingisamust-tryinMiyakojima.Densecoralreefs,schoolsoftropicalfish,seaturtlesandplentyofspacetofreedivetodepthsof8to15metersclosetotheshorearestandoutfeatures.Forbeginners,AragusukuandShigiraareagoodchoicebutadvancedsnorkelersmayseeWaiwalBeachandShimojishimaastheirultimatespots.ScubadivingMiyakoIslandisadivingmecca,withawealthofdivesitestoexplore,includingmanyunderwatercavesandcaverns.Eventhosewithoutadivinglicenseneednotbeheldhack.DiveshopsandtouroperatorsalsooffertoursforbeginnerstoexploreMiyakoIsland’sabundantunderwaterenvironment.FreshislandfoodDelightyoursenseswithjuicy,melt-in-your-mouthMiyakobeef,deliciousMiyakosoba(noodlesservedinbroth),orfreshfruit.OkinawaprefectureboaststhehighestmangoyieldinJapan,andMiyakoIsland’swarmsubtropicalclimateisoptimalforgrowingfresh,juicymangoes.1.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelreport. B.Atravelguide.C.Adiary. D.Atextbook.2.Whatisasuitablespottosnorkelforbeginners?A.MiyakoIsland. B.WaiwaiBeach.C.Shigira. D.SunayamaBeach.3.WhatcontributestothedelicioustasteofmangoesgrowninMiyakoIsland?A.Whitesand. B.Blueocean.C.Enoughrainwater. D.Warmclimate.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是MiyakoIsland值得游玩的项目。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Famousforitssunnybeachesandnaturalwonders,MiyakoIslandwelcomesmanyvisitorsduringholidays.(MiyakoIsland以其阳光明媚的海滩和自然奇观而闻名，在假日期间欢迎许多游客)”可知，本文介绍的是MiyakoIsland适合游客游玩的项目。由此推知，这段文字可能取自一本《旅行指南》。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Diverseandcolorfulfish部分中“Forbeginners,AragusukuandShigiraareagoodchoicebutadvancedsnorkelersmayseeWaiwalBeachandShimojishimaastheirultimatespots.(对于初学者来说，Aragusuku和Shigira是一个不错的选择，但高级潜水者可能会把Waiwal海滩和下岛作为他们的终极目的地)”可知，Shigira适合初学者浮潜。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Freshislandfood部分中“OkinawaprefectureboaststhehighestmangoyieldinJapan,andMiyakoIsland’swarmsubtropicalclimateisoptimalforgrowingfresh,juicymangoes.(冲绳县拥有日本最高的芒果产量，而Miyako岛温暖的亚热带气候最适合种植新鲜多汁的芒果)”可知，Miyako岛暖的亚热带气候使得该地的芒果新鲜多汁。故选D。BWhenmysonfirstbegancompetinginschoolchesstournaments,Ioftenchattedwithotherparents.Occasionally,Iwouldaskiftheyplayedchessthemselves.Normally,thereplywasno.WhenIvolunteeredthatIwaslearningtoplay,theirtonewascheerfullyjoking,“Goodluckwiththat!”Ifthisgameissogood,whyareadultsignoringit?Seeingsomeoneplayingsmartphonegames,Ipreferredtosay,“Whyareyouhavingyourkidsdochesswhileyouplay?”Sure,weparentshadworktodo,workthathelpedpayforthelessonsourkidswereenjoying.ButIwasalsowonderingifweweresendinganunnoticeablemessagethatlearningwasfortheyoung.Duringonetournament,Isawagroupofparentsplayingchess!Justthen,agroupofkidspassedme“Whyareadultslearningchess?”Oneasked,inanapparentlyjokingtone.Iwastiredofsittingonthesidelines.Iwantedin,andthatiswhyIgotamembershipcardandstartedthrowingmyselfin.“Earlyon,Iwasnervous,eventhemastercansometimesplaybadly,”asoneGrandmasterputit“afannever”.AndafanIwas.Itwasthreehoursofconcentrationandthinkingwithmyphoneoff.ItfeltlikeagymwhereIwastrainedtosolveproblemswithfocus,memory,logic,andoccasionalheadaches.Andofcoursehoursofabsenceofdigitaldeviceswouldneverbenogoodforthinkingsharply.Beingabeginnercanbehardatanyage,butitgetsharderwhenyouareolder.Thephrase“adultbeginner”hasanfairlygentlepity.Itimpliesthelearningofsomethingthatyoushouldhaveperhapsalreadyleaned.4.Whatcanwelearnaboutotherparentsfromtheirremarks?A.Theywereignoringotherlearners.B.Theyagreedontheideaoflearningchess.C.Theygavecongratulationstotheadultlessons.D.Theythoughtitoddforanadulttolearnchess.5.Howdidthechildinthesecondparagraphperceiveadultslearningchess?A.Laughable. B.Imaginable. C.Understandable. D.Sensible.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“sittingonthesidelines”meaninParagraph3?ANotbeingnoticed. B.Notbeinginvolved.C.Expressingconfusingideas. D.Followingwhatothersdo.7.Whatdidthewriterthinkofhisexperienceofleaningtoplaychess?A.Ithelpedhimremaincalm. B.Itmadehimproudofhimself.C.Ithelpedhimtrainhisbrain. D.Itmadehimlookratherfunny.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过和其他家长聊象棋时得到启发，下决心学下象棋并使自己的大脑得到锻炼的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“WhenIvolunteeredthatIwaslearningtoplay,theirtonewascheerfullyjoking,“Goodluckwiththat!”Ifthisgameissogood,whyareadultsignoringit?(当我主动提出我正在学下象棋时，他们的语气是愉快的玩笑，“祝你好运！”如果这个游戏这么好，为什么成年人都忽视它呢？)”可知，这些家长开玩笑是觉得成年人学象棋很奇怪。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Justthen,agroupofkidspassedme,“Whyareadultslearningchess?”Oneasked,inanapparentlyjokingtone.(就在这时，一群孩子从我身边走过，“为什么成年人都在学象棋？”其中一人显然是开玩笑地问道。)”可知，孩子们是在开玩笑，由此可以推出，孩子们认为成年人学象棋这件事情很可笑。故选A项。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“Iwantedin,andthatiswhyIgotamembershipcardandstartedthrowingmyselfin.(我想加入，所以我办了张会员卡，开始投身其中。)”可知，作者想学习象棋，并加入了学习象棋的队伍当中。跟前文“tiredof”表示“厌倦某事”形成对比。由此推测出，作者应该是厌倦了坐在旁边看着大家下棋的生活，想要加入进去。B项“不参与其中”符合句意。故选B项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“ItfeltlikeagymwhereIwastrainedtosolveproblemswithfocus,memory,logic,andoccasionalheadaches.(这感觉就像一个健身房，在那里我被训练用专注力、记忆力、逻辑性和偶尔的头痛来解决问题。)”可知，下象棋就像是把自己的脑子带去健身房接受训练来解决问题即体现出学习下象棋帮助作者锻炼大脑。故选C。COnthewaytohishomethechildturnedmanytimesandbeatthedog,declaringwithchildishgesturesthatheheldhimincontempt(茂视）asanunimportantdog.thedogapologizedforbeingthisqualityofanimalandexpressedregretinfineform,buthecontinuedstealthilytofollowthechild.Whenthechildreachedhisdoor-step,thedogwasafewyardsbehind,movingslowlytowardhim.Hebecamesoanxiouswithshamewhenhoagainfacedthechildthatheforgotthedraggingrope.Hetripped(绊倒）uponitandfellforward.Thechildsatdownonthestepandthetwohadanotherinterview.Duringitthedoggreatlyexertedhimselftopleasethechild.Heperformedafewplayfuljumpswithsuchabandon(尽情地）thatthechildsuddenlysawhimtobeavaluablething.Hemadeaswift,greedycharge(猛冲）andseizedtherope.Hedraggedhiscaptive(俘虏）intoahallandupmanylongstairwaysinadarkbuilding.Thedogmadewillingefforts,buthecouldnotwalkveryskillfullyupthestairsbecausehewasverysmallandsoft,andatlastthepaceofthechildgrewsoenergeticthatthedogbecamepanic-stricken.Inhismindhewasbeingdraggedtowardsomewhereunknown.Hisayesgrewwildwiththeterrorofit.Hebegantowigglehisheadwildlyandtobracehislegs.Thechildredoubledhisefforts.Theyhadabattleonthestairs.Thechildwasvictoriousbecausehewascompletelyabsorbedinhispurpose,andbecausethedogwasverysmall.Hedraggedhisacquirementtothedoorofhishome,andfinallywithvictoryacrossthedoorway.Nofamilymemberwasin.Thechildsatdownonthefloorandmadeoverturesto(向....示好）thedog.Thesethedoginstantlyaccepted.Hesmiledwithaffectionuponhisnewfriend.Inashorttimetheywerefirmandabiding(矢志不渝的）comrades.8.Whatmighthavehappenedbeforethefirstparagraph?A.Thechildhadwantedtoownthedogforalongtime.B.Thedoghadbeensomeoneelse'spetbutlosthisway.C.Thechildhadbeenlookingforthelostdogforalongtime.D.Thedoghadbeendrivenoutofhomebythechild'sfamily.9.Whatdirectlymadetheboychangehismind?A.Thedog'sapology.B.Hisfirstinterviewwiththedog.C.Hispityonthedog.D.Thedog'spleasingperformance.10.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph4and5?A.Theboywasnaughty.B.Thedogwasfoolish.C.Theboywasadevotedfriend.D.Thedogwasafaithfulfriend.11.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribethechangeofthedog'sfeeling?A.Frightened-relieved-anxious-happy.B.Worried-angry-scared-delighted.C.Guilty-anxious-nervous-pleased.D.Angry-regretted-scared-puzzled.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小狗走失后偶遇一个男孩，最终成功跟随小男孩回家的故事。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Onthewaytohishomethechildturnedmanytimesandbeatthedog,declaringwithchildishgesturesthatheheldhimincontempt(茂视）asanunimportantdog.thedogapologizedforbeingthisqualityofanimalandexpressedregretinfineform,buthecontinuedstealthilytofollowthechild.(在回家的路上，孩子多次转过身来打那条狗，用孩子气的手势宣称他蔑视那条狗，认为它是一条不重要的狗。狗为自己是这样的动物而道歉，并以良好的形式表示遗憾，但它继续偷偷地跟着孩子。)”可知，孩子试图摆脱狗，而且他们在此之前并不认识，可见他们是无意间遇到的。从而推断，这条狗曾是别人的宠物，但迷路了。小狗是丢失后才遇到男孩的。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Heperformedafewplayfuljumpswithsuchabandon(尽情地）thatthechildsuddenlysawhimtobeavaluablething.(它尽情地跳了几下，孩子突然觉得它很有价值。)”可知，小狗努力的取悦男孩，使得男孩改变了主意。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。文章四五两段在描述男孩拖拉小狗上楼梯的过程，看得出小男孩精力充沛，一直不懈的努力着，尽管当时小狗是有点害怕的，但小男孩没有停止自己的行为，可见这个男孩子有点调皮。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。狗的心情和它的遭遇是一致的，第一段狗尽管被嫌弃但还是跟着，心情是有点罪恶感的，从apologized可以看出；第二段出现了anxiousandshamed，可见狗的心情是紧张羞愧；第三段狗取悦小孩；四五段就是狗被带上楼梯的过程，从panic-stricken可以看出，狗因为未知的地方感到害怕；最后一段狗和小孩已经交好，推断出心情愉悦。故选C。DWhilemostofusareneverwithoutoursmartphonesrobotsmayalsosoonbecomeessentialcompanions.ItcertainlyseemssobasedontherecentexperimentsconductedbyresearchersinJapan,whodevelopedawearablesoftrobotforpatientstouseduringtreatments,suchasinjections(注射)andotherunpleasanttherapiesinanattempttoeasetheirpainanddefendpeopleagainstanxiety.Onbeingsubjectedtoamoderateheatstimulus(刺激),thestudyparticipantswhoworetherobotexperiencedlesspainthaninthetestsinwhichtheydidnotweartherobot.DuringthecampaigntoencouragevaccinationagainstCOVID-19,publichealthofficialsrecognizedthatsomepeoplearesimplyafraidofneedles,whichcontributedtoreducedvaccinationrates.Whiletheproblemsofpatientanxietyandpainduringmedicalprocedureshavebeenwellstudiedthereremainsaneedtotestandimplementsolutionstohelppatients.Thesoftfur-coveredrobotthescientistscalledReliebowasdesignedtobeattachedtotheparticipant’shand.Theresearcherstesteditseffectivenessundervariousconditionsbasedontheclenchingoftheparticipant’shand,whileapplyingthepainfulthermalstimulustotheotherarmthatwasnotbeingusedtoholdtherobot.Theresearchersfoundthatholdingtherobothelpedrelievetheexperienceforpatientsregardlessoftheexperimentalconditionsused,andconcludedthatthefeelingsofwell-beingthatcanbecreatedbyhumantouchmayhavealsobeenactivatedbytherobot.“Itiswellknownthatinterpersonaltouchcanreducepainandfear,andwebelievethatthiseffectcanbeachievedevenwithnonlivingsoftrobots,”statesProfessorTanaka.Thismaybeusefulwhenactualhumancontactisnotfeasible,suchasduringpandemics.FutureversionsoftherobotmightuseacontrolledgazeorevenAR(augmentedreality)technologiestohelpbuildaconnectionwiththepatientordistractthemfrompainperceptioninvarioussituations.12.Whatisthepurposeoftherobot?A.Toassistdoctorsininjectingaccurately.B.Tohelprelievepeople’spainfrominjections.C.Toevaluatepatients’physicalandmentalhealth.D.ToassesstheeffectsofgettingvaccinatedagainstCOVID-19.13.Howdoestheroboteasethepainandanxietyofthepatients?A.Therobotisdesignedtobeattachedtothepatients’hand.B.Therobot’ssoftfurgivesthepatientsafeelingsofwell-being.C.Therobot’s“interpersonaltouch”createsafeelingsofwell-being.D.Therobotinstructstheresearcherstorelievetheexperienceforpatients.14.Whatwillresearchersprobablydonext?A.Developotherdevicesformedicaltreatment.B.Carryoutmoreandmoretestsontherobot.C.Evaluatethepossibleriskofusingtherobot.D.Promotetheapplicationoftherobotworldwide15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoReducePeople’sFearofInjections.B.AdvancedTechnologyHelpstoCurePatientsC.BeingAfraidofNeedlesReducedVaccinationRatesD.WearableSoftRobotHelpsPeopleScareofinjections.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本研究人员最近进行的实验，他们开发了一种可穿戴的软体机器人从而保护人们免受焦虑。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ItcertainlyseemssobasedontherecentexperimentsconductedbyresearchersinJapan,whodevelopedawearablesoftrobotforpatientstouseduringtreatments,suchasinjections(注射)andotherunpleasanttherapiesinanattempttoeasetheirpainanddefendpeopleagainstanxiety.(从日本研究人员最近进行的实验来看，似乎确实如此。他们开发了一种可穿戴的软体机器人，供患者在治疗期间使用，如注射和其他令人不快的治疗，试图减轻他们的疼痛，保护人们免受焦虑。)”可知，这款机器人可以减轻患者的疼痛。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Theresearchersfoundthatholdingtherobothelpedrelievetheexperienceforpatientsregardlessoftheexperimentalconditionsused,andconcludedthatthefeelingsofwell-beingthatcanbecreatedbyhumantouchmayhavealsobeenactivatedbytherobot.“Itiswellknownthatinterpersonaltouchcanreducepainandfear,andwebelievethatthiseffectcanbeachievedevenwithnonlivingsoftrobots,”statesProfessorTanaka.(研究人员发现，无论实验条件如何，抱着机器人都有助于缓解患者的体验，并得出结论，人类触摸所产生的幸福感可能也被机器人激活了。田中教授说：“众所周知，人与人之间的接触可以减少疼痛和恐惧，我们相信即使是在无生命的软体机器人身上也能达到这种效果。”)”可知，这款机器人让人们在触摸它的时候产生了幸福感，从而缓解了疼痛和焦虑。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“FutureversionsoftherobotmightuseacontrolledgazeorevenAR(augmentedreality)technologiestohelpbuildaconnectionwiththepatientordistractthemfrompainperceptioninvarioussituations.(未来版本的机器人可能会使用控制凝视甚至AR(增强现实)技术来帮助与患者建立联系，或在各种情况下分散他们对疼痛的感知。)”可推断，研究人员未来会开发一些其他的医疗功能。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“ItcertainlyseemssobasedontherecentexperimentsconductedbyresearchersinJapan,whodevelopedawearablesoftrobotforpatientstouseduringtreatments,suchasinjections(注射)andotherunpleasanttherapiesinanattempttoeasetheirpainanddefendpeopleagainstanxiety.Onbeingsubjectedtoamoderateheatstimulus(刺激),thestudyparticipantswhoworetherobotexperiencedlesspainthaninthetestsinwhichtheydidnotweartherobot.(从日本研究人员最近进行的实验来看，似乎确实如此。他们开发了一种可穿戴的软体机器人，供患者在治疗期间使用，如注射和其他令人不快的治疗，试图减轻他们的疼痛，保护人们免受焦虑。在接受适度的热刺激时，佩戴机器人的研究参与者比不佩戴机器人的测试参与者感受到的疼痛要少。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种可穿戴的软体机器人，它们可以帮助那些害怕注射的人们，以缓解他们的焦虑。所以“WearableSoftRobotHelpsPeopleScareofinjections.(可穿戴软机器人帮助人们避免打针。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。第二节(共5小题:每小题分。满分分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Areyoudiscouragedwhenitcomestoreorganizingthespaceanddon’tknowfromwheretostart?Whilehiringagoodinteriordesignercanaccomplishthejob,butknowingtheaesthetics(美学)anddesignwillgiveyouaheadstartonhowtodotaskfullywell._____16_____LessismoreAscitieshavebecomecrowdedandspacehavebecomeaprizedpossession,lessismoreisthemantratodecoratethehome.Thespaceshouldbeusedoptimally(最佳)utilizedandnotmerelyforfunctionalpurpose—idealpositioningoffurnitureisofimportance.____17____AddsunshinetoyourhomeThesimplestwaytochangethedecorofthehomeistofullyusethenaturallightwiththehelpofventilation(通风).____18____Itwilllowerdownyourenergybillssubstantially.BringcolorsandshadetothehomeColorsgivefalseillusionofspaceandwarmth.____19____Onthecontrary,ifthereisnosunshine,darkpastel(淡的)shadesgivessenseofwarmth.Createapeacefulfeeling,byoptingforpastelshadesastheyareeasytogowellwiththedifferentdesignsettings.Makeyourhomefutureready____20____Asmarthomeisnecessarytomakeyoulooksmarter.Technologyhasreachednewadvancementlevelstoourhomes.Asmarthomeinvolvesuseofappliancesandmachines,musiclightsandtelevision,curtains,etc.Thishasbecomepopularandfashionablein2022andtheworldismovingtowardsartificialintelligence.A.Technologyhasmadeitswaytoourlives.BGoodspaceplanningwillmakeyourarealookbest.C.Startsmallbyaddingeco-friendlyitemsinyourhome.D.Hereistheguideonhowtodecoratethehomeorworkspace.E.Naturallightfillsupthespaceandmakesthehomelookbigger.F.Itcanprovetobeaperfectsecuritypointforhomeandoffices.G.Theshadesofwhiteandblushpinkmakethespacelooklargerthanwhatitis.【答案】16.D17.B18.E19.G20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了家居装饰的一些建议。【16题详解】上文“butknowingtheaesthetics(美学)anddesignwillgiveyouaheadstartonhowtodotaskfullywell(但了解美学和设计将让你在如何充分做好任务上有一个良好的开端)”提到了解美学和设计有助于空间装饰，结合下文具体的方法的介绍推知，空处提出有关于如何家装的方法。故D项“下面是如何装饰家庭或工作场所的指南”承上启下，符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】上文“Thespaceshouldbeusedoptimally(最佳)utilizedandnotmerelyforfunctionalpurpose—idealpositioningoffurnitureisofimportance.(空间应该得到最佳利用，而不仅仅是为了功能目的——家具的理想定位是很重要的)”提到应该合理利用空间和摆放家具，B项“好的空间规划会让你的区域看起来最好”总结上文，讲述合理利用空间的意义，故选B。【18题详解】上文“Thesimplestwaytochangethedecorofthehomeistofullyusethenaturallightwiththehelpofventilation(通风).(改变家居装饰最简单的方法就是在通风的帮助下充分利用自然光)”提到充分利用自然光，空处应是讲述原因，即利用自然光的好处，E项“自然光充满了空间，会使房子看起来更大”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据下文“Onthecontrary,ifthereisnosunshine,darkpastel(淡的)shadesgivessenseofwarmth.(相反，如果没有阳光，深色柔和的色调给人温暖的感觉)”可知，空处应是与下文相反，讲述用浅色调装饰的效果，G项“白色和粉红色使空间看起来比实际更大”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据下文“Asmarthomeisnecessarytomakeyoulooksmarter.Technologyhasreachednewadvancementlevelstoourhomes.(智能家居是让你看起来更聪明的必要条件。在我们的家中，技术已经达到了新的发展水平)”可知，本段是讲述家居装饰中的科技因素，A项“科技已经进入了我们的生活”符合语境。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。KyleCassidyandthreeothermembersoftheAnnenbergRunningGroupwere____21____afewlatecomers.Theymeetthreedaysaweekforaroughly30-minutejogandanoccasional.____22____.That’srightduringsomeruns,oneofthemdeliversatalk.Topics____23____fromthebraintoBitcoin.ButonthisdaylastJanuary,itwouldnotbetheir____24____run.Thefirstcluethatsomethingwasoffwasthemanwhoranpastthematan____25____pace.Cassidy____26____whytherunnerwassofleetoffootwhenanothermanranby,yelling,“Help!Hetookmyphoneandlaptop!”Atthat,thegroupdidwhatrunningclubsdo:Theyran,____27____thesuspectdownthestreetsofPhiladelphiauntilhe____28____intoaconstructionsite.Cassidyranaroundtothefarsideofthesitetocutthethiefoffwhiletheotherswanderedtheneighborhood_____29_____hehaddumpedtheloot(赃物)inabackyard.Noluck.Sotheydecidedtoaskresidentswhetherthey’dseentheguy.Whentheyknockedonthedoorofonerowhousetheywereinfora_____30_____.Theydidn’tknowthesuspectwashidingbehindabushbythatveryhouse.Astheowneropenedthedoor,the_____31_____rushedoutfrombehindthebush...andrightintothearmsofcampuspolice,who’djoinedthechase______32______behindtherunners.“Runningistypicallya_____33_____sportwhereyoutunfatcellsintoheat,“CassidytoldThePhiladelphiaInquirer.“Butoccasionallyitcanbeuseful,andherewasoneofthose______34______.”Themembersofthisrunninggrouparenothard-coreathletes.Buttheydounderstandthe_____35_____ofalittleexercise.21.A.lookingafter B.waitingfor C.pickingup D.thinkingabout22.A.lecture B.game C.experiment D.enquiry23.A.increase B.range C.move D.develop24.A.social B.actual C.accidental D.normal25.A.discouraging B.amazing C.awful D.boring26.A.discovered B.recognized C.explained D.wondered27.A.driving B.leading C.following D.cornering28.A.ducked B.marched C.appeared D.showed29.A.remembering B.realizing C.suggesting D.hoping30.A.relief B.surprise C.success D.break31.A.suspect B.police C.colleague D.latecomers32.A.partly B.unwillingly C.happily D.shortly33.A.selfless B.useless C.careless D.endless34.A.choices B.chances C.conclusions D.decisions35.A.hope B.price C.benefit D.admission【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.D25.B26.D27.C28.A29.D30.B31.A32.D33.B34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了跑步俱乐部成员和校园警察等众人合力将抢了别人电话和笔记本电脑的嫌犯抓获的故事。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：凯尔·卡西迪和安嫩伯格跑步组的其他三名成员正在等着几个迟到的人。A.lookingafter照顾；B.waitingfor等待；C.pickingup捡起；D.thinkingabout考虑。根据该句中的“forafewlatecomers”提到迟到的人，以及下文“Theymeetthreedaysaweekforaroughly30-minutejog”每周会合三天，进行大约30分钟的慢跑，可推知，此处为凯尔·卡西迪和安嫩伯格跑步组的其他三名成员正在等着几个迟到的人。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们每周聚会三天，进行大约30分钟的慢跑，偶尔还会进行一次讲座。A.lecture讲座；B.game游戏；C.experiment实验；D.enquiry询问。根据下文“oneofthemdeliversatalk”可知，此处为偶尔还会进行一次讲座。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：话题从大脑到比特币。A.increase增加；B.range在一定范围内变动；C.move移动；D.develop发展。根据句意以及该句中的“thebraintoBitcoin”可知，此处为话题从大脑到比特币。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在去年1月的这一天，这不是他们正常的跑步。A.social社会的；B.actual实际的；C.accidental意外的；D.normal正常的。根据下文“Thefirstcluethatsomethingwasoffwas…”事情不对劲的第一个线索是……，可推知，此处为但在去年1月的这一天，这不是他们正常的跑步。故选D项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事情不对劲的第一个线索是那个以惊人的速度从他们身边跑过的人。A.discouraging令人沮丧的；B.amazing令人惊异的；C.awful可怕的；D.boring令人无聊的。根据下文“Cassidywonderedwhytherunnerwassofleetoffoot”飞快地跑，可知，此处为事情不对劲的第一个线索是那个以惊人的速度从他们身边跑过的人。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡西迪想知道为什么当另一个人从旁边跑过时，跑得那么快，喊道：“救命！”A.discovered发现；B.recognized识别；C.explained解释；D.wondered想知道。根据该句中的“whytherunnerwassofleetoffootwhenanothermanranby,yelling,“Help!”提出疑问。可推知，此处为卡西迪想知道为什么当另一个人从旁边跑过时，跑得那么快，喊道：“救命！故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们跟着嫌疑人在费城的街道上跑，直到他躲进一个建筑工地。A.driving驾驶；B.leading引领；C.following跟随；D.cornering使陷入困境。根据上文“thegroupdidwhatrunningclubsdo”做了跑步俱乐部做的事情。以及该句中的“untilhe____8____intoaconstructionsite.”直到一个建筑工地，可推知，此处为他们跟着嫌疑人在费城的街道上跑，直到他躲进一个建筑工地。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们跟着嫌疑人在费城的街道上跑，直到他躲进一个建筑工地。A.ducked躲避；B.marched前进；C.appeared出现；D.showed展示。根据上文提到的他们跟着嫌疑人在费城的街道上跑，以及该句中的“intoaconstructionsite”可知，此处为他们跟着嫌疑人在费城的街道上跑，直到他躲进一个建筑工地。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡西迪跑到现场的另一边去阻止小偷，而其他人在附近徘徊，希望他把赃物扔在后院。A.remembering记得；B.realizing意识到；C.suggesting建议；D.hoping希望。根据该句中的“Cassidyranaroundtothefarsideofthesitetocutthethiefoffwhiletheotherswanderedtheneighborhood”卡西迪跑到现场的另一边去阻止小偷，而其他人在附近徘徊，可推知，此处为希望他把赃物扔在后院。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们敲开一幢排屋的门时，他们大吃一惊。A.relief缓解；B.surprise惊讶；C.success成功；D.break停顿。根据下文“Theydidn’tknowthesuspectwashidingbehindabushbythatveryhouse.”他们不知道嫌疑犯就藏在那所房子旁边的灌木丛后面。可知，此处为当他们敲开一幢排屋的门时，他们大吃一惊。故选B项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当屋主打开门时，嫌疑犯从灌木丛后面冲了出来。A.suspect嫌疑犯；B.police警察；C.colleague同事；D.latecomers后来者。根据上文提到的他们不知道嫌疑犯就藏在那所房子旁边的灌木丛后面。可知，此处为当屋主打开门时，嫌疑犯从灌木丛后面冲了出来。故选A项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当屋主打开门时，嫌疑犯从灌木丛后面冲了出来，直接投入了校园警察怀抱，他们在跑步者后面不久加入了追捕。A.partly部分地；B.unwillingly不情愿地；C.happily快乐地；D.shortly不久。根据句意以及“andrightintothearmsofcampuspolice”可推知，此处为警察在跑步者后面不久加入了追捕。故选D项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卡西迪对《费城问询报》说：“跑步通常是一个无用的运动，你会把脂肪细胞转化为热量。”A.selfless自私的；B.useless无用的；C.careless粗心的；D.endless无止境的。根据下文“Butoccasionallyitcanbeuseful”提到反面意思，可推知，此处为跑步通常是一个无用的运动，你会把脂肪细胞转化为热量。和后面的useful形成呼应。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但偶尔它也会有用，这就是其中一个机会。A.choices选择；B.chances机会；C.conclusions结论；D.decisions决定。根据上下文语境可知，跑步者和警察合力抓到了抢劫犯，可推知，这是跑步的一个机会，和上文的跑步通常是一个无用的运动，你会把脂肪细胞转化为热量，形成反差，前后呼应。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他们确实知道做一点运动的好处。A.hope希望；B.price价格；C.benefit好处；D.admission承认。根据上文“Themembersofthisrunninggrouparenothard-coreathletes.”这个跑步小组的成员都不是铁杆运动员，以及该句的but转折，可推知，此处为但他们确实知道做一点运动的好处。故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TraditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandtheirassociatedsocialpracticesinChinawereaddedtoUNESCO’sRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanityonNovember29th.Thisuniqueculture,____36____(compose)ofknowledge,skillsandpracticesconcerningmanagementofteaplantations,pickingoftealeaves,andtheprocessing,drinkingandsharingoftea,isthe43thentryfromChinaonthelist,whosetotaltopsallothercountries.Theteathat____37____(appeal)totheworldforthousandsofyearsfinallyreceivedtop-levelglobal____38____(recognize)asasharedculturaltreasureofmankind.AccordingtoUNESCO,inChinatraditionalteaprocessingtechniquesare____39____(close)associatedwithgeographicallocationandnaturalenvironment,resulting____40____sixcategoriesinChina-green,black,yellow,oolong,whiteanddark.____41____anofficialdocumentexplained,teaisafundamentalculturalelementtoChinesepeople’sdailylife.Practicesofgreetingguestswithteaandbuildinggoodrelationshipsthroughtea-relatedactivities____42____(share)amongmultipleethnicgroups,andprovide____43____senseofidentityandcontinuityforcommunities,groupsand____44____(individual)concerned.InChina,itisreportedthatover40vocationalcollegesand80universitieshavesetupmajorsinteascienceorteaculture,withover3,000graduates_____45_____(specialize)inteaproductionandarteveryyear.【答案】36.composed37.hasappealed38.recognition39.closely40.in41.As42.areshared43.a44.individuals45.specializing【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。中国传统茶叶加工工艺及其相关习俗被列入了联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种独特的文化由关于茶园管理、茶叶采摘、加工、饮用和分享的知识、技能和实践组成，是中国第43次入选该榜单，其总数超过了所有其他国家。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。becomposedof“由……组成”，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词。故填composed。【37题详解】考查时态。句意：千百年来吸引世界的茶，终于作为人类共同的文化瑰宝，得到了全球顶级的认可。此处考查谓语动词，根据时间状语forthousandsofyears可知，谓语动词应用现在完成时，先行词that指代名词Thetea，在从句中作主语，从句中助动词应用has。故填hasappealed。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：千百年来吸引世界的茶，终于作为人类共同的文化瑰宝，得到了全球顶级的认可。形容词global后接名词形式。故填recognition。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：据联合国教科文组织介绍，在中国，传统的茶叶加工工艺与地理位置和自然环境密切相关，因此在中国有六种茶类——绿色、黑色、黄色、乌龙茶、白色和深色。修饰动词短语beassociatedwith，用副词，作状语。故填closely。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：据联合国教科文组织介绍，在中国，传统的茶叶加工工艺与地理位置和自然环境密切相关，因此在中国有六种茶类——绿色、黑色、黄色、乌龙茶、白色和深色。固定短语resultin“导致”。故填in。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如一份官方文件所解释的那样，茶是中国人日常生活的基本文化元素。as引出非限定性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明。as有“正如……，就像……”之意。故填As。【42题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：用茶来迎接客人，并通过与茶有关的活动建立良好关系的做法在多个民族之间共享，并为相关社区、团体和个人提供了一种认同感和连续性。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语activities与share之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填areshared。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：用茶来迎接客人，并通过与茶有关的活动建立良好关系的做法在多个民族之间共享，并为相关社区、团体和个人提供了一种认同感和连续性。固定短语asenseof“一种……感”。故填a。【44题详解】考查名词复数。句意：用茶来迎接客人，并通过与茶有关的活动建立良好关系的做法在多个民族之间共享，并为相关社区、团体和个人提供了一种认同感和连续性。名词individual为可数名词，根据并列名词communities和groups可知，用名词的复数形式。故填individuals。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，在中国，有40多所职业院校和80多所大学设立了茶科学或茶文化专业，每年有3000多名毕业生专门从事茶叶生产和艺术。分析句子结构可知，这里为with的复合结构。介词with后宾语over3,000gra