一年级英语-高中英语定语从句

attributiveclause定语从句

定语从句简单句和复合句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

关系代词和关系副词的使用方法

定语从句中需注意的事项1.IamapoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica.2.Whatyoudidisveryimportant.3.Farmersnoticedthatthewellwallshaddeepcracksinthem.4.TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometresaway.5.Ithinkthisisagoodidea.简单句复合句复合句复合句复合句主语从句定语从句地点状语从句宾语从句简单句和复合句Period16.Thedesignoftheroomwasinthefancystylepopularinthosedays.7.Theamberwhichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellow-browncolourlikehoney.8.WhenheorganizedtheANCYouthLeague,IjoineditassoonasIcould.9.ThisgiftwastheAmberRoom,whichwasgiventhisnamebecauseseveraltonsofamberwereusedtomakeit.简单句复合句复合句复合句定语从句时间状语从句定语从句原因状语从句

定语：修饰名词或代词的成分，可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任。

例：

Thelittlegirlbehindthetree

isKate.

Themandrivingtoofast

wasadrunk.注意：单词做定语位于名词前，短语作定语位于名词后。

定语从句：在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。

例：Thegirlwhoisbehindthetree

isKate.

Themanwhowasdrivingtoofast

wasadrunk.定语从句

不管引导词是哪一个，都翻译为“……的”。

Thisis

thecar

whichheboughtlastyear.这是（他去年买的）那辆车。TheboywhosehometownisGuangdongisYiJianlian.那个（家乡是广东的）男生是易建联。定语从句的翻译限制性定语从句：与先行词关系密切，是先行词不可缺少的部分。

例：Thegirlwhoisbehindthetree

isKate.

Themanwhowasdrivingtoofast

wasadrunk.

非限制性定语从句：用逗号与先行词隔开，是对先行词的补充或说明，去掉它不会影响主句的意思表达。

例:ThatafternoonhemetMary,whoinvtedhimto

aparty.

Theseappletrees,

whichIplantedthreeyears

ago,

havegrownwell.定语从句的分类先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

代替

Thatisthe

bikewhich

myfatherboughtforme.

先行词＝关系词bike关系词的作用：既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当某种成分。先行词和关系词先行词

主格

宾格

所有格

人who,thatwhom,thatwhose

物which,thatwhich,thatwhose

最后，要确定关系代词的人称和数(请看以上例句)关系代词定语从句的关系词先行词关系副词地点where时间when原因why

最后，要确定关系代词的人称和数(请看以上例句)关系副词关系代词的使用方法

that：多指物，也可以指人，代替先行词在从句中作主语或宾语。

1)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2)

Hewashurtintheaccident

thathappenedyesterday.3)Haveyoufoundthebike

thatyoulost?

4)

Thegirl

thathelpedmeinthesupermarketisacollegestudent.

Period22.which指物,代替先行词在从句中作主语或宾语。作主语时不可省略;作宾语时可以省略。1)Hisfatherworksinafactory

that/which

producesTVsets.2)Thefilmthat/which

wesawlastnightwasverywonderful.3.who和whom指人,who代替先行词在从句中作主语,whom代替先行词在从句中作宾语。1)Thegirls

who/thatwerebadlyhurtintheaccidentaremyclassmates.

2)Theboy

whom/thatImetyesterdayisJim'sbrother.注意：关系代词that,which,who,whom在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。如：1)Heknewtheteacher(that/whom)wemetyesterday.2)Haveyoufoundthebike（that/which）youlost?4.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。1)Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawoman

whosebagwasstolen.2)Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.

Pleaseshowmethebook

whosecoverisred.3)I’llcallaperson.Hisfatherknowsyou.

I’llcallaperson

whosefatherknowsyou.关系副词的使用方法定语从句常用的关系副词有：where，when，why.1.where指地点，代替先行词在从句中做地点状语。

(=on/in/at…which)1)Thisistheschool

whereIsudiedforfouryears.2)

Iknowapark

where

wecanspendthewholeweekend.3)Isthistheplace

wheretheaccidenthappened?

1.when指时间，代替先行词在从句中做时间状语。

(=on/in…which)1)Thetime

whenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.

2)

Theday

whenhehelpedmewasoneofmyhappiestdays.3)Thiswasatime

when

thetwocountrieswereatwar.

1.why指原因，代替先行词在从句中做原因状语。1)Thereason

whyIchosetogotothatcollegewasthatitisnearmyhometown.

2)

Thereason

whyhedidn'tgetthatjobwassthathecouldn'tspeakEnglish.3)Thisisthereason

why

wemustgonow.

1)Thisisthehero(whom)weareproudof.(×)Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.(√)

2)Sheisthegirl

whomIwentwiththere.(×)SheisthegirlwithwhomIwentthere.(√)当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，我们通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指人，用“介词+whom”，如果指物，用“介词+which”.介词+关系代词的使用方法3)Theroom

(that)Iliveinisverybig.(×)Theroom

inwhichIliveisverybig.(√)

=Theroom

whereIliveisverybig.4).Iwanttofindthepen

(which)Iwrotetheletterwith.(×)IwanttofindthepenwithwhichIwrotetheletter.(√)summary定语从句：跟在先行词之后，用来限定或修饰先行词。定语从句的分类限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句定语从句的关系词关系代词指人who/that（主格）whom/that（宾格）指物which/that所有格whose关系副词指地点指时间指原因wherewhenwhy介词+关系代词指人指物介词+whom介词+whichAttentionthat和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,用that而不用which。(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。

Iamsureshehassomething(that)

youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooks

that

arekeptinthislibeary.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthat

belongstohim.(2)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(3)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。(4)先行词同时含有人和物时。Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschoolsthatwehadvisitedthere.

that不能引导非限制性定语从句

that不能用于“介词+关系代词”中（指物用介词+which,指人用介词+whom）

ExercisesPractice1:将下列各组句子合并成定语从句。

1)TheboyisTom.

Tomsitsinfrontofme.Theboy(whositsinfrontofme)isTom.

2)Theteacherwillgiveusaspeech.Wemettheteacheryesterday.

Theteacher(whomwemetyesterday)willgiveusaspeech.3)

Istillrememberthefirstday.Icametoschoolonthefirstday.Istillrememberthefirstday(whenIcametoschool).4)Youboughtabookyesterday.Ilikethebook.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.

1.Thisistheengineer_____gaveusatalkaboutcomputers.2.Mynecklaceisnottheonlything