高考英语一轮全册复习学案Unit24《Society》

Unit24Society需写准记牢的单词——记其形、明其义1．voluntaryadj.自愿的2．governvt.统治，管理3．burdenn.重担，负担4．resignvt.&vi.5．deletevt.删除6．virtuen.优点，长处7．electvt.选举，推选8．undertakevt.着手做，从事9．finen.罚款10．abolishvt.废除11．moreoveradv.再者，此外12．furthermoreadv.此外，而且13．consequentlyadv. 所以，因此需举一反三的单词——知其性、通其变1．homelessnessn．无家可归→homelessadj.无家可归的2．adjustmentn．调整，调节→adjustvt.调整，调节3．diverseadj.各种各样的→diversityn．多样性；差异4．thirstn．口渴→thirstyadj.口渴的需会读明义的单词——识其形、知其义1．inequalityn.不平等2．abortionn.堕胎，人工流产3．householdn.一个家庭4．abundantadj.大量的5．consumern.消费者6．depositvt.&vi.存储，7．currencyn.货币8．accumulatev.积累9．ownershipn.所有权10．ragn.破旧衣服11．vacantadj.未住人的，空置的12．pensionn.退休金，养老金13．pregnantadj.怀孕的14．chokevi.窒息，噎住15．shrinkvi.(使)收缩，缩小16．leisuren.闲暇，空闲17．frameworkn.结构，构架18．feastn.盛宴，宴会19．surplusn.盈余，剩余20．mercifuladj.宽大的，仁慈的21．collisionn.相撞22．fountainn.喷泉，喷水池23．paddlevi.&vt.划水；涉水24．wagvt.摇摆，摆动25．grocern.食品杂货商26．postern.海报27．skipvt.跳过28．editionn.版本29．fragrantadj.有香味的30．preservationn.维护，保存31．squeezevt.挤32．containern.容器33．relayvt.转达；传送34．spoonfuln.一匙之量35．robberyn.抢劫36．sentencen.判决37．revengen.复仇，报复38．spiritualadj.宗教的，教会的；精神的39．prayern.祈祷，祷告40．merchantn.商人41．suckvt.含在嘴里吮食1．come_into_being形成，存在2．wind_sb._up故意惹恼(某人，尤指开玩笑)3．show_off炫耀，夸耀4．knock_into_sb.撞上某人5．break_into闯入6．on_principle根据原则7．(be)_aimed_at目标是；针对8．clean_up打扫干净9．do_away_with废除，消除1．教材原句]I'd_rather_you_didn't_mentionthat.我宁愿你没有提及那一点。句式解读]wouldrather后跟从句时，从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。2．教材原句]What_ifsomemarriedpeoplehaveaffairs?如果有些已婚人士有婚外情怎么办？句式解读]whatif是连词词组，意为“要是……怎么办”，位于句首，引导条件状语从句。3．教材原句]Theywerethenabletoplaceguardsattheentrancesofthevarioushutongs,whichmade_it_easier_tokeepaneyeonpeople'smovements.然后他们就可以在各个胡同路口设置哨兵，这样更便于监视人们的举动。句式解读]makeit...为“makeit＋形容词＋todo...”结构，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式。4．教材原句]Asasociety,it's_high_time_that_we_tooktheseissuesmoreseriously.作为整个社会来讲，到了我们应该更加认真地考虑这些问题的时候了。句式解读]It'shightimethatsb.didsth.“到某人做某事的时候了”。重难·抢分型词汇——合作学会]1．abundantadj.大量的；丰盛的；充裕的高考佳句](2013·四川高考书面表达)Thus,goodlearninghabitscanhelpusgaingreatlearningresultsincludinghighscoresandabundantknowledge.因此，好的学习习惯可以帮助我们获得好的学习结果，包括高分数和大量的知识。(1)beabundantin(＝berichin)富于……，……很丰富anabundantsupplyof充足的……供应(2)abundancen．U]丰富inabundance大量，富裕anabundanceof丰富的……(3)abundantlyadv.丰富地，大量地；十分清楚地Birdsareabundantinthetallvegetation.高大的植被中有着大量的鸟类。Thereisanabundantsupplyofcheaplabor.廉价劳动力供应充足。eq\a\vs4\al(多维训练)Ⅰ.用abundant的相关短语填空①Ourcountryis_abundant_inminerals.②Atthepartytherewasfoodanddrinkin_abundance．Ⅱ.一句多译③这个国家自然资源丰富。③－1This_country_is_abundant_in_natural_resources.③－2This_country_is_rich_in_natural_resources.③－3There_are_natural_resources_in_abundance_in_this_country.2．burdenn．C](义务、责任等的)重担，负担v．(使)担负(沉重或艰难的任务、职责等)高考佳句](2013·湖南高考单选)Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudentsarearound$8，450ayear,whichisaburdenforsomeofthem.这所大学估计，留学生的生活费用每年大约8450美元左右，这对一些学生来说是一个负担。(1)bear/carry/ease/reduce/shareaburden承受/担负/减轻/减少/分担重担aburdenon/tosb.加给某人的重担；某人的负担(2)burdensb./oneselfwithsth.加负担于某人或自己beburdendwithsth.负重Hisinvalidfatherisgraduallybecomingaburdenon/tohim.他父亲体弱多病，对他来说渐渐成了累赘。Idon'twanttoburdenyouwithmyproblems.我不想让我的问题给你增加负担。个性比较]burden表示“负担，担子”，多为贬义load表示“装载物，负荷，工作量”，也可指“思想上的负担，压力”eq\a\vs4\al(多维训练)Ⅰ.介词填空①Herdeathwillbeanimpossibleburdenon/toPaul.②Nowadayspeasantsarenolongerburdenedwithheavytaxation.Ⅱ.句式升级③Hewasburdenedwithendlesspaperwork,sohedidn'thavetimetoassistyou.→Burdened_with_endless_paperwork,_he_didn't_have_time_to_assist_you.(用过去分词短语作状语)3．vacantadj.空着的；无人用的；(职位)空缺的；茫然的；失神的教材原句]Surelywe'restillbetteroffthanthosewhowearragsandsleeponthestreetsorinvacantbuildings...当然，我们比那些衣衫褴褛，睡在马路和空置的大楼里的人生活要好多了……(1)avacantseat空座avacantexpression/look茫然的神情fall/becomevacant空出；空缺(2)vacancyn.(职位的)空缺，空职Shehasavacantlook.她脸上没有表情。Iwasveryhappythejobfellvacant.我很高兴这份工作会空缺。名师指津](1)empty强调什么也没有，而vacant则强调没人占用。一个房间如果没有人居住，那是vacant；如果连家具也没有，那就是empty。(2)vacant喻指空缺或空虚麻木；empty喻指没有意义、没有价值和内容。eq\a\vs4\al(多维训练)Ⅰ.选词填空(vacant/empty)①Pleaseleavethefrontrowofseatsvacant．②Theroadswerenearlyemptyoftraffic.Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成小片段③他脸色苍白，总是面无表情。除了吸烟、喝酒之外，空余时间他无所事事。由此推断：他身体欠佳、精神空虚。Heispaleandisalwayswearinga_vacant_expressiononhisface.In_his_vacant_time,_heisalwaysseenhangingaboutexceptsmokinganddrinking.Judgingfromallthese,wecanconcludethatheispoorinhealthandvacant_in_mind．4．resignv．辞职；放弃(权力等)；听从；顺从，甘心教材原句]Hisbossinsistedthatheworklongerhourssoheresigned.他的老板坚持让他工作更长时间，因此他辞掉了工作。(1)resignone'sjob/post/position辞去工作/职务resignfrom...从……辞职resignas...辞去……职务resign...to...把……托付给……(2)resignationn.辞职；辞呈handin/offerone'sresignation递交辞呈Youmustresignyourselvestowaitingabitlonger.你们得耐心地多等一小会儿。Hisfatherwillhandinhisresignation.他的父亲将要递交辞呈。eq\a\vs4\al(多维训练)Ⅰ.单句语法填空①Wewantyoutoreconsideryourdecisiontoresignfromtheboardaschairman.②Theyrefusedtoresignthemselvestodefeat.③Mr.Morganhasofferedhisresignation(resign)andithasbeenaccepted.Ⅱ.一句多译④为了照顾生病的父亲，她辞去了委员会的职务。④－1Tolookafterhersickfathershe_resigned_from_the_committee．④－2Tolookafterhersickfathershe_resigned_as_a_member_of_the_committee．5．undertakev．着手做；从事；承担；许诺高考佳句](·江苏高考阅读C)Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.要做到这一点，了解人们为什么从事志愿工作，为什么有兴趣做，应该对此有帮助。undertake＋n./pron.承担……undertaketodo着手做……，答应做……undertakethat...答应……undertakefor为……负责Iwillundertaketofeedyourdogswhileyouareaway.你不在家时我保证替你喂狗。We'llundertakeforyoursecuritywhileyouarevisitingourcountry.当你访问我们国家时，我们将保证你的安全。eq\a\vs4\al(多维训练)Ⅰ.单句语法填空①Heundertookto_contribute(contribute)5，000yuan.②Whoshouldundertaketheresponsibilityforwhitepollution?Ⅱ.一句多译③我不能保证你能获利。③－1I_can't_undertake_you_can_make_a_profit.③－2I_can't_guarantee_you_can_make_a_profit.③－3I_can't__make_sure_you_can_make_a_profit.6．sentencen．C]&v．判决；宣判教材原句]Iamtotallyagainsthardersentencesonprincipleandreallyfeelthedeathpenaltyshouldbeabolished.原则上我完全反对更严厉的判决，而且的确认为应该废除死刑。(1)servea/one'ssentence服刑pass/announce/givesentenceon/uponsb.对某人判刑(2)sentencesb.to给某人判……刑；宣判某人……罪刑Theprisonerhasservedhissentenceandwillbereleasedtomorrow.犯人已服刑期满，明天将释放。Thejudgesentencedthemurderertodeath.法官判处那个杀人犯死刑。eq\a\vs4\al(多维训练)Ⅰ.介词填空①BeforeIpasssentenceonyou,haveyouanythingtosayforyourself?②AformerFudanUniversitystudentwhokilledhisroommatebypoisoningwassentencedtodeath.Ⅱ.一句多译③这位市长被法官判处终身监禁。③－1Thejudgesentencedthemayortoalifeimprisonment.③－2Themayorwas_sentenced_toalifeimprisonmentbythejudge.7．comeintobeing形成；开始存在；产生教材原句]Iflawssuchasthesecameintobeing,ahugeadjustmentwouldberequiredandtherewouldcertainlybediversereactions.如果像这样的法律能够形成的话，社会将需要做巨大的调整，而且人们的反应也一定会各有不同。comeintoexistence产生；存在comeintoforce(法律、规章、制度等)实施，生效comeintoeffect生效comeintooffice就职comeintouse/service开始使用comeintosight/view看见comeintopower开始执政comeintofashion开始流行Thisdecision，whichaimstomakeallindoorpublicplacessmoke­free,willcomeintoeffectfromthefirstdayof2011.这个决定旨在使所有的室内公共区域都变成无烟区，从2011年第一天开始生效。Afterhecameintopower,thepresidentdeliveredawonderfulspeech.总统上台之后，发表了一篇精彩的演说。名师指津]comeintobeing为不及物动词短语，没有被动语态形式。eq\a\vs4\al(多维训练)Ⅰ.单句改错①Wedon'tknowwhenthisworldwascomeintobeing.was_come→came②ModernEnglishwascomingintobeingfromaboutthemiddleof16thcentury.was_coming→cameⅡ.句型转换③Ifthismethodbeginstobeused,itwillgreatlyincreaseourproduction.→Ifthismethodcomesintouse,_itwillgreatlyincreaseourproduction.④Thetreatyexistedin1982anditisstillworking.→Thetreatycameintobeingin1982anditisstillworking.8．showoff炫耀经典例句]Heactuallyenjoyshisnewhairstyleandhasdecidedtostartshowingitoff.实际上他很喜欢自己的新发型，决定要炫耀一番。(1)show...out领……出去show...in带或领……进来show...up揭发……showup出席；到场showsb.around/round领某人参观(2)onshow(＝ondisplay)在展出talkshow脱口秀Hewentsailinganddidnotshowupforalongtime.他航行去了，而且很长一段时间没有露面。Sheshowedmearound/roundandintroducedmetoeverybody.她领着我四处参观，将我介绍给每个人。eq\a\vs4\al(多维训练)Ⅰ.用show的相关短语填空①Apoliceputsomechemicalsonthepieceofpaperandalineofwordsshowed_up．②Helikestoshow_offhisabilities.③Youaretobeshown_around/roundthecampustomorrow.④Hispaintingsareon_showherethismonth.Ⅱ.句式升级⑤AfterweareshownaroundtheGreatWall,wewillvisittheBirdNesttomorrow.→Shown_around_the_Great_Wall,_we_will_visit_the_Bird_Nest_tomorrow.(过去分词短语作状语)9．knockinto撞在……上；遇上；把……灌输给教材原句]ThereisacaraccidentthereatleastonceaweekandtodayInearlyknockedintosomebodycrossingtheroad!那儿一周至少有一次汽车交通事故，今天我几乎撞上了一个横穿马路的人！knockabout/around漫游，闲逛knockover撞倒；打倒；撞翻knockout(of)打败；淘汰；敲出knockon/atthedoor敲门knockdown撞倒；拆除knockoff减价；中断；停止Heknockedabout/aroundAfricawhenhewasyoung.他年轻时曾在非洲四处游荡。Pleaseknockon/atthedoorbeforeyoucomeinnexttime.下次在你进来之前请先敲门。Aboywasknockeddownbyapassingcarbutfortunatelyhewasunhurt.一个男孩被一辆路过的汽车撞倒了，幸运的是他没有受伤。名师指津]knockinto表示“撞上”时，相当于runinto；表示“遇上”时，相当于comeacross,runacross,meetwith或meetbychance。eq\a\vs4\al(多维训练)Ⅰ.用knock的相关短语填空①Englandhadbeenknocked_out_oftheWorldCup.②WejustwanttogotoBeijing,andknock_about/aroundforafewdays.③Theshopkeeperagreedtoknock5poundsofftheprice.④Hewalkedinthedarkandknocked_intoatree.⑤TheywerewritingwhenMichaelknocked_atthedoor.Ⅱ.一句多译⑥在街上走的时候我遇到了一位老朋友。⑥－1I_knocked_into_an_old_friendwhenIwaswalkinginthestreet.(knock)⑥－2I_came_across_an_old_friendwhenIwaswalkinginthestreet.(come)⑥－3I_met_with_an_old_friendwhenIwaswalkinginthestreet.(meet)常考·保分型词汇——自主练会]1．voluntaryadj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的练习]用voluntary的适当形式填空①Heisstillinvolvedinvoluntaryworkpromotinglocalenterprise.②AuntMaryvolunteeredtocleanupthekitchen.eq\a\vs4\al([归纳领悟])voluntary为形容词，volunteer为动词，volunteertodo“自愿做……”。2．electv．选举；推选；选择；决定做某事练习]单句语法填空①Iwonderwhotheywillelectasmayor.②Hehasalreadystatedhisintentiontorunforelection(elect)．③Ifplayinghisdirtygameistheonlywayofwinninganelection(elect),I'dratherlose.eq\a\vs4\al([归纳领悟])electsb.as...“选举某人担任……”；runforelection“参加竞选”；win/loseanelection“在选举中获胜/失败”。3．castvt.投下；选派；扮演……角色练习]完成句子①Standingtimidlybeforetheteacher,thegirlcast_downhereyes.小女孩拘谨地站在老师面前，垂下了目光。②Icast_a_votefortheproposal.对那项议案我投了赞成票。eq\a\vs4\al([归纳领悟])castdown“使沮丧，使下降”；castavote“投票”。4．keepaneyeon留神，注意；留意；照看练习]用eye的相关短语完成句子①Pleasekeep_an_eye_on(留意，照看)thestoveincasethemilkboils.②Heisfixing_his_eyes_on(注视)somethingoutsidetheclassroom.③Apostcard,apresentfrommygrandfather,caught_his_eye(引起了他的注意)．eq\a\vs4\al([归纳领悟])fixone'seyeson/upon“注视，凝视(stareat)”；catchone'seye“引起某人注意；吸引某人的眼光”。1．What_ifsomemarriedpeoplehaveaffairs?如果有些已婚人士有婚外情怎么办呢？(1)Whatif...？此处意为“如果……怎么办？”，可看作“Whatshallwe/Idoif...？”的省略形式。whatif用于提出假设，其后句子可用陈述语气(一般现在时)，也可用虚拟语气(一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”)。WhatifhedisagreestoleaveThailand?如果他不同意离开泰国怎么办？Whatifshefoundoutthatyouliedtoher?要是她发现你对她撒谎了怎么办？(2)Whatif...？还可意为“即使……又有什么关系？”，此时可看作是“Whatdoesitmatterif...？”的省略形式。Whatifhedoesn'tinvitemetohisbirthdayparty?即使他不邀请我去参加他的生日聚会又有什么关系？(3)Whatif...？还可用于表示邀请或建议，意为“如果……怎么样？”或“如果……如何？”。Whatifwemovedthesofaoverthere?Wouldthatlookbetter?要是我们把沙发挪到那边去会怎样？看上去会不会好一些？eq\a\vs4\al(多维训练)Ⅰ.句型转换①IfIfallsickandcan'tbeabletowork,whatshallIdo?→Whatif_Ifallsickandcan'tbeabletowork?②Shallwegooutforawalkaftersupper?→Whatifwegooutforawalkaftersupper?Ⅱ.翻译句子③同我们一起吃午饭怎么样？What_if_you_join_us_for_lunch?④如果她发现你把她的书弄丢了怎么办？What_if_she_finds_out_that_you've_lost_her_book?⑤即使我这次失败了又怎样？What_if_I_fail_this_time?2.Theywerethenabletoplaceguardsattheentrancesofthevarioushutongs,whichmade_it_easiertokeepaneyeonpeople'smovements.然后他们就可以在各个胡同路口设置哨兵，这样更便于监视人们的举动。makeiteasier是“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语tokeepaneyeonpeople'smovements。在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”这一结构中，宾补可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式来充当。PeopleintheWestmakeitaruletobuyChristmaspresentsfortheirrelativesandfriends.西方国家的人常在圣诞节时给亲属和朋友购买礼物。BillGates'Microsoftmakeshimaphenomenoninthebusinessworld.比尔·盖茨的微软使他成为商界的一个奇才。Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,nottomakeitmoredifficult.新技术的目的是使生活变得更加容易，而不是变得更加困难。名师指津](1)在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，当“独一无二的职位、头衔”的名词作补足语时，名词前无冠词。(2)在英语中，动词(短语)let,make,have,feel,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,hear等后要跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。eq\a\vs4\al(多维训练)Ⅰ.单句语法填空①Hespokesoclearlyastomakehimselfunderstood(understand)．②Thebossmadehimwork(work)12hoursaday.③Newtechnologieshavemadeitpossibleto_turn(turn)outnewproductsfasterandatalowercost.④Pedestrians,botholdandyoung,shouldmakeitahabittouseoverheadbridges.Ⅱ.句式升级⑤Nomatterwhereheis,itisaruleforhimtogoforawalkbeforebreakfast.→No_matter_where_he_is,_he_makes_it_a_rule_to_go_for_a_walk_before_breakfast.(用“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”)单元基础落实练]Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2016·皖北协作体高三联考)Hisfriendspointoutthathehasalreadyresigned(resign)onegoodroleovertheaffair.2．Thisinvolvedthedeletion(delete)ofagreatdealofirrelevantmaterial.3．Ifyouarewillingtodovoluntarywork,youcanbeavolunteer．(voluntary)4．Sheusedtoeditnewspapers,andnowsheistheeditorofadictionarywhichisnowinitssixthedition．(edition)5．Thenewgovernorisgoverningthestateverywell,whichmakesitsgovernmentwellreceivedbypeople.(govern)Ⅱ.单句改错1．Hefailedallhisattemptsandnowhehastoresignhisfate.resign_后加to2．(2016·泉州质检)Hewaselected(as/tobe)thechairmanoftheStudentUnionatschool.去掉第一个the3．Wehadtobreakinthehousebecausewehadlostthekey.in→into4．Jackhasjustboughtanothernewcar;hemustbeverygoodoff.good→well5．Startwith,wehaven'tenoughmoney,andsecondlywe'retoobusy.Start→To_startⅢ.选词填空beburdenedwith,comeintobeing,showoff,breakinto,doawaywith,knockinto,beaimedat,sentencetodeath,squeezein,onprinciple1．Theyhadtodo_away_withsomeoftheoldlaws.2．Westilldon'tknowhowtheworldcame_into_being．3．Astationaryobjectiseasytobe_aimed_at．4．Remembertotellthisinterestingstorytoshow_offyourknowledge.5．Hishousewasbroken_intobyburglarslastweek.6．Iwassohurriedastoknock_intomyteacher.7．Thebuswassofullthatonemorepassengercouldnothavesqueezed_in．8．Theoldwomanburstintotearswhensheheardhersonwassentenced_to_death．9．Mr.Whiteisacapableperson.Heis_burdened_withmanyataskinhiscompany.10．Theyhaveacceptedtheproposalon_principle．Ⅳ.完成句子1．I'd_rather_you_hadn't_toldhimthenewsthatday.我真希望你那天没有把那个消息告诉他。2．It'shightimethatwe_(should)_put_an_end_to_this_discussion．是我们该结束讨论的时候了。3．NinaandMarywereinthekitchen,cleaning_up_after_dinner．吃过晚饭，尼娜和玛丽在厨房里收拾。4．(2016·济南模拟)What_ifyoucan'tmakeapanicbuyingtheiPhone6today?如果你今天抢购不到苹果第六代手机怎么办？5．TheInternetmakes_it_easier_for_peopletoknowabouttheworld.网络使人们更容易了解世界。6．I'd_rather_you_posted_the_letterrightnow.我想让你现在去寄信。7．Shemade_it_clearthatsheobjectedtotheplan.她明确表示反对此项计划。8．What_ifJeremyLinisabsentfromthebasketballgame?要是林书豪缺席这场篮球赛会怎么样？9．Risingcostsmade_it_hard_to_carry_onbusiness.成本不断上涨，生意很难做成。Ⅴ.课文缩写语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Manyofusindevelopedsocietiesaretrapped①inaspendingcircle.Weworkhardsothatwecanearnmoremoney.Whenwehavemoremoney,wespendmoreandbecausewespendmore,wehavetoworkevenharder.But②strangely(strange)enough,③themoremoneyweearn,thelessoftenweseeit.Instead,westartputtingoursignaturesoncreditcardsand④spending(spend)moneywedon'tevenhave.Besides,we'realltaxpayerssothemoreweearnthemoretaxwehavetopaytothose⑤whogovernus.⑥Thus,_thecirclegoesroundandroundandgetsmoreandmorecomplicated.Inthisspendingcircle,⑦ontheonehand,weaccumulatepossessionsbutneverfeellikewehaveenough.Ontheotherhand,weworktowardstheownershipofbiggerand⑧better(good)housesandcarsandneverhavetimetoenjoythem.Instead,theyfeellikeaburdenbecauseeverymonthwehavetohandovermostofthemoneyweearn⑨to_pay(pay)forthem.Andtheresultofallthisisobvious.Notincreasedhappiness,⑩butstressandlessfreetimetobeourselvesandenjoybeingwithourfriendsandfamilies.Ⅵ.话题微写作根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面的小作文。1．李华被指控闯入一家超市，据说他在那儿偷了很多珠宝，最终被判处三年监禁。(bechargedwith,breakinto,abundant,jewelry,besentencedto)2．李华以前是个好孩子，曾被选为班里的班长。(usedto，elect)3．但后来他在网吧迷上了电脑游戏，染上了很多恶习。(diverse)4．是电脑游戏导致了这场悲剧。(itwas...that)5．因此政府是时候取缔这样的坏网吧了。(It'shightimethat...,ban)LiHuawaschargedwithbreakingintoasupermarket,whereitisreportedthathestoleabundantjewelry.Finally,hewassentencedtothreeyearsinprison.Heusedtobeagoodboyandwaselectedmonitorinhisclass.Butlaterhewasaddictedtocomputergamesinthenetbarandpickedupdiversebadhabits.Itwasthecomputergamesthatledtothetragedy.Soitishightimethatthegovernmentbannedsuchbadnetbars.高考题型提能练]Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2016·安徽重点中学联考)Candogsandcatsliveinperfectharmonyinthesamehome?Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheircatsareworriedthattheywillfight.Arecentresearchhasfoundanewrecipeforsuccess.Accordingtothestudy,ifthecatisadoptedbeforethedog,andiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyoung(lessthan6monthsforcats,ayearfordogs),itishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Two­thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.However,itwasn'tallsweetnessandlight.Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25%ofthehomes,whileaggressionandfightingwereobservedin10%ofthehomes.Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalsarejustopposite.Forexample,whenacatturnsitsheadawayitsignalsaggression,whileadogdoingthesamesignalssubmission.Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefully,researchersobservedasurprisingbehavior.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother'slanguage.Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalk“Dog”，anddogscanlearnhowtotalk“Cat”．What'sinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtodeveloptheirintelligence.Theycanlearnhowtoreadeachother'sbodysignals,suggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwaspreviouslysuspected.Oncefamiliarwitheachother'spresenceandbodylanguage,catsanddogscanplaytogether,greeteachothernosetonose,andenjoysleepingtogetheronthesofa.Theycaneasilysharethesamewaterbowlandinsomecasesgroom(梳理)eachother.Thesignificanceofthisresearchoncatsanddogsmaygobeyondpets—topeoplewhodon'tgetalong,includingneighbors,colleaguesatwork,andevenworldsuperpowers.Ifcatsanddogscanlearntogetalong,surelypeoplehaveagoodchance.语篇解读：人们一般认为在同一家庭中，狗与猫之间因为种种原因难以和谐相处，即使可以的话也只占极少部分。然而最近一项科学研究却对这种看法提出了挑战，研究结果发现猫与狗之间存在着交流与学习。它们彼此互相学习各自的语言、深化认识，有助于促进相互间和平共处。既然动物之间都可以这样主动改善关系，更何况我们人类呢？1．Theunderlinedword“swimmingly”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto“________”．A．earlyB．sweetlyC．quicklyD．smoothly解析：选D词义猜测题。首段第一、二句就暗示人们普遍认为狗和猫是不能和谐相处的，而后面的研究与前面内容形成对比：如果采取适当的措施，猫与狗之间是可以和平相处的，因而“swimmingly”应该是“顺利地；轻易地”之意。A、C两项有悖常识；B项意为“甜蜜地；亲切地”，程度过深，不合常理；D项smoothly意为“平稳地；顺利地”，切合题意。2．Whatisfoundsurprisingaboutcatsanddogs?A．Theyeatandsleeptogether. B．Theyobserveeachother'sbehaviors.C．Theylearntospeakeachother'slanguage.D.Theyknowsomethingfromeachother'svoices.解析：选C细节理解题。从第三段“researchersobservedasurprisingbehavior.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother'slanguage”得知这个令人吃惊的发现便是猫与狗竟然能够互相学习对方的语言。3．ItissuggestedinParagraph4thatcatsanddogs________．A．havecommoninterests B.arelessdifferentthanthoughtC．haveacommonbodylanguageD.arelessintelligentthanexpected解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段可知事实上猫与狗之间存在更多的共同点，它们并没有我们想象中的那么格格不入。4．Whatcanwehumanbeingslearnfromcatsanddogs?A．Weshouldlearntoliveinharmony.B．Weshouldknowmoreaboutanimals.C．Weshouldliveinpeacewithanimals.D．Weshouldlearnmorebodylanguages.解析：选A推理判断题。细读最后一段内容我们可以发现作者提出了反问：既然动物都可以学着和谐共存，更何况是技高一筹的人类？因而，通过猫与狗的研究可以得出我们人类应该学会和谐相处。BPerhapsyouthinkyoucouldeasilyaddtoyourhappinesswithmoremoney.Strangeasitmayseem,ifyou'reunsatisfied,theissueisnotalackofmeanstomeetyourdesiresbutalackofdesires—notthatyoucannotsatisfyyourtastesbutthatyoudon'thaveenoughtastes.Realrichesconsistofwell­developedandheartycapacitiestoenjoylife.Mostpeoplearealreadyswamped(淹没)withthings.Theyeat,wear,goandtalktoomuch.They_live_in_too_big_a_house_with_too_many_rooms,_yet_their_house_of_life_is_a_hut.Yourhouseoflifeoughttobeamansion(豪宅),aroyalpalace.Everynewtaste,everyadditionalinterest,everyfreshenthusiasmaddsaroom.Hereareseveralroomsyourhouseoflifeshouldhave.Artshouldbeadesireforyoutodevelopsimplybecausetheworldisfullofbeautifulthings.Ifyouonlyunderstoodhowtoenjoythemandfeedyourspiritonthem,theywouldmakeyouashappyastofindplentyofhamandeggswhenyou'rehungry.Literature,classicliterature,isabeautiful,richlyfurnishedroomwhereyoumightfindmanyanhourofrestandrefreshment.Togainthatlovewouldgotowardmakingyouarichperson,forarichpersonisnotsomeonewhohasalibrarybutwholikesalibrary.MusiclikeMozart'sandBach'sshouldn'tbeabsent.Realrichesareofthespirit.Andwhenyou'vebroughtthatspirituptowhereclassicalmusicfeedsitandmakesyoualittledrunk,youhaveincreasedyourthrillsandbetteredthem.Andlifeisamatterofthrills.Sports,withoutwhichyouremainpoor,meanalotinlife.Nomatterwhoyouare,youwouldbemorehuman,andyourhouseoflifewouldbebettersupportedagainstthebaddays,ifyoucould,anddid,playabit.Whateverroomsyoumightaddtoyourhouseoflife,thesecretofenjoyinglifeistokeepadding.语篇解读：本文通过对物质富有和精神富有的对比，阐述了精神富有的重要性。5．Theauthorintendstotellusthat________．A．truehappinessliesinachievingwealthbyfairmeansB．bighousesarepeople'smostvaluedpossessionsC．bighousescaninasensebringrichnessoflifeD．truehappinesscomesfromspiritualriches解析：选D写作意图题。本文通过把物质上房子的大小和精神上房子的大小进行对比，说明真正的幸福来自精神的富有而不是物质的富有，故选D。6．Theunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraphprobablyimpliesthat________．A．howevermateriallyrich,theyneverseemtobesatisfiedB．howevermateriallyrich,theyremainspirituallypoorC．thoughtheirhouseisbig,theypreferasimplelifeD．thoughtheirhouseisbig,itseemstobeacage解析：选B句意理解题。画线处的句子意思是：他们住在拥有太多房间的一所太大的房子里，然而他们精神生活的房子却是一个小屋。物质和精神上的对比说明无论物质生活是多么富有，他们的精神生活仍然是贫穷的，故选B。7．Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat________．A．moremoneybringsmorehappinessB．artisneededtomakeyourhousebeautifulC．literaturecanenrichyourspirituallifeD．sportscontributemainlytoyourphysicalfitness解析：选C细节理解题。第五段把文学、古典文学比作一个房间，在那里你能得到休息，振奋精神，得到那份对文学的爱将会使你成为一个精神富有的人，故选C。8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．HouseofLifeB．SecretofWealthC．RestandRefreshmentD．InterestandEnthusiasm解析：选A标题归纳题。本文通过把物质生活的房子和精神生活的房子进行比较，得出物质生活富有并不代表精神生活富有，我们需要的是精神上的房子，故A项最能概括本文主旨。Ⅱ.任务型阅读SomeStepsforBreakingThroughYourComfortZoneAcomfortzoneisaself­imposedboundarywhereapersonwillrefusetopushpast.Doingsousuallyfillshimorherwithnervousnessandanxiety.Solet'stalkaboutbreakingoutofthiscomfortzone.Getinformation.Tobreakthroughyourcomfortzoneyouneedtofirsteducateyourself.Yourgoalhereistofindoutaboutwhateverskillyou'repursuing.You'lltalktopeoplewhohavedonethesamething.1.________Andyou'llcheckoutarticlesontheInternetaboutthissubject.Haveaplan.Aftereducatingyourselfit'simportanttocreateaplanofaction.Withthisstepyou'regoingtowritedownastep­by­stepblueprintforhowyou'regoingtobreakthroughyourcomfortzone.2.________Thenyoucreateaplantogettoeachlevel.Inthisplanyouneedtocreatebenchmarks.Thesearemini­goalsthatputyouonestepclosetopushingpastyourcomfortzone.3．________Thisisanimportantstepbecausethepeopleinyourlifewillkeepyouontrack.Youwantthemtogiveyouthat“push”asyou'repushingyourboundaries.Theywillmakeithardforyoutoquitbecauseyouknowyou'lllookfoolishifyoudid.Remainpositive.Therewillbetimeswhenyouexperienceanegativeoutcome,somethingthatshakesyourconfidenceandmakesyoufeelscared.Thetrickistonotletanythingpreventyoufromblastingpastthepointofcomfort.Recognizethatyouwillhavenegativeoutcomes.4.________Keepexpandingyourcomfortzone.5.________Findstuffthatyouneverimaginedyouwoulddo.Liketeachingaclassonthesubjectthatoncefilledyouwithfear.Oryoucouldworkonarelatedskill.A．Lookfornewchallenges.B．Youcan'tbecomeanovernightsuccess.C．It'sanaturalpartoftheprocess.D．You'llreadbooksonthesubject.E．Havepeoplearoundyouknowofyourplan.F．Youwon'thavetimetothinkaboutyourfear.G．Youstartwi