2022年山东省滨州市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)

2022年山东省滨州市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.AreWeTurningintoaNationofLoners?

Marriageisdown,andsoischildbirth.Butdivorceisup,alongwithsingle-personliving.ThisisBritaintoday.

AperiodofunprecedentedchangeinBritishfamilylife,whereadultsleadmoreisolatedlives,bringingupchildrenontheirownornothavingthematall,isdescribedinareporttoday.TheindependentFamilyPolicyStudiesCentrepaintsapictureofanevolvingsocietywithfewerchildren,fewermarriages,moredivorcesandmoresololiving,where"marriageandpartnershipsaremuchmorefragilethantheywere".

Althoughthegovernmenthasgonefurtherthananyotherindevelopingexplicitpoliciesforparentingandmarriage,ministersshouldbecome"moreintunewithcontemporaryfamilylife",itsays.Theyneedtoconsidertheeffectofthesechanges,thereportsays,notjustonchildrenaffectedbythebreakdownofadultrelationships,butonsocietyasawholeand"rightacrossthelifecycle".

Thereportsaysitisstilltooearlytotalkofthedeathofthe"traditionalfamily",becausefour-fifthsofdependentchildrenstillliveinafamilywithtwoparents,andnineintenofthoseparentsaremarried.Butotherstatisticsincludedinthereportdemonstratesignificantchangesinfamilydemographics(人口统计)withprofound,oftenunexplored,consequences.

Morethan6.5millionpeopleinBritain—about28%ofhouseholds—nowliveontheirown,threetimesasmanyas40yearsago,thereportsays.Nearlyaquarterofwomenbornin1973willstillbechildlessattheageof45,comparedwithaboutoneintenofthosebornin1943.Womenarehavingchildrenlater,onaverageat29ratherthanat26,asinthe1970s,andtheyarehavingfeweroffspring.Theaverageof1.73childrenperwomaninthelate1990s,thoughhigherthaninmostEUcountries,iswellbelowthe2.1neededtoretainthepopulationatitspresentlevelinthelongterm.

Loneparentstrebled

The21%ofdependentchildrenlivinginloneparenthouseholds(thevastmajoritywiththeirmother)hastrebled(三倍)fromthe7%in1972.Thenumberofloneparentshastrebledinthepast25years—therewereabout1.6millionsuchparentsand2.8milliondependentchildrenbythemid1990s,comparedwithjustover500000loneparentsand1milliondependentchildrenin1971.Withinthat1.6million,thefastestgrowinggroupissingle,never-marriedlonemothers.Theirproportion,42%in1997,isnearlydoubletheproportionof24%for1984.

"Twentyyearsagosuchwomenwouldhavemarriedonlytoseetheirrelationshipendinseparationordivorce,"thereportsays."Singlelonemothersshouldbeseenasthemodernequivalentofteenagersinearliergenerationswhoseshotgunmarriages(为怀孕所迫的结婚)failed."

Theannualmarriagerateisatitslowestlevelsincerecordsbegan160yearsago.In1961approximately330000first-timemarriagesand50000remarriagestookplace.By1997thesefigureshaddroppedtofewerthan200000first-timemarriagesandapproximately120000remarriages.Ofeveryfivemarriages,twowillendindivorce.Morethan150000childrenunder16experiencethedivorceoftheirparents,andifpresentratescontinue,28%ofchildrenunder16willexperiencedivorce.Thecostoffamilybreakdowntothepublicpursehasbeenestimatedatabout5billionayear.

Butmarriageisstillmorestablethancohabiting,withcoupleswholivetogetherunmarriedthreeorfourtimesmorelikelytosplitup.Futureresearchwillshowariseintheproportionofcohabitingcouples,fromtheoneinteninthemostrecentlyavailablefigures.Andthepresenceofchildreninacohabitingrelationshipdoesnotappeartoreducethebreakdownratesignificantly.AlthoughtheCentreitselfdevotessomespaceinitsreporttochildren,itsaysministersshouldbroadentheirscopeto

A.YB.NC.NG

2.Whatdowelearnabouttheuntreatedindustrialchemicalwastesfromthepassage?

A.Theycanconservethenormalbiologicalactionofrivers.

B.Theyallreactwithwatertoincreasetheacidityofrivers.

C.Theymakethewatercorrosiveenoughtodestroylivingorganisms.

D.Therearenorulesforconcentrationsofunquestionablytoxicchemicalsofdrinkingwater.

3.LAEV'slocationneardowntownoffersitbothconvenienttransportationand______.

4.Themassiveinvestmentputintotheconstructinghugedraggersresultedin______.

A.moreeconomicdisasterareasinNewfoundland

B.therecoveryofthemarineecosystem

C.theimprovementoffishingpractices

D.thedevastatingfishing

5.

Childrenshouldlearnmoreresponsibilityfortheirhealththroughclassesin______.

6.Toavoidpotentialinjurieswhendoinggym-basedactivities,youneedtomakesurethatyougeta______instructor.

7.Floods

WaterisoneofthemostusefulthingsonEarth.Wedrinkit,batheinit,cleanwithitanduseittocookfood.Mostofthetime,itiscompletelybeneficialtothehumans.Butinlargeenoughquantities,theverysamestuffweusetowashatoothbrushcanoverturncars,destroyhousesandevenkill.Floodinghasclaimedmillionsoflivesinthelasthundredyearsalone,morethananyotherweatherphenomenon.

Howwaterexistsonourplanet

ThetotalamountofwateronEarthhasremainedfairlyconstantformillionsofyears(thoughitsdistributionhasvariedconsiderablyinthattime).Everyday,averysmallamountofwaterislosthighintheatmosphere,whereintenseultravioletrayscanbreakawatermoleculeapart,butnewwaterisalsoemittedfromtheinnerpartoftheEarth,byvolcanicactivity.Theamountofwaterthatiscreatedandtheamountthatislostareprettymuchequal.

Atanyonetime,thisvolumeofwaterisinmany,differentforms.Itcanbeliquid,asinoceans,riversandrain;solid,asintheglaciersoftheNorthandSouthPoles;orgaseous,asintheinvisiblewatervaporintheair.Waterchangesfromstatetostateasitismovedaroundtheplanetbywindcurrents.

Windcurrents

Windcurrentsaregeneratedbytheheatingactivityofthesun.ThesunshinesmoreontheareaaroundEarth'sequatorthanitdoesonareasfarthernorthandsouth,causingaheatdiscrepancyoverthesurfaceoftheglobe.Inwarmerregions,hotairrisesupintotheatmosphere,pullingcoolerairintotheunoccupiedspace.Incoolerregions,coldairsinks,pushing/drivingwarmerairintotheunoccupiedspace.TherotationoftheEarthbreaksthiscycleup,sothereareseveral,smallerair-currentcyclesallalongtheglobe.

Overall,windcurrentsintheatmospherearefairlyconsistent.Atanyparticulartimeofyear,currentstendtomoveinacertainwayacrosstheglobe.Consequently,specificlocationsgenerallyexperiencethesamesortofweatherconditionsyeartoyear.Butonaday-to-daybasis,theweatherisnotsopredictable.Windcurrentsandprecipitation(降水)areaffectedbymanyfactors,chieflygeographyandneighboringweatherconditions.Ahugenumberoffactorscombineinaninfinitevarietyofways,producingallsortsofweather.Occasionally,thesefactorsinteractinsuchawaythatanatypicalvolumeofliquidwatercollectsinonearea.Forexample,conditionsoccasionallycausetheformationofahurricane,whichdumpsalargequantityofrainwhereveritgoes.Ifahurricanelingersoveraregion,ormultiplehurricaneshappentomovethroughthearea,thelandreceivesmuchmoreprecipitationthannormal.

Waterways

Sincewaterwaysareformedslowlyovertime,theirsizeisproportionatetotheamountofwaterthatnormallyaccumulatesinthatarea.Whenthereissuddenlyamuchgreatervolumeofwater,thenormalwaterwaysoverflow,andthewaterspreadsoutoverthesurroundingland,Atitsmostbasiclevel,thisiswhatafloodis—anabnormalaccumulationofwaterinanareaofland.

Sourcesoffloods

Ashasbeenmentionedabove,floodsoccurwhenanatypicalvolumeofwatercollectsinanarea.Thereareanumberofwaysthismighthappen,andthereareawiderangeofeventsthatoccurwhenitdoes.

-Rainstorms

Thesortoffloodingthatmostpeoplearefamiliarwithoccurswhenanunusuallylargenumberofrainstormshitanareainafairlyshortperiodoftime.Inthiscase,theriversandstreamsthatdivertthewatertotheoceanaresimplyoverwhelmed.Thevaryingtemperaturesofdifferentseasonsleadtodifferentweatherpatterns.Inthewinter,forexample,theairovertheoceanmightbewarmerthantheairovertheland,causingthewindflowtomovefromthelandouttosea.Butinthesummer,theairoverthelandheats

A.YB.NC.NG

8.WhathashappenedtotheBBCwiththechangesintechnologyandmediahabits?

A.TheBBCisnolongerthedominantsourceofin-depthnews.

B.TheBBCislosingitsaudience.

C.TheBBCprogrammingisrapidlydeterioratinginitsquality.

D.TheBBCisreplacedbythemulti-channelservices.

9.

ThereservoirsthatwerebuiltbyChinahavethebiggestreservecapacityintheworld.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

Yourcaloricintakeforbuildingmassisdeterminedby______.

A.multiplyingyourbodyweightby24

B.multiplyingyourbodyweightby17

C.yourmetabolicrate,physicalactivitylevelandthermiceffectoffood

D.yoursleeppatterns,age,gender,bodymassandbodysize

11.

Whichofthefollowingisthetypicalbehavior.ofthegrind?

A.Theyhaveallcolorofsocksinthesockdrawer.

B.Theyneverfailtodoacertainamountofstudyeveryevening.

C.Theywritedowneverythingtheteachersaysintheclass.

D.Theydon'teventakeabreakontheweekends.

12.

Hayfoundthatparentsoftwinstendtofavorthefirst-bornbaby,givingthattwinmoretimeandattention.Evenwhentheystartschool,thefirst-borntwindoesbetterthanthesecond-born.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

Thefirstcarthatcouldusenaturalgasaspowerinthecombustionengineemergedinthehistorycameoutin______.

A.the19thcentury

B.the1930s

C.thelate1960s

D.theearly1970s

14.

Manycitiesoffer______.that.cansaveyoumoneyandensureyoursafety.

15.

There'slittleagreementonwhatintermarriagewillmeanforU.S.societyinthefutureasthereisalackofofficialnumbers,aheightenedtensionsurroundingracialissues,andthemutualsuspicionthatexistsamongdifferentracialgroups.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.Asthebandwidthincreasedto550MHz,thenumberofTVchannelsincreasedby______comparedwiththeearlycablesystems.

A.24B.33C.58D.91

17.PassageOne

Englishisoneofthemostimportantlanguagesoftheworldtodayspokenbymorethan300,000,000people,enditisthesecondwidelyusedmodemlanguage.OnlyChineseisspokenbymorepeople.

LinguistsclassifyEnglishasaGermaniclanguage.Itsclosestlinguistic"relatives"areFrisian,Dutch,Flemish,andLowGerman.MoredistantrelativesincludeSwedish,Danish,Norwegian,Icelandic,andModemHighGerman.Itsmostdistant"relatives"includeothermembersoftheIndo-EuropeanlanguagefamilyofwhichtheGermaniclanguagesareapart.

TheEnglishlanguageaswecurrentlyknowitistheresultofapproximately1500yearsofdevelopment.Interestingly,theoriginsofmodernEnglisharenotinEnglanditself,butinsouthernDenmarkandnorthernGermany,sincethelanguagewhicheventuallydevelopedintomodernEnglishwasbroughtbypeoplecalledtheAngles,Saxons,andJuteswhentheyinvadedtheBritishIslesinthefifthCentury.TheCelticlanguagespokenbytheearliestinhabitantsofEnglandweredisplacedandtheCeltic-speakingpeopleweredrivenbytheinvadersintowhatwenowknowasWales,Scotland,endIreland.Celticlanguagesarestillspokeninpartsofthesecountries.

LinguistsdividethedevelopmentofEnglishhim3periods;OldEnglish,MiddleEnglish,andModemEnglish.TheModemEnglishperiodisthenfurtherdividedintoEarlyModemEnglishendLateModemEnglish.TheOldEnglishperiodspannedapproximately500years--fromaround450toaround1100.TheMiddleperiodlastedroughly400years--fromabout1100untilaround1500.TheModemEnglishperiodbeganaround1500,withEarlyModemEnglishlastinguntilapproximately1750endLateModemEnglishfromthentothepresent

ThevocabularyofModernEnglishisprobablymoreextensivethenthatofmayotherlanguagesintheworld.IthasbeenestimatedthatthetotalnumberofModemEnglishwordsisover1,000,000,ifoneincludesslangendrecenttechnicalandscientificterms.

ThegreatnumberofwordsintheModemEnglishlexiconislargelyduetothefactthatEnglishhasbeenalwaysa"word-borrowing"language.IntheOldEnglishperiod,therewereborrowingsfromLatin,Greek,Danish,and,toasmallextent,Celticlanguages.IntheMiddleEnglishperiod,therewerefurtherborrowingsfromDanish,andalso—toalargedegree--fromNormanFrench.IntheModernEnglishperiod,therehavebeenmoreborrowingsfromLatin,Greek,andalargenumberofEuropeanandotherlanguages.Allinall,Englishhas"adopted"wordsfrommorethan50otherlanguages.

PassageTwo

Averyimportantworldproblem,ifnotthemostseriousofallthegreatworldproblemswhichaffectusatthemoment,istheincreasingnumberofpeoplewhoactuallyinhabitthisplanet.Thelimitedamountoflandandlandresourceswillsoonbeunabletosupportthehugepopulationifitcontinuestogrowatthepresentrate.

Inanearlysurveyconductedin1888,abillionandahalfinhabitedtheearth.Now,thepopulationexceedsfivebillionandgrowingfast--bythestaggeringfigureof90millionin1988alone.ThismeansthattheworldmustaccommodateanewpopulationroughlyequaltothatoftheUnitedStatesandCanadaeverythreeyears!Eventhoughtherateofgrowthhasbeguntoslowdown,mostexpertsbelievethepopulationsizewillstillpasseightbillionduringthenext50years.

Ifweexaminetheamountoflandavailableforthisever-increasingpopulation,webegintoseetheproblem.Ifeveryoneontheplanethadanequalshareofland,wewouldeachhaveabout50,000squaremeters.Thisfigureseemstobequiteencouraginguntilweexaminethetypeoflandwewouldhave.Notalllandisusefultohumansasitcannotproducefood.Wecancutoutaboutonefifthofitbecauseitispermanentlycoveredby

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

Patriciathoughtmore______shouldbeexertedonthosewhogettheirmarriagebrokendown.

19.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestion1--7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8--10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

Geniuses

In1905,AlbertEinsteindevelopedthetheoryofspecialrelativity.Healsoprovedthatatomsexistandfiguredoutthatlightbehavesasbothaparticleandawave.Totopitalloff,hedevelopedhisfamousequationE=mcc,whichdescribestherelationshipbetweenmatterandenergy,thesameyear.Hewasonly26yearsold.

Withoutadoubt,Einsteinwasagenius.SowasIsaacNewton-asanyfanof"StarTrek".TheNextGenerationcansayheinventedphysics.Healsoplayedabigroleinthedevelopmentofcalculus,whichsomepeoplehavetroublecomprehendingevenafterextensiveclassroomstudy.Anothergenius,WolfgangAmadeusMozart,startedcomposingmusicwhenhewas5yearsold.Mozartwrotehundredsofpiecesbeforehisdeathin1760atage35.

Accordingtoconventionalwisdom,geniusesaredifferentfromeveryoneelse.Theycanthinkfasterandbetterthanotherpeople,Inaddition,manypeoplethinkthatallthatextrabrainpowerleadstoeccentricorquirkybehavior.Andalthoughgeniusesarefairlyeasytospot,definingexactlywhatmakesonepersonageniusisalittletrickier.Figuringouthowthatpersonbecameageniusisharderstill.

Therearetwobigthingsthatmakeitdifficulttostudygenius:

Thegeniuslabelissubjective.Somepeopleinsistthatanyonewithanintelligencequotient(IQ)higherthanacertainvalueisagenius.OthersfeelthatIQtestsmeasureonlyalimitedpartofaperson'stotalintelligence.Somebelievehightestscoreshavelittletodowithrealgenius.

Geniusisabig-pictureconcept.Mostscientificandmedicalinquiries,ontheotherband,examinedetails.Aconceptassubjectiveasgeniusisn'teasytoquantify,analyzeorstudy.

So,whenexploringhowgeniuseswork,it'sagoodideatostartbydefiningpreciselywhatageniusis.Forthepurposeofthisarticle,ageniusisn'tsimplysomeonewithanexceptionallyhighIQ.Instead,ageniusisanextraordinarilyintelligentpersonwhobreaksnewgroundwithdiscoveries,inventionsorworksofart.Usually,agenius'workchangesthewaypeopleviewtheworldorthefieldinwhichtheworktookplace.Inotherwords,ageniusmustbebothintelligentandabletousethatintelligenceinaproductiveorimpressiveway.

GeniusandtheBrain

Thebrainregulatesthebody'sorgansystems.Whenapersonmovesaround,itsendsimpulsesalongthenervesandtellsthemuscleswhattodo.Thebraincontrolsthesensesofsmell,taste,touch,sightandhearing,andthepersonexperiencesandprocessesemotionsusinghisbrain,Ontopofallthat,thebrainallowspeopletothink,analyzeinformationandsolveproblems.Buthowdoesitmakesomeonesmart?

Scientistshaven'tfiguredoutexactlyhowallthegraymatterinthebrainworks,buttheydohaveanideaofwhichpartletspeoplethink.Thecerebralcortex(大脑皮层),whichistheoutermostpartofthebrain,iswherethoughtandreasoninghappen.Thesearethebrain'shigherfunction--thelowerfunctions,whichrelatetobasicsurvival,takeplacedeeperinthebrain.

Thecerebralcortexisthelargestpartofthebrain,andit'sfullofwrinklesandfoldsthatallowittofitintheskull.Ifanadulthuman'scerebralcortexisremovedandstretchedout,itwouldbeaboutaslargeasafewpagesofanewspaper.It'sdividedintos

A.AlbertEinstein.

B.StarTrek.

C.WolfgangMozart.

D.IsaacNewton.

20.

Amongthecollegestudents"smartenough"tograduate,onlyfewcouldsucceedin______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(25)

A.He'sunwillingtobeimmunized.

B.Hedoesn'tgetenoughrest.

C.Heforgetstotakehismedicine.

D.Hedoesn'tdresswarmlyenough.

22.

【B4】

23.(13)

A.Sheisverybusywithsomething.

B.Shedoesn'tliketobebothered.

C.Sheisnotinterestedintheman.

D.Shewantstohaveabreak.

24.(24)

A.Sixpackets.

B.Threepackets.

C.Ninepackets.

D.Twelvepackets.

25.(29)

A.Hispaintingisamess.

B.Hispaintingdoesnotbelongtoart.

C.Hefeelsterriblewhilepaintinghispicture.

D.George'smotherhasmadethesamecomment.

26.

【B11】

27.(28)

A.Sixorseventhousandyearsago.

B.Laterthancalligraphy.

C.Earlierthancalligraphy.

D.Earlierthanwhatweknow.

28.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Tobesuccessfulinajob【B1】______,youshould【B2】______certainpersonalandprofessionalqualities.Youneedtocreateagoodimageinthelimitedtime【B3】______,usuallyfrom30to45minutes.Youmustmakeapositive【B4】______whichtheinterviewerwillrememberwhileheinterviewsother【B5】______.Thefollowingaresomequalitiesyoushouldespeciallypayattentiontoduringaninterview.Firstofall,youshouldtakecaretoappeartobeproperlydressed.Therightclotheswornattherighttimecanwintherespectofthe【B6】______andhis【B7】______inyourjudgment.Itmaynotbetruethatclothesmaketheman.Butthefirstandoftenlastimpressionofyouis【B8】______bytheclothesyouwear.Secondly,【B9】______.Youshouldreflectconfidencebyspeakinginaclearvoice,【B10】______.Youshouldbepreparedtotalkknowledgeablyabouttherequirementsofthepositionyouareapplyingfor.Finally,tobereallyimpressive【B11】______.Ifyoudisplaythesecharacteristics,withjustalittleluck,you'llcertainlysucceedinthetypicalpersonalinterview.

【B1】

29.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：M:Youdidn'tseemtobeabletositstillforclass.Areyouexpectingsomething?

W:Yes.I'mexpectingacalltoseeifIwasacceptedforthepositionatCole's.Icoulddowiththecash.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(12)

A.Sheiseagertobeacceptedbytheuniversity.

B.SheiswaitingtoseeifshecouldgetthejobfromCole's.

C.SheisexpectingtoseeifColewouldlendhersomecash.

D.Shehasnoideaaboutwhethershecanaffordtheuniversitytuition.

30.(45)

31.听力原文：W:I'dliketoenrollinthefreeseminaryouadvertisedinnewspaper.Theoneonmanagingpersonalfinances.

M:Okay.Nowtheaddidsaythatyouhavetohaveasavingsaccountatourbanktobeeligible.Doyouhaveonehere?

Q:Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?

(18)

A.Ifthewomankeepsmoneyatthebank.

B.Wherethewomanlearnedabouttheseminar.

C.Whichseminarthewomanwantstosignupfor.

D.Ifthewomanhastakenclassesonmanagingpersonalfinances.

32.听力原文：W:It'sSara'sbirthdaytoday.We'replanningonhavingdinneraround6:30andthenseeingamovieat7:30.Andwe'rethrowingherasmallbirthdaypartyafterthemovie.Comeandjoinus.

M:Sure.Bestfriendsalwayssticktogether.

Q:Whatcanwelearnaccordingtotheconversation?

(19)

A.It'stheman'sbirthdaytoday.

B.Theywillhavedinneraround6.

C.Theywillhaveapartyfortheman.

D.Theywillgotomoviesafterdinner.

33.

【B3】

34.

【B2】

35.听力原文：M:ShallwegotoJohn'shousewarmingpartythisweekend?Everyoneisinvited.

W:Well.youknowwhatJohn'spartiesarelike.Howboringanddullnightswithbadfood.DoyouthinkIwillgoagain?

Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?

(17)

A.EveryoneenjoyedhimselfatJohn'sparty.

B.Thewomandidn'tenjoyJohn'spartiesatall.

C.ItwillbethefirsttimeforthemantoattendJohn'sparty.

D.ThewomanisgladtobeinvitedtoJohn'shouse-warmingparty.

36.听力原文：M:CouldyouhelpmetodecidewhatIshouldbuyformyyoungestsister'sbirthday?

W:Rememberyoutookmanypicturesofheratherlastbirthdayparty.Whynotbuyheraphotoalbumsothatshecanputherpicturesinit?

Q:Whatdidthemandolastyearforhisyoungestsister?

(19)

A.Tookmanyphotosofher.

B.Boughtheranalbum.

C.Heldabirthdayparty.

D.Boughtherapicture.

37.听力原文：Inthe18thcenturyFrencheconomistsprotestedtheexcessiveregulationofbusinessbythegovernment.Theirmottowaslaisserfaire.Laisserfairemeansletthepeopledoastheychoose.Intheeconomicsense,thismeantthatwhilethegovernmentshouldberesponsibleforthingslikemaintainingpeaceandprotectingpropertyrights,itshouldnotinterferewithprivatebusiness.Itshouldn'tcreateregulationsthatmighthinderbusinessgrowth,norshoulditberesponsibleforprovidingsubsidiestohelp.Inotherwords,governmentsshouldtakeahands-offapproachtobusiness.

ForawhileintheUnitedStates,laisserfairewasapopulardoctrine.Butthingsquicklychanged.AftertheCivilWar,politiciansrarelyopposedthegovernment'sgeneroussupportofbusinessowners.Theywereonlytoogladtosupportgovernmentlandgrantsandloanstorailroadowners,forexample.TheirregulationskepttariffshighandthathelpedprotectAmericanindustrialistsagainstforeigncompetition.Ironicallyinthelate19thcentury,alotofpeoplebelievedthatthelaisserfairepolicywasresponsibleforthecountry'sindustrialgrowth.Itwasgenerallyassumedthatbecausebusinessownersdidnothavealotofexternalrestrictionsplacedonthembythegovernment,theycouldpursuetheirowninterests,andthiswaswhatmadethemsosuccessful.Butinfact,manyoftheseindividualswouldnothavebeenabletomeettheirobjectivesifnotforgovernmentsupport.

Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

33.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

34.Whofirstusedthemottolaisserfaire?

35.Whatistheprincipalideaofthelaisserfairepolicy?

(30)

A.Competitioninbusiness.

B.Governmentgrants.

C.Atypeofeconomicpolicy.

D.Internationaltransportationpractices.

38.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.7:55.B.7:45.C.8:00.D.8:05.

39.

【B10】

40.听力原文：W:Howbeautifulthepaintingis!Itcostsonly￥200.Idecidedtobuyiteventhoughmyparentsgavememerely￥300forthismonth.

M:It'sonlythethirddayofthismonth.Areyousureyoucanmanagetoliveon￥100fortherestdays?

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

(15)

A.Thewomanshouldaskherparentsformoremoney.

B.Thewomancanlivewith~100fortherestdays.

C.Thewomanshouldbuythepaintingatonce.

D.Thewomanshouldnotbuythepainting.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.Theauthor'stoneinthearticlecanbedescribedas______.

A.depressingB.urgentC.jokingD.mocking

42.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Unlikethescientist,theengineerisnotfreetoselecttheproblemwhichinterestshim；hemustsolvetheproblemsastheyarise,andhissolutionsmustsatisfyconflictingrequirements.Typically,theengineeringsolutiontomostproblemsmusttakeintoa