名词性从句用法归纳

名词性从句：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(NounClauses)。名词性从句的连接词1、从属连词(5个)：(2)whether，if有词义，在从句中不做成分(whether，if均表示“是否”之意，表明从句内容的不确定性)不可以省略(3)asif,asthough(均表示“好像”，“似乎”之意)在从句中不做成分2、连接代词(9个)：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever，有词义，在从句中做成分，不可以省略(whowhatwhom宾语whose做定语)3、连接副词(7个)：when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,(1)定语从句中做宾语(2)that引导宾语从句时(3)that引导表语从句时(1)定语从句中做主语(2)由that引导主语从句放句首时(3)that引导同位语从句时iit做形式宾语，真正的that宾语从句中that不可ii一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第iii与动词相隔的宾语从句，不可以省略1)从属连词that，whether等；2)连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever，whom等；Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.tisknowntoushowhebecameawriterWheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常atItisapitythat遗憾……(2)It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句:Itissaidthat据说edthatsedthat(3)It+不及物动词(vi)+that从句：Itseemsthat似乎Itappearsthat似乎(4)It+be+形容词+that从句ralthatthat注意:在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动Itisnecessaryimportantnatural,strange,etc.)that…Itissuggestedrequestedproposed,desired,etc.)that…①It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词a)Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.b)Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.c)Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.(强调句型)d)ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.(强调句型)5、主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：(1)if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。(2)Itissaid/reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：正确表达：ItissaidthatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweek.错误表达：ThatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweekissaid.(3)Ithappens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：(4)Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例错误表达：Whetherheiswrongornotdoesn’tmatter.(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：what引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表a)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.b)Thatsheisstillaliveisaconsolation表语从句：在复合句中，位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词useItappearsseemsIthappensthat…Itturnsoutthat…(结果是...)等结构d类名词时，表语从句用虚拟语气(should)doThereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.2、可用于同位语从句的名词有belief、advice、demand、doubt(怀疑)、Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.havenoideawhenhewillcomebackhomeThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.语)，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例1)ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear. (他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。)(第一个that引导的从句是定语从mwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim是他讲的。)(同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分)宾语从句：名词从句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。由从属连词、连接代词、连HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.tdesire,urge，advice，propose，require，request,command(命令),doubt的动词后，宾语从句常用Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.whowhomwhich,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，：Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.nderwhetherhewillcomeornotCanyoutellmewhethertogoortostay呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句ymnextyeardEnglishsince当主句动词是过去时态(could,would除外)，从句则要用相应的过去时TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica．believeimaginesupposeguessexpectfancyrso情况下，只可用whether：eg:whetherhecancometothepartyontimedependsonthe2.引导表语从句eg:Thequestioniswhetherwecangetintouchwithhere.g:Itdependsonwhetherhewillcome.whethererwsistrueornot从句Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.式时EgIdon’tknowwhethertogo.注意：(1)大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it充当形式主Itisstillunknownwhichteamwillwinthematch.fIdon’tcareifhedoesn’tcome.主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性hatllaliveisherluckhewasleavingforLondononWednesday表语：Thefactisthathehasnotbeenseenrecently.事实是近来tlydisturbseveryoneinhisoffice.近来谁也没有见过他，这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。Iamgladthatyouaresatisfiedwithyourjob.Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure.It'sapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.你非走不可真是件憾aIt+be+形容词+that-从句Itisnecessarythat…有必要……Itisimportantthat…重要的是……Itisobviousthat…很明显……b.It+be+-ed分词+that-从句Itisbelievedthat…人们相信……Itisknowntoallthat…众所周知……Ithasbeendecidedthat…已决定……cItbe词+that-从句Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常识Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是……Itisafactthat…事实是……dIt词+that-从句Itappearsthat…似乎……Ithappensthat…碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起……whose,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever等连接代词和where,theFoundation.Itisnotyetdecidedwhowilldothatjob.Itremainsunknownwhentheyaregoingtogetmarried.Friday.strustworthy.ofhisillness.2)选择性疑问从句Pleasetellmewhether/iftheyareSwedishorDanish.Idon'tcarewhetheryouliketheplanornot.heritsgoodnewsornotWhetherthisistrueornot,Ireallydon’tknow.(例11Whethertheycanfinishtheworkontimeisstilla否知道答案吗”或“如果你知道答supposeexpectfancyimagine语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动Idon'tthinkIknowyou.我想我并不认识你。Idon'tbelievehewillcome.我相信他不回来。Itdoesn'tseemthattheyknowwheretogo.Itdoesn'tappearthatwe'llhaveasunnydaytomorrow.Idon'trememberhavingeverseensuchaman.It'snotaplacewhereanyone