中考英语阅读理解（附答案及详细解析）

中考英语阅读理解（附答案及详细解

析）

阅读理解：

Thefamousscientistandthinker,CharlesDarwin,wasbornonFebruary

12,1809.HisfamilylivednotfarfromtheRiverSevern,England.

Darwin'sfatherwasawell-knowndoctorandthesonofanstillgreater

doctorandscientist.Darwin'sfatherhopedthathissonwouldalso

becomeadoctor.

Asaboy,Darwinlikedtogoforwalksinthefieldsandforests.He

watchednature,andcomparedwhathesawwitheverythinghehadread

insciencebooks.Healsolikedcollectingverymuch.Hecollectedmany

things,birds,eggs,stonesandleaves.Hisfatherdidnotlikethat,a

Darwinnotstudyingverywellatschool.

Attheageofsixteen,DarwinwassenttoEdinburghUniversitytostudy

inorderthathecouldbecomeadoctor.Buthewasinterestedinthe

historyofnature.

ThenhewassenttostudyinCambridgeUniversity.Therehestudied

until1831.

SometimelaterheheardthattheshipBeaglewasgoingonatripto

SouthAmericaandneededacentrist.Hisprofessoradvisedhimtogo.

HesaidthetripwouldbejustforDarwin,SowhentheshipleftEngland

inDecember1831.Darwinwasonit.Heresearchlastedalmostfiveyears.

TheBeaglestudiedthewatersintheseanearSouthAmerica.Italso

visitedNewZealand,AustraliaandislandsinthePacific.Darwinsaw

manynewplantsandanimals.Hecollectedallkindsofplants.

In1842DarwinwenttoliveinKent,wherehecontinuedhisstudiesof

changesinnature.Darwinunderstoodthatplantsandanimalsarenot

alwaysthesame,andthattheyreallychange.

By1859Darwinhadfinishedhisfamousbook"TheoriginofSpedes"

（《物种起源》）.Itmadeagreathitintheworldofscience.Hewas

opposedbythechurchandevenbysomescientists.Butlater,moreand

morescientistsagreedwithhim.

31.WhatdidCharlesDarwin'sfatherdo?

A.Aworker.B.Adoctor.C.AscientistD.Ateacher.

32.CharlesDarwinhadsomanyhobbiesexceptthat.

A.helikedtogoforwalksintheforests.

B.helikedwatchingnature.

C.hepreferredcollectingcoinsandstamps.

D.hewasfondofthehistoryofnature.

33.WhendidDaiwinleaveEnglandforatriptoSouthAmerica?

A.In1831.B.In1832.C.In1842.D.In1859.

34.Theunderlinedword"opposed"means.

A.接受B.开除C.反对D.尊重.

35.WhatcanwelearnfromCharlesDarwin?

A.Don'tcarewhatparentssaytous.

B.Thetripcanbringuswealth.

C.Weshouldaskteacherforhelpwhenmeetingproblems.

D.Keepdoingwhatwelikeandworkhard,we'llsucceed.

【解答】

31.B细节理解题.根据Darwin'sfatherwasawell-knowndoctor,可知

达尔文的父亲是一位著名的医生，故选B.

32.C细节理解题.根据Darwinlikedtogoforwalksinthefieldsand

forests.Hewatchednature,andcomparedwhathesawwith

everythinghehadreadinsciencebooks.Healsolikedcollectingvery

much.Hecollectedmanythings,birds,eggs,stonesandleaves

达尔文喜欢在田野和森林里散步.他观察自然，并把他所看到的一切与他在科学

书籍中读到的一切进行比较.他也非常喜欢收集.他收集了许多东西，鸟、蛋、

石头和树叶，可知他没有喜欢收集硬币和邮票，故选C.

333细节理解题根据SometimelaterheheardthattheshipBeaglewas

goingonatriptoSouthAmericaandneededascientist.Hisprofessor

advisedhimtogo.HesaidthetripwouldbejustforDarwin.Sowhenthe

shipleftEnglandinDecember1831.Darwinwasonit一段时间后，他听

说贝格尔号要去南美旅行，需要一位科学家.他的教授建议他去.他说这次旅行

将只是为了达尔文.所以当船在1831年12月离开英国时.达尔文在上面，可

知是在1831年，故选A.

34.C词语理解题.根据Butlater,moreandmorescientistsagreedwith

him但是后来，越来越多的科学家同意他的观点，联系生活知识，可知此处是讲

他遭到了教会甚至一些科学家的反对，故选C.

35.D主旨大意题.根据Darwinsawmanynewplantsandanimals.He

collectedallkindsofplants达尔文看到了许多新的植物和动物.他收集各种

各样的植物和By1859Darwinhadfinishedhisfamousbook"Theoriginof

Species,Itmadeagreathitintheworldofscience.Hewasopposedby

thechurchandevenbysomescientists.But