2022-2023学年浙江省A9协作体高二下学期期中联考英语试题（解析版）

浙江省A9协作体2022-2023学年高二下学期期中联考英语试题第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节：(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHaveyoueverwishedyoucouldspeakaforeignlanguagewithouttakingtheclasses?Haveyoueverhadtroublewhiletravellingabroadbecauseofthelanguagebarrier?MeetMUAMAEnence—aJapanesehigh-techinventionthatallowsyoutocommunicateinmorethan40languages,withoutwastingyourtimeandmoneyforboringlanguageclasses.Whenyoucommunicatewithanotherpersonnomatterwhatlanguageheorshespeaks,thistinybutgeniusdeviceinstantlyrecordsandtranslatesover40languages.Youcanuseitwhentravelling,forbusinessmeetingsorwheneveryouwishtosaysomethinginadifferentlanguage.HowDoesItWork?Althoughitisarmedwiththelatesttechnology,usingthedeviceissupereasy.Allyouneedtodoistochoosethelanguageinwhichyouwanttocommunicateandrecordyourwordsorsentences.YoucanevenrecordreallylongsentencesandEnencewilltranslateeverythingperfectly!WhyIsMUAMAEnenceSoPopular?Thisgeniusdeviceallowsyoutostartcommunicating(YES,speaking!)withalmosteverypersonintheworld.Thistechnologywasneverbeforeavailabletothepublic.Foralimitedtimeonlythisdeviceisavailableforaheavilyreducedpriceof$89(previously$189).OurConclusion—BuyItWhileIt’sStillAvailableThelowcostandhighqualityEnencetranslatorischangingtheworld.Theproducthasbeensellinglikecrazy,butthestockwon’tlastlongasthesuppliesarelimited.WerecommendorderingMUAMAEnenceTranslatorwhileitisstillavailable.Clickheretocheckavailabilitynow!1.WhatisMUAMAEnence?A.Itisanorganizationaimedatbreakingthelanguagebarrierintheworld.B.Itisadevicewithhigh-techtopromoteeasiercommunicationwithforeigners.C.Itisanappenablingpeopletomastervariousforeignlanguagesinashorttime.D.Itisatechnologyappliedtotravellingabroadandbusinessmeetingsfreeofcharge.2.HowmuchshouldyoupayfortwosetsofMUAMAEnencenow?A.$178. B.$200. C.$278. D.$378.3.Wherecanyoufindthepassage?A.Inanewspaper. B.OntheInternet. C.Inamagazine. D.Inaguidebook.【答案】1.B2.A3.B【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是日本的一项高科技发明MUAMAEnence，它可以翻译40多种语言。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“MeetMUAMAEnence—aJapanesehigh-techinventionthatallowsyoutocommunicateinmorethan40languages,withoutwastingyourtimeandmoneyforboringlanguageclasses.Whenyoucommunicatewithanotherpersonnomatterwhatlanguageheorshespeaks,thistinybutgeniusdeviceinstantlyrecordsandtranslatesover40languages.(看看MUAMAEnence——日本的一项高科技发明，它可以让你用40多种语言交流，而不用浪费时间和金钱去上无聊的语言课。当你与他人交流时，无论他或她说什么语言，这个小巧但天才的设备都会立即记录并翻译40多种语言。)”可知，MUAMAEnence是一种高科技设备，可以让你用40多种语言交流，由此可知，它是可以促使与外国人交流变得更加容易的一种高科技设备。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据WhyIsMUAMAEnenceSoPopular?部分的“Foralimitedtimeonlythisdeviceisavailableforaheavilyreducedpriceof$89(previously$189).(在有限的时间内，这款设备的价格大幅降低至89美元（之前为189美元）。)”可知，现在买两套MUAMAEnence需要花的钱是$89*2=$178，故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Clickheretocheckavailabilitynow!(现在点击这里查看出售情况！)”可知，本文是网上的文章，故选B。B“Youshouldgetacat,”mydoctorsaid.“Acat?”Icouldn’tevenlookaftermyself!Itookadeepbreathandcarefullyconsideredtheideaofwelcomingafeline(猫科的)friendintomylife.Adoptingananimalduringtheheightofthepandemicwasfarfromeasy.WhenmypartnerandIfoundCinnamon,heradoptioninformationmadeheroutastheperfectkitten.Wefilledoutthepaperworkandhadafewweekstoprepareforherarrival.Whenshecamehome,itbecameincreasinglyobviousthatCinnamondidn’tunderstand“no”,“stopit”or“don’tdothat”.ShewastheworstcatI’veeverowned.Iwasbeginningtodoubtmydoctor’sadvice.Wedecidedtostarttakingherforwalks.Icouldhardlyleavethehousebefore,butmyheartcouldn’tsaynotoCinnamon.Cinnamonshowedmewhatbraverylookedlike.Iftherewasadogatapark,shewouldruntowardit.Shejumpedwithoutknowingwhereshewouldland.Shelovedadventure.Ifoundmyselfmirroringherbehaviorafterawhile,jumpingoutofbedwithoutasecondthought.Ibegantofindthemotivationtogetoutofbedinthemorning.Cinnamonunfortunatelypassedawayafteramedicalaccident,leavingacat-sizedholeinmyheartthedaysheleftusatonlysixmonthsold.I’mnostrangertosadnessorgrief,butlosingmypetsosuddenlywasthemostconfusingemotionalexperienceI’veeverhad.Shewassupposedtohelpmethroughmoreofmylifethanthethreeshortmonthswehadher.Shenolongerwakesmeupat5a.m.beggingforbreakfast,butsheisstillthereasonIgetupeverymorning.Ourtimeisoftencutunpredictably,unmistakablyshort.Itwouldbeashametolivelifebeinganythinglessthanbraveandadventurous.4.Howdidtheauthorfeeloriginallywhenadvisedtoadoptacat?A.Thrilled. B.Ashamed. C.Shocked. D.Relieved.5.Whydidtheauthordoubtthedoctor’sadviceinthebeginning?A.Becausetheauthorwastooilltolookafterthecat.B.Becausethepandemicmadeitimpossibletokeepacatathome.C.Becausetheauthor’sfamilydidn’tapproveoftheplan.D.Becauseraisingthecatwaschallengingfortheauthor.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthecatCinnamon?A.Stupidbutadorable. B.Naughtyandadventurous.C.Inactivebutcourageous. D.Fierceandaggressive.7.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Friendshipwithpetsisshort. B.Theshortlifeispredictable.C.Thelossofapetispainful. D.Thecouragetotakerisksisbeneficial.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.D【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者接受医生的建议，养了一只猫，感受到了猫带来的积极影响，并了解到人们应该拥有冒险的勇气。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Icouldn’tevenlookaftermyself!Itookadeepbreathandcarefullyconsideredtheideaofwelcomingafeline(猫科的)friendintomylife.(我甚至不能照顾自己！我深吸了一口气，仔细考虑是否要让一只猫朋友进入我的生活)”可知，作者认为甚至都照顾不好自己，所以听到医生建议自己养猫时感到很震惊，故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whenshecamehome,itbecameincreasinglyobviousthatCinnamondidn’tunderstand‘no’,‘stopit’or‘don’tdothat’.ShewastheworstcatI’veeverowned.Iwasbeginningtodoubtmydoctor’sadvice.(当她回到家时，越来越明显的是，Cinnamon不懂‘不’、‘住手’或‘不要那样做’。她是我养过的最糟糕的猫。我开始怀疑医生的建议了)”可知，Cinnamon不懂指令，作者认为她是作者养过的最糟糕的猫，即养猫对作者来说是个挑战，因此作者开始怀疑医生的建议。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Cinnamonshowedmewhatbraverylookedlike.Iftherewasadogatapark,shewouldruntowardit.Shejumpedwithoutknowingwhereshewouldland.Shelovedadventure.(Cinnamon让我见识了什么是勇敢。如果公园里有只狗，她就会跑过去。她在不知道会落在哪里的情况下也会跳下去。她喜欢冒险)”可推断，Cinnamon很顽皮并且喜欢冒险。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Itwouldbeashametolivelifebeinganythinglessthanbraveandadventurous.(如果生活中没有勇气和冒险精神，那将是一种遗憾)”以及文章内容可推断，本文主要告诉读者冒险的勇气是有益的。故选D。CYoumightseelonelinessassomeone(usuallyanoldperson)sitsalone,staringintothedistanceoroutofawindow.Suchimagesaredeceptive.Researchershaveactuallyfoundthatthosewhoreportexperiencinglonelinessthemostareyoungpeople,andsuchimagesofsolitude(孤独)don’tmatchtheexperienceoflonelinessduringyouth.Thoseyearsaretypicallyspentsurroundedbyotherpeople,atschooloratwork.Lonelinessduringyouthcanbedefinedasanegativefeelingaboutadifferencebetweentherelationshipswehaveandthosewewant.Thismeanswemightfeellonelyinthecompanyofothersifwedon’tfeeltheyunderstandusorsharecommoninterestswithus.Althoughlonelinessisoftenadifficultexperience,itcanhelpustoreconnectandtorethinkourrelationshipssothatwecanbuild(orseekout)theonesthatmeanthemosttous.Therearecertainfeaturesofyouththattendtogiverisetoloneliness.Inyouth,ourfriendshipsareincreasinglyimportantinprovidinguswithemotionalsupport.Researchshowsthatyoungpeoplehavehigherexpectationsoftheirfriendshipsthanadultsdo;theyshowapreferenceforlargerfriendgroups,morecompanionshipandhigherfrequencyofcontactwithfriends.Whenweconsiderthatlonelinessservesthefunctionofkeepingussafewithinoursocialworld,itmakessensethatthefeelinglikewedonot“fitin”,assomanyyoungpeoplefeel,givesrisetoloneliness.Anotherreasonisourdevelopingsenseofself-discoveringwhoweare.Thatoftenmeanschangestovaluesorbeliefs.Itcanbechallengingwhenyourfriendsaregoingthroughthesameprocess,butmightnotfollowthesamepathasyou.Youngpeopleoftenreportfeelinglonelyatschool,whilehomeisacomfortablespace.Butwhentherearedifficultiesathome—suchasargumentsortensionwithfamilymembersandthedepartureofsupportivefamilymembers—thesecanmakethefeelingoflonelinessworse.Ifyoufindyourselffeelinglonelyanditseemslikenothingishelping,donotgiveuphope.Itislikelythatyouhavenotyetfoundthestrategythatworksforyou.Herearesomepracticalstepsyoucantry,startingwithwhatyoucandoonyourownandmovingontowaystoconnectwithothers.8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“deceptive”inparagraph1?A.irrelevant B.disgraceful C.misleading D.unfortunate9.Whatdoeslonelinessofyoungpeopleusuallyreferto?A.Nothavingapreferencefordealingwithtoughthingsalone.B.Nothavingfriendsorfamilyforcompanywhenintrouble.C.Nothavinginterestinothers’schoollifewithinthesocialworld.D.Nothavingpositiveattitudetothepresentrelationshipswithothers.10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasthereasonofyoungpeople’sloneliness?A.Discoveryofself-identity. B.Desireformorefriends.C.Difficultiesathome. D.Unfamiliarenvironments.11.Whatwillthetextprobablytalkaboutnext?A.Suggestionsonhowtobeatloneliness.B.Morereasonsthatcausethefeelingofloneliness.C.Strategiestodealwiththeargumentsortensioninfamily.D.Waystofacethedepartureofsupportivefamilymembers.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是什么是青年时期的孤独及导致它的原因。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Researchershaveactuallyfoundthatthosewhoreportexperiencinglonelinessthemostareyoungpeople,andsuchimagesofsolitude(孤独)don’tmatchtheexperienceoflonelinessduringyouth.Thoseyearsaretypicallyspentsurroundedbyotherpeople,atschooloratwork.(研究人员实际上发现，那些报告孤独感最多的人是年轻人，而这种孤独的形象与青年时期的孤独感并不相符。那些年通常是在学校或工作中被其他人包围的)”可知，第一段开头所描绘的“Youmightseelonelinessassomeone(usuallyanoldperson)sitsalone,staringintothedistanceoroutofawindow.(当一个人（通常是老人）独自坐着，凝视远方或窗外时，你可能会看到孤独)”的画面是假的，是有欺骗性的，因此deceptive的意思是“有欺骗性的，具有误导性的”，和misleading意思相近，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Lonelinessduringyouthcanbedefinedasanegativefeelingaboutadifferencebetweentherelationshipswehaveandthosewewant.Thismeanswemightfeellonelyinthecompanyofothersifwedon’tfeeltheyunderstandusorsharecommoninterestswithus.(青年时期的孤独可以被定义为一种对我们现有的关系和我们想要的关系之间的差异的消极感觉。这意味着如果我们觉得别人不理解我们或与我们有共同的兴趣，我们可能会感到孤独)”可知，年轻人的孤独通常指的是对目前与他人的关系没有积极的态度。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Researchshowsthatyoungpeoplehavehigherexpectationsoftheirfriendshipsthanadultsdo;theyshowapreferenceforlargerfriendgroups,morecompanionshipandhigherfrequencyofcontactwithfriends.Whenweconsiderthatlonelinessservesthefunctionofkeepingussafewithinoursocialworld,itmakessensethatthefeelinglikewedonot“fitin”,assomanyyoungpeoplefeel,givesrisetoloneliness.(研究表明，年轻人对友谊的期望高于成年人；他们倾向于更大的朋友群体，更多的陪伴和更高频率的与朋友联系。虽然我们认为孤独在我们的社会世界中起着保证我们安全的作用，但不“融入”的感觉导致孤独是有道理，正如许多年轻人所感受到的那样)”，“Anotherreasonisourdevelopingsenseofself-discoveringwhoweare.(另一个原因是我们不断发展的自我发现意识)”和“Butwhentherearedifficultiesathome—suchasargumentsortensionwithfamilymembersandthedepartureofsupportivefamilymembers—thesecanmakethefeelingoflonelinessworse.(但是，当家里出现困难时——比如与家庭成员的争吵或紧张关系，以及支持你的家庭成员的离开——这些都会使孤独感恶化)”可知，年轻人孤独的原因包括自我认同的发现，渴望更多的朋友和家里的困难。D选项“不熟悉的环境”文章没有提到，故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Herearesomepracticalstepsyoucantry,startingwithwhatyoucandoonyourownandmovingontowaystoconnectwithothers.(这里有一些你可以尝试的实际步骤，从你自己能做的开始，然后再到与他人联系的方法)”推知，接下来可能会讲战胜孤独的建议，故选A。DAboutone-thirdofadultsgloballyhavehighbloodpressure,whichincreasestheriskofhavingaheartattackorstroke(中风).Physicalactivityisknowntolowerbloodpressure.However,manypeoplehavetroublekeepingtoexerciseplans.Yogatendstobemoresustainable(可持续的)thanotherformsofexercisebecauseitisgentle,canbedonewithothersandhelpstorelaxthemind.Severalexperimentshavefoundthatyogalowersbloodpressure.However,theseexperimentshavetypicallyinvolvedseveralsessionsaweek,whichmaynotbeachievableformanypeople.Tofindoutifyogahelpstoreducebloodpressureintherealworld,someresearchersconductedanewstudyandanalyzedtheelectronichealthrecordsof1,355peopleaged18to79whopracticedyogaatleastonceaweek.Theycomparedeachofthesepeoplewithatleastthreeotherindividuals.Theyhadsimilarcharacteristicsintermsofthingslikeage,gender,andbodymassindex(BMI),buthadnomentionofpracticingyogaintheirrecords.Onaverage,thepeoplewhopracticedyogahadsystolicbloodpressure(收缩压)thatwas2.8mmHgloweranddiastolicbloodpressure(舒张压)thatwas1.5mmHglowerthanthosewhodidn’t.Thisbloodpressurereductionprobablywouldn’tmakeahugedifferencetomostpeopleinthestudy,sincetheytendedtobeyoungandhealthy.Theyalreadyhadnormalbloodpressure.Butatapopulationlevel,ifaveragebloodpressuredeclinedbythismuch,itwouldpreventasignificantnumberofheartattacksandstrokes.Forexample,a2018studyfoundthatapopulation-wideaveragesystolicbloodpressurereductionof2mmHgamongmiddle-agedadultsintheUSwouldpreventmorethan12,000heartattacksand7,000strokeseachyear.Basedonthenewstudy,wecan’tsayforsurethatyogalowersbloodpressure,becausetheremaybeotherexplanationsforthefindings.Peoplewhodoyogamayhavelowerbloodpressurebecausetheytendtohavebetterdiets,notbecauseoftheyogaitself.Andyogashouldn’tbeseenasthereplacementforbloodpressureloweringmedicines.Nevertheless,yogaislikelytoassistinloweringbloodpressureifitencouragessedentary(久坐的)peopletoexercise.“Thegreatestbenefitisgettingtheexercise-shytodosomethingratherthanincreasingexerciseinsomeonewhodoesitregularly,”anexpertsays.12.Whichadvantagedoesyogahaveoverotherkindsofexercise?A.Itiseasierforbeginnerstolearn. B.Itismoreeffectiveinkeepingfit.C.Peoplearemorelikelytosticktoit. D.Peoplecanfindpartnersmoreeasily.13.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthenewstudy?A.Thestudytooktherelevantfactorsinrealityintoconsideration.B.Alltheseparticipantswereofthesameageandgender.C.Thestudyanalyzeddifferentkindsofexercise.D.Theresearchersstudiedtheparticipants’dailyroutine.14.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytheexampleinparagraph4?A.Theresultsarefarfromsatisfactory.B.Loweringbloodpressureisquiteeasy.C.Bloodpressurereductionisbeneficial.D.Doingyogaonceaweekismeaningful.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Otherreasonshavebeenfoundtoexplainthebloodpressurereductionforcertain.B.Encouraginginactivepeopletodoyogapossiblycontributestoloweringbloodpressure.C.Havingbetterdietsismoreimportantthanpracticingyogaregularlyforsedentarypeople.D.Thebenefitsofpracticingyogaareequaltotakingbloodpressureloweringmedicines.【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明练习瑜伽可能有助于降低血压，从而有可能减少心脏病和中风的危险。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Yogatendstobemoresustainable(可持续的)thanotherformsofexercisebecauseitisgentle,canbedonewithothersandhelpstorelaxthemind.Severalexperimentshavefoundthatyogalowersbloodpressure.(瑜伽往往比其他形式的运动更可持续，因为它是温和的，可以和别人一起做，有助于放松思想。一些实验发现，瑜伽可以降低血压)”可知，瑜伽比其它形式的锻炼更容易坚持因为它是温和的，可以和别人一起做，有助于放松思想。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段内容“Tofindoutifyogahelpstoreducebloodpressureintherealworld,someresearchersconductedanewstudyandanalysedtheelectronichealthrecordsof1,355peopleaged18to79whopractisedyogaatleastonceaweek.Theycomparedeachofthesepeoplewithatleastthreeotherindividuals.Theyhadsimilarcharacteristicsintermsofthingslikeage,gender,andbodymassindex(BMI),buthadnomentionofpractisingyogaintheirrecords.Onaverage,thepeoplewhopractisedyogahadsystolicbloodpressure(收缩压)thatwas2.8mmHgloweranddiastolicbloodpressure(舒张压)thatwas1.5mmHglowerthanthosewhodidn’t.(为了找出瑜伽在现实世界中是否有助于降低血压，一些研究人员进行了一项新的研究，分析了1355名年龄在18岁至79岁之间、每周至少练习一次瑜伽的人的电子健康记录。他们将这些人中的每一个人与至少另外三个人进行了比较。他们在年龄、性别和身体质量指数(BMI)等方面具有相似的特征，但在他们的记录中没有提到练习瑜伽。平均而言，练习瑜伽的人的收缩压比不练习瑜伽的人低2.8毫米汞柱，舒张压比不练习瑜伽的人低1.5毫米汞柱)”可知，这项研究分析了不同年龄，性别和身体指数的人。由此推知，研究考虑了现实中的相关因素。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。倒数第二段的“Thisbloodpressurereductionprobablywouldn’tmakeahugedifferencetomostpeopleinthestudy,sincetheytendedtobeyoungandhealthy.Theyalreadyhadnormalbloodpressure.Butatapopulationlevel,ifaveragebloodpressuredeclinedbythismuch,itwouldpreventasignificantnumberofheartattacksandstrokes.(这种血压降低对研究中的大多数人来说可能不会有太大的影响，因为他们往往是年轻健康的。他们的血压已经正常了。但在人口水平上，如果平均血压下降这么多，就能预防大量心脏病发作和中风)”讲述了血压下降相对于个体可能没有太大影响，但是在人口水平上，却能够预防大量心脏病和中风，接下来讲述了例子“Forexample,a2018studyfoundthatapopulation-wideaveragesystolicbloodpressurereductionof2mmHgamongmiddle-agedadultsintheUSwouldpreventmorethan12,000heartattacksand7,000strokeseachyear.(例如，2018年的一项研究发现，在美国中年人中，平均收缩压降低2毫米汞柱，每年可以预防12,000多次心脏病发作和7,000多次中风)”，由此推知，这个例子是用来说明血压降低的益处的。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Nevertheless,yogaislikelytoassistinloweringbloodpressureifitencouragessedentary(久坐的)peopletoexercise.(然而，如果瑜伽鼓励久坐不动的人运动，它可能有助于降低血压)”可知，鼓励不爱运动的人做瑜伽可能有助于降低血压。故选B。第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theideathatredmeansstopandgreenmeansgoaffectsmorethanjusttrafficlightcolors.Wehavebeentaughtfromayoungagethatredmeansdanger,whilegreenmeanssafety.___16___Forsomethingwehavetolookateveryday,whycouldn’ttheyhavebeenprettiercolors?You’reabouttofindout.Beforethereweretrafficlightsforcars,thereweretrafficsignalsfortrains.Atfirst,railroadcompaniesusedredtomeanstop,whitetomeangoandgreentomeancaution.Buttrainconductorsranintoaproblemwiththecolorwhitemeaninggo—brightwhitecouldeasilybemistakenforstarsatnight.___17___Ithasbeenthatwayeversince.___18___Thatmeansthatasittravelsthroughtheair,itgetsdiffused(分散)lessthanothercolors,soitcanbeseenfromagreaterdistance.Forexample,thinkabouthowthelightturnsredasthesunsets.Eventhoughthehumaneyeismostsensitivetoayellowish-greenhighlightercolor,itcanseeredfromfurtheraway.Butthiscouldhappenbychance.It’snotclearwhetherthatwaschosenbasedonwavelength,contrastagainstgreennatureornaturalconnectionofredwiththingslikeblood.___19___Yellowhasashorterwavelengththanredbutalongerwavelengththangreen.Thismeansthatredisnoticeablethefurthestaway,yellowinthemiddleandgreentheleastdistanceaway—ahelpfuladvancedwarningforneedingtosloworstop.However,believeitornot,yellowwasonceusedtomeanstop.Backinthe1900s,somestopsignswereyellowbecauseitwastoohardtoseearedsigninapoorlylitarea.___20___Sinceyellowcanbeseenwellatalltimesoftheday,schoolareas,sometrafficsignsandschoolbusescontinuetobepaintedthecolor.Keepthesesafedrivingtipsinthebackofyourmindwheneveryouseeayellowlight.A.Railwaycompanieseventuallymovedtothecolorgreenforgo.B.Itcouldbeamixofallthree!C.Butwhywerethoseparticularcolorschosenfortrafficlights?D.Employthesedrivingrulesandknowthattrafficlightshavecertainlycomealongway.E.Redisthecolorwiththelongestwavelength.F.Whenyou’reimpatientlywaitingatatrafficlight,don’tgetmad.G.Eventually,highlyreflectivematerialsweredeveloped,andredstopsignswereborn.【答案】16.C17.A18.E19.B20.G【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是为什么要用红色表示停止，绿色表示通行。【16题详解】空前说“Wehavebeentaughtfromayoungagethatredmeansdanger,whilegreenmeanssafety.(我们从小就被教导红色代表危险，绿色代表安全。)”，空后说“Forsomethingwehavetolookateveryday,whycouldn’ttheyhavebeenprettiercolors?You’reabouttofindout.(对于我们每天都要看的东西来说，为什么它们不能有更漂亮的颜色呢？你马上就知道了。)”，因此空格处应该提出疑问，为什么非要用这红色代表危险，绿色代表安全，C选项“Butwhywerethoseparticularcolorschosenfortrafficlights?(但是为什么选择这些特定的颜色作为交通灯呢？)”引出下文的解释，因此C选项承上启下，符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】空前说“Buttrainconductorsranintoaproblemwiththecolorwhitemeaninggo—brightwhitecouldeasilybemistakenforstarsatnight.(但是火车售票员遇到了一个问题，白色的意思是“走”——明亮的白色很容易被误认为是夜晚的星星。)”，空后说“Ithasbeenthatwayeversince.(从那以后就一直是这样。)”，根据常识可知，现在是用绿色表示通行，因此空格处应该说铁路公司改为用绿色代表通行，A选项“Railwaycompanieseventuallymovedtothecolorgreenforgo.(铁路公司最终改用绿色代表通行。)”符合语境，故选A。【18题详解】空后说“Thatmeansthatasittravelsthroughtheair,itgetsdiffused(分散)lessthanothercolors,soitcanbeseenfromagreaterdistance.Forexample,thinkabouthowthelightturnsredasthesunsets.Eventhoughthehumaneyeismostsensitivetoayellowish-greenhighlightercolor,itcanseeredfromfurtheraway.(这意味着当它在空气中传播时，它比其他颜色扩散得更少，所以它可以从更远的地方看到。例如，想想太阳下山时光线是如何变红的。尽管人类的眼睛对黄绿色荧光最敏感，但它可以在更远的地方看到红色。)”，说明本段主要介绍的是红色，E选项“Redisthecolorwiththelongestwavelength.(红色是波长最长的颜色。)”描述的是红色，因此符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】空前说“It’snotclearwhetherthatwaschosenbasedonwavelength,contrastagainstgreennatureornaturalconnectionofredwiththingslikeblood.(目前尚不清楚这种选择是基于波长、与绿色的对比还是与血液等物质的自然联系。)”，既然尚不清楚，那就说明可能这几种都有，B选项“Itcouldbeamixofallthree!(它可能是三者的混合！)”说明了空前描述的这几种情况可能都有，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。【20题详解】空前说“However,believeitornot,yellowwasonceusedtomeanstop.Backinthe1900s,somestopsignswereyellowbecauseitwastoohardtoseearedsigninapoorlylitarea.(然而，信不信由你，黄色曾经被用来表示停止。早在20世纪初，一些停车标志是黄色的，因为在光线不足的地区很难看到红色标志。)”，空格处应该解释后来为什么又出现了红色标志，G选项“Eventually,highlyreflectivematerialsweredeveloped,andredstopsignswereborn.(最终，高反射材料被开发出来，红色停车标志诞生了。)”说明了红色停车标志是如何诞生的，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。第二部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。ItneveroccurredtometothinkaboutmyfuturejobtillIenteredhighschool.Intheyearsbeforehighschool,I___21___muchonfootballandmusic.Thatwas___22___Ispentmostofmysparetime.AfterIenteredhighschool,my___23___forcivilengineering(土木工程)inspiredmetomakegreaterefforts.Ifoundmywaytocivilengineering___24___whenIreadanarticleabouttheLosAngelesearthquakein1994.ItsconsequencewassoawfulthatIwastotallyshocked.Duringtheearthquake,manybuildingsfelldown.Thedisasterledtoheavycasualties(伤亡).The___25___sentmeintothinkingabouthowthebuildingprojectscouldbesafer,andhowIcouldgetthemthatway.Fromthenon,I___26___tolearncivilengineering.___27___differentkindsofbuildingsisaformofrecreationforme.Sittingonmybicycleforhourswatchingthehousesaroundmehasmademefeelthe___28___toshapeourbuildingsintosolidones.Toachievemyambition,Imust___29___thatIcangethighgradesinallmysubjects.Inschool,Iamtrulyfondofscienceandgoodatmath.___30___,myhighschoolyearshadbeenchallenged.Mypoorwritingskillsusedto___31___mealot.Fortunately,Ihadastrongwishtoachievemydream.Itwasthedesire,which___32___metokeeppracticing,thathelpedmeovercomemyshortcomings.Overtheyears,IhavelearnedtostickwiththingsthatIfindright___33___.Thischaracterwillstaywithmetillmyefforts___34___.That,combinedwithmylongstandingcuriosityabout___35___ourworld,iswhatwillmakemeagreatcivilengineersomedaysoon.21.A.relied B.concentrated C.lived D.depended22.A.how B.when C.why D.what23.A.talent B.need C.love D.pity24.A.fortunately B.directly C.frequently D.accidentally25.A.ruins B.wastes C.pollutants D.emissions26.A.promised B.managed C.expected D.determined27.A.Designing B.Completing C.Observing D.Understanding28.A.expense B.necessity C.trend D.solution29.A.ensure B.admit C.believe D.declare30.A.Therefore B.However C.Moreover D.Thus31.A.cheat B.frighten C.bother D.hurt32.A.forced B.reminded C.restricted D.urged33.A.easily B.personally C.firmly D.naturally34.A.giveoff B.getoff C.turnoff D.payoff35.A.shaping B.highlighting C.viewing D.saving【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.D27.C28.B29.A30.B31.C32.D33.C34.D35.A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者树立要成为工程师的目标以及他为实现目标所做的事情，告诉我们要坚持自己认为对的事情，并为达成目标而付出努力。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在上高中之前的几年里，我非常专注于足球和音乐。A.relied依靠，依赖；B.concentrated集中，聚精会神；C.lived居住，生存；D.depended依靠。根据下一句中“Ispentmostofmysparetime”可知，作者把大部分业余时间花费在足球和音乐上，故此处指“专注于足球和音乐”，concentrateon集中注意力于，专注于，故选B。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的大部分业余时间都是这样度过的。A.how如何；B.when何时；C.why为什么；D.what什么。空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺成分，结合句意可知，此处指“那就是我度过大部分业余时间的方式”，用连接副词how引导，故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：进入高中后，我对土木工程的热爱激励着我更加努力。A.talent天赋，才能；B.need需要；C.love爱；D.pity同情。根据“inspiredmetomakegreaterefforts”及下文提到作者决心学习土木工程可知，作者对土木工程的热爱激励着作者更加努力，故选C。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我读到一篇关于1994年洛杉矶地震的文章时，我意外地找到了土木工程的方向。A.fortunately幸运地；B.directly直接地；C.frequently频繁地，经常；D.accidentally意外地。根据“whenIreadanarticleabouttheLosAngelesearthquakein1994.”可知，此处指作者意外地找到了土木工程的方向，故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：废墟让我开始思考如何让建筑项目更安全，以及如何让它们更安全。A.ruins废墟；B.wastes垃圾；C.pollutants污染物；D.emissions排放物。上文“Duringtheearthquake,manybuildingsfelldown.(地震期间，许多建筑物倒塌了)”提到很多建筑在地震中倒塌，结合空后“thinkingabouthowthebuildingprojectscouldbesafer”可知，废墟让作者开始思考如何让建筑更安全，故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我决心学习土木工程。A.promised承诺，答应；B.managed设法做到；C.expected期望；D.determined决心。根据本段首句“Ifoundmywaytocivilengineering”及语境可知，本段是描述作者如何找到土木工程的方向，故此处指“从那时起，我决心学习土木工程”，故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：观察不同类型的建筑对我来说是一种娱乐。A.Designing设计；B.Completing完成，使完整；C.Observing观察；D.Understanding理解。根据下文“Sittingonmybicycleforhourswatchingthehouses”可知，作者喜欢观察不同类型的建筑，故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：坐在自行车上几个小时，看着周围的房子，让我觉得有必要把我们的建筑塑造成坚固的建筑。A.expense费用；B.necessity必要，需要；C.trend趋势；D.solution解决方案。根据“toshapeourbuildingsintosolidones”可知，此处指有必要把我们的建筑塑造成坚固的建筑，故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了实现我的抱负，我必须确保各科都能取得高分。A.ensure确保，保证；B.admit承认；C.believe相信；D.declare宣布，声明。根据“Toachievemyambition”及语境可知，为了实现抱负，作者必须确保各科成绩优异，故选A。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的高中生活受到了挑战。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Moreover而且，此外；D.Thus因此。上文提到要实现抱负就得确保成绩优异，与下文“我的高中生活受到了挑战”之间是转折关系，however符合语境，故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我糟糕的