2009年12月英语四级考试真题及答案

Need-basedaidremainsbyfarthelargestshareofallstudentaid,whichincludesstate,federalandinstitutionalgrants.Butmeritaid,offeredprimarilybyschoolsandstates,isgrowingfaster,bothoverallandattheinstitutionallevel.Between1995-96and2003-04,institutionalmeritaidaloneincreased212%,comparedwith47%forneed-basedgrants.Atleast15statesalsooffermeritaid,typicallyinabidtoenrolltopstudentsinthestate’spublicinstitutions.Butinrecentyears,agrowingchorus(异口同声)ofcriticshasbegunpressuringschoolstodropthepractice.RecentdecisionsbyHamiltonandothersmaybe“asignthatpeoplearestartingtorealizethatthere’sthisdestructivecompetitiongoingon,saysBaum,co-authorofarecentCollegeReportthatraisesconcernsabouttheroleofinstitutionalaidnotbasedonneed.DavidLaird,oftheMinnesotaPrivateCollegeCouncil,saysmanyofhisschoolswouldliketoreducetheirmeritaidbutfearthatinngso,theywouldlosetopstudentstotheircompetitors.“Noonecantakeone-sidedaction,saysLairdwhoisexploringwhethertoseekanexemption(豁免federalanti-trustlawssomembercollegescandiscusshowtheycouldjointlyreducemeritaid,“Thisisamerry-go-roundthat’sgoingveryfast,andnoneoftheinstitutionsbelievetheycansustaintherisksoftryingtobreakawaybythemselves.”Acomplicatingfactoristhatmeritaidhas esopopularwith efamilies,whodon’tqualifyforneed-basedaid,thatmanyhavecometodependonit.And,astuitionscontinuetoincrease,thelinebetweenmeritandneedblurs.That’sonereasonAlleghenyCollegedoesn’tntodropmeritaid“Westillbelieveinrewardingsuperiorachievementsandknowthatthesetopstudentstrulyvaluethescholarship,”saysScottFriedhoff,Allegheny’sviceforenrollment.EmoryUniversityinAtlanta,whichboastsa$4.7billionendowment(捐赠),meanwhile,istakinganotherapproach.Thisyear,itannounceditwouldeliminateloansforneedystudentsandcapthemfor families.Atthesametime,itwouldexpandits28-year-oldmeritprogram.“Yeah,we’reyingthemeritgame,”acknowledgesTomLancaster,associatedeanforundergraduateeducation.Butithasitsstrongpoint,too,hesays.“Thefactofthematteris,it’snotjustabouttheepeople.It’stheaverageAmericanmiddle-classfamilywho’sbeingpricedoutofthe*Afewwordsaboutmerit-basedMerit-basedaidisaidofferedtostudentswhoachieveexcellenceinagivenarea,andisgenerallyknownasacademic,athleticandicmeritscholarships.Academicmeritscholarshipsarebasedonstudents’grades,GPAandoverallacademicperformanceduringhighschool.Theyaretypicallymeantforstudentsgoingstraighttocollegerightafterhighschool.However,therearescholarshipsforcurrentcollegestudentswithexceptionalgradesaswell.Thesemeritscholarshipsusuallyhelpstudentspaytuitionbills,andtheycanberenewedeachyearaslongastherecipientscontinuetoqualify.Insomecases,studentsmayneedtobe mendedbytheirschoolorateacheraspartofthequalificationprocess.Athleticmeritscholarshipsaremeantforstudentsthatexcel(突出)insportsofanykind,fromfootballtotrackandfieldevents. mendationforthesescholarshipsisrequired,sinceexceptionalathleticperformancehastoberecognizedbyacoachorareferee(裁判).Applicantsneedtosendinatapecontainingtheirbesticmeritscholarshipsrequirethatapplicantsexcelinagivenicarea.Thisgenerallyincludesanycreativefieldsuchasart,design,fashion,music,danceorwriting.Applyingfor icmeritscholarshipsusuallyrequiresthatstudentssubmitaportfolio(选辑)ofsomesort,whetherthatincludesacollectionofartwork,arecordingofamusicalperformanceoraofthemdancing.Withmoreand estudentspursuinghighereducation,anumberofcollegesare offeringstudentsmoremerit-basedaidB)revisingtheirfinancialaidC)increasingtheamountoffinancialaidD)changingtheiradmissionWhatdidAlleghenyCollegeinMeadvilledothreeyearsIttriedtoimplementanovelfinancialaidItadded$2.5milliontoitsneed-basedaidItphasedoutitsmerit-basedscholarshipsItcutsitsmerit-basedaidtohelptheneedyThechiefpurposeofrankings-consciouscollegesinofferingmeritaidisto improveteachingqualityB)boosttheirC)attractgoodstudentsD)increasetheirMonicaInzer,deanofadmissionandfinancialaidatHamilton,believes itdoesn’tpaytospend$1millionayeartoraiseitsitgivesstudentsmotivationtoawardacademicit’sillogicaltousesomuchmoneyononly4%ofitsit’snotrighttogiveaidtothosewhocanaffordtheInrecentyears,merit-basedaidhasincreasedmuchfasterthanneed-basedaiddueto moreernmentfundingtocollegesB)fiercecompetitionamongC)theincreasingnumberoftopstudentsD)schools’improvedfinancialWhatistheattitudeofmanyprivatecollegestowardmeritaid,accordingtoDavidTheywouldliketoseeitTheyregarditasanecessaryTheythinkitdoesmoreharmthanTheyconsideritunfairtomiddle-classWhydoesn’tAlleghenyCollegentodropmeritaidRaisingtuitionshavemadecollegeunaffordableformiddle-classWith es,fewerstudentsareapplyingforneed-basedManystudents efamilieshavecometorelyon eshavedisqualifiedmanystudentsforneed-basedAnnualrenewalofacademicmeritscholarshipsdependsonwhethertherecipientsremain Applicantsforathleticmeritscholarshipsneed mendationfromacoachorarefereewho theirexceptionalathleticApplicantsforicmeritscholarshipsmustproduceevidencetoshowtheir inaparticularicfieldPartⅢListeningComprehension(35SectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichthebestansweris.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions11to18arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)Getsomesmallchange.B)FindashopC)Cashacheckatabank.D)FindaparkingA)Shopwithhisson.B)BuyingagiftforaC)Promotinganewproduct.D)BargainingwithaA)Takingphotographs.B)EnhancingC)Mendingcameras.D)PaintingA)HemovedtoBaltimorewhenhewasHecanprovidelittleusefulHewillshowthewomanaroundHewillasksomeoneelsetohelptheA)Heisratherdisappointed.B)HeishighlyC)Hecan’tfaceuptothesituationD)HeknowshisownA)Shemusthavepaida B)SheisknowntohaveaterrificHergymexercisehasyieldedgoodHerefforttokeepfitisreallyA)FemalestudentsareunfitforstudyingHecanserveasthewoman’sPhysicsisanimportantcourseatTheprofessor’ssuggestionisA)Indifferent.B)Doubtful.C)Pleased.D)Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)Heprefersthesmallereveningclasses.B)HehassignedupforadayC)Hehastoworkduringtheday.D)HefindstheeveningcourseA)Learnacomputerlanguage.B)LearndataC)Buysomecomputersoftware.D)BuyafewA)Thursdayevening,from7:00to9:45.B)FromSeptember1toNewYear’sC)EveryMonday,lastingfor12weeks.D)Threehoursaweek,45hoursinA)Whattobringforregistration.B)WheretoattendtheC)HowhecangettoFrostHall.D)Whetherhecanuseacheck.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Atrainingcoach.B)AtradingC)Aprofessionalmanager.D)AfinancialA)Hecansaveonlivingexpenses.B)HeconsiderscookingC)Hecanenjoyhealthierfood.D)Hethinkstake-awayistasA)Itissomething B)ItisfrustratingC)Ittakespatienceto D)ItcanbeagoodSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)Therewerenonetswithoutmoons.B)TherewasnoairorwateronC)Lifewasnotpossibleinouterspace.D)ThemysteryoflifecouldnotbeA)Ithasanumberofactivevolcanoes.B)IthasanatmosphereliketheC)Ithasalargeoceanunderitssurface.D)IthasdeepcavesseveralA)Lightisnotanessentialelementtoit.B)LifecanforminveryhotC)Everyformoflifeundergoesevolution.D)OxygenisnotneededforsomelifePassageQuestions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)WhethertheyshouldtakethechildWhoshouldtakecareofthechildatWhenthechildwouldcompleyA)SheencouragesthemtoaskquestionswheninShemakesthemwritedownallherShehasthemactoutwhattheyaretodoatSheasksthemtorepeatwhattheyaresupposedtoA)Itlacksthestabilityoftheprintedword.B)ItcontainsmanygrticalC)Itisheavilydependentonthecontext.D)ItfacilitatesQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)Jobsecurity.B)GoodlabourC)Challengingwork.D)AttractivewagesandA)ManytediousjobscontinuetobedoneMoreandmoreunskilledworkerswillloseComputerswillchangethenatureofmanyBoringjobswillgraduallybemadeA)OfferthemchancesofImprovetheirworkingEncouragethemtocompetewitheachGivethemresponsibilitiesaspartofaA)TheywillnotbringrealbenefitstotheTheyconcernasmallnumberofpeopleTheyarearbitrarilysetbytheTheyarebeyondthecontrolofordinarySectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Inthehumanities,authorswritetoinformyouinmanyways.Thesemethodscanbe(36) intothreetypesofinformationalwriting:factual,descriptive,andprocess.Factualwritingprovides(37) informationonanauthor,composer,ororonatypeofmusic,liture,orart.Examplesoffactualwritingincludenotesonabookjacketor(38) coverandlongerpieces,suchasanarticledescribingastyleofmusicwhichyoumightreadinamusic(39) course.Thisofwritingprovidesa(40) foryourstudyoftheAsitsname(41) ,descriptivewritingsimplydescribes,orprovidesan(42) of,apieceofmusic,art,or ture.Forexample,descriptivewritingmightlistthecolorsanusedinapaintingorthe acomposerincludedinamusicalcomposition,soastomakepicturesorsoundsinthereader’smindbycallingupspecificdetailsofthework.(44) Processwritingexinsaseriesofactionsthatbringaboutaresult.(45) .Thiskindofwritingisoftenfoundinart,whereunderstandinghowanarthascreatedacertaineffectisimportant.(46) PartⅣReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingInfamilieswithtwoworkingparents,fathersmayhavemoreimpactonachild’slanguagedevelopmentthanmothers,anewstudysuggests.Researchers4792familiesform11childcarecentersbeforetheirchildrenwereayearold,interviewingeachtoestablish e,levelofeducationandchildcarearrangements.Overall,itwasagroupofwell-classfamilies,withmarriedparentsbothlivinginthehome.Whenthechildrenwere2,researchers tapedthemathomein-ysessionswithbothparents,48alloftheirspeech.ThestudywillappearintheNovemberissueofTheJournalofAppliedDevelopmentalThescientistsmeasuredthe49numberofutnce(话语)oftheparents,thenumberofdifferentwordstheyused,thecomplexityoftheirsentencesandother50oftheirspeech.Onaverage,fathersspokelessthanmothersdid,buttheydidnotdifferinthelengthofutncesorproportionofquestionsasked.Finally,theresearchers51thechildren’sspeechatage3,usingastandardizedlanguagetest.Theonlypredictorsofhighscoresonthetestwerethemother’slevelofeducation,the52ofchildcareandthenumberofdifferentwordsthefatherused.Theresearchersare53whythefather’sspeech,andnotthemother’s,hadan“It’swell54thatthemother’slanguagedoeshaveanimpact,”saidNadyaPancsofar,theleadauthorofthestudy.Itcouldbethatthehigh-functioningmothersinthestudyhad55hadastronginfluenceontheirchildren’sspeechdevelopment,Ms.Pancsofarsaid,“oritmaybethatmothersare56inawaywedidn’tmeasureinthestudy.”alreadyB)yzedC)aspectsD)charactersE)contributingF)G)establishedH)qualityI)quotedJ)recordingK)recruitedL)M)unconsciousN)unsureO)SectionDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingThroughoutthislong,tenseelection,everyonehasfocusedontheialcandidatesandhowthey’llchangeAmerica.Rightlyso,butselfishly,I’mmorefascinatedbyMiceObamaandwhatshemightbeabletodo,notjustforthiscountry,butformeasanAfrican-Americanwoman.AsthepotentialFirstLady,shewouldhavetheworld’sattention.AndthatmeansthatforthefirsttimepeoplewillhaveachancetogetupcloseandalwiththetypeofAfrican-AmericanwomantheysorarelyUsually,thelivesofblackwomengolargelyunexamined.Theprevailingtheoryseemstobethatwe’reallhot-temperedsinglemotherswhocan’tkeepamanEvenintheworldofmake-believe,blackwomenstillcan’tescapethestereotypeofbeingeye-rolling,overedfemalesraisedbyournever-married,alcoholic(酗酒的)Theseimageshavehelpeddefinethewayallwomenareviewed,includingMiceObama.Beforesheevergetsthechancetocommittoacause,charityorfoundationasFirstLady,hermosturgentandperhapsmostcomplicateddutymaybesimpletobeherself.Itwon’tbeeasy.Becausefewmainstreampublicationshavedonein-depthfeaturesonregularAfrican-Americanwomen,littleisknownaboutwhoweare,whatwethinkandwhatwefaceonaregularbasis.Forbetterorworse,Micewillrepresentusall.Justasshewillhavehercritics,shewillalsohavemillionsoffanswhousuallyhavelittleinterestintheFirstLady.ManyAfrican-Americanblogshavewrittenaboutwhatthey’dliketoseeMicebringtotheWhiteHouse—mainlyshowingtheworldthatablackwomancansupporthermanandraiseastrongblackfamilyMicewillhavetoworktopleaseeveryone—animpossibletask.ButformanyAfrican-Americanwomenlikeme,justalittleofherpoise(沉着),confidenceandinligencewillgoalongwayinchanginganimagethat’sbeenaroundforfartoolong.WhydoesMiceObamaholdastrongfascinationfortheSheservesasarolemodelforAfricanShepossessesmanyadmirable ingaFirstShewillpresenttotheworldanewimageofAfrican-AmericanShewillpaycloserattentiontotheinterestsofAfrican-AmericanWhatisthecommonstereotypeofAfrican-AmericanwomenaccordingtotheTheyarevictimsof.B)TheyareofaninferiorC)Theyusequitealotofbodylanguage.D)TheyliveoncharityandsocialWhatdomanyAfrican-AmericanswriteaboutintheirWhetherMicecanliveuptothehighexpectationsofherHowMiceshouldbehaveasapublicHowproudtheyaretohaveablackwomanintheWhiteWhatMiceshoulddoaswifeandmotherintheWhiteWhatdoestheauthorsayaboutMiceObamaasaFirstHowevermanyfansshehas,sheshouldremainSheshouldn’tdisappointtheAfrican-AmericanHoweverhardshetries,shecan’texpecttopleaseShewillgiveprioritytoAfrican-Americanwomen’sWhatdomanyAfrican-AmericanwomenhopeMiceObamawillHelpchangetheprevailingviewaboutblackHelpherhusbandinthetaskofchangingOutshinepreviousFirstFully yherfineQuestions62to66arebasedonthefollowingWhennextyear’scropofhigh-schoolgraduatesarriveatOxfordUniversityinthefallof2009,they’llbejoinedbyanewface;AndrewHamilton,the55-year-oldprovost(教务长)ofYale,who’ll eOxford’svice-chancellor—apositionequivalenttouniversityinAmerica.Hamiltonisn’ttheonlyeducatorcrossingtheAtlantic.SchoolsinFrance,Egypt,Singapore,etc,havealsorecentlymadetop-levelhiresfromabroad.Highereducationhas eabigandcompetitivebusinessnowadays,andlikesomanybusinesses,it’sgoneglobal.Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-level tendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.ThechiefreasonisthatAmericanschoolsdon’ttendtoseriouslyconsiderlookingabroad.Forexample,whentheboardoftheUniversityofColoradosearchedforanew,itwantedaleaderfamiliarwiththestateernment,amajorsourceoftheuniversity’sbudget.“Wedidn’tdoanyglobalconsideration,”saysPatriciaHayes,theboard’schairTheboardultimaypickedBruceBensona69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivist(活动家)whoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitys:fund-raising.Fund-raisingisadistinctivelyAmericanthing,sinceU.S.schoolsrelyheavilyondonations.Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentonernmentfunding.Buternmentsupporthasfailedtokeeppacewithrisingstudentnumber.Thedeclineinernmentsupporthasmadefunding-raisinganincreasingnecessaryabilityamongadministratorsandhashiringcommitteeshungryforInthepastfewyears,prominentschoolsaroundtheworldhavejoinedthetrend.In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition.”Ofcourse,fund-raisingisn’ttheonlyskilloutsidersoffer.Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindofpromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.Foreignerscanofferafreshonestablishedpractices.WhatisthecurrenttrendinhighereducationdiscussedintheInstitutionsworldwidearehiringadministratorsfromtheAlotofpoliticalactivistsarebeingrecruitedasAmericanuniversitiesareenrollingmoreinternationalUniversitysarepayingmoreattentiontofunding-WhatisthechiefconsiderationofAmericanuniversitieswhenhiringtop-levelThepoliticalcorrectness.B)TheirabilitytoraiseC)Theirfameinacademiccircles.D)TheiradministrativeWhatdowelearnaboutEuropeanuniversitiesfromtheThetuitionstheychargehavebeenrisingTheiroperationisunderstricternmentTheyarestrengtheningtheirpositionbyMostoftheirrevenuescomefromtheCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichardasitsvice-chancellorchieflybecause shewasknowntobegoodatraisingshecouldhelpstrengthenitstieswithsheknewhowtoattractstudentsshehadboostedYale’sacademicInwhatwaydotop-leveladministratorsfromabroadcontributetouniversityTheycanenhancetheuniversity’sTheywillbringwiththemmoreinternationalTheywillviewalotofthingsfromanewTheycansetupnewacademicPartⅤCloze(15Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Olderpeoplemustbegivenmorechancestolearniftheyaretocontributetosocietyratherthanbeafinancialburden,accordingtoanewstudyonpopulationpublishedrecently.Thecurrentpeopleapproachwhich67onyoungerpeopleandonskillsforemploymentisnot68tomeetthechallengesofdemographic(人口结构的)change,itsays.Only1%oftheeducationbudgetis69spentontheoldestthirdofthepopulation.The70includethefactthatmostpeoplecanexpecttospendathirdoftheirlivesin71,thattherearenowmorepeopleover59thanunder16andthat11.3millionpeopleare72statepensionage.“73needstocontinuethroughoutlife.Ourhistoricconcentrationofattentionandresources74youngpeoplecannotmeetthenew75,”saysthereport’sauthor,ProfessorStephenMcNair.Themajor76ofoureducationbudgetisspentonpeoplebelowtheageof25.77peoplearechangingtheirjobs,78,partnersandlifestylesmoreoftenthan79,theyneedopportunitiestolearnateveryage80,somepeoplearestartingnewcareersintheir50sandlater.Peopleneedopportunitiestomakea“midlifereview”to81tothelaterstageofemployedlife,andtonforthetransition(过渡)82retirement,whichmaynowhappen83atanypointfrom50toover90,saysMcNair.Andthereshouldbemoremoney84tosupportpeopleinestablishinga85ofidentityandfindingconstructive86forthe“thirdage”,the20ormoreyearstheywillspendinhealthyretiredlife.A)operatesB)focusesC)countsD)A)superiorB)regularC)essentialD)A)currentlyB)barelyC)anxiouslyD)A)regulationsB)obstaclesC)challengesD)A)enjoymentB)retirementC)stabilityD)A)overB)afterC)acrossD)A)IndentifyingB)LearningC)InstructingD)A)atB)byC)inD)A)desiresB)reaC)needsD)A)measureB)ratioC)areaD)A)WhenB)UntilC)WhetherD)A)neighborsB)moodsC)homesD)A)ageB)everC)previouslyD)A)ForexampleB)BycontrastC)InparticularD)OnA)transformB)yieldC)adjustD)A)withinB)fromC)beyondD)A)unfairlyB)unpredictablyC)instantlyD)A)reliableB)considerableC)availableD)A)senseB)conscienceC)projectD)A)ranksB)assetsC)idealsD)PartVITranslation(5Directions:CompletethesentencesbytranslatingintoEnglishthegiveninbrackets.PleasewriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.Youwouldnothavefailedifyou Despitethehardshipheencountered,Marknever Scientistsagreethatitwillbealongtime (我们找到治愈的方法Productionhastobeincreasedconsiderablyto 步Themoreexerciseyou 2009年12月大四级考试答案详PartⅠ本次四级作文为“绿色校园这是一个看似简单普通的话题，写起来却不是那么容易。因为很多考生对于“绿色校园”所表达的内涵感觉比较生僻。假如对“绿色校园”这一感到难以把握，考生可成三个自，大概十句话，基本的分布为首段、末段合起来五句或六句，中间段五句或四句，做到结构CreatingaGreenRecently,withtheideaofmakingandmaintaining“agreenearth”beingthefocusofthesociety,“greencampus”has eamoreandmorepopularconceptinuniversitiesorcolleges,which,undoubtedly,willbringusanever-lastingbenefittobothourcampusandoursociety.Theconceptof“greencampus”doesnotonlymeanagreenenvironmentbutalsoreferstoanenvironmentalsenseinpeople’smind.Campusysacrucialroleineducatingtheyounggenerationandtheconsciousnessof“greencampus”willdefiniyproduceaprofoundeffectonstudents’variousenvironmentalprotectionactivitiesaftertheirgraduation.What’smore,theyounggenerationisundertheburdenofsevereenvironmentalpollutionandtherearemanyproblemswaitingforthemtosolve.Tomake“greencampus”cometrue,firstly,itisnecessarytoworkouteffectiveprinciplesforthedevelopmentofsustainableandrecyclablecampus.Secondly,itcallsforpeople’sawarenessoftheseriouspollutionaroundusandactualactiontoreducethewaste.Lastbutnotleast,itisnecessarytostrengthenthetiesbetweencampusandsociety,soastoensurethat“greencampus”canworksmoothlywiththeco-effortofthewholesociety.临着严重的环境污染，有太多问题们去解决。的长远意义。第二段，着重讨论“绿色校园”的含义，“绿色校园”不仅指校园中的绿化，还指生活【生动的用词】maintain保持;concept概念;profound长远的;sustainable可持续的;recyclable【丰富的短语】bringbenefitto带来利益;yacrucialrolein发挥关键作用;undertheburdenof在……重负下;cometrue实现;callfor要求。世界气候大会使环保减排这个成为焦点，在全世界都提倡可持续发展、和谐发展这一背景下应直截了当，使阅卷老师对文章一目了然。正确拼写词性及词义错误的拼写focusn.effectn.effectionenvironmentn.envirment/invironmentburdenn.负担burdonsolvev.seriousa.seroustruea.真的turesocietyn.soceitytheoryn.理论theryrealize→beawareofWe’dbetterbeawareoftheseriousnessofpollutionaroundus.我们最好周围污染的严峻性keeppreserveItisnecessarytoeducatethestudentstobeconsciousoftheimportancetopreservetheenvironment.leadconductThiswillhelpconducttheactivitiesofthecollegestudents.Theideaof“agreencampusisbeyondagreenenvironment.“绿色校园”绝不仅仅是一个绿色环Theconstructionof“agreencampus”willgreatlystimulatestudentstotakepartinvariousenvironmentalprotectionactivities.建设“绿色校园”将会极大激励学生参与环境保护。Tobring“agreencampus”toitsfully,effectivemesursshouldbetaken.为全面实“绿色校园，Campusconstructionisofvitalimportancenotonlytothephysicaldevelopmentofstudentsbuttotheirmentalhealthaswell.校园建设不仅对学生的身体发展很重要，而且对他们的心理健康也很重要。Thereislittledoubtthatfurtherconsiderationmustbepaidtoourgreencampus.，对于绿色校园应该给与的思考。devastationn.毁 disastrousa.损失惨重doomv.厄运 existencen.存在，生活healthfula.健康 messya.肮脏的，凌乱participationn.，参 preservev.保存，保preventivea.预防性 purifyv.澄清，净stimulationn.激励，鼓舞 arouseconsciousness唤起意识本次作文难度适中，与之前考试中出现的“限塑”有千丝万缕的联系。考生要想在本次作文中获ampu;

同时开始向与大学生生活有关的话题转移。由此也凸显了对分析的重要意义。地立足，PartⅡReadingComprehension(Skimmingandaidn.①帮助，②助手v.帮助，【用】financialaid经济;meritaid/Merit-based奖学金;need-basedaid助学金或经济资助;jectv.n.【用】ProjectHope希望工程;projectmanager项目经理;projectn项目规划;projectbudget项目预算，工程预算【拓】projectionn.突出，发射;projectinga.突出的selectivea. ysis重点分析;selectivebreeding选择育种，选择性繁殖【拓】selectv.挑选，选拔a.精选的;selectionn.选择，挑选，选集packagen.包裹;a.【用】packagedesign包装设计;packageagreement一揽子安排，一揽子方案;packageholiday(旅行社安排一切的)一揽子旅游;packagetour包办旅行();packageprogram组装程序【拓】packn.v.包装，压紧;packageda.袋装的;packagern.打包机rankinga.头等的;n.【用】rankinglist;rankingmethod等级法，排序【拓】rankn.等级;队列;v.grantv.;n.【用】grantofapatent授予专利权【搭】take…forgranted认为……是理所当然Granted/Granting即使……(也)【拓】grantsn.金，津贴(grant的复数enrolv.【搭】enrolin选课，参加【拓】enrollmentn.登记，入伍;enrolleen.eliminatev.【用】eliminateillicy扫盲;eliminatepoverty消除贫困;eliminatenoise消除噪声【拓】eliminate是指把已进入者从中排除;excludev.指把想进入者拒外.a.excelv.n计算机]【搭】toexcelin/at在某方面)胜过(或超过)别人;toexcelinmusicexcellenta.极好的，卓越的;excellencen.submitv.使服从，提交【用】submitoneselftodiscipline遵守纪律;submitregistration提交登记表，提交【搭】submitto服从;submit…to将……呈交给【拓】submissionn.服从，投降【原题译文】随着越来越多的低收入学生追求高等教育，一些学院B【快速解题】本题的题干是moreandmore，estudents和pursuinghighereducation。【篇章分析】原文第二段“Butwith estudentsprojectedtomakeupanever-largershareofthecollege-boundpopulationincomingyears,someschoolsarere-examiningwhetherthataid,typicallyknownasmeritaid,isthemosteffectiveuseofpreciousinstitutionaldollars.原文中with estudentsprojectedtomakeupanever-largershareofthecollege-boundpopulation和题干中withmoreandmore studentspursuinghighereducation意思一致;原文中re-examining和B选项中revise意思相同所以答案为B【篇章分析】原文第三段“GeorgeWashingtonUniversityinWashington,D.C.,forexample,saidlastweekthatitwouldcutthevalueofitsaveragemeritscholarshipsbyaboutone-thirdandreducethenumberofrecipients(接受者),pouringthesavings,about$2.5million,intoneed-basedaid.AlleghenyCollegeinMeadville,Pamadeasimilardecisionthreeyearsago.DItcutitsmerit-basedaidhelptheneedystudents与cutthevalueofitsaveragemeritscholarshipsbyaboutone-thirdandreducethenumberofrecipients,pouringthesavings,about$2.5million,intoneed-basedaidD。【原题译文】有意识的大学提供奖学金的主要目的是“Butasatooltorecruittopstudentsandtoimprovetheiracademicprofiles.recruitCattractC。【原题译文】汉密尔顿的入学和助学金莫尼卡•英泽相信D【