Unit7Lesson23教案高中英语北师大版

ISO讲义学员姓名：年级：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课日期授课时段授课主题新北师大版必修三Unit7Lesson2&Lesson3同步讲解教学目标语言技能目标学生能够借助关键词，在理解文章大意的基础上，找出段落主题句，完成读前问题；用所学的词汇和语言的对课文进行复述。语言知识目标能够正确运用以下单词和短语：genius,composer,beregardedas...,inspire,symphony,opera,minor,respond,atmosphere,tense,orchestra,hesitate,applaud,joyous,clap,abroadsmile等；能正确使用同根词，如joy(n.)→enjoy(v.)等。文化意识目标了解音乐天才贝多芬的故事；正确认识生活、学习中的困难，学会如何克服困难。情感态度目标正确认识和面对生活、学习中出现的困境，学会不轻易放弃，从而摆脱困境。 教学重难点重点（1）如何使用地道的英语表达对音乐天才贝多芬的故事的理解；（2）正确理解并运用英语同根词。2.难点（1）能用得体的英语表达值得钦佩的人以及其是如何克服困难的；（2）能正确识别和运用英语中同根词。教学内容Unit7Lesson2&Lesson3Unit7Lesson2&Lesson3genius______________composer______________beregardedas...______________inspire______________symphony______________opera______________minor______________respond______________atmosphere______________tense______________orchestra______________hesitate______________applaud______________joyous______________clap______________abroadsmile______________天才：____________奋斗：____________回应：____________后台：____________犹豫：____________主管：____________欢乐的：____________标志：____________宽阔的：____________作曲：____________【答案】1.pose二．短语检测：被看作：____________多于：____________主管：____________专心致志于：____________毫不犹豫做某事：____________在某人二十多岁时：____________因…而著名：____________放弃：____________9.为…作斗争：____________10.在…的底部：_________【答案】1.beregardedas2.morethan3.takechargeof4.beburiedin5.nothesitatetodo6.inone’stwenties7.befamousfor8.giveup9.strugglefor10.atthebottomof一、构词法的分类1．派生：即把词根加上前缀或后缀，得出一个新的单词。richadj.富有的→enrichv．丰富homen．家→homelessadj.无家可归的2．转换：即同一单词具有多种词性。backn．背→backv．支持slowadj.慢的→slowv．减慢Youcanusethewaterintheditchtowatertheflowers.你可以用沟里的水浇花。3．合成：即由两个单词合成一个单词。blackboardn．黑板hand－madeadj.手工制作的二、常见派生词缀1．名词后缀(1)动词＋－ion/－tion/－sion→名词(表示动作或动作过程)correctv．改正；纠正→correctionn．改正celebratev．庆祝→celebrationn．庆祝；庆祝会concludev．推断；结束→conclusionn．结论；结束(2)动词＋－er/－or→名词(表示从事某种职业或进行某种活动的人)drivev．驾驶；驱赶→drivern．司机；驾驶员gatherv．聚集；采集→gatherern．收集者；采集者conductv．指挥；管理→conductorn．指挥；售票员(3)动词＋－ment→名词punishv．惩罚→punishmentn．惩罚(4)动词/形容词＋－th→名词warmadj.温暖的→warmthn．温暖growv．生长→growthn．生长(5)形容词＋－y→名词difficultadj.困难的→difficultyn．困难honestadj.诚实的→honestyn．诚实(6)形容词＋－ness→名词kindadj.善良的→kindnessn．善良(7)动词＋－ance→名词annoyvt.使烦恼→annoyancen．生气；烦恼(8)－ship结尾的名词(表示身份；关系；资格)membern．成员；会员→membershipn．会员资格professorn．教授→professorshipn．教授身份(9)－ing结尾的名词gardenn．花园→gardeningn．园艺greetv．打招呼；问候→greetingsn．问候2．形容词、副词后缀(1)常见形容词后缀①名词＋－al→形容词(表示“有……属性”，“与……有关”)agriculturen．农业→agriculturaladj.农业的②动词＋－ive→形容词decidev．决定；下决心→decisiveadj.决定性的；关键的③动词＋－able→形容词(表示“能够”“适于”“值得”)changev．变化；兑换→changeableadj.易变的；变化无常的④名词＋－ful→形容词caren．小心；关心→carefuladj.小心的；仔细的⑤名词＋－less→形容词(意思与原名词相反)caren．小心；关心→carelessadj.粗心的⑥名词＋－ly→形容词friendn．朋友→friendlyadj.友好的⑦名词＋－y→形容词dirtn．污物；尘土→dirtyadj.脏的⑧名词＋－ous→形容词dangern．危险→dangerousadj.危险的(2)副词后缀形容词＋－ly→副词carefuladj.仔细的→carefullyadv.仔细地(3)复合形容词的构成①形容词＋－ing分词easy－going随和的②形容词＋名词＋－edkind－hearted善良的；好心的③名词＋－ed分词water－covered被水覆盖的④副词＋－ed分词well－written写得好的⑤数词＋名词＋－edthree－legged三条腿的3．动词词缀(1)前缀－en＋形容词→动词enrichv．丰富enlargev．变大；增大；扩大(2)形容词＋－en→动词shortenv．缩短widenv．加宽(3)－fy结尾的动词simplifyv．简化classifyv．归类(4)－ize结尾的动词realizev．认识到popularizev．普及4．否定词缀(1)表示否定意义的前缀①un－不，非unable不能够unlucky不幸的②dis－不，非dishonest不诚实的discontinuous不连贯的③in－不，非inactive不活跃的incorrect不正确的④im－不，非impatient不耐烦的impossible不可能的⑤ir－不，非irregular不规则的irresponsible不负责任的⑥il－不，非illogical不合逻辑的illegal非法的⑦non－不，非non－existent不存在的non－stop直达的；连续不断的⑧mis－错误mislead误导misunderstand误解⑨dis－＋动词(意义相反)dislike不喜欢disagree不同意⑩un－＋动词(意义相反)uncover揭开undress脱衣服(2)表示否定意义的后缀：名词＋－less→否定意义的形容词usen．用处→uselessadj.无用的hopen．希望→hopeless没有希望的；绝望的homen．家→homelessadj.无家可归的[巩固内化1]单句语法填空1．Fromtheexpression(express)onMary’sface，heknewheleftabadimpression(impress)onher.2．Ifshewontheelection(elect)tobecomechairmanoftheEnvironmentOrganization(organize),hecouldnotgetherpermission(permit)tojoinit.3．Hewaswillingtodohisbesttoridtheworldofpollution(pollute)andtohelppeopleenjoyabetterearth.4．“Mydear,youarereallyawonderfulhelper(help)!I’msureIwillbethewinner(win)oftheelection.”hesaidtohiswifeexcitedly.5．ItwasreallyahardtimewhenLiPingfirstcametotheUnitedStates.Hisearnings(earn)couldhardlycovertheexpenses.6．InAfrica,poornutritioncausedthedeath(die)ofthepoorbaby.7．Thankstohisbravery(brave)andperseverance,hemanagedtogainthecitizenship(citizen)oftheUnitedStatesandintheendhehadhispermanentsettlement(settle)．8．Healwaystellshischildrenlikethis：Perseveranceleadstohappiness__(happy)andsuccess.[巩固内化2]Ⅰ.写出加黑单词的汉语意思1．Youcanfindallthesupplies，suchasboxes,packingtapeandmoreattruckrental.租赁2．Thegoodworkingconditioninthiscityisattractive.吸引人的3．Youcanrelyonhimbecauseheisreliable.可依赖的；靠得住的4．Herwordsstruckfearintoherheartsothatshewassleeplessallnightlong,afraidofbeingkilledunexpectedlysomeday.没有睡觉的；不眠的5．Itwasafrostycoldmorningwhenhesetofffortheremotevillage.有霜的6．Asweknow，theAntarcticisanice－coveredcontinent.冰雪覆盖的7．EverybodysaysLilyisaneasy－goinggirl，soshehasmanyfriends.随和的8．Theoldman’ssun－burntfacesuggestedhehadworkedhardinthefieldinsummer.被太阳晒黑的Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Lucylikestalkingandeverybodysayssheisgreatly(great)communicative.2．Gotothegatecarefully(careful),buttrynottotouchthedog.3．Herclassmatesfindheranswersquiteimpressive(impress)andacceptable(accept)．4．LucyhasmanyfriendswhothinkLucyisacreative(create)andhelpful__(help)girl.5．It’ssaidthattheboyoncewasahomeless(home)child.6．Sheisfriendly(friend)tothosewhohavedifficultywiththeirsubjects.7．Allinall,Lucyisthemostfamous__(fame)girlinherschool.8．Wethinkthatwecanfinally(final)getoutofthisdirty(dirt)place.[巩固内化3]单句语法填空1．Tryyourbesttomemorize(memory)thesenewwords.2．Thequestionmustbesimplified(simple)sothatwecanfindoutasolutiontoit.3．Itcostsalotofmoneyifweplantopurify__(pure)thewastewater.4．Hequickened(quick)hisstepstoarrivehomeearlier.5．Youcanenlarge(large)yourvocabularyifyoukeeponmemorizingsomenewwordseveryday.[巩固内化4]单句语法填空1．Thespeechseemedtobenon－stop(stop)andthelistenersbecameveryimpatient(patient)andleftthemeetingroomonebyone.2．It’ssaidthatoilisnon－renewable(renewable)．3．Theaudiencethoughtwhathesaidwasimpractical(practical)andunbearable(bearable)sotheywouldn’tlistentohim.4．Wealldisbelieved__whathepromised.5．Wefeelthatthisisirresponsibletocustomers.6．Ihopewehavenomisunderstandings__betweenus.单词填空（根据汉语提示填空，考查单词拼写10-20）1．Thepolicemanraisedhishandasasignal(信号)tostop.2．Thevalleyisthreemileslongandhalfamilebroad(宽).3．Ifyoucandothat,youcancomethroughthetense(紧张的)situations.4．Genius(天才)withouteducationislikesilverinthemine.5．Iwillnotletminor__(小的)issuesdisturbmywork.6．Thechildaskshisparentstobuyhimapiano(钢琴)．7．WhenIwasintrouble,shedidn’thesitate(犹豫)togivemeahand.8．Herfatherwasthebestconductor(指挥家)inChina.9．Hewentbackstage(后台)andaskedforherautograph.10．Thetalksproceeded(进行)inafriendlyatmosphere.11．Theriveris300kilometresinlength(长度)．12．Researchersinthisfieldhavemadesomeimportantdiscoveries(发现)．13．Hissonisstrongandseemsanenergetic(有活力)boy.14．Theriverthatusedtobeclearisnowbadlypolluted(污染)．15．Studentsshouldbebanned(禁止)fromridinge­bikesintheschoolyard.16．Heis5centimetres(厘米)tallerthanher.17．Lindahassolittleeducation(教育)thatsheisunabletogetajob.18．Dolphinsarealwaysofgreatintelligence(智力)sothatchildrenliketoplaywiththem.19．Themainbedroom，muchsmallerthanotherrooms,measures(测量)15metreswide.20．BrightColorsareattractive(吸引)tochildren.21．Theriveris300kilometresinlength(长度)．22．Researchersinthisfieldhavemadesomeimportantdiscoveries(发现)．23．Hissonisstrongandseemsanenergetic(有活力)boy.24．Theriverthatusedtobeclearisnowbadlypolluted(污染)．25．Studentsshouldbebanned(禁止)fromridinge­bikesintheschoolyard.26．Heis5centimetres(厘米)tallerthanher.27．Lindahassolittleeducation(教育)thatsheisunabletogetajob.28．Dolphinsarealwaysofgreatintelligence(智力)sothatchildrenliketoplaywiththem.29．Themainbedroom，muchsmallerthanotherrooms,measures(测量)15metreswide.30．BrightColorsareattractive(吸引)tochildren.完成句子（考查短语和中英文逻辑转换10-20）1．Howdopeopleheremake_a_living?这里的人们怎么谋生呢？2．Soundtravelsinthewaternearlyfive_times_as_fast_asintheair.声音在水中的传播速度差不多是在空气中传播速度的五倍。3．Thegovernmentdepartmentistryingtofind_a_solution_totheproblemofpollution.政府部门正在试图找到解决污染问题的方法。4．Sheis_watching_over_her_sick_childdayandnight.她在日夜照料自己生病的孩子。5．From2013on，myhusbandandIvisitedthecountryeveryotheryear/everytwoyears/everysecondyearuntilmyretirement.从2013年起直到我退休，我和我的丈夫每隔一年都来这个国家。6.ShanghaiDisneylandParkhasbeena_great_attraction_to_touristssinceitwascompleted.上海迪士尼乐园自建成以来一直对游客有很大的吸引力。翻译句子（作文基础10）1.Heisregardedasoneofthegreatestcomposersinthehistoryofmusic.__________________________________________________________________________2.他是班里最高的学生之一。3.可能的解释不止一个。——————————————————————————————————4.许多年来，公司一直由他管理——————————————————————————————————他被看作音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一。Heisoneofthetalleststudentsinourclass.Thereismorethanonepossibleexplanation.四．Ifyouhaveanyquestion,pleasedonothesitatetocontactme五．Thecompanyhasbeentakenthechargeofhimformanyyears去年在我们的家乡建起了一家新工厂。它是旧工厂的三倍大(倍数表达法)。许多人靠在工厂里工作来生活(makealiving)。令我们遗憾的是，来自工厂的黑烟严重的污染(pollute)了空气。在我看来，一方面(ontheonehand)它给我们带来了巨大的利益，另一方面(ontheotherhand)它对环境有不好的影响。总之(altogether)，我们必须找到好的方法(solution)来解决(handle)这一问题。Lastyearanewfactorywassetupinourhometown.Itisthreetimesbiggerthantheoldone.Manypeoplemakealivingbyworkinginthefactory.Toourregret,thedarksmokefromthefactoryhasseriouslypollutedtheair.Inmyopinion,ontheonehanditbringsusgreatprofit.Ontheotherhand,ithasabadeffectontheenvironment.Altogether,wemustfindagoodsolutiontohandletheproblem.阅读理解（6，2易，2中，2难）AShortlyafterWorldWarIl,aDutchartdealerwasarrestedforsecretlysellingpaintingsbyVermeer（1632-1675）totheNaziswhoinvadedHollandduringthewar.BecauseVermeerisconsideredtobeoneofHolland’sbestpainters,thedealerwaschargedwithsellingnationaltreasurestotheenemy.Toavoidthepunishmentforthisseriouscrime,headmittedthatthepaintingswereforgeries（伪造品），orfakeshehadpaintedthemhimselfandfooledtheartworldandtheNazis.Today,expertsagreethattheforgeriesdonotlooklikeVermeer'sotherworks,Whythen,didtheartworldacceptthefakesasreal？OnereasonwhytheywereacceptedwasthattheforgeriesactuallylookeddifferentthanVermeer'sotherworks.ThedealerhadclaimedthattheforgerieswerefromanunknownperiodearlyinVermeer'scareer.Becausepainters'stylesoftenchangethroughouttheircareers,arthistoriansatthetimedidnotexpect"thenewdiscovery"tolookexactlyliketheknownworksofVermeer.Infact,becausetheydidnotlooksimilartotheknownworks,expertsdidnotbothertolookatthemcarefully.Thisisbecauseexpertsexpectaforgertocopyfamouspaintingsascloselyaspossible.Oncetheartdealer'sfirstforgerieswereacceptedasreal,hewasfreetomakemoreTheotherscloselymatchedthefirstpaintingsinstyle,sotheywerealsoacceptedasrealVermeertingsfromthesameearlyperiod.AnotherreasonexpertswerefoolediswhatsomehistorianscallTheEmperor’sNewClothesEffects.InHansChristianAndersen’sstory,TheEmperor’sNewClothes,twocriminalsconvinceanemperorthatheiswearingbeautifulclothes,whenheisactuallynaked.Nooneintheempirewantstoadmitthattheycan’tseetheclothesbecausetheybelievetheclothesaremagicandthatonlygoodpeoplecanseethem.Similarly,theartworldwasinfluencedbythefamousarthistorianWilhelmvonBode,whosaidtheforgeriesweresomeofVermeer'sbestworks.BecausevonBodwashighlyrespected,otherexpertsbeganpraisingthe"newdiscoveries.”Atthetime,thismadeitdifficulttocriticizethepaintingsorsuggestthattheywerefakes1．Whydidtheartdealeradmitthathehadfakedpaintings？A．HewantedtoangertheNazisB．HewantedtoprovehewasagoodpainterC．HefeltbadaboutwhathehaddoneD．Hewantedtoescapeheavypunishment2．Whydidn’texpertsexpecttheforgeriestolooklikeVermeer'sknownworks？A．Theexpertsdidn'tcarefullyexaminethepaintingsB．Painters'stylesvaryduringtheircareersC．Paintersoftencreateforgeriestofoolexperts.D．ThepaintingslookedsimilartoVermeersearlierworks3．WhydoestheauthormentionthestoryTheEmperor'sNewClothes？A．TocomparetheworksofVermeerwiththoseofAndersenB．TosuggestthatVermeerwastheemperoroftheartworldC．ToexplainhowexpertswerefooledbytheforgeriesD．Togiveanexampleofaforgeryintheliteraryworld4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？A．TheNaziinvasionofHollandinWorldWarII.B．HowvonBodeinfluencedtheartworldC．HowsomeforgeriesfooledtheartworldD．ThepaintingsofVermeer'searlyperiod【答案与解析】1-4DBCC1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Toavoidthepunishmentforthisseriouscrime,headmittedthatthepaintingswereforgeries（伪造品）”可知，为了避免对这一严重罪行的惩罚，他承认这些画是伪造的，故D项正确。2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Becausepainters'stylesoftenchangethroughouttheircareers,arthistoriansatthetimedidnotexpect"thenewdiscovery"tolookexactlyliketheknownworksofVermeer.”可知，因为画家的风格在他们的职业生涯中经常发生变化，所以当时的艺术史学家并不期望“新发现”看起来与维米尔的已知作品一模一样，故B项正确。3．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“InHansChristianAndersen’sstory,TheEmperor’sNewClothes,twocriminalsconvinceanemperorthatheiswearingbeautifulclothes,whenheisactuallynaked.Nooneintheempirewantstoadmitthattheycan’tseetheclothesbecausetheybelievetheclothesaremagicandthatonlygoodpeoplecanseethem.Similarly,theartworldwasinfluencedbythefamousarthistorianWilhelmvonBode,whosaidtheforgeriesweresomeofVermeer'sbestworks.BecausevonBodwashighlyrespected,otherexpertsbeganpraisingthe"newdiscoveries”可知，在安徒生的故事《皇帝的新衣》中，两个罪犯让皇帝相信他穿着漂亮的衣服，而实际上他是赤身裸体的，国民中没有人愿意承认他们看不到衣服，因为他们相信衣服是魔法，只有好人才能看到。同样，艺术界也受到了著名艺术史学家威廉·冯·博德的影响，他说这些赝品是维米尔最好的作品之一，因为冯博德很受尊敬，其他专家开始称赞“新发现”，《皇帝的新衣》这个故事是愚弄人的，所以作者提到《皇帝的新衣》这个故事就是为了解释专家们是如何被伪造品愚弄的，故C项正确。4．文章大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Toavoidthepunishmentforthisseriouscrime,headmittedthatthepaintingswereforgeries（伪造品），orfakeshehadpaintedthemhimselfandfooledtheartworldandtheNazis.”可知，文章以出自一名荷兰艺术品交易商之手的赝品成功蒙骗过纳粹以及艺术品鉴定专家的眼睛为例介绍了一些赝品是如何愚弄艺术界的，所以短文的最佳标题是“一些赝品是如何愚弄艺术界的”。故C项正确。BEveryyear,thousandsofteenagersparticipateinprogramsattheirlocalartmuseums.Butdoanyofthemremembertheirtimeatmuseumeventslaterinlife?Anewreportsuggeststhattheanswerisyes–andfindsthatalumni(毕业生)ofarts-basedmuseumprogramscreditthemwithchangingthecourseoftheirlives,evenyearsaftertheexperience.TheWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt,theWalkerArtCenterandtheMuseumofContemporaryArt,LosAngelesrecentlyaskedresearcherstoconductastudytofindouthoweffectivetheirlong-standingteenartprogramsreallyare.Theyinvolvedover300formerparticipantsoffourprogramsforteensthathavebeeninexistencesincethe1990s.Alumni,whosecurrentagesrangefrom18to36,wereinvitedtofindouthowtheyviewedtheirparticipationyearsafterthefact.Amongthealumnisurveyed,75percentofalumniratedtheteenprogramexperienceasthemostfavorableinfluenceontheirownlives,beatingfamily,schoolandtheirneighborhoods.Nearly55percentthoughtthatitwasoneofthemostimportantexperiencesthey’deverhad,regardlessofage.Andtwo-thirdssaidthattheywereofteninsituationswheretheirexperienceinmuseumsaffectedtheiractionsorthoughts.Itturnsoutthatparticipatinginartprogramsalsohelpskeepteensenthusiasticaboutartsevenaftertheyreachadulthood:96percentofparticipantshadvisitedanartmuseumwithinthelasttwoyears,and68percenthadvisitedanartmuseumfiveormoretimeswithinthelasttwoyears.Thirty-twopercentofprogramalumniworkintheartsasadults.Thoughthestudyisthefirstofitskindtoexploretheinfluenceofteen-specificartprogramsinmuseums,itreflectsotherresearchontheimportantbenefitsofengagingwiththearts.AdecadeofsurveysbytheNationalEndowmentfortheArtsfoundthatchildhoodexperiencewiththeartsissignificantlyassociatedwiththeirincomeandeducationalattainmentasadults.Otherstudieshavelinkedartseducationtoeverythingfromlowerdrop-outratestoimprovementincritical(批判性的)thinkingskills.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“theexperience”inParagraph1referto?A．Joininginchildhoodartprograms.B．Shiftingthecourseofchildren’slife.C．Memorizingthetimeatmuseumevents.D．Conductingarts-basedmuseumprograms.6．WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Theaimofthestudy.B．Theresultofthestudy.C．Themethodofthestudy.D．Theprocessofthestudy.7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudymentionedinthetext?A．Nootherstudiesaboutthebenefitsofartsexist.B．Loveforartsmaykeeplonginkids’wholelife.C．Agemattersinhowpeopleviewtheirartexperiences.D．Mostkidsparticipatinginartprogramswillworkinarts.8．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HowcanArtbeConnectedtoOurLife?B．CanArtEducationAffectOurIncome?C．ShouldKidsWalkintoArtMuseums?D．WhatShouldArtMuseumsdoforKids?【答案与解析】5-8ABBC5．词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句话“Everyyear,thousandsofteenagersparticipateinprogramsattheirlocalartmuseums.”可知，每年，成千上万的青少年参加当地艺术博物馆的项目，此处说的是一份新的报告发现艺术博物馆项目的校友们甚至在参加当地艺术博物馆的项目多年之后都认为它们改变了自己的生活，由此可知，画线词指的就是“参加儿童艺术项目”，故A项正确。6．主旨大意题。根据第三段内容可知，在接受调查的校友中，75%的校友认为参加青少年项目的经历对他们自己的生活最有利；近55%的人认为这是他们有过的最重要的经历之一；三分之二的人说，他们在博物馆的经历常常会影响到他们的行为或思想，这是研究发现的青少年项目对青少年的影响，也就是这项研究的研究结果，故B项正确。7．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Itturnsoutthatparticipatinginartprogramsalsohelpskeepteensenthusiasticaboutartsevenaftertheyreachadulthood”可知，事实证明，参加艺术项目也有助于保持青少年对艺术的热情，即使他们到了成年期，由此可知，对艺术的热爱可能会在孩子们的一生中持续很久，故B项正确。8．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Anewreportsuggeststhattheanswerisyes–andfindsthatalumni(毕业生)ofarts-basedmuseumprogramscreditthemwithchangingthecourseoftheirlives,evenyearsaftertheexperience.”可知，本文主要介绍了研究发现青少年艺术项目对青少年有深远的影响，孩子们应该参加博物馆的艺术项目，故C项（孩子们应该走进艺术博物馆吗？）最适合作文章标题。COperaisanartformthatcelebratesthehumanvoice.Nootherartformcreatesexcitementandmovestheheartinthewaythatoperadoes，especiallywhenperformedbyagreatsinger.OperaisanimportantpartoftheWesternclassicalmusictradition.Itusesmusic,words,andactionstobringadramaticstorytolife.OperastartedinItalyattheendofthe16thcenturyandlaterbecamepopularthroughoutEurope.Overtheyears,ithasrespondedtovariousmusicals.Inrecentdecades,muchwideraudienceshavebeenintroducedtooperathroughmodernrecordingtechnology.Somesingershavebecomecelebritiesthankstoperformingonradio,onTV,andinthecinema.However,inrecentyears,operahasbeenfacingseriouschallenges.Onecurrentchallengetooperaiseconomics.Theshortageofmoneyraisesthebroaderquestionofhowmuchshouldbepaidtosupportoperasingersandotherartists.Societyseemstoacceptthelargesalariespaidtobusinessmanagersandthemulti－million－dollarcontractsgiventosportsathletes.Butwhataboutoperasingers?Somehow,peoplehavetheideathatartistscanbecreativeonlyiftheysufferinpoverty,butthisisunrealistic.Ifartists,includingoperasingers,lackthesupporttheyneed,valuabletalentiswasted.Notonlytheshortageofmoney,butalsothewaymoneyismanagedintheoperaworldhasledtohardships.Principalsingersaregenerallypaidperformancefeesoncetheycompleteashow.Theytypicallyreceivenothingduringthemanyweeksofrehearsal(排练)beforeashowstarts.Anotherproblemfacedbyoperaishowtomeetthedemandsofaudienceswhoareinfluencedbypopularentertainment.Popsingersareoftenjudgedasmuchonthebasisofhowtheylookashowtheysound.Thesedemandsmaybeunrealisticandpossiblyharmful.Operasingerssimplycannotmakeasoundbigenoughtofillalargetheaterorconcerthallwithoutamicrophoneiftheirbodyweightistoolow.Emphasizingphysicalappearanceoversingingabilitymaycauseaudiencestomissoutonthehumanvoiceatitsbest.Therearenoeasysolutionstoopera’sproblemsandtherearemanydifferentopinionsaboutthevalueofopera.However,everyyearmanyyoungpeopleregisterformusiccourseswithhopesanddreamsofdevelopingtheirtalentinthisspecialartform.Thefactthatoperahassurvivedmanyobstaclesandcontinuestoattracttherisinggenerationshowsthatitremainsarespectableartformfullofvalue.【语篇解读】本文主要讨论了歌剧所面临的挑战和困难。1．WhichofthestatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Operasingers’lifestoriesaredramatic.B．OperawillsoonappearonTVandinfilms.C．Operafansthankcelebritiesforperforming.D．Operadevelopsbyadaptingtonewconditions.答案D[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Overtheyears,ithasrespondedtovariousmusicals.”可推知，歌剧适应新的状况而得以发展，故选D。]2．WhatcanweknowfromParagraphs2and3?A．Operasingersarefinanciallyinsecure.B．Operasingerswastetheirvaluabletalent.C．Operasingersgetpaidbeforetheshow.D．Operasingersperformbetteriftheyarepoor.答案A[细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句以及第三段第一句可知，歌剧演唱家的经济是有问题的，不稳定的，故选A。]3．WhatdoestheauthortrytosayinParagraph4?A．Popularculturehashadapositiveinfluenceonopera.B．Audiencesknowbesthowoperashouldbeperformed.C．Microphonesshouldbeusedtomakeoperamoreenjoyable.D．Operasingers’voicesshouldbevaluedmorethantheirlooks.答案D[推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，歌剧演唱家的声音要比外貌重要得多，故选D。]4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．TheEconomicChallengetoOperaB．OperaFacedwiththeDifficultiesC．OperaasPartofPopularCultureD．TheHistoricalContextofOpera答案B[标题归纳题。根据最后一段第一句并结合全文的整体内容可知，本文主要讨论的是歌剧所面临的问题和挑战，故选B。]DThere'sanewviralmusicvideoontheInternetthat'sgettingmillionsofpeopledancingandlaughing.PsyisasingerwhocreatedGagnamStyle,amusicvideowhichfeaturedacatchytuneandinterestingdance.ThenewmusicvideocalledTheFox(Whatdoesthefoxsay？)hasrecentlygoneviral.At123,000,000views,itmayevencatchuptoGagnamStyle.Thevideoasksthequestion,“Whatdoesthefoxsay？”It'sagoodquestion.Anditseems,atleastaccordingtothemusicvideo,thereisnogoodanswer.Actorsinthevideodressupliketheanimalsthey'resingingabout.Oneofthebrothersdressesuplikeafox.Thereisasurprisingandsillydanceinthevideothattakestheviewerabitoff­guard.Thevideo'sappealisthesong'ssimplerhythmandcatchychorus(副歌)．Themakersofthevideoneverexpectedthevideotodowelloreventobetakenseriously.Infact,itstartedoutasajoke.ThesongwaswrittenbytwobrothersfromNorway,VegardandBardYlvisker.Thebrothershavetheirownlate­nighttalkshowinNorway.Theythoughtthevideowouldbesobadthatitwouldgivethemsomethingtotalkaboutontheirshow.Ontheirwebsite,theysaythevideowas“supposedtoentertainafewNorwegiansforthreeminutes—andthat'sall.”Butpeoplestartedlovingit.Somepeoplesaythatonceyoulistentothedelightfullysillysong,youwanttolistentoitagainandagain.ThebrothershavebeenguestsonsomemajorNorthAmericantalkshows.Theysaythey'rehappyaboutthesuccessoftheirvideo,buttheyknowthattomorrowsomethingelsecouldcomealongandbeevenbigger.语篇解读：本文介绍了最近网络上很流行的一首歌：TheFox。具体说明了这首歌的特点、创作缘由以及人们对这首歌的喜好程度。9．WhatcanbelearntaboutthemusicvideoinventedbyPsy?A．ItfeaturedthetraditionalstyleofKoreanmusic.B．Itwasdifficultforpeopletofollow.C．Itwasnamedafteranewvirus.D．Itcouldmakepeoplerelaxalot.解析：选D细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句“Thevideo'sappealisthesong'ssimplerhythmandcatchychorus(副歌).”这首歌的节奏很简单，副歌部分很吸引人。再根据倒数第二段最后一句“Somepeoplesaythatonceyoulistentothedelightfullysillysong，youwanttolistentoitagainandagain.”可知有些人一听到这个令人高兴的音乐就会一遍一遍地再听。说明这首歌让人很放松，人们都想听它。可知，故D项正确。10．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthenewmusicvideoTheFox?A．Itcancatchtheviewers'hearteasilybyitsamusingtuneanddance.B．ItfeaturesthesamestorywiththemusicvideoGagnamStyle.C．Itanswersthequestion“Whatdoesthefoxsay？”exactly.D．Ithastherealanimalsinthevideo.解析：选A推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句“Somepeoplesaythatonceyoulistentothedelightfullysillysong，youwanttolistentoitagainandagain.”可知有些人一听到这个令人高兴的音乐就会一遍一遍地再听。说明这首歌能够抓住听众的心。故A项正确。11．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatnowadaysmostpeople________.A．liketoenjoymusicwithsimpleandeasystyle.B．havedifficultyinunderstandingtheviralmoviemusic.C．areworkinghardfortheadvancementofclassicmusic.D．aretiredofmanymusicvideoswhicharepopularizedthroughInternettooquickly.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Thevideo'sappealisthesong'ssimplerhythmandcatchychorus(副歌)．”可知这首歌的节奏很简单，说明人们很喜欢这种简单容易的风格的歌。故A项正确。12．Theunderlinedword“off­guard”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto________.A．Annoyed. B．Offended.C．Unexpected. D．Relaxed.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Thereisasurprisingandsillydanceinthevideothattakestheviewerabitoff­guard.”前半句中surprisingandsilly可知视频中的舞蹈很出人意料也很愚蠢滑稽，让观众想象不到。所以“off­guard”应该与C项unexpected词义一致。ESeatedinaconvertible(敞篷车)withthetopdownat60milesanhour,MarylookedatthefliesthatsatontopofMark'shair.Howcouldtheystaythere?Shewondered.MaryhadnotseenMarkinyears,untiltheotherdaywhenhecameintothecaféwheresheworked.Hisappearancewasdifferentfromwhenhewasinhighschool.Now,hewasabitfatandthickglassescoveredhiseyes.However,thatdidn'tchangeMary'sfeelingsforhimatall.Hehadjustboughtabrandnewredsportscarandaskedherifshewouldliketogoforarideandthenhavedinnerwithhim.Herheartbeatwithexcitementasheopenedthedoorforher.ShenoticedsomethingverystrangeasMarkgotintothecarandstartedtodriveaway.Onthehairwasagroupoffliesjustsittingthere.Marystaredinamazement.Itseemedthefastertheydrove,themore