Cross-CulturalCommunicationUnit公开课一等奖市赛课一等奖课件

CHAPTER5Language&Culture:TheEssentialPartnership

CHAPTER5-Language&Culture:TheEssentialPartnershipLanguageishowwereachouttomakecontactwithoursurroundings.Wordscanexercisesomecontroloverthepresent;wordsalsousetoformimagesofthefuture.Weusewordstopersuade,toexchangeideas,toexpressviews,toseekinformation,andtoexpressfeelings.Languageisasetofsymbolsthataculturalgrouphasagreedtousetocreatemeaning.Thesymbolsandtheirmeaningareoftenarbitrary.Whenwestudyanotherlanguage,wesoondiscovernotonlysymbolsandsounds,buttherearerulessuchasphonology,grammar,syntax,andintonation.–Languagehaveamajorimpactonthewayindividualperceivesandconceptualizedtheworld.

CHAPTER5-Language&Culture:TheEssentialPartnershipArgothelpsestablishgroupsasrealandviablesocialentities.Argothelpsindevelopingasenseofself-defensebyprovidingacodethathelpstheco-culturesurviveinahostileenvironment.FYI=foryourinfo.BRB=berightbackOMG=ohmygodLOL

CHAPTER5-Language&Culture:TheEssentialPartnershipLanguageisareflectionofculture,andcultureisareflectionoflanguage.HighandLowContext-Whichcountriesusemoredualmeaningsforavocabulary?HighandLowPowerDistance-Whichcountrieshavemoreterminologiesforhierarchies?Individualism&Collectivism-Whichcountrieswouldencouragechildrento"don'tdependonothers"?

CHAPTER5-Language&Culture:TheEssentialPartnershipInterpersonalInteractions(withfolksfromothercultures)BemindfulOtherculturemaynotshareyourperspectiveSpeechrateVocabularyAvoiddifficultandrarelyusedwords.Monitornonverbalfeedback(nonverbalresponse)Checking(usedifferentwaystoexpressyourmessageifhe/shehasdifficultytounderstandyourmessage)

CHAPTER5-Language&Culture:TheEssentialPartnershipInterpersonalandTranslation(withfolksfromothercultures)InterpretationConsecutivetranslation&SimultaneoustranslationTranslationInterpretation(difficulttotranslate)CHAPTER6NonverbalCommunication:ThemessageofAction,Space,Time,andSilence

CHAPTER6-NonverbalCommunicationWhyit'simportant:peopleuseittoexpressattitudes,feelings,andemotions.Consciouslyandunconsciously,intentionallyandunintentionally,peoplemakeimportantjudgmentsanddecisionsconcerningtheinternalstatesofothers-statestheyoftenexpresswithoutwords.(bodylanguage,voice,etc.)Nonverbalcommunicationispartiallyresponsibleforcreatingimpressions.Peoplewilldrawamentalpictureofyoubasedonyourappearance.(dress,accent,etc.)Nonverbalcommunicationcanbeuseasawayofdirectcommunication.

CHAPTER6-NonverbalCommunicationNonverbalcommunicationinvolvesallthosenonverbalstimuliinacommunicationsettingthataregeneratedbyboththesourceandhisorheruseoftheenvironmentandthathavepotentialmessagevalueforthesourceorreceiver.Theexpressivenessoftheindividual(impression)appearstoinvolvetworadicallydifferentkindsofsignactivity:Theexpressionthathegives(traditionalandnarrow)&theimpressionthathegivesoff(widerangeofactions).NonverbalNonverbalcommunicationismultidimensionalactivitythatcanbeinfluencedbyahostoffactors.

CHAPTER6-NonverbalCommunicationNonverbalcommunicationcanbeambiguousbecauseitcanbecontextual.Nonverbalcommunicationismultidimensionalactivitythatcanbeinfluencedbyahostoffactors.Thesefactorsincludeculturalbackground,socioeconomicbackground,education,gender,age,personalpreferencesandidiosyncrasies.Thecontextualnatureofnonverbalcommunication-differentsituationsorenvironmentsproducedifferentnonverbalmessages.

CHAPTER6-NonverbalCommunicationTwocomprehensivecategories:thosethatareprimarilyproducedbythebody(appearance,movement,facialexpressions,eyecontact,touch,andparalanguage).thosethattheindividualcombineswiththesetting(space,time,andsilence).Appearanceisimportantbecauseitinvolveone'sbodyimageandthesatisfactionwithitresultfromcomparisonswithanimplicitculturalidealandstandard.Kinesicscuesarethosevisiblebodyshiftsandmovementsthatcansentmessagesaboutyourattitudetowardtheotherperson,youremotionalstate,andyourdesiretocontrolyourenvironment.Whilethereisabiologicalcomponenttofacialexpressions,cultureplaysamajorroleinwhatproducesthefacialexpression,howtheexpressionisdisplayed,andthemeaningattachedtothefacialexpression.

CHAPTER6-NonverbalCommunicationTwocomprehensivecategories:thosethatareprimarilyproducedbythebody(appearance,movement,facialexpressions,eyecontact,touch,andparalanguage).thosethattheindividualcombineswiththesetting(space,time,andsilence).Appearanceisimportantbecauseitinvolveone'sbodyimageandthesatisfactionwithitresultfromcomparisonswithanimplicitculturalidealandstandard.Kinesicscuesarethosevisiblebodyshiftsandmovementsthatcansentmessagesaboutyourattitudetowardtheotherperson,youremotionalstate,andyourdesiretocontrolyourenvironment.Whilethereisabiologicalcomponenttofacialexpressions,cultureplaysamajorroleinwhatproducesthefacialexpression,howtheexpressionisdisplayed,andthemeaningattachedtothefacialexpression.

CHAPTER6-NonverbalCommunicationParalanguage(sound)Vocalcharacterizers(laughing,crying,yelling,moaning,whining,belching,yawning)Vocalqualifier(volume,pitch,rhythm,tempo,resonance,tone)Vocalsegregates(“un-huh”,“shh”,“uh”,“oooh”,mmmh”)

CHAPTER6-NonverbalCommunicationSpaceandDistancePersonalSpaceindifferentculturesSeatingAmericansprefertalksomeonebehindthemratherbesidethem;leaders’seatsstayawayfromthegroupFurnitureArrangementCommunicatesomethingaboutculture

CHAPTER6-NonverbalCommunicationInformalTimeHowlateislate?Past,Present,andFuturePast-orientatedculture–British,Chinese–“considerthepastandyouwillknowthepresent”Present-orientatedculture–FilipinosandLatinAmericans(livinginthemoment,casual,relax)Future-orientatedculture–Americans–innovationandchangeMonochronic(M-time)–seestimeaslineal,segmented,andmanageable.Example:Germany,Austria,Switzerland,andAmericaPolychronic(P-time)Classification–interactwithmorethanonepersonordomorethanonethingatatime.Timeislesstangible.Example:Arabic,Asian,andLatinAmerica.SilenceVariesfromculturetocultureEasternculturesvaluessilencemorethanWesterncultures.CHAPTER7CulturalInfluencesonContext:TheBusinessSetting

CHAPTER7-CulturalInfluencesonContext:TheBusiness