中考备战策略2014英语总复习第一部分夯实基础阶段达标八下units910课件人教新目标版

第15讲八年级(下)Units

9～10类别新课标要求重点词汇拓展neither(pron.)→both

(反义词pron.)两者都attract(v.)→attraction

(n.)有吸引力的事物(或人)especial(adj.)→especially

(adv.)特别；尤其require(v.)→requirement

(n.)要求；必要条件类别新课标要求重点词汇拓展5.wonder(n.)→wonderful

(adj.)极好的6．wake(v.)→awake

(adj.)醒着的

7．nature(n.)→natural

(adj.)自然的；自然界的8.

cross(v.)→crossing

(n.)十字路口→across

(prep.)横越；穿过类别新课标要求重点词汇拓展9．low(adj.)→high

(反义词)高的10

．slow(adj.)→slowly

(adv.)缓慢地→fast/quickly

(反义词adv.)迅速地

11．little(adj.)→less

(比较级)较小的；较少的→least

(最高级)最小的；最少的重点短语记忆on

board

在船上end

up

以……结束；结果为……；意外到达(某处)flight

attendant

(飞机上的)空中服务员tour

guide

导游three

quarters

四分之三wake

up

醒来；睡醒类别新课标要求重点短语记忆all

year

round

一年到头；终年look

through

浏览feel

like

感觉像；想要come

along

(意外地)出现；发生；来到get

along

相处at

least

至少重点句型整理—Have

you

ever

been

to

anaquarium?你曾去过水族馆吗？—No，I

haven't.不，没有。—I

have

been

to

the

zoo

a

lot

of

times.我去过这个动物园很多次。—Me，too.我也是。重点句型整理—I've

never

been

to

a

water

park.我从未去过水上公园。—Me

neither.我也没去过。It

looks

like

rain，doesn't

it?看上去要下雨，对吗？It's

really

windy

today，isn't

it?今天果然有风，是不是？1．—I've_never_been_to

a

water

park.我从未去过水上公园。—Me_neither.我也没去过。(Unit

9)【考点透析】Me

neither.表示说话者的情况与上述否定句所说的内容一样，是省略句。常用于口语。用于正式场合本句应是Neither/Nor

have

I。—I

didn't

go

to

the

park

last

Sunday.上星期天我没去公园。—Meneither./Neither

did

I.我也没去。【归纳拓展】neither的用法形容词用在单数名词之前其修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词用单数

Neither

answer

is

right.两个答案都不对。代词作主语，谓语动词常用单数常与of连用，neither

of＋名词复数Neitherof

them

was

in

good

health,

but

both

ofthem

worked

very

hard.他们两个人身体都不好，但工作都非常努力。副词位于句首，用倒装语序，表示“……也不”

neither＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语

Hedoesn'tgotoschoolbybike.Neither

doI.他不骑自行车上学。我也不骑。连词neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列成分表否定；反义短语

both...and...，连接同等成分表示肯定连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”

Neither

I

nor

Jane

is

interested

in

science.我和简对科学都不感兴趣。【妙辨异同】have

gone

to,

have

been

to与have

been

inhavegone

to“去了某地”，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一人称、第二人称代词作句子的主语。havebeen

to“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，后可接次数，如once,

twice,

three

times

等，表示“去过某地几次”，也可和just,never,ever等连用。havebeen

in表示“在某地待了多长时间”，常与时间段状语连用。—Where

is

Jim？吉姆在哪里？—He

has

gone

to

England.他去英国了。(尚未回来)Mr

Wang

isn't

here.

He

has

gone

to

Qingdao.王先生不在这里。他去青岛了。My

father

has

been

to

Beijing

twice.我父亲去过北京两次。I

have

never

been

to

the

Great

Wall.我从未去过长城。I

have

been

in

Shanghai

for

three

years.我到上海已有三年了。2．...

more

than

three

quarters

of

the

population

areChinese...……超过四分之三的人口是中国人……(Unit

9)【考点透析】

(1)three quarters“四分之三”，也可以说“three

fourths”。【归纳拓展】英语中分数的表达：①分数是由基数词和序数词组成的，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是1时，分母用单数形式；分子大于1时，分母用复数形式，当分数前面有整数时，要用连词

and连接。②英语中的分数常与of连用，后接可数名词的复数或不可数名词。作主语时谓语动词的形式取决于所修饰的名词，若是可数名词复数则用复数，若是不可数名词则用单数。Two

thirds

of

the

students

in

my

class

are

girls.我班里三分之二的学生是女孩。One

third

of

the

water

is

polluted.三分之一的水被污染了。【温馨提示】英语分数不费事，“母序子基”四个字。分子若是大于一，分母还须加s。(2)population①population是集合名词，是指人口总数，作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式，如果表示个体概念，被分数或百分数修饰时，谓语动词用复数。②指人口“多”或“少”时，一般用large或small来表示，而不用many或few。③表示某国、某城市有多少人口时，要与of连用。其句式有两种：The

population

of＋某国(某城市)＋is...，某国(某城市)＋has

a

population

of...。有时，表达“有多少人口的城市”时，用a

city

with

a

population

of...。④提问“有多少人口”时用what或how

large，而不用

how

many或how

much。Eighty

percent

of

the

population

of

China

are

peasants.中国百分之八十的人是农民。The

country

has

a

large

population.那个国家人口众多。The

population

of

the

village

is

about

4,000.＝The

village

has

a

population

of

about

4,000.这个村庄大约有4

000人。What/How

large

is

the

population

of

Beijing?北京有多少人口？3．Two

people

waiting

to

cross

a

busy

street正等着穿过一条繁忙街道的两个人(Unit

10)【考点透析】cross

意为“越过；横过”，相当于goacross。Go

across(Cross)

the

bridge

and

turn

left，then

you

willfind

the

hospital.走过这座桥然后向左拐，你就会找到医院的。【归纳拓展】across

prep.横过crossing

n．十字路口The

man

went

across

the

desert

on

a

camel.那个人骑骆驼穿过了沙漠。There

are

traffic

lights

at

the

crossing.十字路口有信号灯。4．I

feel

like

part

of

the

group

now.现在我感到像是他们中的一员了。(Unit

10)【考点透析】

feel like表示“觉得像……似的”，feel是系动词，like是介词。I

felt

like

a

fool

at

that

time.那时我觉得像个傻瓜似的。【妙辨异同】

feel like与would

likefeel like与would

like意思相同，都表示“想要；希望”。feel

like后接名词或动名词。would

like后接名词或不定式短语。I

don't

feel

like

walking

after

dinner.饭后我不想散步。

I'd

like

to

go

for

a

walk

in

the

garden.我想在花园中散步。5．I

was

having

a

hard

time

finding

it

until

you

came

along.在你来之前我一直在费劲地寻找这所学校。(Unit

10)【考点透析】come

along是固定短语，在本句中意为

“出现；来到”，此外它还有“沿着……行进”或“快点儿”之意。The

party

was

going

fine

until

Mary

came

along.在玛丽到达之前，聚会进展得挺顺利。I

saw

him

coming

along

the

road.我看见他顺着马路走过来。Come

along，it's

nearly

twelve

o'clock.快点儿，快十二点了。【归纳拓展】come构成的短语：come

back回来

come

from来自come

on加油

come

true实现come

out出版；出现come

up

with想出；提供出

come

around(round)顺便来访考点训练基础知识过关一、词汇应用(10

分)(一)根据句意及汉语提示写单词(5

分)Every

morning

before

going

to

school，I

saygoodbye

(再见)to

my

parents.The

house

itself

is

not

particularly

to

my

mind,but

I

like

its

environment

(环境)．There

are

five

foxes

(狐狸)in

the

zoo.4．Sorry，I

can't

follow

you.Would

you

pleasespeak

more

slowly

(缓慢地)?5．The

boy

made

up

his

mind

to

become

anexcellent

(优秀的)architect.(二)用所给单词的适当形式填空(5

分)The

boy

didn't

end

up

playing

(play)

basketballwith

friends

until

it

was

dark.This

is

a

sandy

(sand)

field,

so

you

can't

plantanyrice

init.They

are

standing

in

line

to_buy

(buy)

somestamps.It's

said

that

Jane

has_gone

(go)

to

Australia.

Ihaven't

seen

her

for

a

long

time.We're

really

excited

to_hear

(hear)

of

the

good

news.二、根据汉语提示完成句子(10

分)1．我用半小时浏览晚报。I

spent

half

an hour

looking

through

the

eveningpaper.2．你一个月至少应该看一本书。You

should

read

one

book

a

month

at

least

.3．做运动对健康有好处。

Exercise

is

good

for

your

health.4．以前你去过长城吗？Have_you_been_to_the_Great_Wall_before?

5．穿过马路时当心向两边看看。Be_careful_to_look_both_ways_before_you_cross_the_street.三、按要求完成句子(10

分)1．I

have

been

to

Hong

Kong.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)Have

you

been

to

Hong

Kong?Yes，I

have.2．He

has

worked

in

Beijing

for_a_year.(就画线部分提问)How

long

has

he

worked

in

Beijing?The

population

of

China

is

more_than_1.3_

billion.(就画线部分提问)What

is

the

population

of

China?He's

been

to

Beijing

many

times,hasn't

he？(完成反意疑问句)My

father

went

to

Beijing.He

hasn't

come

backyet.(合并为一句)My

father

has

gone

to

Beijing

already.综合能力提高一、单项选择(10分)1．China

has

the

population

of

the

world.A．larger

B．most

C．many

D．largest解析：表示人口数量的多少用large或small，由后面ofthe

world可知应用最高级。答案：D2．(2013·邵阳)

of

our

classmates

are

good

atbasketball.A．Three

quarters B．Three

fourthC．Third

four解析：考查分数表达法。分数的表达，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子大于1时，分母用复数，通常用

quarter来表示“四分之一”。答案：A3．—Where

is

John?—He

thesciencelab.

A．has

gone

to B．has

been

toC．went

to D．goes

to解析：考查时态及动词的用法。句意为“他已经去了科学实验室”。表示动作已发生，用现在完成时，A项表示去了某地，即人没在这儿；B项表示曾经去过某地，人已回来了。根据情境，应选A。答案：A4．—Which

would

you

like

to

drink,

coffee

or

orangejuice?—

.

Please

give

me

a

cup

of

tea.A．Neither

B．BothC．All

D．None解析：考查不定代词。all

表示“三者或三者以上都……”；both表示“两者都……”；neither表示“两者中的哪一个也不……”；none表示“毫无，没有人，没有任何东西”。根据答语句意“请给我一杯茶”和问句句意“你喜欢喝咖啡还是橙汁？”可推测咖啡和橙汁都不喜欢，故选A。答案：A5．Echo

for

half

a

month.She'll

come

back

intwo

months.A．left

B．leaveC．has

left D．has

been

away解析：考查动词时态。forhalfamonth为一段时间，动词需用延续性动词，并用现在完成时态。句意为“她将两个月后回来”。说明已经离开，排除A和B两项，C项不能与时间段连用。答案：D6．I've

all

the

photos

in the

drawer,

but

I

stillcan't

find

the

one

you

need.A．opened

up B．given

awayC．handed

out D．looked

through解析：考查动词短语的用法。open

up“开发，开始”；

give

away“赠送，给予”；hand

out“分给，分发”；

look

through“浏览，仔细查看”。由句意可知选D。答案：D7．—I

think

isboring

to

stay

at

home

all

day.—I

agree

with

you.A．it

B．this

C．that

D．they解析：考查it的用法。it在宾语从句中作形式主语，句意为“我认为整天待在家里是无聊的。”“我同意。”故选A。答案：A8

．

(2013·

兰州)—I'm

not

going

swimming

tomorrowafternoon.—

.

I

have

to

clean

up

my

bedroom.A．So

am

I B．Neither

am

IC．Neither

I

am D．So

I

am解析：考查倒装句。“Neither＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”意为“另一者也不……”；“So＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”意为“另一者也……”；“Neither＋主语＋系动词/助动词/情态动词”意为“……的确不这样”；“So＋主语＋系动词/助动词/情态动词”意为“……的确这样”。由句意可知选B项。答案：B9．—

She

has

gone

abroad,

？—No.

She

is

still

teaching

us

English

at

our

school

now.A．is

she B．isn't

sheC．has

she D．hasn't

she解析：考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循前肯后否，前否后肯的原则，且助动词要与主句一致，故选D项。答案：D10．—Would

you

like

to

have

cake?—No,

thanks.

I've

had

two.

That's

enough.A．other

B．others

C．another D．the

other解析：考查不定代词。another＋单数名词，表示“另一个”；theother＋复数名词＝theothers特指“其他的人或物”。答案：C二、完形填空(20

分)Have

you

ever

been

to

Rainbow

Bridge

in

Tokyo,Japan?Tokyo

is

famous

for

shopping

andBridge

is

another

great

place

to

visit

21

.Rainbowthe

TokyoTower

and

Mount

Fuji.It

is

a

pontoon

bridge(浮桥)3

the

Tokyo

Port.Rainbow

Bridge

was

completed

in

1993andsoonbecameanew

4

of

Tokyo.Rainbow

Bridge

is

white

and

the

lamps(灯)on

thebridge

have

5

different

colors—red,white,andgreen.If

you

go

there

at

night,you

will

6

theirbeauty.7

you

like

taking

photos,Rainbow

Bridge

is

agreat

place

foryou.The

bridge

has

walkways(人行通道)．If

you

walk

on

the

north

8

，you

will

see

theTokyo

Tower

and

many

tall

buildings.The

bridge

is

tothe

south

of

the

Tokyo

Tower.If

it

is

9

，you

can

alsosee

Mount

Fuji.10

，visitors

can

walk

on

it

for

free.1．A.

towersB．trafficC．food

D．sightseeing解析：句意为“东京以购物和观光而闻名”。故选D。答案：D2．A.

except

B．besidesC．between

D．in解析：句意为“除了东京塔和富士山，彩虹桥是另一个旅游的好地方”。except“除……之外(不包括)”；besides“除……之外(还)”，故选B。答案：B3．A.

on

B．under

C．over解析：桥横跨河面用介词over。D．through答案：C4

．

A.

symbolD．buildingB

．

placeC

．

city解析：此处是指彩虹桥成为东京一个新的象征，故symbol“象征，代号”符合题意。答案：A5．A.

one

B．two

C．three

D．four解析：由破折号后的“red，white，and green”知是三种颜色。答案：C6．A.

describe

B．enjoy

C．forget

D．change解析：句意为“如果你晚上去那儿，你将欣赏到它们(灯)的美”。enjoy“欣赏，享受……的乐趣”符合题意。答案：B7．A.

Unless

B．Because解析：此处if引导条件状语从句。C．WhenD．If答案：D8．A.

field

B．side

C．way

D．corner解析：句意为“如果走在桥的北侧，你将看到东京塔和许多高的建筑”。side“一侧，一边，边”符合题意。答案：B9．A.

windyB．sunnyC．cloudy

D．foggy解析：根据题意能看到富士山应该是在天气晴朗时，故用sunny。答案：B10．A. In

shortB．In

factC．By

the

way D．In

a

word解析：句意为“顺便说一下，游客可免费游彩虹桥”。by

the

way“顺便说一下”符合题意。答案：C三、阅读理解(10

分)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子的正误。正确的写“A”，错误的写“B”。When

I

was

a

boy, I

didn't

have any

hair

on

myhead.

So

I

was

very

shy.

I

liked

to

watch

my

friendsplay

in

the

park.

Sometimes

I

would

join

them,

butmost

of

the

time

I

just

watched

them

play.Every

day,

we

would

see

an

old

man

walking

in

thepark.

He

had

big

ears

and

no

hair.

We

thought

he

wasdumb(哑的).Every

time

when

my

friends

saw

him,they

would

say

loudly,“Hey,Mr.Dumb,what's

thetime？”But

they

got

no

answer.One

early

evening,

I

was

standing

outside

myhouse,

and

I

saw

the

old

man

coming.

I

was

not

withany

of

my

friends

and

there

were

no

other

kids

aroundto

say

the

usual

words

of

“greeting(问候)”．But

how

could

I

let

the

old

man

walk

by

withoutsaying

anything?

So

for

the

first

time,

I

asked,

“Hey,Mr.

Dumb,

what's

the

time？”The

old

man

looked

at

me.

Then

he

looked

at

hiswatch

and

answered，“It's

six

thirty.”

I

ran

into

myhouse

and

never

said

that

“greeting”

to

the

old

manafter

that

day.1．The

boy

often

played

with

his

friends

together.解析：根据第一段最后一句“Sometimes

I

would

jointhem,

but

most

of

the

time

I

just

watched

them

play.”可知“经常”在一起玩的说法是不正确的。答案：B2．The

boy's

friends

were

very

polite

to

the

old

man.解析：根据第二段的第三句“We

thought

he

was

dumb.”可知作者及孩子们故意问他“几点了？”可推知作者