高考英语阅读理解专项演练

高考英语阅读理解专项演练高考英语阅读理解专项演练高考英语阅读理解专项演练ShundagarhisavillageonIndia'seast-facingcoast.Itisavillageofsimplemudandgrasshousesbuiltonthebeachjustabovethewaterline.TheKhadraHillsriseimmediatelybehindthevillage,toaheightofonehundredandfiftymeters.Asimple,good-heartedoldman,whosenamewasJaipur,farmedtwosmallfieldsontheveryedgeofthesehills.Fromhisfieldshecouldseethefishingboatsthattravelledupanddownthecoast.Hecouldseethechildrenplayingonthesands;theirmotherswashingclothesontheflatstoneswheretheShivaRiverflowedintothesea;andtheirfatherslandingthelatestcatchorrepairingnetsandtellingstoriesthathadnoend.AllJaipurownedintheworldweretheclothesheworedayinanddayout,themiserable（蹩脚的）hutthathesleptinatnight,afewtoolsandcookingpots—andhislifewithoutgoodnutrition,medicalcareorhousingC.TheoldinAmericahavetoretireattheageof65D.Americansocialsecuritybenefitsarenotgood13.Fromthelastparagraphweknowthattheunderlinedword"in"canbereplacedby.A.seriousB.badC.disappearingslowlyD.growingfastDWhenshelookedahead,FlorenceChadwicksawnothingbutasolidwalloffog.Herbodywasnumb（麻木的）.Shehadbeenswimmingfornearlysixteenhours.AlreadyshewasthefirstwomantoswimtheEnglishChannelinbothdirections.Now,atage34,hergoalwastobecomethefirstwomantoswimfromCatalinaIslandtotheCaliforniacoast.OnthatfourthofJulymorningin1952,theseawaslikeanicebathandthefogwassothickthatshecouldhardlyseehersupportboats.Sharksswamtowardherlonefigure,onlytobedrivenawaybyrifleshots.Againstthefrigidgripofthesea,shestruggledon-hourafterhour-whilemillionswatchedonnationaltelevision.AlongsideFlorenceinoneoftheboats,hermotherandhertrainerofferedencouragement.Theytoldheritwasn/tmuchfarther.Butallshecouldseewasfog.Theyurgedhernottogiveup.Sheneverhad...untilthen.Withonlyahalfmiletogo,sheaskedtobepulledout.Stillthawing（使变温煦）herchilledbodyseveralhourslater,shetoldareporter,“Look,I'mnotexcusingmyself,butifIcouldhaveseenlandImighthavemadeit//Itwasnotfatigueoreventhecoldwaterthatdefeatedher.Itwasthefog.Shewasunabletoseehergoal.Twomonthslater,shetriedagain.Thistime,despitethesamedensefog,sheswamwithherfaithintact（完整无损的）andhergoalclearlypicturedinhermind.Sheknewthatsomewherebehindthatfogwaslandandthistimeshemadeit!FlorenceChadwickbecamethefirstwomantoswimtheCatalinaChannel,eclipsing（超越）themen'srecordbytwohours!Whydidn'tFlorenceswimacrosstheCatalinaChannelforthefirsttime?Becauseshewastootiredtogoonswimming.Becausethefogwassothickthatshecouldn/tseehersupportboatsclearly.Becauseshecouldn'tseethegoalonland.Becausetheseawaterwastoocold.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?Shehadneverbeensohopeless.Shehadneverthoughtofgivingup.Shehadneverseensuchathickfog.ShehadneverswumacrosstheChannelbefore.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?FlorenceChadwickspentlesstimeswimmingacrosstheCatalinaChannelthanmen.FlorenceChadwicksucceededinswimmingacrosstheCatalinaChannelinSeptember,1952.Peoplehadtousegunstodriveawaysomeflesh-eatinganimalsinthesea.NowomenbutFlorenceChadwickwereabletoswimtheEnglishChannelinbothdirections.Thetimeyouspendattheofficemaybethemoststressful（惊慌的）partofyourday,butitdoesn'thavetobe.Youhaveagreaterabilitytoshapeyourofficeenvironmentthanyoumayrealize.Takebreaksthroughouttheday.Itwillhelpclearyourmindandrelievepressure.Somethingassimpleasgoingtothewatercoolerforadrinkmaydothetrick.Takepartinanoontimeoranafter-workexerciseclass.Thiswillgiveyouachancetorelaxandawaytorelievestress.Tohelpyourworkdaygosmoothly,tryarrangingyouractivities:Domoredemandingworkinthemorning,whenyourenergylevelishigher,andeasierworklaterintheday,whenyoumaybetired.Trylisteningtomusicrecordings,suchasapoundingsurforsongbirds,tohelpyourelax.Suchtapesaresoldinmanyshops.Useheadphonesifyouarelisteningtotheminthemiddleoftheworkday.Gettoworkearlyorstaylateonceaweek.Youmaybeabletocompletemorewhenyouchangeyourdailywork.Ifyourstresscomesfromjobinsecurity,takestockofyourself.Renewyourknowledge,andremindyourselfofyourskillsandstrengths.Also,makesureyoukeepupwithnewdevelopmentsinyourfields.Thiswillmakeyouvaluabletoemployers.Don'tletrumors（谣言）atwork,whichareusuallyfalse,causeyouworry.Aco-workermayjustbethinkingoutloudaboutworst-caseimaginedevents.Ifyourofficeislessstructured（orifyouaretheboss）,consideracompanymascot（祥瑞物）.Acatordogcandowondersforworkers'morale.Whichofthefollowingcanworkoutyourstressatwork?Havingrestsduringtheday.Doinghardworkintheafternoon.Nevertolearnnewthings.Gettingupearlyorstayinguplate.Whichofthefollowinggroupsofwordshavethesamemeaninginthispassage?rumour—false;co-workers—companystress—pressure;relax-relieveemployer-boss;ability—activityrecording—songbirds;renew—remindThebesttitleforthispassageis•ThedisadvantagesatworkHowtoimproveyourworkHowtoreducestressatworkThegreatestproblem—stressatworkfields.Thecornthathegrewwasallthatmadelifepossible.Iftheweatherwaskindandtheharvestwasgood,Jaipurcouldlivehappilyenough-notwell,buthappily.Whenthesunwasfierce^ndtherewaslittleornorain,thenhecameclosetothelinebetweenlifeanddeath.Lastyeartheweatherhadbeensokind,andtheharvestpromisedtobesogood,thatJaipurhadbeenwonderingwhetherhecouldsellallthathehadandlivewithhissonfartherupthecoast.Hehadbeenthinkingaboutdoingthisforsomeyears.Itwashisdearestwishtospendhislastdayswithhissonandhiswife.Buthewouldgoonlyifhecouldgive;hewouldnotgoifitmeanttakingfoodoutofthemouthsofhisgrandchildren.Hewouldratherdiehungrythandothis.OnthedaywhenJaipurdecidedthathewouldharvesthiscorn,sellit,andmoveupthecoast,helookedouttoseaandsawahugewave,severalkilometersout^dvancingonthecoastandonthevillageofShundagarh.WithintenminuteseveryoneinShundagarhwouldbedrowned.Jaipurwouldhaveshouted^utthepeopleweretoofarawaytohear.Hewouldhaverundownthehill,buthewastoooldtorun.HewaspreparedtodoanythingtosavethepeopleofShundagarh,sohedidtheonlythingthathecoulddo:hesetfiretohiscorn.Inamatterofsecondstheflameswererisinghighandsmokewasrisinghigher.WithinaminutethepeopleofShundagarhwereracingupthehilltoseewhathadhappened.There,inthemiddleofhisblackenedcornfield,theyfoundJaipur;andtheretheyburiedhim.Onhisgraveztheywrotethewords:HereliesJaipur,amanwhogave,living:amanwhodied,giving.WhichofthefollowingcouldJaipurNOTseefromhisFields?Motherswashingclothes.Fatherstakingtheircorntomarket.Fishingboatstravelingonthesea.Childrenplayingonthesands.Whydidn'tJaipurlivewell?Hedidn'tworkhard.Hehadtoomanychildrentofeed.Heonlydependedongoodweatherandharvestforsurvival.Thevillagerskepttakinghiscorn.Jaipur'sdearestwishwasto.moveawayfromhissontakeavacationupthecoastmakeagreatdealofmoneyinordertoliveaneasylifespendhislastdayswithhissonandhiswifeWhatdidJaipurdowhenhesawthehugewave?HesethiscornonfiresothepeopleofShundagarhwouldleavethebeach.Hescreamedloudlytogetthevillagers/attention.Herandownthehilltotellthepeople.Hestoodstill,notknowingwhattodo.ThevillagerswerethankfultoJaipurbecausehehad■givenhislifeinordertosavetheirssavedtheirvillagefrombeingdrownedbythewavegiventhemmanythingsduringhislifegiventhemhiscorninordertosavethemfromhungerPeoplecanbeaddictedto（沉溺于）differentthings—e.g.alcohol,drug,certainfoods,oreventelevision.Peoplewhohavesuchanaddictionarecompulsive（0强迫的x）:theyhaveaverypowerfulpsychologicalneedthattheyfeeltheymustsatisfy.Accordingtopsychologists,manypeoplearecompulsivespenders.Theyfeelthattheymustspendmoney.Thiscompulsion,likemostothers,isimpossibletoexplainreasonably.Forcompulsivespenderswhobuyoncredit（以赊欠方式）,chargeaccountsareevenmoreexcitingthanmoney.Inotherwords,compulsivespendersfeelthatwithcredit,theycandoanything.Theirpleasureinspendinglargeamountsisactuallygreaterthanthepleasurethattheygetfromthethingstheybuy.Thereisevenaspecialpsychologyofbargainhunting.Tosavemoney,ofcourse,mostpeoplelookforsales,lowprices,anddiscounts.Compulsivebargainhunters,however,oftenbuythingsthattheydon/tneedjustbecausetheyarecheap.Theywanttobelievethattheyarehelpingtheirbudgets（预算），buttheyarereallyplayinganexcitinggame.Whentheycanbuysomethingforlessthanotherpeople,theyfeelthattheyarewinning.Mostpeople,expertsclaim,havetworeasonsfortheirbehavior:agoodreasonforthethingsthattheydoandtherealreason.Itisnotonlyscientists,ofcourse^hounderstandthepsychologyofspendinghabits,butalsobusinesspeople.Stores,companies,andadvertisersusepsychologytoincreasebusiness.Theyconsiderpeople'sneedsforlove,power,orinfluence,theirbasicvalues,theirbeliefsandopinions,andsoonintheiradvertisingandsalesmethods.Psychologistsoftenuseamethodcalled“behaviortherapy（疗法）“tohelpindividualssolvetheirpersonalityproblems.Inthesameway,theycanhelppeoplewhofeelthattheyhaveproblemswithmoney.Accordingtothepsychologists,acompulsivespenderisonewhospendslargeamountsofmoney.andtakesgreatpleasurefromwhatheorshebuysinordertosatisfyhisorherbasicneedsinlifejusttomeethisorherstrongpsychologicalneedandfeelsheorsheischeatedWhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?Peoplespendmoneyforexactlythesamereasonthattheyneedtobuythings.Businesspeopleandadvertiserscanusethepsychologyofpeople/sspendinghabitstoincreasesales.Businesspeopleunderstandthepsychologyofcompulsivebuyingbetterthanscientistsdo.Compulsivebargainhuntersdonothaveproblemswithmoney.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Thepsychologyofmoney-spendinghabits.Thehabitsofcompulsivespenders.Aspecialpsychologyofbargainhunting.Theuseofthepsychologyofspendinghabitsinbusiness.Fromthetextwemaysafelyconcludethatcompulsivespendersorcompulsivebargainhunters.arereallyunreasonableneedspecialtreatmentarereallybeyonddrugscannevergetanyhelptosolvetheirproblemswithmoneyHappybirthdayiDobirthdaysreallymakepeoplehappy?Ofcoursetheydo.Birthdayscelebratethedaywewereborn.Besides,thatextracandleonthecakesuggestsanotheryearofgrowthandmaturity（成熟）一orsowehope.Weallliketoimaginethatwe'regettingwiserandnotjustolder.Mostofusenjoyseeingthemiracle（奇迹）ofgrowthinothers,aswell.Forinstance,seeingourchildrendevelopandlearnnewthingsmakesusfeelproud.ForAmericans,likepeopleinmostcultures,growingupisawonderfulprocess（过程）.Butgrowingold?That'sadifferentstory.Growingoldisnotexactlypleasantforpeopleinyouth・oriented（以年轻人为中心）Americanculture.MostAmericansliketolookyoung,actyoungandfeelyoung.Astheoldsayinggoes「You'reasyoungasyoufeel."Olderpeoplejokeabouthowmanyyearsyoungtheyare,ratherthanhowmanyyearsold.Peopleinsomecountriesvaluetheagedasasourceofexperienceandwisdom.ButAmericansseemtofavorthosethatareyoung,oratleast“youngatheart.”ManyolderAmericansfindthe“goldenyears”tobeanythingbutgolden.Economically,^seniorcitizens“oftenstrugglejusttogetby.Retirement（退