河南省部分重点学校2022-2023学年高三上学期9月联考英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

第1页/共1页2023届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试9月联考英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题的答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂熙。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．WhatwillthespeakersprepareforJenny'sbirthday?A．Abike.B．Adress.C．Abook.2．WhenwillthemanleaveforEngland?A．InFebruary.B．InJune.C．InDecember.3．Whatisthewomanlikelytodotomorrow?A．Finishherhomework.B．Meetfamousstars.C．Gotoaconcert.4．Whatwillthewomanworkasaftergraduation?A．Anengineer.B．Anassistant.C．Adirector.5．Whichchanneldoesthewoman'sfriendrecommend?A．Channel9.B．Channel10.C．Channel11.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟﹔听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．WhatdoesTomlikebestaboutthenewhouse?A．Thebedrooms.B．Thekitchen.C．Thesittingroom.7．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Mumandson.B．Teacherandstudent.C．Hostessandguest.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Wholostthecellphone?A．Tom.B．Jack.C．Peter.9．Wherearethespeakersnowprobably?A．InJessica'soffice.B．Inthemainoffice.C．InPeter'soffice.10．Whatwillthemandonext?A．Waitforthecall.B．GotoPeter'soffice.C．GototheLostandFound.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。11．Howdidthemanfeelaboutthesteak?A．Disappointed．B．Satisfied．C．Excited.12．Whatwouldthemanlikewithhischeeseburgers?A．Soup.B．Salad．C．Frenchfries.13.Howmuchdidthemanpayaltogether?A．$6.88.B．$3.12.C．$10.14．Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A．Hepreferstodrinktea．B．Hewilleatintherestaurant.C．Hehasbeentotherestaurantbefore.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15．Whatdidthewomanusetobe?A．Achef.B．Apersonaltrainer.C．Alifestylepersuader.16．WhatistrueaboutKimee?A．Shehasapassionforeverything.B．Sheeatssweetssometimes.C．Sheisstrugglingwithherjob.17．WhatdoesKimeesayaboutbalance?A．Alifestyle.B．Adiet.C．Arelaxation.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whoarethetargetaudience?A．Students.B．Teachers.C．Parents.19．Whatisagoodwaytoholdtheaudience'sinterest?A．Usingamicrophone.B．Slowingdownyourpace.C．Varyingyourtone.20．Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A．Thefunctionofmicrophones.B．Therulesoftheclass.C．Theadviceforgivingaclass.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题﹔每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文、从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhenwefirststartedresearchingecotourisminSpain,weweresurprisedtoseehowmanyamazingopportunitiesitofferedforoutdoorrecreation.SierraNevadaNationalParkBeingthelargestnationalparkinSpain,itoffersalotmorethantheskiingforwhichitisbestknown.With20+peaksover3,000meterstall,theparkhasspectacularscenery,aswellasnumerousnaturalmineralspringsandmorethan50mountainlakes.Thepark’sdiverseecosystemsarehometo2,100plantspecies(60ofwhichareuniquetothearea).SomiedoNaturalParkSomiedoNaturalParkistheonlyplacewhereyoucanseeCantabrianBrownBearsinthewild.Theyareknownas“thelittlestgrizzly(灰熊)”.Spain’sBrownBearFoundationhasbeenaleadingforceinpreservingthetroubledpopulation.Thankfully,theirnumbershaveriseninrecentyearstoaround150bears.CantabrianCoastCantabriancoasthas17cavesfullofPalaeolithicCaveArtdatingbackto35,000—9.000BA.ThemostfamousoftheseisAltamiraCave,whichisknownasthe“SistineChapelofQuaternaryArt”.Theartthereincludeshundredsofanimalsthatwerecreatedsome14,000yearsago.Thenumberofvisitorsislimitedto9,000peryear.CabreraNationalParkThis100squarekmparkisaboutasremoteadestinationasanynaturelovercouldhopetovisit.Duetoitsisolation,thecoastallandscapeofthese19islandshasremainedrelativelyunchanged.Theareaisperfectforwatchingwildlife,scubadiving,andsimplysurroundingyourselfinthebeautyofnature.Accesstotheparkislimitedtojust200peopleadaytominimizeenvironmentalimpact.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoinSierraNevadaNationalPark?A.Goskiing. B.Watchwildlife. C.Enjoycaveart. D.Swiminmountainlakes.2.WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoseeaCantabrianBrownBear?A.SierraNevadaNationalPark.B.SomiedoNaturalPark.C.CantabrianCoast.D.CabreraNationalPark.3.WhatdoCantabrianCoastandCabreraNationalParkhaveincommon?A.Theyareremote.B.Theyattractdivinglovers.C.Theyhaveancientart.D.Theylimitthenumberofvisitors.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了可以去西班牙生态旅游的四个公园。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段首句“BeingthelargestnationalparkinSpain,itoffersalotmorethantheskiingforwhichitisbestknown.(作为西班牙最大的国家公园，它提供的不仅仅是最著名的滑雪项目。)”可知，游客可以在内华达山脉国家公园滑雪。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段首句“SomiedoNaturalParkistheonlyplacewhereyoucanseeCantabrianBrownBearsinthewild.(SierraNevadaNationalPark是唯一可以看到野生坎塔布里安棕熊的地方。)”可知，如果想看坎塔布里安棕熊，游客可以去SierraNevadaNationalPark。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段末句“Thenumberofvisitorsislimitedto9,000peryear.(每年参观人数限制在9000人以内。)”以及末段末句“Accesstotheparkislimitedtojust200peopleadaytominimizeenvironmentalimpact.(为了尽量减少对环境的影响，每天只能有200人进入公园。)”可知，CantabrianCoast和CabreraNationalPark的共同点是都对游客数量进行了限制。故选D。BSuzanneDeYoungworkedasalibrarianandteacherfor35yearsinnorthernMinnesota,butshe’snowretiredandhaslivedinWestSt.Paulforfiveyears.Shekickedoffspring2021bycreatingaLittleFreeSeedLibrary.Heryardisalreadyagardener’sparadise,butshesharedthatlovebyofferingupliterallythousandsofseedstoherneighbors.SuzannevisitedPetalumaSeedBank,whichgavehertheideaoftheseedlibrary.“It’salighthouseforthegardeners.Besidesvarietiesofseeds,thebankalsoprovidessustainableproducts,gardeningtoolsandexpertadvice.AndIseethevalueofsharingseeds.”shesaid.Alltheseedshadtobesortedanddried.Sheboughtsmallenvelopes,labeledthem,andputthedriedseedsinthem.Shehadhundredsofenvelopesfilledwithseeds.Shefoundtheoldmailboxesandthenpaintedthem.Thecontainersinsideholdingtheenvelopeswerefromcookies.Suzannehasmanypeoplestopandtalktoherabouttheprojectandshehopestobringtheneighborhoodtogetherthroughtheseedlibrary.Ithaswarmedherhearttoseeparentsandchildrenstopandlookthroughtheseeds.TheLittleFreeSeedLibraryhasbeenadestinationforthepastmonth.Ithadpositivereactionsandremarksfromherneighbors.Theywereamazedtoseehowdoingsomethingsosimpleascollectingseedscouldstimulateconversationaboutplantsandwiderenvironmentalissues.“Gardeningisseeinglife.Planttheseed,waterit,andwatchitgrow.Itisafunactivitythatdoesn’tcostanythingexceptforsometime.”shetoldpeoplewhopickedupseedsfromtheseedlibrary.4.WhatinspiredSuzannetostarttheLittleFreeSeedLibrary?A.Herretirementlife.B.Thevarietiesofseeds.CAvisittoaseedbank.D.Herneighbors’encouragement.5.WhatdoesSuzanneexpecttodothroughtheproject?A.Bringthecommunitytogether.B.Makeherprojectbetterknown.C.Offerchildrenafunplacetoplay.D.Promoteenvironmentalawareness.6.WhatdoesSuzannesayaboutgardening?A.Itistoughwork.B.Itisfunandcheap.C.Itcallsformoneyandenergy.D.Itmakesalotofmoney.7.Whereisthetextlikelytakenfrom?A.Anadvertisement.B.Abookreview.C.Abiography.D.Anewspaper.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了苏珊娜建立种子图书馆的原因，目的以及她对园艺的评价。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段首句“SuzannevisitedPetalumaSeedBank,whichgavehertheideaoftheseedlibrary.(苏珊娜参观了佩塔卢马种子银行，这给了她建立种子图书馆的想法)”可知，一次去种子银行的参观给了她建立种子图书馆的想法。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段首句“Suzannehasmanypeoplestopandtalktoherabouttheprojectandshehopestobringtheneighborhoodtogetherthroughtheseedlibrary.(苏珊娜有很多人停下来和她谈论这个项目，她希望通过种子图书馆把社区聚集在一起)”可知，苏珊娜希望通过种子图书馆把社区聚集在一起。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据末段第三句“Itisafunactivitythatdoesn’tcostanythingexceptforsometime.(这是一个有趣的活动，不需要花费任何东西，除了一些时间)”可知，苏珊娜认为园艺是有趣而且不花钱的活动。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。纵观全文，本文讲述了苏珊娜建立种子图书馆的原因，目的以及她对园艺的评价。由此推知，这是一篇关于人物的报道。故选D。CScientistsrecentlyannouncedtheworld’stiniestremote-controlledrobots.Smallenoughtositonthesideofapenny,therobotscanbecontrolledbyalaser(激光).Thescientistssayonedayrobotslikethesemaybeabletoworkinareastoosmallfortools.Lastweek,researchersatNorthwesternUniversityrevealeddetailsonseveraltinyrobotstheyhavecreated.Thetiniestisshapedlikeacrabandisjusthalfamillimeter(about1/50ofaninch)wide.Thecrabismadeupofdifferentlayers.Thelayersgivethematerialtwopositionsthatitcanbein.Whenthestiff(坚硬)glasslayerissoftened,therubberylayerbendsthematerial.Butwhenthestifflayerhardensagain,itsnapsbacktoitsoldposition.Thescientistscallthis“shape-memory”.Thetricktogettingthestiffglasslayertosoftenistowarmitupwithalaser.Becausetherobotsaresotiny,theirpartsheatupandcooldownveryquickly.Bywarmingupdifferentpartsoftherobots,thescientistscanmakethemmoveindifferentways.Theresearcherssaytheirrobotscancrawl,walk,turn,andevenjump.Therobotsaren’tsuperspeedy.Butgiventheirtinysize,they’realsonottooslow.Ittakesthecrabsabout20secondstocover1centimeter(26secondstocoverhalfaninch).Rightnowtherobotsaren’tallthatuseful.Alltheycandoismove,andtheyneedtobeinaplacewherelaserscanshineonthemtodothat.Butthescientistssaytheserobotsareanimportantsteptowardcreatingmorehelpfultinyrobots.Theresearcherssaythatonedaytinyrobotslikethesemightbeabletoworkinverysmallspaces.It’spossiblethattheycouldtravelinsidethehumanbodytohelpdealwithmedicalproblems.Usingsimilarbuildingmethods,thescientistscreatedanumberofdifferentrobots,includingonesthatlookedlikeworms,beetles,andcrickets.JohnRodgers,oneofthescientists,saysthattheirmethodsallowthemto“buildwalkingrobotswithalmostanysizesor3Dshapes.”8.Whatmakesthemovementsofthetinycrabrobotpossible?A.Itssmallsize. B.Itsspecialshape. C.Theuseofalaser. D.Differentpositionsitcanbein.9.What’sthedisadvantageofthecrabrobot?A.Itspresentlimitedapplication.B.Itsslowspeedofmoving.C.Itsrestrictedmovementtypes.D.Itscomplicatedworkingprinciple.10.Whatisthepotentialuseofthetinyrobotsaccordingtothetext?A.Tohelpwithdangeroustasks.B.Toworkindarkplaces.C.Toinspirethecreationofbigrobots.D.Toassistdoctorswithoperations.11.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.laserAppliedintheAlFieldB.World’sTiniestRemote-controlledRobotC.EffortsofResearchersatTinyRobotsD.LatestDiscoveriesinHigh-tech【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了世界上最小的遥控机器人的原理，局限以及潜在用途。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据首段第二句“Smallenoughtositonthesideofapenny,therobotscanbecontrolledbyalaser(激光).(这些机器人小到可以放在硬币的侧面，可以用激光控制。)”以及第六段第二句“Alltheycandoismove,andtheyneedtobeinaplacewherelaserscanshineonthemtodothat.(它们所能做的就是移动，它们需要在一个激光能照到它们的地方才能移动。)”可知，激光的使用使微型螃蟹机器人的运动成为可能。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段第二句“Rightnowtherobotsaren’tallthatuseful.Alltheycandoismove,andtheyneedtobeinaplacewherelaserscanshineonthemtodothat.(现在的机器人并没有那么有用。它们所能做的就是移动，它们需要在一个激光能照到它们的地方才能移动。)”可知，螃蟹机器人只有在激光能照到它们的地方才能移动，从而导致它的应用有限。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Theresearcherssaythatonedaytinyrobotslikethesemightbeabletoworkinverysmallspaces.It’spossiblethattheycouldtravelinsidethehumanbodytohelpdealwithmedicalproblems.(研究人员表示，有一天，像这样的微型机器人可能能够在非常小的空间里工作。它们有可能进入人体内，帮助解决医疗问题。)”可知，微型机器人的潜在用途是协助医生做手术。故选D。【11题详解】标题判断题。根据首段首句“Scientistsrecentlyannouncedtheworld’stiniestremote-controlledrobots.(科学家最近宣布了世界上最小的遥控机器人。)”可知，本文主要介绍了世界上最小的遥控机器人。故选B。DWeliveinaworldofcountlessreminders,andconstantpushnotifications(通知).Everyserviceseemstobecompetingforourattentionallthetime.Asitturnsout,allthisdistractionmaycomeatamassivecost,butyoudon’tevenrealizeit.ThefindingsfromnewresearchatOhioStateUniversitywerepublishedintheJournalofExperimentalPsychology:HumanPerceptionandPerformance.Dozensofparticipantsweregivenasimple-soundingtask.Lookatascreenoffourcoloredsquares.Onewillbeoutlinedinwhite-payattentiontothatone.Afterthesesquaresflashonthescreenforameretenthofasecond,pickthecolorthatyourememberfromacolorwheel.Despitetherapidspeedofsuchwork,thehumanbrainexcels(擅长)atthistask.“Peoplearequitegoodatthis,surprisinglygood!”saysJulieGolumb,associateprofessorofpsychologyatOhioStateUniversity.Theygotquitegoodatit,toapoint.Researchersthrewawrenchbyintroducinganintentionaldistractor.Ofthefoursquares,onewouldbeoutlinedinwhite,butthenanother—thedistractor—wouldbesurroundedinwhitedots.Despitebeinginstructedtoignorethedistractor,subjectsjustcouldn’thelpit.Mostofthetime,theystillrecalledthecolor.Butabout20%to30%ofthetime,theyactuallyreportedthedistractorcolorasthecorrectone,unawareoftheerror.AsGolumbemphasizes,findingsliketheseareabigdeal.We’velongknownbalancingtoomanytaskscanslowdownourthinking.Butthefactthatitcanliterallyrecolorourmemoriesshouldgiveuspause,becausethere’snotafundamentaldifferencebetweencoloredsquaresandrealversusfakenewsheadlinesonsocialmedia．“Ifyou’retryingtopayattentiontomultiplethings,you’renotgoingtobeasgoodatifitwereoneatatime,”shesays.“We’veknownforalong-timemultitaskingmightslowyoudown,butourresearchshows,it’snotjustyoumightbesloweddown;itmightaffectwhatyou’reperceivinginthemoment.”12.Whattaskweretheparticipantsgiven?A.Distinguishdifferentcolorsofsquares.B.Putthesquaresofacolorintogroups.C.Pickoutthesquarecoloroutlinedinwhite.D.Figureoutwhatyourememberfromacolorwheel.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“threwawrench”inparagraph4mean?A.Assessedtheexperiment.B.Addedthedifficulty.C.Overturnedtheresult.D.Discoveredthetruth.14.WhatmethoddoesGolumbusetoemphasizeheropinioninparagraph5?A.Makingacomparison.B.Givingexamples.C.Followingtimeorder.D.Makingclassifications.15.What’sJulieGolumb’sattitudetomulti-tasking?A.Suspicious. B.Unconcerned. C.Optimisti D.Negative.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。通过研究发现，参与者很容易挑出用白色勾勒出的方形颜色，但是当加入干扰项之后，他们就会出错。说明了多任务不仅放慢速你的度，还可能会影响你此刻的感知。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Dozensofparticipantsweregivenasimple-soundingtask.Lookatascreenoffourcoloredsquares.Onewillbeoutlinedinwhite-payattentiontothatone.Afterthesesquaresflashonthescreenforameretenthofasecond,pickthecolorthatyourememberfromacolorwheel.(数十名参与者被分配了一项听起来很简单的任务。看一个有四个彩色方块的屏幕。一个会用白色标出——注意那个。当这些方块在屏幕上闪烁仅仅十分之一秒后，从色轮中选出你记得的颜色。)”可知，参与者被要求挑出用白色勾勒出的方形颜色。故选C。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Theygotquitegoodatit,toapoint.Researchersthrewawrenchbyintroducinganintentionaldistractor.Ofthefoursquares,onewouldbeoutlinedinwhite,butthenanother—thedistractor—wouldbesurroundedinwhitedots.Despitebeinginstructedtoignorethedistractor,subjectsjustcouldn’thelpit.(在某种程度上，他们做得很好。研究人员通过引入一个故意的干扰物来。在四个正方形中，一个用白色勾勒，但另一个——干扰物——会被白点包围。尽管被要求忽略干扰物，但参与者还是忍不住注意干扰物。)”可知，“by”引导的方式状语是解题的关键。上文提到了参与者很擅长前面的实验，此时研究人员们通过加入一个故意设置的分散注意力的因素加大了实验的难度，下一句对该句进行了进一步的说明，具体讲怎么增加的难度，可得出引入一个故意的干扰物是为了增加难度的。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段末句“Butthefactthatitcanliterallyrecolorourmemoriesshouldgiveuspause,becausethere’snotafundamentaldifferencebetweencoloredsquaresandrealversusfakenewsheadlinesonsocialmedia.(但它确实可以重新给我们的记忆上色，这一事实应该让我们三思，因为在社交媒体上，彩色方块和真实新闻标题与虚假新闻标题之间并没有根本的区别。)”可知，Golumb将实验和现实生活中对待新闻标题进行类比，来强调她的意见。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据末段““Ifyou’retryingtopayattentiontomultiplethings,you’renotgoingtobeasgoodatifitwereoneatatime,”shesays.“We’veknownforalongtimemultitaskingmightslowyoudown,butourresearchshows,it’snotjustyoumightbesloweddown;itmightaffectwhatyou’reperceivinginthemoment.”(她说：“如果你试图关注多件事，比起如果一次只关注一件事，你的表现就不会那么好。”“我们早就知道多任务处理可能会减慢你的速度，但我们的研究表明，不仅你可能会放慢速度；它可能会影响你此刻的感知。”)”可知，JulieGolumb的言语中侧重讲说多任务的缺点：不仅放慢速你的度，还可能会影响你此刻的感知。故JulieGolumb对于多任务的态度是否定的。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Eatingasmindfullyaswedoinamindfulnesscourseisnotrealisticformanyofus,especiallywithdistractionsaroundus.Herearefivesimpleguidelinestobringourbodiesandmindsbacktogether.Letyourbodycatchuptoyourbrain.___16___.Thebodyactuallysendsitssatiation(饱食)signalabout20minutesafterthebrain,whichiswhyweoftenunconsciouslyovereat.Simplewaystoslowdownmightjustincludechewingeachbite25timesormoreandsettingyourforkdownbetweenbites.___17___.Toooften,weeatwhenourmindtellsusto.Ratherthanjusteatingwhenwegetemotionalsignals.whichmaybedifferentforeachofus.betheystress,sadness,orevenjustboredom,wecanlistentoourbodies.Isyourstomachgrowling?Ordoyoufeelalittledizzy?Understandyourmotivations.Aswepracticeeatingmorehealthilyandagreatervarietyoffoods,wearelesslikelytorelyonlyonourcomfortfoods,andmorelikelytoenjoyhealthyfoods,ultimatelyfindingmanyfoodsmentallyandphysicallysatisfyingasopposedtojustafew.___18___.Connectmoredeeplywithyourfood.Manyofusdon’tevenconsiderwhereamealcomesfrombeyondthesupermarketpackaging.Thisisaloss,becauseeatingconnectsusmoredeeplytothenaturalworldandpeopleinvolvedinthemeal.___19___.Withjustalittlemoremindfulnesslikethis,wemaybegintomakewiserchoicesaboutsustainabilityandhealthinourfood,notjustforusbutforthewholeplanet.Attendtoyourplate.Multitaskingandeatingisarecipefornotbeingabletolistendeeplytoourbody’sneedsandwants.___20___,andbeforethecomingattractionsareover,weareaskingwhoateallofit.Withyournextmeal,trysingle-taskingandjusteating.A.Knowyourbody’spersonalhungersignalsB.PayspecialattentiontoyoureatinghabitsC.WecanfindfoodsthatarebothsatisfyingandcomfortingD.Whenwepausetoconsiderthat,it’shardnottofeelgratefulE.Youdon’thavetoplanyourfooddowntoeachbiteatspecialoccasionsF.SlowingdownisthebestwaywecangetourmindandbodytocommunicateG.We’veallhadtheexperienceofgoingtothemovieswithourbagfullofpopcorn【答案】16.F17.A18.C19.D20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了五种用心饮食的方法。【16题详解】标题“Letyourbodycatchuptoyourbrain.(让你的身体跟上你的大脑。)”为中心句。结合选项，F项“慢下来是我们让我们的脑海和身体交流的最好方式”照应中心句，说明大脑和身体的关系。故选F。【17题详解】下文“Toooften,weeatwhenourmindtellsusto.Ratherthanjusteatingwhenwegetemotionalsignals.whichmaybedifferentforeachofus.betheystress,sadness,orevenjustboredom,wecanlistentoourbodies.(很多时候，我们都是在我们的大脑告诉我们该吃的时候才吃。而不仅仅是在收到情绪信号的时候吃。这对我们每个人来说可能是不同的。无论是压力、悲伤，甚至只是无聊，我们都可以倾听自己的身体。)”介绍我们饥饿的信号是大脑发出的，要倾听身体内部的饥饿信号，而不是一得到如压力、悲伤甚至无聊等情绪信号时就开始进食。结合选项，A项“了解你身体的饥饿信号”照应下文，我们应当了解身体的饥饿信号，而不是因为其他信号才吃东西。故选A。【18题详解】前文“Aswepracticeeatingmorehealthilyandagreatervarietyoffoods,wearelesslikelytorelyonlyonourcomfortfoods,andmorelikelytoenjoyhealthyfoods,ultimatelyfindingmanyfoodsmentallyandphysicallysatisfyingasopposedtojustafew.(当我们练习吃得更健康、更多样化的食物时，我们就不太可能只依赖于舒适的食物，而更有可能享受健康的食物，最终发现许多食物在心理和身体上都能满足，而不是只有少数几种。)”介绍我们最终都会找到在心理和身体上都能满足我们的食物。结合选项，C项“我们可以找到既满足又舒适的食物”承接上文，语意一致。故选C。【19题详解】前文“Thisisaloss,becauseeatingconnectsusmoredeeplytothenaturalworldandpeopleinvolvedinthemeal.(这是一种损失，因为吃饭将我们与自然世界以及与吃饭有关的人更深地联系在一起。)”介绍吃饭的深层意义。结合选项，D项“当我们停下来思考这个问题时，很难不感到感激”承接上文，而且D项中的“that”指代前文的“eatingconnectsusmoredeeplytothenaturalworldandpeopleinvolvedinthemeal”。故选D。【20题详解】空后“andbeforethecomingattractionsareover,weareaskingwhoateallofit.(在即将到来的电影结束之前，我们会问是谁把它都吃光了)”介绍电影院中的情境。结合选项，G项“我们都有过带着满满一袋子爆米花去看电影的经历”符合语境，逻辑一致。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Haynes,whostilllivesinLadbrokeGrove,nowrunsbreakfastclubsandfreelunchesinPaddington.EveryWednesday,Haynes___21___afullEnglishbreakfastforthe50-stronggroup.OnSaturdays,it’sathree-courselunch.“Idohome-madesoup,acookeddinnerwithmeatandtwovegsandpudding.”shesays.OnThursdays,sheoffersafoodbagwith___22___thatpeoplecantakehomeand___23___themselves.Butifpeopleare___24___orcan’tcook,she’llmakethemready-mealsandsandwiches.Sheadds:“Mywholelifeis___25___byfood.InnorthPaddington,people___26___meintheirphonebookas‘Jacquidinnerlady’.”“Demandhasonly___27___.WhenuniverssalcreditwasintroducedIhadtobuytwoextrafridgesto___28___thedemand,”Haynessays.Whenthepandemicbegan,shehadtopurchaseanextrafreezerbecause“weneededmore___29___.Somepeoplewere____30____tocomeoutofthehouse,sowehadtomakeextra____31____.”Sheisconcernedabouttherising____32____ofliving.“Foodisgettingsoexpensive,”saysHaynes.“Peoplearepaying￡7aday____33____forgasontheirmeters.Andthat’sgoingtogoupwhenitgets____34____.”Onaverage,Haynes____35____about50peopleaday,butshe____36____toseethatrisecomeinwinter.WhateverHaynesdoes.shedoesit____37____.“Ibelieveitisnotwithoutanyreward.You’llgetbacktentimeswhatyou____38____,”shesays.Inadditiontoherworkatthefoodbank,she____39____asupportserviceinNorthKensington,offeringpeoplehelpwithlegalissues,advocacyandschoolappeals,andsheis____40____involvedinthepost-GrenfellTowerrecoveryeffort.21.A.provides B.purchases C.charges D.preserves22.A.snacks B.items C.fruits D.salads23.A.save B.collect C.restore D.cook24.A.special B.poor C.homeless D.lost25.A.strengthened B.surrounded C.created D.threatened26.A.remember B.admit C.remove D.put27.A.increased B.settled C.remained D.disappeared28.A.takeinto B.dealwith C.applyto D.counton29.A.influence B.privilege C.information D.supplies30.A.frightened B.disappointed C.concerned D.shocked31.A.attractions B.necessities C.deliveries D.regulations32.A.popularity B.fame C.status D.cost33.A.almost B.even C.just D.partly34.A.dark B.cold C.late D.cool35.A.feeds B.employs C.interviews D.follows36.A.intends B.expects C.continues D.determines37.A.inturn B.byaccident C.forfree D.onaverage38.A.distribute B.produce C.give D.guarantee39.A.illustrates B.ignores C.identifies D.operates40.A.heavily B.individually C.literally D.normally【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.B26.D27.A28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.C34.B35.A36.B37.C38.C39.D40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了海恩斯不仅为人们提供免费食物，还经营着一家支持服务机构，为人们提供法律问题、宣传和学校申诉方面的帮助。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周三，海恩斯都会为这50多人提供全套英式早餐。A.provides提供；B.purchases购买；C.charges负责；D.preserves维护。根据前文“Haynes,whostilllivesinLadbrokeGrove,nowrunsbreakfastclubsandfreelunches”可知，海恩斯为人们提供早餐。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：周四，她提供一个装着食材的食品袋，人们可以带回家自己做饭。A.snacks小吃；B.items物品；C.fruits水果；D.salads沙拉。根据前文“Idohome-madesoup”可知，她提供可带回家自制的汤，所以她把食材装在食品袋里。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：周四，她提供一个装着食材的食品袋，人们可以带回家自己做饭。A.save节省；B.collect收集；C.restore恢复；D.cook做饭。根据前文“Idohome-madesoup”可知，她提供可带回家自制的汤，所以她把食材装在食品袋里，人们可以带回家自己做。故选D。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果有人无家可归或不会做饭，她会给他们做即食食品和三明治。A.special特别的；B.poor贫穷的；C.homeless无家可归的；D.lost迷失的。根据本句“she’llmakethemready-mealsandsandwiches”可知，她会给做即食食品和三明治的人应是无家可归的人或者不会做饭的人。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充道：“我的整个生活都被食物包围着”。A.strengthened加强；B.surrounded包围；C.created创造；D.threatened威胁。根据前文“Haynes,whostilllivesinLadbrokeGrove,nowrunsbreakfastclubsandfreelunchesinPaddington.”以及“Idohome-madesoup,acookeddinnerwithmeatandtwovegsandpudding”可知，她一日三餐都在做饭，她的生活被食物包围。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在北帕丁顿，人们在他们的电话簿上称呼我为‘雅基晚餐小姐’。A.remember记得；B.admit承认；C.remove移除；D.put放。根据空后“meintheirphonebook”可知，把我放到电话簿里。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“需求只会增加。当普遍的赊购被引入时，我不得不额外买了两台冰箱来应对需求，”海恩斯说。A.increased增加；B.settled解决；C.remained保持不变；D.disappeared消失。根据下文“Ihadtobuytwoextrafridgesto8thedemand”可知，额外买了两台冰箱来应对需求，可知需求增加。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“需求只会增加。当普遍的赊购被引入时，我不得不额外买了两台冰箱来应对需求，”海恩斯说。A.takeinto纳入；B.dealwith应对；C.applyto运用；D.counton依赖。根据前文“Demandhasonly7.”可知，需求增加，海恩斯额外买了两台冰箱来应对。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当大流行病开始时，她不得不购买一个额外的冰柜，因为“我们需要更多的供应”。A.influence影响；B.privilege特权；C.information信息；D.supplies供应。根据本句“Whenthepandemicbegan,shehadtopurchaseanextrafreezer”可知，大流行病开始导致需求增加，所以他们需要提供更多的供应。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些人害怕走出家门，所以我们不得不额外送货。A.frightened害怕的；B.disappointed失望的；C.concerned担心的；D.shocked震惊的。根据前文“thepandemicbegan”可知，大流行病开始，人们为避免感染，害怕走出家门。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人害怕走出家门，所以我们不得不额外送货。A.attractions吸引；B.necessities必需品；C.deliveries派送；D.regulations规章制度。根据本句“Somepeoplewere10tocomeoutofthehouse”可知，人们害怕走出家门，所以我们不得不额外送货。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她担心生活成本的上升。A.popularity受欢迎；B.fame名誉；C.status地位；D.cost成本。根据下文“Foodisgettingsoexpensive”可知，食物变贵，生活成本增加。故选D。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们每天要为仪表上的汽油支付7英镑。A.almost几乎；B.even甚至；C.just仅仅；D.partly部分地。根据前文“Foodisgettingsoexpensive”可知，仅汽油就要7英镑。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当天气变冷时，它会上升。A.dark黑的；B.cold冷的；C.late晚的；D.cool冷酷的。根据常识可知，当天气变冷时，汽油价格会上升。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：海恩斯平均每天为大约50人提供食物，但她预计冬天会增加。A.feeds为……提供食物；B.employs雇佣；C.interviews采访；D.follows跟随。根据前文“Haynes,whostilllivesinLadbrokeGrove,nowrunsbreakfastclubsandfreelunchesinPaddington.”可知，海恩斯为人们提供食物。故选A。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：海恩斯平均每天为大约50人提供食物，但她预计冬天会增加。A.intends打算；B.expects预计；C.continues继续；D.determines决定。根据常识可知，天气变冷，人们更不容易得到食物。所以她预计冬天吃饭人数会增加。故选B。【37题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她是免费的。A.inturn轮流；B.byaccident偶然；C.forfree免费；D.onaverage平均下来。根据前文“Haynes,whostilllivesinLadbrokeGrove,nowrunsbreakfastclubsandfreelunchesinPaddington