江苏省南京市六校联合体2021-2022学年高二下学期期末联考英语含解析

2021-2022学年高二第二学期六校联合体期末联考试题

英语试卷

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.15.C.£9.18.

答案是B。

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatdidthewomanjustdo?

A.Shelookedforabackpack.

B.Shedidherhomework.

C.Shetooksomeexercise.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Hiya,whafsinthebigbackpack?

W:Oh,Tmjustcomingbackfrommyfirstyogaclass.

M:Ohyeah?How'dyoufindit?

W:YeahitwaswayharderthanIthoughtitwasgoingtobe.I'mexhausted!

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

WhatdoesthewomanthinkofJane'sleaving?

A.Itissurprising.B.Itisn'tunexpected.C.Itisdisappointing.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Chris,haveyouheardaboutJane'sleaving?

M:Really?Howdoyouknowthat?

W:Shetoldme.Actually,I'mnotassurprisedasyouare.Idon'tthinksheishappyhere.

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Howmuchwillthemanpayforthebackpack?

A.Threedollars.B.Twodollars.C.Fourdollars.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Excuseme,canweleaveourbackpackandsuitcasehere?

W:OK.That's4dollarsforthesuitcaseand3dollarsfbrthebackpack.

M:Fine,thanks.Wellcomeandgetthemaround2thisafternoon.

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whattimeofdayisit?

A.It'sbreakfasttime.B.It'slunchtime.C.It'sbedtime.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Don'tforgettobrushyourteeth,sweetheart.

W:Okay,dad.Willyoureadmeastory?

M:I'dbegladto.Tilreadyouyourfavoriteswhenyougetunderthecovers.

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whycan'tthewomanmeettheman?

A.Shehastogethercarfixed.

B.Sheisvisitingacustomer.

C.Shehasamedicalappointment.

【答案】A

【解析】

［原文］W:David,Iwon'tbeabletomeetyouintheafternoon.Ihavetotakemycartotherepairshop.

M:That'sOK.ThatwayI'llhavetimetoseemydoctoraftervisitingacustomer.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6.Whatisthewoman'sfinaldestination?

A.NewYork.B.SanFrancisco.C.LosAngeles.

7.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?

A.Shewantsadirectflight.

B.Sheneedn'tpayextracharge.

C.ShemissedherflighttoNewYork.

【答案】6.C7.B

【解析】

【原文】W:IsthereanywayIcangettoLosAngelesassoonaspossible?MyflightfromNewYorkdidn't

arriveontime,soImissedmyconnectingflight.

M:Well,letmecheck.Wedon'thaveanydirectflights,butifyou'rewillingtostopoverinSanFrancisco,there's

aflightleavingin20minutes.Thatwillbeyourbestchoicefornow.

W:AslongasitgetsmetoLosAngelesinonepiece,Filtakeit.Wouldtherebeanyextracharge?

M:No,ma'am.You'refine.Hereisyourticketandpleasehurrytogatenumber20.Thegroundcrewwillbe

waitingforyou.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Intheoffice.B.Inarestaurant.C.Onthestreet.

9Whatistheman'sopinionabouttherestaurant?

A.Itwastooexpensive.

B.Itwasbelowexpectations.

C.Itlivesuptoitsreputation.

10.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?

A.Eatingout.B.Attendingameeting.C.Orderingtakeaway.

【答案】8.A9.B10.C

【解析】

【原文】W:It'salmostourlunchbreak.Lefstrysomethingdifferentforlunchtoday!HowaboutsomeIndian

foodattherestaurantdownthestreetfromouroffice?They'verecentlyopenedandhavebecomequitefamousfbr

tastyfood.

M:OhIalreadytookmyfamilytherelastweekend,butitwasnotasimpressiveaspeoplesay.Thereweretoo

manypeopleandtheservicewasn'tgoodatallbecauseitwastoobusy.

W:Really?Ihadnoidea.Whereshouldwegothen?

M:Actually,whydon'twejusthavesomedeliveryfoodandeathere?Thereisstillmuchtobedonebeforethe

afternoon'smeeting.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.Rentastoragelocker.

B.Havesomemachinesmaintained.

C.Dealwithsomedocuments.

12.Whatisthewomanconcernedabout?

A.Whetherthebinsaresecure.

B.Whetheralockisavailable.

C.Whetheratruckissent.

13.Howoftendoesthewomanwantaservice?

A.Daily.B.Weekly.C.Monthly.

【答案】ILC12.A13.C

【解析】

【原文】M:Goodmorning.ThisisGreenvilleDocumentDisposal.HowcanIhelpyou?

W:Hi.Ourofficegeneratesalotofconfidentialpaperwork,andwearelookingforasecurewaytogetridofit.

Yourcompanyhandlesthatkindofthing,right?

M:Wedo.Andwesendtruckstopickupthedocuments.

W:Oh,yes...Tveseenyourtrucks.ButIreallywonder...arethebinsyouprovidereallysecure?

M:Absolutely.Allofourbinsarefittedwithalock.

W:Andhowoftendoyoupickupthebins?

M:Wecanpickthemupdaily,weekly,monthly...asoftenasyou'dlike.

W:Onceamonthwouldbeenoughforus.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14.Whatdidthemanplantodoontheweekend?

A.Goskiing.B.Goclimbing.C.Workovertime.

15.WhatistherelationshipbetweenthemanandSilvia?

A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Neighbors.

16.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

A.Thepolicehelpedthemanout.

B.Theman'sofficeisonthe12thfloor.

C.Themanwastrappedintheliftfortwonights.

【答案】14.A15.B16.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Hi,Sven,howareyoudoingrecently?

M:Oh,Sally,youcan'tbelievewhathappenedtomelastweekend.

W:Tellmeaboutit.

M:Well,lastFridayIwaslookingforwardtoarelaxingtwodaysofskiinginthemountains.Buttheweekend

didn'tworkoutexactlyasIhadplanned.Iworkeduntillateonthatevening.ThenIlockedmyofficeandgotinto

thelift.Ipressedthebuttonforthegroundfloorandtheliftstartedgoingdownbutthenstopped.Ipressedthe

alarmandshoutedbutnobodyheardme.

W:Oh,howawful!Didyoutrytomakeaphonecalltoothers?

M:Yes,ItriedtophoneSilviabutmymobiledidn'tworkinthelift...SilviawasveryworriedwhenIdidn'tcome

homeatthattimeandshecouldn'tunderstandwhymymobilewasn'tgoing.Sheturnedtotheneighborhood

policeforhelp.Theylookedformebutinvain.

W:Sowhendidyougetout?

M:IwasintheliftuntilMondaymorning.Whentheofficeworkersarrived,theyphonedtheemergencynumber

andsomebodycameandrepairedthelift.Iwasveryhappytogetout.Andyouknowwhat?IbelieveIwillsoon

bethefittestmaninmyoffice-fromnowonI'mgoingtotakethestairseveryday-eventhoughit's12floors.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17.WherewillDrJohnSmithgivealecture?

A.IntheMainHall.B.IntheGardenRoom.C.IntheBallroom.

18.Whenwillapresentationofpapersbegin?

A.At9:00a.m.B.At10:00a.m.C.At11:30a.m.

19.Whatdoesthespeakerrecommendthelistenerstodo?

A.GrabsomesnacksattheRefreshmentStand.

B.Walkaroundthetownafterlunch.

C.Havetheformallunchtogether.

20.Whatarethelistenersexpectedtodoat2:00p.m.?

A.Attendapresentation.B.Takeabreak.C.Haveadiscussion.

【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.A

【解析】

［原文］W:Goodmorningeveryone,andwelcometothe2ndAnnualWullaballooConference.Beforewe

getunderwaywithtoday'sprogramme,letmefillyouinastowhat'sgoingontomorrow.

At9:00a.m.righthereintheMainHall,we'HbehearingalecturefromDrJohnSmithabout"Computeras

Teacher”.Anhourlater,therewillbeapresentationofpapersbyvariousexperts.Thatwilltakeplaceinthe

GardenRoomonthegroundfloor.We'llbegatheringatthewestend,theslightlyraisedareacalledLevel2.

Afterallthatthinking,talking,andlistening,Iexpecteveryonewillbeabitweary.Soat11:30,therewillbe

abreakforcoffee,cookies,andotherlightrefreshments.ThesewillbeavailableattheRefreshmentStand,placed

bythedoorbackhereintheMainHall.Also,ifyouchoosetoskiptheformallunch,youcanbuyapackedlunch

atthestandforareasonableprice.

Istronglyurgeyou,however,tojoinusattheformallunch.Thatwon'tbetilloneo*clocksharp,soyouhave

timetowalkaroundthetown.We'llbeeatingattheSeaViewRestaurant.Therestaurantislocatedrightherein

thehotel,onthetopfloor.

Afterlunch,we'HcomebackdownstairstoLevel2intheBallroomforthepresentationoffurtherpapers,

whichwillbeginat2:00p.m.Pleasetrytobeontime.Thank,youinadvance.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

JobPosting

Welcometoourschool!Weareexcitedthatyouarethinkingaboutopportunitiestoworkwithus.Seebelow

foraquickglanceatwhatthejobislikeandtheimpactyoucouldhaveonthechildren.

JobPostingTitle:AssistanttoSummer

JobType:Part-time/Full-time

SchoolStaff

WorkingConditions:ElementaryschoolWeeklyScheduledHours:Full-time40Part-

campustime20

PositionDuration:Expectedtocontinueuntil

EarliestStartDate:Immediately

Aug31,2022

Salary:Part-time$15hourly

WorkingHours:9:00a.m.—5:00p.m.

Full-time$20hourly

Responsibilities

*Watchoverandcareforchildrenin5-12yearsrange.

*Assistinimplementinglessonplans,preparationandclean-upofmaterials,andwatchingover

childrenbothindoorsandoutdoors.

*Maintainahealthyandsafeenvironmentfbrchildrenthatobeyschildlicensing,health

requirementsandguidelinesforqualitycare.

*Otherrelatedfunctionsasassigned.

ApplicationRequirements

*Resume（简历）.

*Highschoolcertificateorabove.

*MailingyourapplicationformtousbyJun10,2022.

*Minimumofsixmonthsofexperienceworkingwithchildrenaged5——12years.

*Threeprofessionalreferencelettersrequired;atleastonefromateacher.

21.Whatisanassistantrequiredtodo?

A.Designlessonplans.B.Safeguardchildren.

C.Workthenightshift.D.Teachacademiclessons.

22.Whichoffollowingwillresultindisqualification?

A.Preparingapersonalresume.B.Havingworkexperience.

C.Submittingonerecommendationletter.D.Beinganundergraduatestudent.

23.What'stheweeklyincomeofafull-timeassistant?

A$300.B.$400,C.$600,D.$800.

【答案】21.B22.C23.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一篇暑期学校教职员助理的招聘公告，介绍了工作内容、职责和薪资

等情况。

[21题详解】

细节理解题。根据Responsibilities部分中“*Watchoverandcareforchildrenin5—12yearsrange.（*照顾5-

12岁儿童）”以及“*Maintainahealthyandsafeenvironmentforchildrenthatobeyschildlicensing,health

requirementsandguidelinesforqualitycare.（*为儿童保持健康和安全的环境，并遵守儿童许可证、健康要

求和优质护理准则）”可知，助理需要保护儿童。故选B。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一部分中“*Threeprofessionalreferencelettersrequired;atleastonefromateacher.（*

需要三份专业推荐信；至少有一个来自老师）”可知，提交一封推荐信会导致取消资格。故选C。

【23题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Salary:Part-time$15hourly；Full-time$20hourly（工资：兼职每小时15美元；全职

每小时20美元）”以及“WeeklyScheduledHours:Full-time40Part-time20（每周工作时间：全职40小时，

兼职20小时）”可知，全职助理的周收入是20X40=800美元。故选D。

B

Mostofussetagoalwithenergyandmotivation.Ifitisachieved,wewillfeelweareoncloudnine.Butin

mostcases,wecan'treachourgoalseasily.Whydoweoftenfailtohitthetarget?Theanswerliesinthe

disconnectionbetweenourbrains'evaluationofrewardsandthe“getitdone"realitiesthatinfluenceourbehavior.

Ourbrainsarereward-drivenorganschargedbyneurotransmitters（神经递质）thatfuelourdrivesand

desires,andit'seasyforustogetcarriedawayinthischemicaltsunami.So,whenwesetupagoal,ourfocusis

onthereward.Wepicturegettingthereward,andhowwe'Hfeelwhenwemakeit,whichpushesusintoaction.

Butoncewebegin,wecomefacetofacewithwhat'sreallyrequiredtoreachthegoalandourfocusshiftsfrom

rewardtoeffort.

Inotherwords,afocusonrewardsfuelsthepursuit,butafocusonefforttakesoverwhentheworkstarts.

Forexample,gettingupearlytoexerciseforanewhealthylifestylemightseemlikeagoodchoice,butonceyour

alarmgoesoffonacoldJanuarymorning,therewardsaren'tenoughtogetyouupandoutofbed.Whenweface

therealityofourchoices,werealizetheeffortistoomuchandgiveup.

Infairness,though,wedon'talwayshavethebestsenseofhowmucheffortsomethingwillrequire,

especiallyifit'sagoalwehaven'tpursuedbefore.Gettingbetteratsettinggoalshasmuchtodowithfiguringthis

outandnotlettingourselvesforgetthelesson.

Nexttime,beginourgoalpursuitswithasmuchrealisticacknowledgmentoftheeffortrequiredaspossible.

Then,oncewebegin,refocusbacktotherewardandcontinuetheefforts.

24.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"oncloudnine”meaninparagraph1?

A.Scared.B.Oveijoyed.C.Restless.D.Weary.

25.Whatmayaccountforone'sunachievedgoal?

A.Aiminghigh,workingless.

B.Speakingmore,doingless.

C.Moreefforts,lessspeed.

D.Morepains,moregains.

26.Whatdopeopleoftenfailtorecognizeinsettinggoals?

A.Duration.B.Effort.C.Cost.D.Reward.

27.Whafstheauthor'sadvicetous?

A.Refocusbacktothegoal.

B.Achieveyourgoalstepbystep.

C.Acceptfailureandlearnfromthepast.

D.Setpracticalgoalsandworkconsistently.

【答案】24.B25.A26.B27.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文•文章主要介绍了人们确立目标的过程及放弃的原因，最后向人们提出建

议。

【24题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第一段uMostofussetagoalwithenergyandmotivation.Ifitisachieved,wewillfeelwe

areoncloudnine.（我们大多数人都带着能量和动力设定了一个目标。如果这个目标实现了，我们就

会……）”和常识可知，如果我们设立的目标实现了，我们就会感到很开心，所以划线词与B项

“oveijoyed”意思相近。故选B项。

【25题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段"Inotherwords,afocusonrewardsfuelsthepursuit,butafocusonefforttakesover

whentheworkstarts.（换句话说，对回报的关注推动了对目标的追求，但当行动开始时，对努力的关注就占

了上风）"及"Whenwefacetherealityofourchoices,werealizetheeffortistoomuchandgiveup.（当我们面

对自己选择的现实时，我们意识到需要付出的努力太多，于是放弃了追求）”可知，人们可能因为丰厚的

回报而确立较高的目标，但当为此付出行动时，却发现要想实现这个目标需要付出很多努力，这时，如

果努力不够，目标可能就无法实现。故选A项。

【26题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“whenwesetupagoal,ourfocusisonthereward.（当我们设立目标时，我们关注

的是回报）”及倒数第二段“wedon'talwayshavethebestsenseofhowmucheffortsomethingwillrequire,

especiallyifit，sagoalwehaven'tpursuedbefbre.（我们并不总是能最清楚地意识到--件事情需要付出多少努

力，尤其是如果这是一个我们以前没有追求过的目标）”可知，人们确立目标时，会关注到如果成功会带

来的回报，而不会意识到需要付出多少努力。故选B项。

【27题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nexttime,beginourgoalpursuitswithasmuchrealisticacknowledgmentofthe

effortrequiredaspossible.Then,oncewebegin,refocusbacktotherewardandcontinuetheefforts.（下一次，开

始追求目标时，要尽可能现实点，认识到需要付出多少努力。然后，一旦我们开始，就重新关注回报并

持续努力）”可知，作者建议人们设定切实可行的目标，并为之持续努力。故选D项。

C

SelenaEvanshadbeendownfordaysbecauseshehadnoideahowtopleasethosetwogirls.Atfirst,

ElizabethMoretzjustwouldn'thideherdisdain（鄙视）forher.Aboutamonthago,whenSelenaranintohernear

acoffeeshop,shecalledhernamefromafar.However,Elizabethdidn'tshowanykindness;instead,shescolded

her,“Youscaredthehelloutofme”.Toapologize,forseveraldaysinarow,Selenawouldbuysomecoffeeand

standatthedoorofthecafe,waitingforElizabethtocome,andthenpassthecoffeetoherandsayfriendly,"This

isforyou!,,Buteverytime,Elizabethwouldlookatherdoubtfullyandthenrejectit.

Butonedaybeforeamathclass,Elizabethsatdownrightnexttoherandsaid,“Youknow,Ialwaysspeak

outofturnwithoutthinking.Sometimesitmighthurtpeople.Butyou'llrealizeI'magoodpersonsoon.Please

forgivemyrudeness."Thenshepassedheracupofcoffee,“Thisisforyou."Selenacouldn'tbelieveitwas

happening.Shetookthecoffeeexcitedly.

Butsoonshediscoveredsheshouldn'thavebeenhappylikethatbecausethecoffeewasn'tevenforher.It

wasforSaraCrawford.Saradidn'tshowupthatday,soElizabethgaveittoherinstead.

ShouldItrytobeoneofagroupwhereIdon'tbelong?

“No,IwillsparenoeffortstobetheirfHend!”

ThenextdaySelenawenttothebakeryandboughtthreeloafsofbread,oneforherself,oneforElizabeth

andoneforSara.Asshewaswalkingtothecafe,shesawElizabethsittingatanoutdoortableofthecafe,pouring

somewaterfromherthermosintoacoffeecup.Afterthat,sheputthecuplidbackreallyquicklyandthenlooked

aroundalertly.

Selenapausedalittle,andthencalledherloudlyinthedistance,uMorning!^^

Followingthesound,ElizabethsawSelena.Sheputthethermosbackintoherpackreallyquicklyandstood

upwiththatcoffeeinherhand.

Selenarantoherandpassedheraloafofbread,"Thisisforyou.”

“Oh,L.."Elizabethwavedherhand,tuIdon^likebread.^^

“Then,whatdoyoulike?”BeforeSelenacouldfinish,Elizabethhadrunawaywiththatcoffee.

Selenahadbeenfeelingdownfortwoclasses.Thethirdclasswaslabcourse.ShewenttotheGirls'room

beforethatandwhenshecamebacktothelab,Elizabethwalkedtoherwithacupofcoffee.ShedraggedSelena,

shovedthecoffeeintoherhandandturnedaway.

Suddenly,sherecalledwhatshehadseenthismorning,andwasfrozenthere.

28.Whatdidtheunderlinedpartprobablymean?

A.Selenawasinadilemmawhattodonext.

B.Selenawouldcontinuetomakethemhappy.

C.Selenafoundthemdifficulttogetalongwith.

D.Selenawasdeterminednottomakefriendswiththem.

29.WhydidElizabethputthethermosbackintoherpackquicklyonseeingSelena?

A.ShewantedtopasscoffeetoSelena.

B.Shewantedtoaccepttheloafofbread.

C.ShehidthefactoffillingthecoffeecupwithwaterfromSelena.

D.ShewassoexcitedtoseeSelenathatshewasatalosswhattodo.

30.WhatmadeSelenaupsetbeforethelabcourse?

A.Elizabethhatedbeingwithher.

B.Elizabethdidn'thandherthecoffeeatfirst.

C.Shewasconcernedaboutthecominglabcourse.

D.Tryasshemight,itseemedhardforhertopleaseElizabeth.

31.Whafsthebesttitleforthestory?

A.PeerpressureB.Flatteringthem

C.AtrickygirlD.AgirPstrouble

【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了赛琳娜努力讨好其他两个女孩的故事。

[28题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第五段“No,Iwillsparenoeffortstobetheirfriend!（不，我会不遗余力地做她们朋

友）”以及第六段"ThenextdaySelenawenttothebakeryandboughtthreeloafsofbread,oneforherself,one

forElizabethandoneforSara.（第二天，赛琳娜去面包店买了三条面包，一条给自己，一条给伊丽莎白，一

条给萨拉）”可知，赛琳娜在继续想办法讨好那两个女孩，可知，划线句子表示赛琳娜会继续让她们开

心。故选B项。

【29题详解】

推理判断题。根据第六段"Asshewaswalkingtothecafe,shesawElizabethsittingatanoutdoortableofthe

cafe,pouringsomewaterfromherthermosintoacoffeecup.（当她走向咖啡馆时，她看到伊丽莎白坐在咖啡馆

的一张户外桌子旁，从保温瓶里往咖啡杯里倒了些水）”可知，伊丽莎白往咖啡杯里倒了水，所以她一见

到赛琳娜就迅速把保温瓶放回背包里是因为她想向赛琳娜隐瞒自己往咖啡杯里倒水这一事实。故选C

项。

【30题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第四段“Elizabethwavedherhand,'Idon'tlikebread」（伊丽莎白挥了挥手，“我不喜

欢面包。"）”以及倒数第三段"'Then,whatdoyoulike?'BeforeSelenacouldfinish,Elizabethhadrunaway

withthatcoffee.（“那么，你喜欢什么？”赛琳娜还没来得及说完，伊丽莎白就带着咖啡跑了）”可推知，

赛琳娜在实验课之前心烦意乱是因为伊丽莎白拒绝了她的讨好，尽管赛琳娜努力了，但是讨好伊丽莎白

很难。故选D项。

[31题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段"SelenaEvanshadbeendownfordaysbecauseshehadnoideahowtopleasethose

twogirls.（赛琳娜•埃文斯已经情绪低落好几天了，因为她不知道如何讨好那两个女孩）”以及文章内容可

知，本文主要讲述了赛琳娜努力讨好其他两个女孩的故事，所以“讨好她们”可以作为文章标题。故选

B项。

D

Saturn'sringsarelosingmaterialeveryyear.

Incomingmicrometeorites（彳放陨彳j）andthesun'sradiationdisturbthesmall,dustypiecesofringmatter,

electrifyingthem.Theparticles,suddenlytransformed,becomeadaptedtoSaturn'smagneticfieldlinesandstart

spinningalongthoseinvisiblepaths.WhentheparticlesgettooclosetoSaturn'satmosphere,gravitypullsthem

in,andtheyvaporize（蒸发）intheplanet'sclouds.Astronomerscallthis"ringrain",andovertimethisandother

phenomenawillweakenthedistinctiverings,untilnothingisleft.

“ThisisuslookingatSaturn'sringsattheirpeak,''saidJamesO'Donoghue,aplanetaryscientistfromJapan.

Fromourperspective,themagnificentsightseemsimmutable（永恒的）,but,onthegrandscaleofthings,itis

fleeting.

Itmighthelptoknowthattheprocessisgoingtotakeawhile:O5Donoghueandotherscientistsestimatethat

theringswilldisappearinabout300millionyears.TheresidentsofEarthstillhaveplentyoftimetoappreciatethe

beautyofSaturn'srings.

Thesciencecommunityhasn'tcometoaconsensusabouttheoriginstoryofSaturn'srings.But,itisa

reminderthattheworldsofoursolarsystem,howeverstilltheymightlookfromhere,aredynamicplaces,with

dramatichistoriesoftheirown.44Wethinkthattheuniverseoutthere-asopposedtothis,wherewelive,where

everythingismessyandchangingallthetime—isthiskindofcrystalandnever-changingthing,“saidJeffCuzzi,

anexpertonplanetaryrings.Fromafar,Saturn\ringslooksosolid,likeawallyoucouldswingyourlegsover.

Buttheyareanythingbut.TheVoyagermissionhadspottedsomeevidenceofringstuffleakingintoSaturn,but

withCassini,astronomerscouldreallyinvestigatethephenomenon,andmaketheirbestestimatesyetforhow

longtheringswouldstickaround.

Afewhundredmillionyearsisaverylongtime.AndyetIhaveasuddensharpfeelingofsadnessaboutthe

ideaofSaturnlosingitsrings.SodosomeastronomersI'vespokenwith.Tvecometothinkofthisreactionas

“spacefeeF,.Ithasnorealbearingonourdailylives,andyettheytugattheheartstringsinacosmicway."It's

very,verysadthattheringswilldisappearinthefuture,O9Donoghuesaid.But'Tmveryhappythatwe'relucky

enoughtosee

32.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlydiscuss?

A.HowSaturn'sringsareformed.

B.WhatSaturn'sringslooklike.

C.WhySaturn'sringswilldisappear.

D.How“ringrain^^comesintobeing.

33.WhatcanwelearnaboutSaturn'sringsfromthepassage?

A.ThesplendorofSaturn'sringswillremainthesame.

B.ScientistshaveknownfbrsureabouttheoriginofSaturn'srings.

C.Wecan'tenjoythebeautyofSaturn'sringsunlessweseizethechance.

D.WecandrawfromSaturn'sringsthattheplanetsinsolarsystemaredynamic.

34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastbutoneparagraph?

A.Theuniverseoutsidetheearthisneverchanging.

B.Saturn'sringsaresosolidthattheywillnotdisappear.

C.Theuniverseoutsidetheearthisopposedtowhatwethinkoftheearth.

D.Astronomersmaycalculatehowlongitwillbebeforetheringsdisappear.

35.HowdoesO'DonoghuefeelabouttheideaofSaturnlosingitsrings?

A.sorryB.luckyC.happyD.indifferent

【答案】32.C33.D34.D35.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了土星环的物质每年都在流失并最终消失。

【32题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段"Incomingmicrometeorites（微陨石）andthesun'sradiationdisturbthesmall,dusty

piecesofringmatter,electrifyingthem.Theparticles,suddenlytransformed,becomeadaptedtoSaturn'smagnetic

fieldlinesandstartspinningalongthoseinvisiblepaths.WhentheparticlesgettooclosetoSaturn'satmosphere,

gravitypullsthemin,andtheyvaporize（蒸发）intheplanet,sclouds.Astronomerscallthis"ringrain",andover

timethisandotherphenomenawillweakenthedistinctiverings,untilnothingisleft.（来袭的微陨石和太阳辐射

扰乱了环状物质的尘埃小块，使它们带电。这些粒子突然发生了转变，适应了土星的磁场线，并开始沿

着那些看不见的路径旋转。当这些粒子太靠近土星的大气层时，引力会把它们吸引过来，然后在土星的

云层中蒸发。天文学家称这种现象为‘'环雨"，随着时间的推移，这种现象和其他现象会削弱独特的

环，直到什么都没有留下。）”可知，第二段主要讲述的是土星环会什么会消失。故选C。

[33题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段""But,itisareminderthattheworldsofoursolarsystem,howeverstillthey

mightlookfromhere,aredynamicplaces,withdramatichistoriesoftheirown.（但是,它提醒我们,我们太阳

系的世界，无论从这里看起来如何，都是充满活力的地方，有着自己戏剧性的历史。）”可推断，太阳系

的行星是动态的，不断变化的。故选D。

【34题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"TheVoyagermissionhadspottedsomeevidenceofringstuffleakinginto

Saturn,butwilhCassini,astronomerscouldreallyinvestigatethephenomenon,andmaketheirbestestimatesyet

forhowlongtheringswouldstickaround.（旅行者号的任务已经发现了一些光环物质泄漏到土星的证据，但

通过卡西尼号，天文学家可以真正研究这一现象，并对光环会停留多久做出最好的估计。）”可推断，天

文学家可能会对土星环何时消失做出估计。故选D。

[35题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段""It'svery,verysadthattheringswilldisappearinthefuture,"O'Donoghuesaid.

But"I'mveryh叩pythatwe'reluckyenoughtoseeit."（"土星环将在未来消失，这是非常、非常令人难过

的。”CFDonoghue说,但“我很高兴我们足够幸运地看到了它。可推断，对于土星环的消失，

0?Donoghue觉得很悲伤。故选A。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳