名词表示人或事物的名称它又分为专有名词和普通名词

Grammar词类一名词⑴名词：表示人或事物的名称。它又分为专有名词和普通名词专有名词：人名，地名，国名，机构，组织，社团，江河，湖泊，山脉，岛屿等。如：Tom,theGreatWall,China,GreenChina,thePLA,普通名词：又分可数和不可数可数是指能分为一个一个的个体的。boy,girl,panda,apple,tomato,bag,不可数是指不能分为一个个的个体的。water,milk,beef,chicken,bread,（物质名词）music,weather,news,work,sunshine,money.⑵区别：①可数名词有复数，不可数没有。可数名词前可以直接加表数量多少的词，数量大于1时名词要用复数形式；不可数前不可以直接加表数量多少的词。如要用则须在名词前加上量词+of（如：apieceofbread,twopiecesofmusic,acupoftea,threecupsofmilk.fiveboxesofbread.）不可数名词可单独用，可数名词单独用时，要用复数，否则须在前用一个其它词修饰。（用an,a,the,my,Tonis，等这类词来修饰）Myshoesareblack.Thisismysisters skirt.Idont'likebananas.Shedoesn'tlikebread.⑶数量词+容器+ofaboxofpotatoes,fiveboxesofapples,fourcupsoftea,⑷常见不可数：液体，肉类，油类，气体；broccolimoney,work,homework,housework,news,sunshine,music,weather,food,fruit,drink常用作不可数，有时也用作可数⑸一些动词也可作名词用，此时为可数haveadrink（rest,walk,talk）.wantago,Heusuallytakeswalksaftersupper.（他通常在晚饭后散步）Wouldyoulikeadrink?Doyouwantago?（你想要试试吗？）⑹一些词作可数和不可数时意思不一样chicken,鸡肉，小鸡，time,时间，次数paper,纸，报纸snow,rain,wind,aheavysnow（rain）,astrongwind（7）coffee,salad,icecream,pizza,cola,常用作不可数，但表示一分时可数acoffee,（一杯咖啡），asalad,（一分沙拉）⑻名词单数变复数规则变化直接加s以s,x,sh,ch结尾加esbus,box,watch,dish,以辅音字母加y结尾变y为i再加es,comedy--comedies, party-parties（boy---boys,不能变，它是元音加y结尾）不规则变化①以o结尾的只有tomato,potato加es,其余加sChinese,Japanese,sheep,fish,deer,单数复数一样foot--feet, tooth——teeth,child-children,man--men,woman,Englishman,⑼使用名词要注意的几个问题一些名词只有复数没有单数people,thepolice一些名词常用复数trousers,shoes,glasses（眼镜），shorts（短裤）,jeans固定搭配中makefriends,byboat,makemistakes,合成词athree--year--oldboy（Theboyisthreeyearsold.）名词作定语修饰其后名词常用单数（woman,man除外）boyfriend,shoeshop,bikefactory,（mandoctor,mendoctorsn）⑳名词的所有格“-----的”结构：①'s 或s'； ②AofB（B的A）一般是有生命的用前者，无生命的用后者yourbrother'sname,hisfather'scar,Women'sDay,theteachers'desk,thewalloftheclassroom,教室的墙thegateofthepark公园的门时间，距离，重量等也常用前者inafewyears'time,tenminutes'walk,intoday'snewspaper有时两者都可China'scapital,thecapitalofChina共同所有ThisisTomandMike'sroom.分别所有TheseareTom'sandMike'sshoes.双重所有格aphotoofmysister's二代词：用来代替名词，形容词，或数词等。1人称代词：主格：I,we,you,he,she,it,they放在句子前作句子主语宾格：me,us,you,him,her,it,them放在动词或介词后面作宾语。Iamthirsty.Pleasegivemeacupofwaterwithhoney.2物主代词：形容词性：my,our,your,his,her,its,their其后必须跟一个名词。名词性：mine,ours,yours,his,hers,its,theirs其后不能跟名词。Thisismybook.Hisisoverthere.3反身代词：myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselveshimself,herself,itself,themselves句子的主语和作宾语的代词在人称上致时，作宾语的人称代词用反身代词Theboyteacheshimselfathome.ComeandseeforyourselfatHuaxingClothesStore!同位语Theworditselfisbecomingasmallerplace.Iwillgotoseeyourfathermyself,（主语同位语）Iwillgotoseeyourfatherhimself,（宾语同位语）by+反身代词（独自地，单独地）HestudiesEnglishbyhimself.4指示代词：this, these,（近指）；Isthisyourpencil?that,those（远指）Isthathisbook?5疑问代词：what,which（哪个，哪些），who（谁）,whom（谁，宾格）whose（谁的）What for?==whyWhatareyoucryingfor?Whyareyoucrying?Forwhomyouarewaiting?Whatdoesyourfatherdo?===Whatisyourfather?Which在一定范围内作选择，代替who,what.6不定代词Some一些及不可数，或可数名词的复数。用于肯定句中Ihavesomeredpencils.Thereissomemilkinthecup.用于疑问句中Couldyougivesomeadvice?Wouldyoulikesomebread?用于问句主要是表示请求，建议，希望得到对方的肯定回答。any一些主要用于否定句，疑问句Therearenotanyapplesinthebox.Isthereanymilkinthecup?任何一个，用于肯定句中Heistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.他比他班上其它任何男生都高。many其后名词用复数，much，toomuch其后名词用不可数alotof=lotsof后用不可数或可数名词的复数afew有一些，有几个，few几乎没有， 后跟名词的复数alittle,有一点儿little,几乎没有，后跟不可数名词each,every,只有each后面可不跟名词，单独使用。both,allno,none,noone,notNo除了回答一般问句外，必须跟一个名词，作形容词Nooneisaway.Noneofusisaway.没有一个人Isthereanyoneintheclassroom? None.Thereisnotanymilkinthecup.---Thereisnomilkinthecup.either,neither, either——or——,neither——nor.either两者中任何一个都，其后名词都用单数，谓语用单数neither两者中任何一个都不，其后名词都用单数，谓语用单数Idon'tknoweitherofthem.=Iknowneitherofthem.Hecan'tplaytheguitar.Ican't,either.也不NeithercanI.我也不会。other,theother,others,theothers,one theotheranotherother别的，其它的，及不可数或可数名词的复数，前面还可用my,his,some,afew,many等来修饰theother表特指一个整体中除去一部分，其余的］others其余人或物，theothers表示特指，两者后面都不能再跟名词。one theother是一个短语，用来描述两个人或物another及可数名词单数或one或pair,piece等之类的量词。它有两个完全不同的意思。一个是，在原来的基础增加一个相同的以，再来，还有等之意思；另一个是来一个别的，基它的。Ihaveanotherthreedays'holiday.我还有三天假。区别：Thismooncakeisnice.Iwantanotherone.Thisshirtistoosmall.Pleaseshowmeanotherone.Theseshoesaretoolong.Pleaseshowmeanotherpair.one一个，某一个，oneday,有一天oneof————中的一个代替前面提到的名词同类中的一个，复数用ones Doyouknowtheoldman?---Whichman?——Theoneinablackcoat.(11)something,somebody,someone,everyone,everybody,everything都作单数，谓语都用单。有定语时放其后面。elseDidyouseeanybodyelseinthenextdoor?三冠词：分为定冠词the和不定冠词a,an1an,a的用法单数可数名词前元音开头的用an辅音开头的用a如：aninterestingstory,anuglyman,abeautifulflower但ausefulbook,ausualday,halfanhour说明是某一类，常不译出来What'sthis? It'sisabook.这是什么。它是书。Whatdoyoudo?Iamateacher.你是做什么的？我是教师.表示“一”和one差不多〃一个”haveadaughterandtwosons.“每一〃Howoftendoyouexercise?Twiceaweek.the的用法特指：第一次出现了，再次出现时；Thisismypen.ThepenismadeinJapan.谈话双方都知道的人或物Doyouknowtheoldwoman?用在形容词前表一类人或物thepoor,therich世界上独一无二的theearth,themoon序数词，形容词的最高级前无其它词，且后面有一个名词时，序数词和最高级形容词前用themybestfriend,themostpopularTvstar,theninthday乐器前 thepiano,theguitar一些短语中dothecooking,intheevening3不用冠词可数名词的复数表示一类时Girlsaremorecarefulthanboys.不可数名词前常不用年，月份，季节，星期，节日，三餐饭，球类in2000,inOctober,inwinter,onSunday,havelunch,playbasketball名词前已有定语的“这，那，这些，那些，---的”来修饰时by+交通工具bybike,bybus,bycar,（inacar,onabus,）四形容词：1①用来作定语，修饰名词“-----的”常放在名词前面。（形容词修饰不定代词something,nothing,anythng时要放其后面。）somethinginteresting,somethingdifferent,作表语TostudyEnglishisveryimportant.补语Heoftenkeepsthewindowsclosedatnight.2形容词有三种形式，原级，比较级，最高级。不作比较Theboyisverytall.两者作比较时有比较级TheboyistallerthanMike.三者或三者以上作比较时用最高级Theboyisthetallestinhisclass.3形容词比较级，最高级构成直接加er,est,以e结尾的加r,stnice--nicer,辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i再加er,estheavy--heavier,busy--busier一些词加more,most构成比较级和最高级popular,beautiful,interesting,boring,difficult,important,relaxing,exciting,delicious,athletic,等比较长的单词。不规则little---less---lestgood/well——better-bestbad---worseworst比较级前可以用alot,much（---得多），alittle（---一点儿）来修饰五数词：分基数词和序数词基 数 词： 表 数 量 多少one,two,three,four,five,six,eight,nine,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fifteen,twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,ninety,序数词：表事物的顺序，常与the连用first,second,third,fourth,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth,fifteenth,twentiethtwenty-first,onehundredandfirstJulyfirst,July1st,July1六副词程度副词：too,very,so,quite,rather,fairly放在形容词，副词前面频度副词:always,usually,sometimes,everyday,onceaweek,SometimesIgettoschoolbybus.Iusuallygetupatsix.ly副词:quickly,Hequicklygotupandputonhisclothes.其它fast,early,late,七介词：in,on,of,to,under,for,at,with,from,about其后及名词或代词athome,atsixthirty,learnaboutChinese,SheisfromChina.buyfromthestore,inthebookcase,inred,

inEnglish,aphotoofyourfamily,gotobed,八连词：连接词，短语，句子and,but,or,although,because,九、动词：分为实意动词，连系动词，助动词，性态动词四类㈠行为动词：表示一定的动作或状态，可单独作谓语。它又分为两种，及物动词和不及物动词。如：run,cry,smile,go,sit,这些词后面不能跟宾语。want,like,have,hope,ask,tell,say,need这些词为及物动词，必须跟宾语。（有些词可作及物，也可作不及物如：Theyarereading.他们在看书Theyarereadingnewspapers.他们在看报）Theboysarerunning,（不及物）Ineedsomehelp.（及物）㈡连系动词：本身有一定意义，但不能单独作谓语，，必须与后面的表语一起构成谓语。⑴be动词是最常见的连系动词（is,am,are,was,were广是 ，在 ，”后面跟①形容词，②名词或相当于名词的to+动词原形或动词ing、短语、句子，还可跟③代词，数词，副词，介词短语等Mybrotheristallandthin.Thesearebananas.Myhobbyisreading.我的爱好是看书。Hisjobistosellcomputers.他的工作是卖电脑。Thisshirtishers.Sheistwelve. Tonispensareinthebox.（2）seem,feel,look,smell,taste,sound,become,get,turn,fall,grow,keep,stay,这类连系动词后常跟形容词。Theyoftenkeepthewindowsclosedatnight.Eatabalanceddiettokeephealthy.㈢助动词：本身无任何意义，用来帮助提问：如果句中没♦be动词（am,is,are,was,were），没有完成时中的♦have,has,没有性态动词♦can,could,would,,should,must,may或・will时则将句子变成问句时，就须在句子前面加：1.一般现在时 +Do,主语为第三人称单数时+Does,2.一般过去时加Did,这时原来句中主语后的动词要用原形。Theylikeapples. Dotheylikeapples?Thegirloftengetsupatsix. Doesthegirloftengetupatsix?Myfatherplayedsoccerovertheweekend.Didyourfatherplaysoccerovertheweekend?用来帮助构成否定:这与变问句类似。没有♦时，就直接在句子主语后面加1.一般现在时加don't,主语为三单时加doesn't2.一般过去时加didn't这时句中的谓语动词都用原形。Hegoestoschoolbybike,——Hedoesn'tgotoschool.Hedoesn'Hedoesn'tliketoplaybasketball.forthetestovertheweekend.forthetestovertheweekend.grandpaovertheweekend.grandpaovertheweekend.TheystudiedTheydidn'tstudyIvisitedmyIdidn'tvisitmy构成时态、语态Sheiswritingaletter.（进行时）Mybikewasstolenlastnight.（被动语态）㈣情态动词：can能够，能，会；可以；可能could可以，可能，⑪为can的过去时，用于过去时⑵不表过去，比can委婉would将会，将要，must必须，一定may或许，可能,可以， might（l为may过去时⑵不表过去，或许，可能，比may可能性更小should应当，应该，shouldn't不应该情态动词有一定意义，但不能单独作谓语，①其后面跟行为动词原形，如没有行为动词，则加上be。②'情态动词无人称，单数和复数。变问句时直接将它们提句子开头，问否定句时直接在它们后面加notHecanspeakEnglish.Hemaybeathomenow.（他或许现在在家）CanyoucometothepartyonWednesday?注：1.mustn't是不可以，不是不必不必用needn't，或Youdon'thavetogohomenow你不必现在回家。---MustIfinishdoingmyhomeworktoday?---Yes，youmust./No,youneedn't2.haveto不得不，must必须。haveto有人称，时态，单数和复数变化must没有这些变化二、句子的种类㈠按用途分为四类：陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句陈述句：用来陈述一件事实。说明主语是--，怎么样，做什么Heisastudent.MybrotherworksinBeijing.Australiaisverybeautiful.疑问句：用来提出疑问。分为一般问句，特殊问句，选择问句，反意问句。★一般问句：用Yes，No,来回答的问句。陈述句变一般问句：原则：有则提前，无则加。句中有・be动词（am，isare，was，were），♦情态动词can，could，may，might，should，must，would，和will和完成时的♦have，has时，直接将它们提到句子开头（第一人称常变成第二人称），如没有这些词，则加do，does，did在句子开头。可参看前面。Iamtwelve.Areyoutwelve?Yes，Iam.No，I'mnot.Areyouplayingthepiano? Yes，Iam.No，I'mnot.Shewenttothemovies,——Didshegotothemovies?Yes，shedid.No，shedidn't.Shelikesmilk. Doesshelikemilk?Yes，shedoes.No，shedoesn't.Canyouplaytheguitar? Yes， Ican. No，I can't.Isthisyourpencil?Yes， it is. /No， itisn'tIsthatyoursister?Yes，itis./No，itisn't.IsGuoPengyourbrother?Yes，heis.DoyouhaveaTV? Yes， Ido. No， I dorit .Doesshehaveacomputer ? Yes， shedoes. No， she doesn't.CanhespeakEnglish? Yes,hecan.No,hecaiit.Didyouplaysoccerovertheweekend?Yes,Idid.No,Ididlt.Wereyouathomeyesterday?Yes,Iwas.★特殊问句：“问啥答啥”的问句。where问地点，howold问年龄，whatcolor问颜色，what就物提问,who就某人提问，whattime几点钟，when什么时候，What do——问职业，What---looklike问外表,how,等等。Howoldareyou? 1amthirteen.Whattimedoyouusuallygetup? Atsixthirty.陈述句变特殊问句：用疑问词代替划线部分，（也就是要提问的部分）。将剩下部分变成一般问句写在疑问词后面。但：如果就句子主语提问，则只将疑问词代替划线部分或要提问的部分既可。HewatchesTVonceaweek. HowoftendoeshewatchTV?Iamadoctor. Whatareyou? Whatdoyoudo?Shewantstobeanactor. Whatdoesshewanttobe?Mysisteriswritingaletter. Whoiswritingaletter.注：就谓语动词提问用Whatdoes/do/did do ?Whatis/was/are/were doing ?如：Iplayedsoccerovertheweekend.---WhatdidyoudoovertheweekendThegirlsaresingsing. Whatarethegirlsdoing?★选择问句：不能用Yes和No来回答，必须做出选择，选择的部分常用or来连接。Areyouadoctororateacher? Iamateacher.★反意问句祈使句:表命令，请求，它是以动词原形开头的句子。它的否定直接在句子前加Don't.或用No+一个名词或动词ingNotalking.不准说话。Nofood.（不准带食物）Keepquiet,please.Don'truninthehallways.感叹句形容词直接跟名词则用What,如果是可数名词单数则用Whata,Whatan,Whatatallboy!Whatafunnytimetomakebreakfast!Whataninterestingstory!Whatbadweather!Whatexcitingnews!其它情况都用HowHowtalltheboyis!Howhappytheyare!㈡句子按结构分为三类：简单句，并列句，复合句★简单句：由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子Igetupatsixinthemorning.MymotherandIoftengoshoppingonweekendsThestudentssanganddanced.这些学生们唱啊，跳啊。★并列句：由并列连词（and,so,but,or,等）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子。Shedoesn'tlikescience,andshethinksitisboring.Edhasagreatsportscollection,buthedoesn'tplaysports.Schoolstartsateight,soIgetupatsixthirty.★复合句：由一个句子来充当一个简单句中的一个成分（作状语，作宾语，作定语，作表语，等）这种句子叫复合句。（1）（时间状语从句）Thegirlcouldswimwhenshewasfouryearsold.▲⑵（宾语从句）Ithinkscienceisveryboring.作宾语的是陈述句，则将这个句子直接放在及物动词believe,think,hope,等词的后面。Ihopeyoufeelbettersoon.作宾语的是一般问句，则用if或whether（是否）+陈述句Idon'tknowifheisgoingcampingthisSunday.作宾语的特殊问句，则用疑问词+陈述句Canyoutellmehowoldyouare?宾语从句的原则：时态原则，语序原则时态原则：主句用一般现在时，从句可用任何时态IthinkChinaisaveryinterestingplace.IknowyouarearrivingnextSunday.主句用过去时，从句也要用过去的某种时态。（客观真理除外）IcouldspeakEnglishwhenIwasfouryearsoldTheteachertoldustheearthisround.语序原则：宾语从句要用陈述句语序，如果有疑问词，则用疑问词+陈述句Canyouthinkwhathisjobis?（疑问词作主语的除外，如：Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?你能告诉我谁在那儿吗？）（3）（定语从句）Peoplewhoaretwostressedoutandangrymayhavetoomuchyang.⑷同位语从句Ican'tstandtheideathatoldpeoplecan'tbebeautiful.⑸表语从句：三、句子的成分♦主语：表示所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”，通常由名词，代词或相当于名词的词或短语等来充当。TomisfromAmerica.Heoftengoestothemovies.Eeatingtoomuchjunkfoodisbadforyouhealth.♦谓语：①说明主语是什么，怎么样，由系动词词和它后面的表语一起构成MyfatherisanEnglishteacher.Hissisterisverytall.Mary'sbooksareonthedesk.Thatsoundsgood.说明主语做什么，由行为动词构成Theboysareplayingbasketball.Mybrothersingswell.♦表语：说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”，由名词，代词或相当于名词的词或短语等来充当，和系动词一起构成谓语。Hermotherisabankclerk.Thegirlisverybeautiful.Myhobbyislisteningtomusic.我的爱好是听音乐。Thebookisnotmine.Hisbasketballisunderthebed.♦宾语：放在介词、及物动词后，表动作行为的对象。由名词，代词，或相当于名词的词或短语等来充当。和主语一样。Heislookingforhispen.Ineedtohavearest.Shejustfinishedmakingherlastmovie.♦定语：用来修饰名词或代词。常放在名词前面，介词短语作定语时放在名词后。形容词作定语修饰不定代词anything,something,nothing,形容词放后面。“ 的”threebananas,aredsweater,yourname,Mary'sfatherthegirlinaredsweater,theboyunderthetree树下的男孩somethingdifferent,somethinginteresting,♦状语：用来修饰动词，形容词，副词。表示①时间，②地点，③目的，方式，⑤程度等。Iwaslateforschoolyesterday.（时间）Let'sgotothepark.（地点）Canyoucometohelpwithmyhomework?（目的）Hegetstoschoolbybus.（方式）Theboyisveryshy.（程度）三、 简单句的五种基本句型1.主语+不及物动词---Weexerciseeveryday.Thegirliscrying.主语+及物动词+宾语---Ienjoyedreadingyour"what'scool?”。Shejustfinishedmakingherlastmovie.Ilikeoranges.Weplantohaveaveryrelaxingvacation.主语+连系动词+表语--Thisbikeismysister's.Thatsoundsinteresting.Everyonegetstiredsometimes.主语+及物动词+某人+某物 ；或主语+及物动词+某物+to+某人Peoplegivemetheirmoney.Shegavemeanewbike. give--gave给）Heshowedhisphotostome.Heoftenasksourmathteachersomestrangequestions.Heoftentellsinterestingstoriestotheclass.但：Myfatherboughtmeanewwatch.Myfather boughtanewwatchforme. buy--bought（买）主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语 （作补语的可以是名词，形容词，动词等）Ifoundasmallboycryinginthecorner.（动词ing,现在分词）Thatmademefeelveryhappy. （动词原形）Hemakesmeverytired.Wehavegreatfunplayinginthewater.HewatchedWangWangplaywithafriendlyblackcat.Mymotherwantsmetodrinkmilk.四、 动词的形式：（行为动词）㈠原形用于一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问句与否定句Doesyourfatherlikenoodles?Didyourfathergotothemovieyesterdayevening?Shedoesn'tlikeicecream.一般现在时，主语不是第三人称单数时，陈述句中Weexercisethreeorfourtimesaweek.情态动词后，to后,please后，Youdbetter后，hadbetter后Whynot后，let's（=letus）后make+某人或某物+动词原形 使，迫使某人做某事Thatmademefeelveryhappy.let+某人或某物+动词原形允许，让某人做某事Let'sseethepandasfirst.㈡三人称单数：只有在陈述句中，一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数时Mymothershopsonceaweek.㈢动词ing进行时，或进行进表将来Mymotheriscooking.Look,theboysareplayingsoccer.Iamplanningtospendtimewithmyfriendsforvacation.Sheisbabysittinghersisterforvacation.finish,enjoy，keep，等后动词要用ing形式IenjoylivinginChina.动词作主语或宾语，表语等时，这时它相当于一个名词。Takingabusmustbealotmorefunthantakingabus.一些短语，词组中goshopping,goswimming,gobikeriding,eatinghabits,介词in,on,about,of,等后HethoughtaboutgoingtoSpain,（think---thought）㈣动词过去式，只用于陈述句，一般过去时。Theywenttothemoviesovertheweekend.㈤to+动词原形作主语：Toeatabalanceddietisimportant.这时我们常换成It'simportanttoeatabalanceddiet.用It作形式上的主语，真正的主语是to后面的部分。作宾语：放在及物动词后Iwanttodrinksomewater.Shewantstobeadoctor.作宾补，放在宾语后，补充说明宾语做什么Mymotherwantsmetodrinkmilk.Goodfoodandexercisehelpmetostudybetter.类似的还有：like,ask,tell,作状语，放在不及物动词后（表目的，原因，结果）Thestudentsusuallytakeaboattogettoschool.区别：不定式作宾补时动作由宾语发出。 不定式作状语时动作由主语发出。作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词等后面Iamthelastonetotakeashower.Whatafunnytimetomakebreakfast.BrigeStreetisagoodplacetohavefun.Wehavealotofworktodoeveryday.（六）注意：like后可用to+动词原形，或动词ing,但wouldlike后动词只用to+动词原形see/hear/watch+某人或某物+动词原形或动词ing强调动作正在进行，则用ing形式，否则用动词原形（看到，听到，观察到---做某事）stop后用to+动词原形，表示停下来去做--- 后用动词ing,表示停止做 Iamtired,andIwanttostoptohavearest.Theteacheriscoming.Stoptalking.④be动词（is,am,are,was,were）后动词不能用动词原形。用动词ing时，可以表示动作正在进行。Look,theyarerunning.瞧，他们正在跑步。有时动词ing相当于一个名词，和to+动词原形一样，作名词用。His job is selling computers. 他的工作是卖电脑。或His job is tosell computers. 他的工作是卖电脑。Myhobbyisreading.我的爱好是看书。还可以用动词的过去分词。这时表被动。五、时态 （一）表状态（也就是