外研高中英语必修三-Module5-Grammar课件

Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncienChinaGrammarAttributiveClause定语从句是在复合句中起定语作用，修饰名词、代词或整个主句的从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose等）和关系副词（where,when,why）。关系词在定语从句中的作用：①连接主句和定语从句；②指代先行词；③在定语从句中充当一定的成分。1.

that多指物，在从句中作主语或作动词的宾语。（that/which作宾语时可省。）

1)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Aplaneisamachinewhichcanfly.2)Whowashurtintheaccident

that

happenedyesterday?Whowashurtintheaccident

which

happenedyesterday?2.

which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。

(which与that指物时可以互相代替，that更常见。)1)Hisfatherworksinafactory

that

makesTVsets.Hisfatherworksinafactory

which

makesTVsets.2)Thefilm

(that)

wesawlastnightwas

verywonderful.Thefilm

(which)

wesawlastnightwasverywonderful.which与that作主语_______(可以/不可以)省略;作宾语_______(可以/不可以)省略。不可以可以3.

who指人(即它的先行词必须是人),从句中作主语或宾语。whom是宾格,只能作_____。1)Thegirlswhoweren’tbadlyhurtintheaccidentaremyclassmates.Heknewtheteacher

whomwemet

yesterday.宾语2)Heknewtheteacher

whowemetyesterday.

Thegirls

thatweren’tbadlyhurtintheaccidentaremyclassmates.that有时也指人,代替who,whom，可作主语或宾语。4.

whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。1)Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.

Isawawoman

whosebagwas

stolen.2)Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoveris

red.

Pleaseshowmethebook

whosecover

is

red.3)I’llcallaperson.Hisfatherknows

you.

I’llcallaperson

whosefatherknows

you.关系副词when,where,why可代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。e.g.ThatwastheverydaywhenIfirstsawmynieceAngela.Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworkedforthirtyyears.NobodyknewthereasonwhyEvaleftthepartysoearly.关系代词与介词介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物,和whom代人。(在末尾时,关系词可以省略)e.g.Thisisthehero(whom)weareproudof.

Thisisthehero

ofwhomweareproud.

Thisisthehero(that)weareproudof.Sheisthegirl

whomIwentwiththere.Sheisthegirlwith

whomIwentthere.Sheisthegirl

thatIwentwiththere.Theroom

(that)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom

(which)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom

inwhichIliveisverybig.Theroom

whereIliveisverybig.注意:固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前。e.g.lookafter,lookat,lookfor…e.g.ThisisthepenwhichI’mlookingfor.关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构，因此常常和“介词+which”结构交替使用。which用于指代物，whom用于指代人。e.g.Thereareoccasionswhen(onwhich)onemustyield.

Beijingistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.

Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedouroffer?

关系代词前介词(介词＋which)的确定：1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关

系。2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭

配。3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯。指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因who,whom,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhichwherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词Summary1.whofollowsawordreferringto_____.(a)aperson(b)athing2.whichfollowsawordreferringto_____.(a)athing(b)apersonExercises(a)(a)Lookatthesentencesinactivity1.Choosetherightanswer.3.Insteadofwhichyoucansay___.(a)who(b)that4.wherefollowsawordthatrefersto___.(a)place(b)time5.whenfollowsawordthatrefersto___.(a)place(b)time6.whosemeans___.(a)ofwhom(b)who(a)(a)(b)(b)Awheretherewerelots

ofnewideasBwhichMenciusgave.Cwhoseideaswere

veryinfluentialDwholivedanunusual

life.

Ewhentherewasalot

ofwar.

1.Confuciuslivedinacentury2.AncientChinawasacountry3.Somerulersfollowedtheadvice4.Philosopherswerepeople5.MoziwasamanMatchthetwopartsofthesentences.Completeeachsentencewithoneofthesewords.1.Menciuswroteabook______manypeoplehaveread.2.Menciuscamefromapartoftheworld_____changewashappeningfast.whichwherewhowhichwhenwherewhose3.Thiswasaperiod_____manypeoplebecameinterestedinConfucius’steachings.4.Moziwasaman______behaviorwasoftenunusual.5.Moziwasateacher______principlesweredifferentfromthoseof

Confucius.whosewhenwhosewhowhichwhenwherewhose6.Itwasatime_____philosopherscouldhavepositionsingovernments.7.Hecamefromanarea_____peoplewereverypoor.

wherewhenwhowhichwhenwherewhoseMatchsentences1-4withsentencesA-D.1.Forexample,itisthecountryinwhichsilkwasfirstinvented.2.HeisamanofwhomChinacanbeproud.3.ThebookinwhichprintingwasfirstusedwascalledTheDiamondSutra.A.SuSongwasaneleventh-centurymonkwho(m)verylittleisknownabout.B.ThebookwhichprintingfirstappearedinwascalledTheDiamondSutra.4.SuSongwasaneleventh-centurymonkaboutwhomverylittleisknown.1:C2:D3:B4:AC.Forexample,itisthecountrywhichsilkwasfirstinventedin.D.Heisamanwho(m)Chinacanbeproudof.Rewritethesesentencesasintheexamplesinactivity1.1.Themanwho(m)Iamthinkingofinventedthefirstrealclock.ThemanofwhomIamthinkinginventedthefirstrealclock.2.Thesearetheleaveswhichsilkismadefrom.Thesearetheleavesfromwhichsilkismade.Thisisthehouseinwhichtheinventorlived.4.Thisisthehousewhichtheinventorlivedin.3.Heisapersonwho(m)everyonehasheardof.Heisapersonofwhomeveryonehasheard.1.We’reintheregion.Printingwasfirstinventedinthisregion.Connectthesesentencesusingthegivenphrases.ofwhich

atwhich

towhomofwhom

inwhich

We’reintheregioninwhichprintingwasfirstinvented.2.Itisaninvention.Heisveryproudofthisinvention.Itisaninventionofwhichheisveryproud.ofwhich

atwhich

towhomofwhom

inwhich

HeisamanofwhomI’mafraidbecausehehasinventedsomethingdangerous.3.Heisaman.Iamafraidofthisman

becausehehasinventedsomething

dangerous.ofwhich

atwhich

towhomofwhom

inwhich

Isthattheinventortowhomyouweretalking?4.Themachineisveryold.Youare

lookingatthatmachine.Themachineatwhichyou’relookingisveryold.5.Isthattheinventor?Youwere

talkingtohim.ofwhich

atwhich

towhomofwhom

inwhich

1.Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.FunctionGivingreasonsLookatthesesentences.Underlinethewordsthatarethesameinbothsentences.2.Often,thereasonwhypeopleareunhappyisthattheydonothaveenoughlove.Rewritethesentences.Example:

IlikereadingaboutancientChinabecausethephilosophyisveryinteresting.ThereasonwhyIlikereadingaboutancientChinaisthatthephilosophyisveryinteresting.1.Weremembertheancientphilosophersbecausetheirideasareimportant.Thereasonwhyweremembertheancientphilosophersisthattheirideasareimportant.2.Iboughtthebookbecauseitisaboutphilosophy.ThereasonwhyIboughtthebookisthatitisaboutphilosophy.3.Menciusresignedbecausetherulerwasnotfollowinghisadvice.ThereasonwhyMenciusresignedwasthattherulerwasnotfollowinghisadvice.4.Mozihatedtheideaofwarbecausehethoughtpeopleshouldnotkilleachother.ThereasonwhyMozihatedtheideaofwarwasthathethoughtpeopleshouldnotkilleachother.用适当的关系词填空。TaiDongisasmallcityinsoutheastTaiwan1.________Igrewup.MyfamilymovedtherefromTaipeithesummer2.________Iwasborn.Thehousein3.________IgrewupisonamainstreetinTaiDong.Myfathersoldtea,andmymotherhadasmallrestaurantacrossfromourhouse.where

when

which

Acousinofmine4.________familyIvisitedeverysummerlivedwithus.Hewasanapprentice(学徒)5.__________________myfatherwasteachingtheteabusinessto.Onthefirstfloorofourhousewehadahugekitchen6.________weallgatheredfordinner.Thebedroomswereupstairs.whose

whom/who/thatwhere

Mybrotherandmyc