2022-2023学年湖北省武汉市部分学校联合体高二（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年湖北省武汉市部分学校联合体高二（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ATheBestWaytoNapAstudypublishedinthejournalHeartfoundalinkbetweenhealthynapping（打盹）andaloweredriskofheartdisease.TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationpointsoutthatnapscanimprovememory，learningcapacityandmood.SaraMednick，PhD，aneuroscienceattheUniversityofCaliforniaexplainsthatwhenyoufallasleep，yourbodymovesthroughstagesthateachplayaroleinhealth.Idealnappingtimesarebasedaroundthisfour-stagecycle.

Stage1the"dozingoff"（打瞌睡）periodStage2muscles，heartrateandbrainactivityslowdownStage3deep，restorativesleepStage4REM（rapideyemovement）sleep，whenbrainactivityincreasesandyou'remostlikelytodreamThe20-minutenapBetween20and30minutesisonenappingsweetspot，accordingtoMednick，whoexplainsthatyougetenoughStage2sleeptoswitchyourbodyandmindintofullrelaxationmode，aidingwithmemory.The60-minutenapStage3sleepisatimeforyourbodytorepairtissue，strengthentheimmune（免疫）systemandrechargeenergystores.Butwakingupduringthisphasecanmakeyoufeeluncomfortableandsleepy，Mednicksays.MostpeoplestarttomoveoutofStage3afteraround60minutes，whichmakesitagoodtimetosetyouralarm.The90-minutenapAcompletesleepcycleisaboutanhourandahalf，andnappingforafullcyclecanhavebigbenefits.Butnapslongerthan90minutescandisturbnighttimesleepandmightevenweakenmemory.Notaregularnapper？That'sOK."Everyoneneedstorest，butnoteveryonenecessarilyneedstonap，"saysMednick.1.Duringwhichphasemayyouhaveadream？______A.Stage1 B.Stage2 C.Stage3 D.Stage42.Howlongmaythefirst3stageslast？______A.Aquarter. B.Onehour.

C.Halfanhour. D.Oneandahalfhours.3.Whichsectionisthetextprobablytakenfrominanewspaper？______A.News. B.Education. C.Lifestyle. D.Health.BOnmyfirstround-the-worldtripin2006,Iplannedeverythingoutinadvance.IknewwhereIwasgoing,stayingforhowlong,andhow1wouldgetthere.Andthenhalf-waythroughIditchedtheplanandwentwiththeflow(随大流).Overtheyears,howIplanmytravelhaschanged.Now,Iˈmalast-minuteplannerandseldomtravelwithanyplan.Travelingwithoutaplangivesyougreatflexibility(灵活性).Sincenothingisbookedfarinadvance,youcanturntosomethingdifferentwhenyouchangeyourmindorsomethingbettercomesalong.IchangedmyplanstomeetafriendonanislandinThailandandstayedforamonth.IwouldnˈthavehadthatexperienceifIhadkepttomyplannedschedule.However,mostnewtravelersaretheopposite—theyoverplanttheirtrips.Theirwholejourneyisscheduled.Twodayshere,threedaysthere.Iunderstandwhypeopledothat.Whentimeisshort,youwanttoseeasmuchaspossible.Youdonˈtwanttowasteasinglesecond.Actually,itisbettertoslowdownyourpace.Spendingmoretimeinoneplaceallowsyoutogetabetterfeelfortherhythmoflife.Youcanvisitatamorerelaxedpace,seemorethanjusttheattractions,andopenupyourscheduletothehappyaccidentsoftravel.WhenIfirstmademytravelplan,Itriedtoincludeeverythinginit.ThenIrealizeditwasunrealistic,andrevisedmyplan.IcameupwithalistofoneortwothingsIwanttoseeeachdayandspacedeverythingout.Itˈsanimportantlessontolearn.Ithinkthebesttripplanistoworkoutthegeneralpathyouwanttotake,bookthefirstfewnightsofyourtrip,andletyourtravelsunfoldfromthere.Thiswayyouareneverlockedintoacertainplaceifyourfeelingschange.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ditched”inParagraph1mean?A.Considered. B.Discussed. C.Dropped. D.Prepared.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.Helivesaneasylife.

B.Hespendsalotoftimetraveling.

C.Heenjoystravelingfreely.

D.Hepreferstofollowotherswhentraveling.6.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestabouttraveling?A.Workingoutasimpletravelplan.

B.Avoidingbookinginadvance.

C.Gettingpreparedfortheunexpectedthings.

D.Settingagoalbeforemakingatravelplan.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.InTravel,LessIsMore

B.WhyIEnjoyTravelingAround

C.Traveling:PlayMore,PayLess

D.Traveling:ARaceAgainstTheClockC

ZwingmannteachesonlinecoursesonAIandhelpsclientsmakeuseofartificialintelligence.Lately,hehasbeengeneratinglecturenotesusingChatGPT."Iwentupandsaid,'OK,tellmeadetailedstepbystepofhowtheDBSCANalgorithmworks,'anditgavemethatstepbystep,"Zwingmannsaid.

TheAIchatbotChatGPTZwingmannuseshastakentheinternetbystorm.Itallowsuserstoinputquestionsthatasktheconversationalassistanttocreateaseriesofwritingtasks.Althoughthechatbotisstillinitsinfancy,ChatGPThasthepotentialtobeagame-changerforthewholeworld.

​​​​​​​

TheGPTstandsfor"GenerativePre-trainedTransformer",providingdetailedanswerstousers'questions.ThedialogueformatmakesitpossibleforChatGPTtoanswerfollowupquestions,challengeincorrectstatementsandrejectinappropriaterequests.

Ifyouhaveapassionforwritingbutaren'tsurehowtoaddatouchofelegancetoyourwords,ChatGPTcanhelp!IfyouwanttocreateyourpersonalwebpagebutknowlittleaboutHTMLcode,ChatGPTcangeneratethecodeforyou!Evenifyouareanexperienceddeveloper,ChatGPTcanhelpyouanalyzethecodeandprovideadetailedexplanationoftheerroralongwithsuggestionsforhowtofixit.

Despitelookingveryimpressive,ChatGPTstillhaslimitations.Suchlimitationsincludetheinabilitytoanswerquestionsthatarewordedaspecificwayandthelackofqualityintheresponsesitdelivers,whichsometimesseemtobereasonablebutmakenopracticalsense.

Withitswidespreaduse,thereisgrowingconcernabouthowthetoolmightbeusedtohelpstudentscreateessaysforclassassignments.Sohowgoodisitatproducingliteraryworksinthestyleofanewsarticle?AndhowdoesitswritingliveuptothelikesofHenryWadsworthLongfellow,orafilmproducerlikeBenAffleck?Judgeforyourself.8.What's

the

function

of

paragraph1?A.To

promote

an

online

course

teacher.

B.To

explain

how

lecture

notes

are

made.

C.To

offer

background

information

about

AI.

D.To

introduce

an

AI

chatbot

with

an

example.9.What

can

we

learn

about

ChatGPT

in

paragraphs

3

&

4?A.It

gives

the

user

an

answer

of

good

quality.

B.It

makes

up

a

dialogue

with

questions

input.

C.It

aids

code

developers

in

recognizing

errors.

D.It

functions

by

collecting

complex

questions.10.What

is

the

author's

attitude

to

the

AI

chatbot?A.Cautious. B.Favorable. C.Negative. D.Concerned.11.What's

the

article

about?A.The

limitations

of

ChatGPT. B.The

application

of

ChatGPT.

C.The

importance

of

ChatGPT. D.The

development

of

ChatGPT.DPadraigóDubhlaoidh，anIrishmasterviolinmaker，hascreatedtheworld'sfirst-everveganviolin，valuedat&8，000.

Anamateurviolinisthimself，PadraigóDubhlaoidhhaslongheldthebeliefthatanimalbodypartsaren'tneededtocreatetheinstrument."Withourplanetfacingcrisesonalmosteveryfront，thecollectivevoiceofpeoplewantingafairerfuturegrowsstrongereveryday，"hesaid."Ethical（合乎道德的）musiciansarepartofthismovementandhavelongwishedforaviolinthatisfullyveganyetretainsallthequalitiesoftheclassicinstrument.

Traditionalinstrumentsaretightlyconnectedtoanimalproducts.Likeotherwood-basedinstruments，violinsusehideglue-aproductobtainedfromtheskinsandbonesofanimals-asaprimaryadhesive（黏合剂）.Violinstringsandbowshavealsobeenknowntocontainivoryandhorsetailhair.Usingtraditionaltoolsandmethods，Padraigchosenaturalreplacementssuchassteamedpears，berries，andspringwatertocreatetheinstrument.Hisadhesive，composedinpartofspringwatergatheredfromthehillsbehindhishome，is100%natural.

Morethanjustanethicalstepintherightdirection，Padraigsayshisnaturaladhesivehasotheradvantages.Hesaid，"Duringmyexperiments，Idiscoveredthattheveganviolinhasunexpectedadvantages.Apartfromthebenefittoanimals，society，andourenvironment，ithasbecomeveryclearthatanimal-basedglueshaveharmfuleffectsonviolins，inducingpowerfultensiononwoodencomponents.Theadhesiveusedinmyveganviolin，however，hasnosucheffect.Thisisanacoustic（声音的）improvement.

WhilePadraigdoesn'tthinkeveryonewillswitchtotheveganviolinimmediately，hedoesthinkthere'sabrightfutureaheadforhisinstrumentandtheconceptofveganinstruments.Hecontinuestomakebothveganandnon-veganviolinsinhisworkshops.However，hesaid，"Justaspetrolcarsaregraduallybeingreplacedwithmoreeco-friendlyoptions，thesameprogressionmayhappentoviolinsgradually，andevenmanyotherhandicrafts.12.What'sPadraig'soriginalpurposeinmakingtheveganviolin？______A.Tohelpprotecttheearth.

B.Tohaveastrongerviolinbody.

C.Toenhancethequalitiesofviolins.

D.Toinspiremoremusicianstoplayclassicalmusic.13.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlyfocuson？______A.Theprocessofmakinginstruments.

B.Thefeaturesoftraditionalinstruments.

C.Thereasonsforinstruments'containinganimalproducts.

D.Thecomparisonbetweentraditionalinstrumentsandthenewviolin.14.WhatmakesPadraigsurprisedathisviolin？______A.Itdoesnoharmtoanimals. B.Itproducesevenbettersounds.

C.Itneedsfurtherimprovements. D.Ithasmanyunknownfunctions.15.WhatdoesPadraigthinkofthefutureofveganviolins？______A.Theywillfacegreatchallenges.

B.Theywillexperienceupsanddowns.

C.Theywillbeacknowledgedgradually.

D.Theywillbesoldataffordablepricessoon.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）TheColorRun，alsoknownastheHappiestfive-kilometerontheEarth，isauniqueeventthatcelebrateshealthandhappiness.Itmightbetheperfecteventtoaddtoyourcommunity，company，ororganization.Maybeyouwillconsideritdifficulttoorganizeanevent.（1）______

Gettheexactnumberofrunners.Youcancreateanonlinesign-upformthroughyourwebsiteoremail.（2）______Bydoingso，youcanordertherightamountofcolorrunpowder（粉末）.

Makesurerunnersmakegoodpreparations.（3）______Notethisinyourpre-registrationformsandeventnoticestospreadthenews.Meanwhile，encouragethemtowearsunglassestoprotecttheireyesfrompowderdust.

（4）______Theycantakeprofessionalphotographsoftheeventforyoutoshareonyourwebsite，socialmedia，orwiththelocalnewspaper.Atthesametime，considerhavingphotochancesavailableatthestartandfinishinglinesforrunnerstohavealittlefunwiththeirowngroups.

Haveagroupwarm-upbeforetherun.（5）______Giveeveryoneacolorpowderpacketandcountdownfrom10.Whentheygetto0，theycaneachthrowtheirpacket，givingeveryoneasplash（溅）ofcolorbeforeheadingoffontherace.

A.Hireaphotographerortwo.

B.GetaDJatthestartandfinishinglines.

C.Thefollowingtipscanhelpyougetitgoing.

D.Itensuresthatyouknowhowmanypeoplewillattend.

E.Youcantelleveryrunnerwearwhiteclothingtoincreasetheeffectoftheactivity.

F.Someonecanleadafunwarm-uptomakesureeveryoneisreadytowalkandrun.

G.SomeColorRunsarealsodesignedforkids，withshorterdistancesandeasierpathways.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Inourbackyardthereisabigpondwithlotsoftreesandbushes.Bothmygrandparentswerefondofourso-calledgarden.

Onemorningournewneighbor,anaggressivelyambitiousbusinessman,sawmygrandfather（1）______tworaredeodartreesaplingsonbothsidesofourgate.（2）______hesaidhehadplantedthesametreesaplingsinhisgarden.Mygrandfathergavehisplants（3）______adequateamountofwateranddidn'tgivethemfull（4）______，whileourneighborinterestedinbetter（5）______lookedafterthemtoowell.Hisplantsweremuch（6）______andgreener.

Normallyinsummer,wehavefiercethunderstorms.（7）______theextremedamage,thesestormsalsobringawelcomesudden（8）______fromtheterriblyhotclimate.Afterathunderstorm,wecameoutto（9）______thedamagetoourgardenandsawtheneighborinhisgarden,too,butlooked（10）______ashisplantshadbeenuprooted.Ourswerestanding（11）______ontheground.Surprisedtoseethis,hecameuptousandsaidwithembarrassment,"Mytrees（12）______fromtherootswhileyoursdidn't.Why？"

Mygrandfathersaid,"Yougaveyourplantsmoreattention,waterandmanure（肥料），（13）______theydidn'tneedtoworkforanything.Igaveminejustanadequateamount,lettingtheirrootsdothe（14）______；thustheirrootswentdeeperandbecamestronger."Ourneighbornoddedin（15）______Hearingthewords,Irealizedthatanythingeasilygivencanbetakenawaymuchmoreeasilyandwewillnotunderstandthehardworkittakestoearnthosethings.21.

A.moving B.purchasing C.delivering D.planting22.

A.Bytheway B.Bycoincidence C.Onthecontrary D.Incontrast23.

A.extremely B.instantly C.barely D.negatively24.

A.force B.amount C.review D.attention25.

A.requirements B.returns C.education D.access26.

A.drier B.rarer C.fuller D.wilder27.

A.Insteadof B.Regardlessof C.Butfor D.Apartfrom28.

A.addition B.relief C.protection D.awareness29.

A.infer B.control C.prevent D.inspect30.

A.tired B.upset C.bored D.ashamed31.

A.firm B.wide C.fairly D.flexibly32.

A.cameoff B.putoff C.tookoff D.showedoff33.

A.so B.if C.though D.unless34.

A.majority B.opposite C.sort D.rest35.

A.total B.detail C.approval D.turn四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.On

Aug

13，four

Chinese

irrigation

sites

won

global

（1）______（recognize）and

were

added

to

the

2018list

of

Heritage

Irrigation

Structures，among（2）______

Dujiangyan

is

the

oldest

and

only

surviving

damless

irrigation

system

in

the

world．

Built

over

2，000years

ago

in（3）______is

now

Sichuan

Province

in

Southwest

China，this

amazing

engineering

achievement

is

still

playing

a

crucial

role

in

irrigating

farms

and

providing

water

resources

for

more

than

50cities

in

the

province．

In

ancient

times，the

region

in

which

Dujiangyan

now

stands

（4）______

（threaten）by

frequent

flooding

from

the

Minjiang

River．Li

Bing，a

local

official

of

Sichuan

Province

at

that

time，together

with

his

son，decided

to

construct

an

irrigation

system

on

the

Minjiang

River（5）______

（prevent）flooding．After

many

studies，they

found

the（6）______

（simple）solution

was

to

build

a

dam，but

this

would

have

ruined

the

Minjiang

River．So

instead

Li

designed

a

series

of

（7）______

（channel）built

at

different

levels

along

Mount

Yulei

that

would

take

away

the

floodwater

while

leaving

the

river

flowing（8）______（natural）．Better

still，the

extra

water

could

be

directed

to

the

dry

Chengdu

Plain，（9）______（make）it

suitable

for

farming．

Ever

since

the

great

Dujiangyan

Irrigation

System

was

completed，the

Chengdu

Plain

has

been

free（10）______

flooding

and

the

people

there

have

been

living

peacefully．五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.6月5日是世界环境保护日（WorldEnvironmentDay）。作为中学生，我们应该为环境保护贡献自己的一份力量，请以"HowtoProtecttheenvironment"为题写一篇英语短文，就目前环境存在的问题谈谈你的看法和建议。要点包括：

1）目前环境存在的问题；

2）作为中学生应该采取的措施（至少三条）。

注意：1）词数80左右；

2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Igrewupinapoorfamilywithsixbrothers,threesisters,myfatherandmother.Wehadlittlemoneyandfewgoods,butplentyofloveandattention.Iwashappyandenergetic.Iunderstoodthatnomatterhowpoorapersonwas,hecouldstillaffordadream.

Mydreamwasathletics.BythetimeIwassixteen,Icouldthrowaninety-mile-per-hourfastballandhitanythingmovingonthefootballfield.AndIwassoluckythatmyhigh-schoolcoachwasOllieJarvis,whonotonlybelievedinme,butoftentoldme"Dreamispriceless".However,whenIwasabouttogetofftheground,oneparticularincidenthappened,whichalmostruinedmylong-helddream.

Itwasthesummerholidayinseniortwoandafriendrecommendedmeforasummerjob.Iwasoffered﹩12.25perhour.Comparedwiththeaverage﹩3.5，thatwasabigsum.Iwassoexcited,becausethismeantachanceformoneyinmypocket,certainlymoneyforanewbikeandnewclothes,andthestartofsavingsforahouseformymother.Theprospect（前景）ofthejobwasinviting,andIwantedtojumpattheopportunity.

ThenIrealizedIwouldhavetogiveupsummerbaseballtrainingtohandletheworkschedule.Ididn'tdaretotellmycoach,IthoughtoftheadvicemymotheroftengavemewhenIlackedcourage,"Ifyoumakeyourbed,youhavetolieinit."Idecidedtotalktomycoachinperson.Afterall,mydreamofbuyingmymomahouseandhavingmoneyinmypocketwasworthfacinghisdisappointmenttome.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150字左右。

2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

Igatheredmycourageandknockedathisdoor._________________

Thatquestionremindedmeofwhatmycoachusedtosay.______________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、B、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Stage4：REM（rapid

eye

movement）sleep，when

brain

activity

increases

and

you'remost

likely

to

dream（REM（快速眼动）睡眠，此时大脑活动增加，你最有可能做梦）可知，在第四阶段，人们会做梦。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Stage

3

sleep

is

a

time

for

your

body

to

repair

tissue，strengthenthe

immune（免疫）system

and

recharge

energy

stores.Butwaking

up

during

this

phase

can

make

you

feel

uncomfortable

andsleepy，Mednick

says.Most

people

start

to

move

out

of

Stage

3after

around

60

minutes，which

makes

it

a

good

time

to

set

youralarm.（第三阶段睡眠是身体修复组织、增强免疫力的时间（免疫）Mednick说，但在这个阶段醒来会让你感到不舒服和困倦。大多数人在大约60分钟后开始离开第三阶段，这是设置闹钟的好时机。）可知前三个阶段持续一小时。故选B。

（3）文章出处题。根据第二段SaraMednick，PhD，acognitiveneuroscientist（认知神经学家）attheUniversityofCalifornia，Irvine，andauthorofThePoweroftheDownstate，explainsthatwhenyoufallasleep，yourbodymovesthroughstagesthatplayaroleinhealth.（加州大学欧文分校的认知神经科学家、ThePoweroftheDownstate—书的作者SaraMednick博士解释说，当你入睡时，你的身体会经历几个与健康有关的阶段。）可知，文章详细介绍了小睡和健康的关系，说明文章出自报纸的健康版面。故选D。

本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是小睡的好处和小睡的几个阶段。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】C、C、A、A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了有人旅行的时候，过度计划自己的行程，而作者认为旅行的时候要放慢脚步，更好地感受生活的节奏。

1.

根据第一段Onmyfirstround-the-worldtripin2006,Iplannedeverythingoutinadvance.IknewwhereIwasgoing,stayingforhowlong,andhow1wouldgetthere.Andthenhalf-waythroughIditchedtheplanandwentwiththeflow(随大流).Overtheyears,howIplanmytravelhaschanged.Now,Iˈmalast-minuteplannerandseldomtravelwithanyplan.（2006年我第一次环球旅行时，我提前计划好了一切。我知道我要去哪里，呆多久，以及我将如何到达那里。然后中途我

计划，顺其自然。多年来，我计划旅行的方式发生了变化。现在，我是一个最后一刻的计划者，几乎不带着任何计划旅行。）可知，作者原来制定好了旅行计划，但是后来开始顺其自然，所以可推知作者是放弃了计划，

意为"放弃"。A.Considered考虑；B.Discussed讨论；C.Dropped放弃；D.Prepared准备。故选C。

2.

根据第二段Traveling

without

a

plan

gives

you

great

flexibility

（灵活性）.Since

nothing

is

booked

far

in

advance，you

can

turn

to

something

different

when

you

change

your

mind

or

something

better

comes

along.I

changed

my

plans

to

meet

a

friend

on

an

island

in

Thailand

and

stayed

for

a

month.I

wouldn't

have

had

that

experience

if

I

had

kept

to

my

planned

schedule.（没有计划的旅行给了你很大的灵活性。因为没有什么东西是提前预订的，当你改变主意或有更好的东西出现时，你可以转向不同的东西。我改变了计划，去泰国的一个岛上见一个朋友，在那里待了一个月。如果我坚持我的计划日程，我就不会有这种经历。）可知，作者喜欢没有提前计划的旅行，可以自由地随时更改行程。C.He

enjoys

traveling

freely.（他喜欢自由旅行。）故选C。

3.

根据最后一段I

think

the

best

trip

plan

is

to

work

out

the

general

path

you

want

to

take，book

the

first

few

nights

of

your

trip，and

let

your

travels

unfold

from

there.This

way

you

are

never

locked

into

a

certain

place

if

your

feelings

change.（我认为最好的旅行计划是确定你想要走的大致路线，预订旅行的前几个晚上，然后让你的旅行从那里展开。这样，如果你的感觉改变了，你就不会被限定在一个特定的地方。）可知，作者建议制定一个简单的旅行计划，这样就可以根据情况随时调整。A.Working

out

a

simple

travel

plan.（制定一个简单的旅行计划。）故选A。

4.

根据最后一段When

I

first

made

my

travel

plan，I

tried

to

include

everything

in

it.Then

I

realized

it

was

unrealistic，and

revised

my

plan.I

came

up

with

a

list

of

one

or

two

things

I

want

to

see

each

day

and

spaced

everything

out.（当我第一次制定旅行计划时，我试着把所有的东西都包括进去。后来我意识到这是不现实的，于是修改了我的计划，我列出了一张清单，上面列出了我每天想看的一两件事，把每件事都隔开了，这是我要学习的重要一课。）以及文中阐述的无计划旅行和慢旅行的优点，可知作者认为在旅行中不要把所有的事情都计划在内，日程安排不必太多，否则会减少很多旅行的乐趣。所以A.In

Travel，Less

Is

More.（在旅行中，少即是多。）为最佳标题。故选A。

8~11.【答案】D、C、A、B【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT在互联网上掀起了一场风暴。它允许用户输入问题，让会话助手创建一系列的写作任务。虽然聊天机器人仍处于起步阶段，但ChatGPT有潜力改变整个世界的游戏规则。

1.

根据第一段内容（Zwingmann教授关于人工智能的在线课程，并帮助客户利用人工智能。最近，他一直在用ChatGPT生成课堂笔记。”我走过去说，“好吧，告诉我DBSCAN算法如何工作的详细步骤，”它一步一步地告诉了我，”Zwingmann说。）可推知，第一段的作用是用一个例子介绍一个人工智能聊天机器人。故选D。2.

根据第四段中的Evenifyouareanexperienceddeveloper,ChatGPTcanhelpyouanalyzethecodeandprovideadetailedexplanationoftheerroralongwithsuggestionsforhowtofixit.（即使您是一名经验丰富的开发人员，ChatGPT也可以帮助您分析代码，并提供错误的详细解释以及如何修复错误的建议。）可知，ChatGPT帮助代码开发人员识别错误。故选C。3.

根据第四段内容（如果你对写作充满热情，但不知道如何为你的文字增添优雅，ChatGPT可以帮助你！如果你想创建自己的个人网页，但对HTML代码知之甚少，ChatGPT可以为你生成代码！即使您是一名经验丰富的开发人员，ChatGPT也可以帮助您分析代码，并提供错误的详细解释以及如何修复错误的建议。）以及倒数第二段中的Despitelookingveryimpressive,ChatGPTstillhaslimitations.（尽管看起来令人印象深刻，ChatGPT仍然有局限性。）可知，文章说明了其优点和局限性，即可推知，作者对人工智能聊天机器人的态度是谨慎的。故选A。4.

根据第二段内容（茨温格曼使用的聊天机器人ChatGPT在互联网上掀起了一场风暴。它允许用户输入问题，让会话助手创建一系列的写作任务。虽然聊天机器人仍处于起步阶段，但ChatGPT有潜力改变整个世界的游戏规则。）及结合文章主要介绍了人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT在互联网上掀起了一场风暴。它允许用户输入问题，让会话助手创建一系列的写作任务。虽然聊天机器人仍处于起步阶段，但ChatGPT有潜力改变整个世界的游戏规则。可知，这篇文章是关于ChatGPT的应用。故选B。

12~15.【答案】A、D、B、C【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段的Anamateurviolinisthimself，PadraigóDubhlaoidhhaslongheldthebeliefthatanimalbodypartsaren'tneededtocreatetheinstrument.（作为一名业余小提琴手，帕德雷格•杜布莱伊德一直认为，制作这种乐器并不需要动物的身体部位。）和下文hesaid."Ethical（合乎道德的）musiciansarepartofthismovementandhavelongwishedforaviolinthatisfullyveganyetretainsallthequalitiesoftheclassicinstrument."（他说。"有道德的音乐家是这一运动的一部分，他们一直希望小提琴是完全素食的，但保留经典乐器的所有品质。"）可推断，Padraig制作这把纯素的小提琴的最初目的是为了有助于保护地球。故选A。

（2）段落大意题。根据第三段的Traditionalinstrumentsaretightlyconnectedtoanimalproducts.Likeotherwood-basedinstruments，violinsusehideglue-aproductobtainedfromtheskinsandbonesofanimals-asaprimaryadhesive（黏合剂）.Violinstringsandbowshavealsobeenknowntocontainivoryandhorsetailhair.Usingtraditionaltoolsandmethods，Padraigchosenaturalreplacementssuchassteamedpears，berries，andspringwatertocreatetheinstrument.Hisadhesive，composedinpartofspringwatergatheredfromthehillsbehindhishome，is100%natural.（传统乐器与动物产品紧密相连。像其他的木质乐器，小提琴使用隐藏粘—一种从动物的皮和骨头获得产品—作为主要黏合剂。小提琴的弦和弓也被认为含有象牙和马尾毛。帕德里格使用传统的工具和方法，选择蒸梨、浆果和泉水等自然替代品来制作乐器。他的粘合剂是用他家后面山上收集的部分泉水制成的，100%纯天然。）可推断，本段对比了传统乐器和这把新的小提琴。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Duringmyexperiments，Idiscoveredthattheveganviolinhasunexpectedadvantages.（在我的实验中，我发现纯素小提琴有一些意想不到的优势。）和Theadhesiveusedinmyveganviolin，however，hasnosucheffect.Thisisanacoustic（声音的）improvement.（然而，在我的素食小提琴中使用的粘合剂没有这样的效果。这是声学上的改进。）可知，令Padraig吃惊的是他的小提琴甚至有更好的声音。故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段的However，hesaid，'Justaspetrolcarsaregraduallybeingreplacedwithmoreeco-friendlyoptions，thesameprogressionmayhappentoviolinsgradually，andevenmanyotherhandicrafts.'（然而，他说："就像汽油车逐渐被更环保的选择所取代一样，小提琴甚至其他许多手工艺品也可能逐渐发生同样的变化。"）可推断，Padraig认为纯素小提琴的未来会逐渐被认可。故选C。

本文是记叙文。文章讲述了爱尔兰小提琴制作大师PadraigóDubhlaoidh制作了世界上有史以来第一把纯素小提琴，倡导保护地球和动物。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

16~20.【答案】C、D、E、A、F【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文Maybeyouwillconsideritdifficulttoorganizeanevent（也许你会觉得组织一项活动很困难）；以及后文给出的四个建议，所以C选项"以下提示可以帮助您顺利组织"可以承接前文的话题，引出后文的建议，故选C。

（2）推理判断题。根据前文Gettheexactnumberofrunners.Youcancreateanonlinesign-upformthroughyourwebsiteoremail（获取跑步者的确切数量。您可以通过网站或电子邮件创建在线注册表格），可知D选项"它确保你知道有多少人会参加"可以承接前文建议组织者获取跑步者的确切数量的话题，介绍这个做法的作用，故选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据主题句Makesurerunnersmakegoodpreparations（确保跑步者做好准备）；以及后句Notethisinyourpre-registrationformsandeventnoticestospreadthenews（在您的预注册表格和活动通知中注意这一点，以传播新闻），可知E选项"你可以告诉每个跑步者穿白色衣服来增加活动的效果"符合本段的主题确保跑步者做好准备，后句this代指everyrunnerwearwhiteclothing，故选E。

（4）主题判断题。根据后文Theycantakeprofessionalphotographsoftheeventforyoutoshareonyourwebsite，socialmedia，orwiththelocalnewspaper（他们可以拍摄活动的专业照片，供您在网站、社交媒体或当地报纸上分享），可知A选项"雇佣一两名摄影师"可以作为本段的主题彩虹跑需要雇佣摄影师拍摄以便宣传，They代指aphotographerortwo，故选A。

（5）推理判断题。根据主题句Haveagroupwarm-upbeforetherun（跑步前进行集体热身），可知F选项"有人可以带领一场有趣的热身赛，确保每个人都准备好走路和跑步"可以承接主题集体热身，介绍具体的做法，故选F。

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了顺利举行彩虹跑的建议。

做题步骤：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。

步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。

步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。

步骤五：区分相似项。

21~35.【答案】D、B、C、D、B、C、D、B、D、B、A、A、A、D、C【解析】（1）D．考查动词及语境理解。A.moving移动；B.purchasing购买；C.delivering投递；D.planting种植。句意：一天早上，我们的新邻居，一个雄心勃勃的商人，看到我祖父在我家大门口的两边各种了一棵罕见的菩提树。根据下文的hesaidhehadplantedthesametreesaplingsinhisgarden.可知，此处用"种植"符合语境，故选D项。

（2）B．考查短语及语境理解。A.Bytheway顺便说；B.Bycoincidence碰巧；C.Onthecontrary相反；D.Incontrast相比之下。句意：很巧，他说他在自己的花园里中了相同的树苗。结合上下文可知，两人都种了这种罕见的树，这巧合，故选B项。

（3）C．考查副词及语境理解。A.extremely特别地；B.instantly立即；C.barely几乎不；D.negatively消极地，否定地。句意：我祖父几乎不会给树苗浇足够的水，也不非常关心它们，然而我们的邻居期待有更好的回报，把他的树苗照顾的非常好。根据句意可知，上下文是对比关系，根据下文的lookedafterthemtoowell可推测作者的祖父机会不会给树苗浇充足的水，故选C项。

（4）D．考查名词及语境理解。A.force武力；B.amount

数量；C.review评论；D.attention关注。句意：我祖父几乎不会给树苗浇足够的水，也不非常关心它们，然而我们的邻居期待有更好的回报，把他的树苗照顾的非常好。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者的祖父既不给充足的水，也不太关心树苗，故选D项。

（5）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.requirements要求；B.returns回报；C.education教育；D.access接近，通路。句意：我祖父几乎不会给树苗浇足够的水，也不非常关心它们，然而我们的邻居期待有更好的回报，把他的树苗照顾的非常好。根据句意可知，作为商人的邻居为了更好的回报，所以把树苗照顾得很好，故选B项。

（6）C．考查形容词及语境理解。A.drier更干的；B.rarer更稀少的；C.fuller更茂盛的；D.wilder更野蛮的。句意：他的树苗更茂盛也更绿。根据greener可知此处应选择正向的形容词，故选C项。

（7）D．考查介词短语及语境理解。A.Insteadof代替，而非；B.Regardlessof不管；C.Butfor要不是；D.Apartfrom除了。句意：除了造成严重的破坏外，这些暴风雨也会在极热的气候里带来受人们欢迎的安慰。根据句意可知，此处是指暴风雨除了带来破坏，也会带来好处，故选D项。

（8）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.addition附加物；B.relief欣慰；C.protection保护；D.awareness意识。句意：除了造成严重的破坏外，这些暴风雨也会在极热的气候里带来受人们欢迎的安慰。结合上下文可知，此处是指暴风雨让干旱已久的植物得到了充足的水分，这是令人欣慰的事情，故选B项。

（9）D．考查动词及语境理解。A.infer推断；B.control控制；C.prevent阻止；D.inspect检查。句意：在一个雷暴天气之后，我们出去检查花园的受损情况，看到邻居也在他的花园里，但看起来很沮丧，因为他的树苗已经被连根拔起。根据句意可知，此处用"检查受损情况"符合语境，故选D项。

（10）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A.tired劳累的；B.upset沮丧的；C.bored无聊的；D.ashamed羞愧的。句意：在一个雷暴天气之后，我们出去检查花园的受损情况，看到邻居也在他的花园里，但看起来很沮丧，因为他的树苗已经被连根拔起。根据下文的hisplantshadbeenuprooted可知此处用"沮丧的"符合语境，故选B项。

（11）A．考查副词及语境理解。A.firmly牢固地；B.widely广泛地；C.fairly公平地；D.flexibly灵活地。句意：我们的树苗牢牢地立在地面。根据下文的Mytrees___（12）___

fromtherootswhileyoursdidn't.Why？可知两家的树苗的状况截然相反，故此处用"牢牢地立在地面"符合语境，故选A项。

（12）A．考查动词短语及语境理解。A.cameoff脱落，脱离；B.putoff

推迟；C.tookoff起飞，脱下；D.showedoff炫耀。句意："我的树从根部脱落，而你们却没有，为什么呢？"

根据上文的hisplantshadbeenuprooted可知此处用"脱落"符合语境，故选A项。

（13）A．考查连词及语境理解。A.So因此；B.if如果；C.t