2022-2023学年云南省昆明市高二（下）期末英语试卷

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年云南省昆明市高二（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AFourNewNatureTravelBooksBritishWoodland

EburyPublishing，£22.

DiscoverthesecretworldofourtreeswiththisbookbybushcraftandsurvivalexpertRayMears，whotakesusonajourneyfromtheplantingoftheveryfirstseedlinginBritainathousandyearsagotothepresentday.Thebooklookstoourancestorstoshowhowman'shandiscriticalinshapingwoodland.It'sstructuredaroundhowwecan"use"ourwoods，providingaroottoexploresomeofBritain'smostremarkabletrees.

NorthYorkMoors&YorkshireWolds

BradtGuides，£15.99.

A"slowtravel"guidetooneofBritain'smostbelovedlandscapes，thisnewlyupdatedbookremainstheonlystand-aloneguidetotheregion.WrittenbyYorkshireresident，outdoorsenthusiastandtravelwriterMikeBagshaw，ittakesinsandybeaches，woodlandsandchalkgrasslands.Ithasinformationonwalkingandcyclepaths，aswellaswildlife-watchingareas.Whale-anddolphin-watchingtoursarealsocovered.

WildIsles

HarperCollins，£25.

ThisrichphotographicguideaccompaniesthenewBBCdocumentaryseriesofthesamename，whichseesSirDavidAttenboroughcelebratethewondersofBritishwildlifeacrossarangeofhabitats.WrittenbynaturalhistoryjournalistPatrickBarkhamandproducerAlastairFothergill，eachchapterofthebookfocusesonaparticularkindofwildspace，fromourwidevarietyofgrasslandstoouroceanshores，woodlandsandremainingforests.

Springwatch

BBCBooks，£18.99.

ExploretheUK'srichestregionsforwildlifewith100walkschosenfortheiruniqueplantsandanimals.WrittenbyWales-basedtraveljournalistLukeWaterson，withaforeword（前言）byChrisPackham，thisnewguideispublishedtogetherwiththecurrentSpringwatchBBCTVseriesandfeatureswalksthatbestrevealthediversityofBritishnature.1.WhatisBritishWoodlandabout？______A.Survivalskills. B.ThejourneytoBritain.

C.Ancestors'hardships. D.Theexplorationofwoodland.2.Bywhomisthecheapestbookwritten？______A.RayMears. B.MikeBagshaw.

C.PatrickBarkham. D.LukeWaterson.3.WhatdoWildIslesandSpringwatchhaveincommon？______A.BothareadaptedforTVseries.

B.Botharewrittenbyco-authors.

C.Bothfocusonphotographytechniques.

D.BothrevealthediversityofBritishculture.BAnartisttransformingacitybypaintingitshousesdifferentcolorshasrevealedherlateststreetof63"rainbow"homes.TashFrootkohasbeenpaintinghousesinGloucestersince2018——givingamakeovertoentirestreetsandsquares.

Localssayithascreatedabetteratmosphere——andhasevenseenhousevaluesrisebyupto30percent.NowTash，44，hasrevealedherbiggestprojectyetwith63housesonHopewellStreetpaintedinboldandvividcolors.

ItisTash'sfifthtransformationinthecityandisherlargestprojecttodate.Thepropertydeveloper，whohaslivedinGloucesterforthepasttwodecades，said："Itshowswhatanindividualwithavisioncanachieve——Istartedthesetransformationsastherewassuchanegativemorale（士气）abouttheappearanceofthecity.Theresponsefromthecommunity，itsschoolsandvisitorstothestreethasbeenoverwhelminglypositive."

"Iwillcontinuetoworkcompletelyvoluntarilysothateverypennyoffundinggoestowardsmakingtheareashine."ThenewhomemakeovershavealsobeenaccompaniedbyahugeflowerpaintingbystreetartistSophieMess，paintingsbyStuartDoustandaspecialdoorinstallationandrainbowstaircase.

Residentsofthenewlytransformedstreethavesharedtheirthoughtsonthe"remarkable"regeneration.RobWilks，whohaslivedonthestreetfor63years，said："Thetirelessworkshedoesbehindthescenestofixthestreetsissuesisadmirable.Shehasbroughtlove，fun，colorandlaughtertothestreet."

Tash'sprojectbeganin2018withpaintingthehousesonasmallstreetto"refresh"localareaswithcreativity.Now，sheissetontransformingentirepartsofthecityandtransformingthemintohuge"outdoorartgalleries".4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"makeover"inparagraph1mean？______A.Comment. B.Description. C.Improvement. D.Demonstration.5.WhydidTashcarryoutthe"rainbow"program？______A.Topracticeherartisticskills.

B.Toinspireresidentstolivegreen.

C.Tobeautifythelooksofthecity.

D.Tocallonthepublictopursuedreams.6.Whatdoesthetransformationbringabout？______A.Housevaluesareincreased.

B.Morevolunteersareinvolvedinit.

C.Thenumberofhouseshasdecreased.

D.Thecommunityhasbecomeanartcentre.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？______A.ProjectsLaunchedtoAttractVisitors.

B.PleasuresBroughttoGloucesterCity.

C.TakingaPrideintheCity'sDevelopment.

D.TransformingCitiesbyPaintingHouses.CSleepisanimportantbiologicalprocessforpeopleandanimals.Butsomemammals（哺乳动物），likethenorthernelephantseal，survivewithmuchlesssleep.

Researchersinanewstudydescribedtheunusualsleeppatternoftheseoceananimals.Theyfoundthatwhenthesemammalsgotofeedontripsthatcanlastsevenmonths，theysleepjusttwohours.Thosetwohoursofsleeparemadeupofshortmomentsofrestlastingonly10minuteseachastheydivedeeptoavoidpredators（天敌）.

Theseals'sleeptimeduringoceantripsisdifferentfromthe10hoursadaytheyspendsleepingonthecoastduringmatingseasonatplaceslikeCalifornia'sAnoNuevobeach.

Theresearchersplacedaheadcoveringwithsensors（传感器）ontheheadsofthesealsthattheystudied.Thesensorsrecordedsleepsignalscreatedbytheseals'brainsandheartrate.Thesensorsalsorecordedtheanimals'locationanddepthbeneaththesea.Theresearchersstudiedfemalesealsbecausetheygooutonlongopen-oceantripswhilemalesfeedincoastalwaters.

Duringdiveslastingabout30minutes，thesealswentintoadeepsleepcalledslow-wavesleepwhilekeepingacontrolleddownwardmovement.Whentheythenexperiencedrapid-eye-movement（REM）sleep，aconditionwherevoluntarymovementwhilesleepingstops，thesealsfellintoaturningpattern.Theysometimesendedupwithoutmovementontheseafloor.

TerrieWilliams，ascientistattheUniversityofCaliforniawhohelpedwritethestudy，said，"ItisremarkablethatawildanimalwillfallintodeepREMsleepwhentherearepredatorsonthehunt."Sheaddedthatthesealssolvethisproblembygoingintodeepsleepinthedeeppartsoftheoceanswherepredatorsusuallydonothuntthem.8.Whatisconsideredunusualfornorthernelephantsealsduringfeedontrips？______A.Restingfortwohoursonendeveryday.

B.Divingdeeptoescapetheirpredators.

C.Havinga10-minutesleep12timesaday.

D.Spending10hourssleepingonthebeach.9.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout？______A.Whattostudyintheresearch. B.Howtheresearchiscarriedout.

C.Whentolocateseals'location. D.Wheremalesealshuntforfood.10.Whathappensduringtheseals'slow-wavesleep？______A.Theykeepmovingdownward. B.Theyremainstillintheocean.

C.Theyfallintoaturningpattern. D.Theymovetheireyesrapidly.11.WhatdoesTerriethinkoftheseals'sleeppattern？______A.Unbelievable. B.Impractical. C.Terrible. D.Admiring.DAnewsmartwatchappwarnsuserswhoaredeaforhardofhearingaboutnearbysounds，suchasmicrowavebeepsorcarhorns.

"Themainmotivationcamefrommyownexperience，andconversationsthatmycolleaguesandIhavehadwithdeafandhardofhearingpeopleoverseveralyears，"saysDhruvJain，whopresentedthesystem，calledSoundWatch，atthevirtualASSETSconferenceonOctober28.

Jain，whoishardofhearing，usesSoundWatchathometoavoidsleepingthroughasmokealarm."Onanaturewalk，it'lltellmethatthere'sbirdschirping（吱喳叫），ortheremightbeawaterfallnearby，"hesays."Thosesoundsmakemefeelmorepresentandconnectedtotheworld."

Soundawarenessappsforsmartphonesexist.ButJainpreferstheimmediatesoundnotifications（提示）onhiswrist，ratherthaninhispocket——andsurveysofpeoplewhoaredeaforhardofhearingshowhe'snotalone.

TheSoundWatchapppairsanAndroidsmartwatchandphone.Thewatchrecordssurroundingnoisesandsendsthatdatatothephoneforprocessing.Whenthephonedetectsasoundofinterest，thesmartwatchvibrates（震动）anddisplaysanotification.

Jain，acomputerscientistattheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattle，andcolleaguesdesignedtheapptoidentify20noises.Inexperiments，SoundWatchcorrectlyidentifiedthose20sounds81.2percentofthetime.Whensettolistenonlyforurgentnoises——afirealarm，doorknockoralarmclock——theappwas97.6percentaccurate.EightdeafandhardofhearingpeoplewhousedSoundWatcharoundauniversitycampusgavetheappbroadlyfavorablereviews，butnotedthattheappmisclassifiedsomesoundsinnoisyoutdoorsettings.

JainandcolleaguesarenowworkingonaversionofSoundWatchthatuserscantraintorecognizenewsounds，suchastheirownhousealarm，usingjustafewrecordings.12.Fromwhichsectionofawebsiteisthetextmostprobablytaken？______A.Tech. B.Health. C.Environment. D.Culture.13.WhatdoweknowaboutSoundWatch？______A.Itcamefromreal-lifeexperiences.

B.Itwasthefirstsoundawarenessapp.

C.Itwillvibratewhennoisesarerecorded.

D.Itcanmakeusersheartherealsounds.14.What'sthefunctionofparagraph5？______A.Totelltheconvenienceoftheapp.

B.Toillustratehowtheappworks.

C.Tostatetheimportanceoftheapp.

D.Toshowwhentheappdetectssounds.15.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheappfromtheexperiments？______A.Itcandistinguishallsounds.

B.Itissensitivetourgentnoises.

C.Universitystudentspraiseithighly.

D.Anewversionhasreplacedthepreviousone.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Asmostchildrenhaveanaturalinterestinbothcookingandscreens，playingfreecookinggamesonlinewithyourchildmaybeanexcellentwaytointroducethemtotheworldoffoodatanearlyage.（1）______.Theyprovideanumberofdevelopmentalandeducationalbenefitsaswell.

Cookinggamesforkidsdevelopcreativity.（2）______bylettingthemexperimentwithrawmaterials，recipes，andpreparationmethods.Suchgamescanhelpkidsdevelopagrowthmindset，creativity，andthefreedomtomaketheirownchoices.

Cookinggamescanimprovesocialskills.Mostcookinggamesofferanin-builtsocialspace.Forexample，playingmultiplayerortwo-playergamesallowschildrentointeractwithothers，solveproblemsincooperation，andsoon.Thisisespeciallyconvenientforthosewhohavedifficultyreachingouttoothersintherealworld.Onlinegamescanhelpthempracticetheircommunicationskills.（3）______.

Cookinggamesboostconfidenceandindependence.Whenkidstaketheinitiative，finishatask，orfollowdirectionscorrectly，theyfeelgoodaboutthemselvesandproudofwhatthey'vedone.（4）______，theyaremorelikelytogrowupwithafeelingofconfidence，responsibilityandindependence.

（5）______.Theactofcooking，whethervirtualorintherealworld，requiresalotofcountingandmeasuring，whichpromotesthedevelopmentoffundamentalmathematicalabilities.Additionally，theyrequirekidstoperformvariouskitchentasksorreadtherecipesorlistsofrawmaterialsandthenfollowthedirections，teachingthemtoread，andimprovingtheirvocabulary.

A.Iftheyhavetrustintheirownskills

B.Whentheylearnhowtosolvedisagreements

C.Cookinggamespromotemathandreadingskills

D.Manycookinggamesaremorethanjustafunactivity

E.Playinginthekitchenhelpskidslearntosolveproblems

F.Theyencouragekidstotrynewthingsandthinkoutsidethebox

G.Therefore，theyeventuallyfeelmoreconfidentmakingfriendsinreallife16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Formanyenthusiasts，cyclingisagoodwaytoincreasephysicalstrength.ButforLiDongju，itisalsoawayto（1）______herpsychologicalstate.Sinceherfirstlong-distancetriptoSoutheastAsiainNovember2014，the65-year-oldretiree，has（2）______todifferentregionsinChinaaswellas12countriesaroundtheworld.

Li（3）______asadexperiencewhichmadeherfeelseverely（4）______.Shetriedanumberofwaystofeelbetter，buttheydidn'treally（5）______.Sometimes，shespentover20hoursadayplayinggames，whichmadehermentalstateevenworsebecauseshewasn'tsleepingenough.Shealsotriedto（6）______hergrandsonbutwasn'tableto，whichmadehersadandhelpless.

Attheendof2013，Li'ssonboughtheramountainbikeandtoldheritmight（7）______herwithanewwaytooccupyhertime.Sherealizedthatsheshouldn't（8）______hersonanymore，soshedecidedtogiveitago.Shebegancyclingeveryday.Atfirst，sheonlyfeltconfidentenoughtorideclosetohome，butafterafewdays'（9）______，shestartedgoingaroundthesuburbs.Gradually，the（10）______ofcyclingrelaxedherphysicallyandmentally.Shealsomadefriendswithothercycling（11）______asaresult.

Liboughtsomeprofessionalequipmentandbeganto（12）______alongjourney，duringwhichshewasabletoenjoythewonderful（13）______ofChinaandothercountriesaswellasdifferentculturesandtraditions.Sheoftenfeltdeeply（14）______bypeopleshemetontheway.

"Cyclinghas（15）______mealot，"shesaid."Iamhappytosharemyexperiences，andIhopeIcanhelpothersjustasthepeopleImethelpedme."21.

A.evaluate B.face C.improve D.remain22.

A.driven B.flown C.hiked D.cycled23.

A.suffered B.analyzed C.ignored D.described24.

A.embarrassed B.depressed C.puzzled D.scared25.

A.happen B.end C.matter D.work26.

A.cooperatewith B.quarrelwith C.lookafter D.relyon27.

A.present B.treat C.help D.serve28.

A.bother B.remind C.interrupt D.confuse29.

A.wait B.recovery C.rest D.practice30.

A.fortune B.pleasure C.tension D.curiosity31.

A.coaches B.repairers C.competitors D.enthusiasts32.

A.break B.recall C.plan D.assess33.

A.views B.adventures C.costumes D.performances34.

A.surprised B.impressed C.annoyed D.disappointed35.

A.prevented B.balanced C.changed D.qualified四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.TheRichfieldMuseumofFineArtisproudtopresentournewexhibition，"FromShangtoQing：ChineseArtThroughtheAges".Join（1）______（we）asweexploremorethan3，000yearsofwonderfulartfromtheMiddleKingdom.Frombronzebowlstoinkwashpaintings，ourgoalis（2）______（display）theChineseartisticgeniusfromancienttimes.

（3）______ishighlightedofthisexhibitionisthepaintingClearingAfterSnowonaMountainPass，oneofthegreatworksofTangYin（1470-1524）.BornduringtheMingDynasty，Tangsoughtandfailedtogainentryintothecivilservice，（4）______heturnedtopaintinginstead.Intime，hegained（5）______（recognize）asoneofthegreatestartistsChinahaseverknown.Thispainting，（6）______（show）highmountains，trees，andhousescoveredinsnow，wasmadewithextraordinaryskill.Thoughitisover500yearsold，itlooksasfreshandfulloflifeasthedaywhenit（7）______（create）.

FinallywehavemanyfineexamplesofTangDynasty（618-907）sculptures.Chinesesculpturethusfounditself（8）______（high）influencedbyBuddhistartbroughtfromIndiaandCentralAsiathrough（9）______SilkRoad.TheseworkswereintendedtospreadBuddhismandtheyare（10）______exceptionalbeautyandquality.Lookingatthefacesofthefiguresinthesesculptures，oneseesthefacesofthepast.Historyisbroughttolife.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是李华，你校刚刚举行了劳动实践活动，请你为学校网站英语栏目写一篇报道。内容包括：

（1）活动目的；

（2）活动内容；

（3）个人感受。

注意：

写作词数应为80个左右。38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Igrewupinalargefamilyoftwelvesiblings（兄弟姐妹）.Weweren'tpoorbymoststandards，butthingsweredefinitelyhardforus.Myparentsneversharedtheirfinancialworries，choosinginsteadtoletushaveacarefreechildhood.ButIknew，aschildrenoftendo，thatthereweretimestheywentwithoutandthatcertainthingsmyfriendshadwouldn'tbeavailabletome.

Backinthosedays，hotlunchwasaluxuryforthewealthierkids，andhot-lunchbuyerssatseparatelyfromthestudentswhobroughtcoldlunch.MysiblingsandIbroughtlunchfromhomeeveryday：thickslicesofhomemadebread，threecookiesandasmallapple.Wewouldlookonlonginglyastherichkidsproudlysatdownwiththeirsteamingplatesoffriedchickencoldmilk，peachesandasliceofcake.

Ineversaidanything，butmyfirstgradeteacher，Mrs.Caruso，musthaveseenthedesireinmyeyes.Onedayshequietlypressedanoteintomyhandandwhispered，"Givethistoyourmother."

Ihurriedhomeandgavemymomthenote.Shereaditandsmiled."Well，Mrs.Carusosaidbecauseofallyourhardwork，shewantstobuyyourlunchtomorrow."Thenextday，Iproudlycarriedmytrayofchickenacrossthecafeteriaandtookmyseatatthehot-lunchtable.Honestly，thefoodwasn'tasgreatasIhadimagined，butIwaspleasedtobethereandfelthonoredtobeapartofthegroup.

Onerainyday，Mrs.Carusoaskedmetostayafterschool.Mystomachinstantlydroppedtothefloor.DidsheknowIhadn'tfinishedmymathsheet？Aftertheotherstudentshadleft，Mrs.Carusosaidshewasgoingtofinishherworkandthendrivemehome.Itwasraining，andsheknewIhadalongwalk.Wepulleduptomyhouseandshegotout，puttingafewbagsontheporch."TellyourmomIhadafewextrathingsshemightwant，"shesaid.Thenshedroveaway.Insidethebagswereclothes，toys，andbooks.

注意：

续写词数应为150左右；

Thatsummerday，Mrs.Carusoinvitedmeandmysiblingstoherhome.___________

Theexperiencesmadeagreatdifferenceinmylife.___________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、B、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据部分Discover

the

secret

world

of

our

trees

with

this

book

by

bushcraft

and

survival

expert

Ray

Mears，who

takes

us

on

a

journey

from

the

planting

of

the

very

first

seedling

in

Britain

a

thousand

years

ago

to

the

present

day.The

book

looks

to

our

ancestors

to

show

how

man's

hand

is

critical

in

shaping

woodland.It's

structured

around

how

we

can

"use"our

woods，providing

a

root

to

explore

some

of

Britain's

most

remarkable

trees.（这本书是丛林探险和生存专家雷•米尔斯的著作，他带领我们从一千年前在英国种植第一棵树苗到现在，探索树木的秘密世界。这本书向我们的祖先展示了人类的手在塑造林地方面是如何至关重要的。它围绕着我们如何"利用"我们的森林，为探索英国一些最引人注目的树木提供了一个基础。）可知《英国林地》讲的是对林地的探索。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据这几本书的价格可知只有North

York

Moors

&

Yorkshire

Wolds，Bradt

Guides，£15.99.（北约克荒原和约克郡世界，Bradt指南，£15.99。）以及本部分的Written

by

Yorkshire

resident，outdoors

enthusiast

and

travel

writer

Mike

Bagshaw，it

takes

in

sandy

beaches，woodlands

and

chalk

grasslands.（它由约克郡居民、户外运动爱好者和旅行作家迈克•巴格肖（MikeBagshaw）撰写，以沙滩、林地和白垩草原为主题。）可知最便宜的书是MikeBagshaw写的。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据这两部分的This

rich

photographic

guide

accompanies

the

new

BBC

documentary

series

of

the

same

name，which

sees

Sir

David

Attenborough

celebrate

the

wonders

of

British

wildlife

across

a

range

of

habitats.（这个丰富的摄影指南伴随着新的BBC同名纪录片系列，其中看到大卫•阿滕伯勒爵士在一系列栖息地庆祝英国野生动物的奇迹）；Written

by

Wales-based

travel

journalist

Luke

Waterson，with

a

foreword

（前言）by

Chris

Packham，this

new

guide

is

published

together

with

the

current

Springwatch

BBC

TV

series

and

features

walks

that

best

reveal

the

diversity

of

British

nature.（由威尔士旅游记者卢克•沃特森撰写，克里斯•帕克汉姆为前言，这本新指南将与英国广播公司（BBC）的《春天观察》（Springwatch）电视连续剧一起出版，以最能揭示英国自然多样性的徒步旅行为特色。）可知

Wild

Isles和Springwatch的共同之处是两者都被改编成电视剧。故选A。

这篇短文主要介绍了四本新的自然旅行书。其中一本是关于英国森林的，作者是野外生存专家雷•米尔斯，书中通过从一千年前在英国种下第一棵树苗开始的旅程，展示了树木的秘密世界。另一本是关于北约克郡和约克郡沃尔兹地区的，这本书是对该地区的"慢旅行"指南，提供了关于步行和骑行路径以及观赏野生动物区域的信息。第三本是关于英国野生动物的，是新的BBC纪录片系列《野生群岛》的配套图书，每一章都聚焦于特定的野生空间，从各种各样的草地到海洋海岸、森林等。最后一本是关于英国最丰富的野生动植物地区的，包含了100个选择出来的步行路线，由威尔士的旅行记者卢克•沃特森撰写，由克里斯•帕克汉姆作序，与当前的BBC电视系列节目《春季观察》一同出版。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

4~7.【答案】C、C、A、D【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段An

artist

transforming

a

city

by

painting

its

houses

different

colors

has

revealed

her

latest

street

of

63"rainbow"homes.Tash

Frootko

has

been

painting

houses

in

Gloucester

since

2018——giving

a

makeover

to

entire

streets

and

squares.（一位艺术家通过将一座城市的房屋涂成不同的颜色来改造它，她展示了自己最新的63栋"彩虹"住宅的街道。自2018年以来，AshFrootko一直在格洛斯特的房屋上作画，对整个街道和广场进行了改造。）可知，"makeover"意为"改造"。A.Comment评论；B.Description描述；C.Improvement改善，改造；D.Demonstration证明。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Locals

say

it

has

created

a

better

atmosphere

——

and

has

even

seen

house

values

rise

by

up

to

30

per

cent.Now

Tash，44，has

revealed

her

biggest

project

yet

with

63

houses

on

Hopewell

Street

painted

in

bold

and

vivid

colors.（当地人说，这创造了一个更好的氛围，甚至房价上涨了30%。现在，44岁的Tash透露了她迄今为止最大的项目，在Hopewell街上有63栋房子被涂成了大胆而生动的颜色。）可知，塔什干开展"彩虹"活动，美化城市面貌。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据第二段Locals

say

it

has

created

a

better

atmosphere

——

and

has

even

seen

house

values

rise

by

up

to

30

per

cent.（当地人说，这创造了一个更好的氛围，甚至房价上涨了30%。）可知，改造带来的房屋价值增加。故选A。

（4）标题判断题。根据全文和第一段An

artist

transforming

a

city

by

painting

its

houses

different

colors

has

revealed

her

latest

street

of

63"rainbow"homes.（一位艺术家通过将一座城市的房屋涂成不同的颜色来改造这座城市，她展示了自己最新的63栋"彩虹"房屋。）可知，这篇短文主要讲述了一位艺术家通过给房屋涂上不同的颜色来改变一个城市的故事。Transforming

Cities

by

Painting

Houses（通过粉刷房屋改造城市）是最好的标题。故选D。

本文为记叙文。这篇短文主要讲述了一位艺术家通过给房屋涂上不同的颜色来改变一个城市的故事。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

8~11.【答案】B、A、A、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Those

two

hours

of

sleep

are

made

up

of

short

moments

of

rest

lasting

only

10

minutes

each

as

they

dive

deep

to

avoid

predators

（这两个小时的睡眠是由短暂的休息组成的，每次只持续10分钟，因为它们会潜入深海躲避捕食者。）可知，北方海豹会潜入深海来躲避捕食者。故选B。

（2）段落大意题。根据第四段The

sensors

recorded

sleep

signals

created

by

the

seals'

brains

and

heart

rate.The

sensors

also

recorded

the

animals'

location

and

depth

beneath

the

sea.（传感器记录了海豹大脑和心率产生的睡眠信号。传感器还记录了这些动物在海底的位置和深度。）可知，第四段主要介绍了研究人员的研究内容。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第五段During

dives

lasting

about

30

minutes，the

seals

went

into

a

deep

sleep

called

slow-wave

sleep

while

keeping

a

controlled

downward

movement.（在持续约30分钟的潜水中，海豹进入一种称为慢波睡眠的深度睡眠，同时保持有控制的向下运动。）可知，海豹在慢波睡眠中会保持向下运动。故选A。

（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段ItisremarkablethatawildanimalwillfallintodeepREMsleepwhentherearepredatorsonthehunt.（当有捕食者在捕猎时，野生动物会进入深度快速眼动睡眠，这是非常了不起的。）可知，Terrie认为海豹的睡眠模式是非常了不起的。A.Unbelievable（令人难以置信的）；B.Impractical（不切实际的）C.Terrible（可怕的）；D.Admiring（钦佩的）。故选D。

这篇短文主要介绍了北象海豹等一些哺乳动物在海洋中生存时睡眠时间明显减少的情况。研究人员通过对海豹进行观察和记录，发现它们在长达七个月的觅食旅行中只睡两个小时，而这两个小时的睡眠是由每次只持续10分钟的短暂休息组成的，以避免被捕食者发现。与此相比，在交配季节的海岸地区，海豹每天睡眠10个小时。研究人员还通过在海豹头部安装传感器来记录它们的睡眠信号、心率、位置和深度。研究人员指出，海豹在潜水时会进入深度睡眠，而在快速眼动（REM）睡眠时，它们会进入一个转动的模式，有时甚至会停止在海底的运动。研究人员表示，海豹通过在深海中进入深度睡眠来解决在有捕食者的情况下入睡的问题。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12~15.【答案】A、A、B、B【解析】（1）文章出处题。通读全文可知这篇短文主要介绍了一款新的智能手表应用程序，因此最有可能取自网站的科技部分。A.Tech（科技）；B.Health（健康）；C.Environment（环境）；D.Culture（文化）。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The

main

motivation

came

from

my

own

experience（主要的动机来自我自己的经历）可知，SoundWatch系统的主要动机来自于真实的生活经历。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据第五段The

watch

records

surrounding

noises

and

sends

that

data

to

the

phone

for

processing.When

the

phone

detects

a

sound

of

interest，the

smartwatch

vibrates（震动）

and

displays

a

notification.（手表会记录周围的噪音，并将数据发送给手机进行处理。当手机检测到感兴趣的声音时，智能手表就会震动并显示通知。）可知，第五段的作用是为了说明应用程序是如何工作的。故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段In

experiments，SoundWatch

correctly

identified

those

20

sounds

81.2

percent

of

the

time.When

set

to

listen

only

for

urgent

noises

——

a

fire

alarm，door

knock

or

alarm

clock

——

the

app

was

97.6

percent

accurate.（在实验中，SoundWatch识别出这20种声音的正确率为81.2%。当设置为只听火警、敲门声或闹钟等紧急声音时，这款应用的准确率为97.6%。）可推断，SoundWatch对紧急噪音的敏感度更高。故选B。

这篇短文主要介绍了一款新的智能手表应用程序，可以提醒听力有障碍的用户附近的声音，如微波炉蜂鸣声或汽车喇叭声。作者Dhruv

Jain表示，这个系统名为SoundWatch，他的主要动机来自于自己的经历以及与听力有障碍的人多年来的交流。该应用程序通过将周围的声音记录下来并发送到手机进行处理，当手机检测到感兴趣的声音时，智能手表会震动并显示通知。作者和他的同事正在开发SoundWatch的一个版本，用户可以通过几个录音来训练它识别新的声音，比如他们自己家里的警报声。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16~20.【答案】D、F、G、A、C【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文As

most

children

have

a

natural

interest

in

both

cooking

and

screens，playing

free

cooking

games

online

with

your

child

may

be

an

excellent

way

to

introduce

them

to

the

world

of

food

at

an

early

age（由于大多数孩子对烹饪和屏幕都有着天生的兴趣，与孩子一起在线玩免费的烹饪游戏可能是在孩子很小的时候向他们介绍食物世界的一个很好的方式）；以及后文Theyprovide

a

number

of

developmental

and

educational

benefits

as

well（它们还提供了许多发展和教育方面的好处），可知表示"许多烹饪游戏不仅仅是一项有趣的活动"的选项D以承接前文烹饪游戏的话题，和后句一起介绍做烹饪游戏的好处，故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据主题句Cooking

games

for

kids

develop

creativity（烹饪游戏可以培养孩子们的创造力）；以及后半句by

letting

them

experiment

with

raw

materials，recipes，and

preparation

methods前文（通过让孩子们尝试原材料、食谱和准备方法），可知表示"他们鼓励孩子们尝试新事物，跳出框框思考"的选项F以承接主题烹饪游戏可以培养孩子们的创造力，具体介绍这种创造力尝试新事物，跳出框框思考，故选F。

（3）推理判断题。根据前文Online

games

can

help

them

practice

their

communication

skills（在线游戏可以帮助他们练习沟通技巧），可知表示"因此，他们在现实生活中交朋友最终会更有信心"的选项G以承接前文在线游戏可以帮助他们练习沟通技巧的话题，介绍练习沟通技巧的作用，构成因果关系，故选G。

（4）推理判断题。根据前文When

kids

take

the

initiative，finish

a

task，or

follow

directions

correctly，they

feel

good

about

themselves

and

proud

of

what

they've

done（当孩子们采取主动、完成任务或正确地遵循指示时，他们会自我感觉良好，并为自己所做的事情感到自豪）；以及后半句they

are

more

likely

to

grow

up

with

a

feeling

of

confidence，responsibility

and

independence（他们在成长过程中更有信心、责任感和独立感），可知表示"如果他们信任自己的技能"的选项A以承接前文孩子自豪感的话题，介绍如果他们信任自己的技能，他们会更有信心、责任感和独立感，故选A。

（5）主题判断题。根据后文The

act

of

cooking，whether

virtual

or

in

the

real

world，requires

a

lot

of

counting

and

measuring，which

promotes

the

development

of

fundamental

mathematical

abilities.Additionally，they

require

kids

to

perform

various

kitchen

tasks

or

read

the

recipes

or

lists

of

raw

materials

and

then

follow

the

directions，teaching

them

to

read，and

improving

their

vocabulary（烹饪行为，无论是在虚拟世界还是在现实世界中，都需要大量的计数和测量，这可以促进基本数学能力的发展。此外，它们还要求孩子们执行各种厨房任务，或者阅读食谱或原材料清单，然后按照指示进行，教他们阅读，并提高他们的词汇量），可知表示"烹饪游戏促进数学和阅读技能"的选项C以作为本段的主题烹饪游戏促进数学和阅读技能，the

development

of

fundamental

mathematical

abilities和teaching

them

to

read，and

improving

their

vocabulary是关键词，故选C。

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了在线烹饪游戏对孩子发展和教育方面的几个好处。

做题步骤：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。

步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。

步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。

步骤五：区分相似项。

21~35.【答案】C、D、A、B、D、C、D、A、D、B、D、C、A、B、C【解析】（1）考查动词。A.evaluate评估；B.face面对；C.improve改善；D.remain保持。句意：但对李冬菊来说，这也是一种改善心理状态的方式。根据her

psychological

state可知，此处指的是改善心理状态。故选C。

（2）考查动词。A.driven开车；B.flown流动；C.hiked徒步；D.cycled骑自行车。句意：自从2014年11月她第一次去东南亚长途旅行以来，这位65岁的退休老人已经骑自行车去了中国的不同地区以及世界上的12个国家。根据后文She

began

cycling

every

day.可知此处是指骑车去别的地方。故选D。

（3）考查动词。A.suffered遭受；B.analyzed分析；C.ignored忽略；D.described描述。句意：李经历了一段悲伤的经历，这使她感到非常沮丧。根据asadexperience可知此处是指遭受悲伤的经历。故选A。

（4）考查形容词。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.depressed沮丧的；C.puzzled迷惑的；D.scared害怕的。句意：李经历了一段悲伤的经历，这使她感到非常沮丧。根据a

sad

experience可知遭受不好的经历会使她沮丧。