某银行笔试之英语阅读真题

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ATaleofScottishRuralLife

LewisGrassicGibbon’sSunsetSong(1932)wasvoted“thebestScottishnovelofalltime”byScottish’sreadingpublicin20051OnceconsideredshockingforitsfrankdescriptionofaspectsofthelivesofScotland’spoorruralfarmers，ithasbeenadaptedforstage，film，TVandradioinrecentdecades.

ThenovelissetonthefictionalestateofKinraddie，inthefarmingcountryoftheScottishnorthwestintheyearsuptoandbeyondWorldWarI.AtitsheartisthestoryofChris，whoisbothpartofthecommunityandalittleoutsideit.

GrassicGibbongivesusthemostdetailedandintimateaccountofthelifeofhisheroine.Wewatchhergrowthroughachildhooddominatedbyhercruelbuthard-workingfather；experiencetragedy(hermother’ssuicideandmurderofhertwinchildren)；andlearnaboutherfeelingsasshegrowsintowoman.Weseehermarry，loseherhusband，thenmarryagain.Chrishasseemedsoconvincingafiguretosomefemalereadersthattheycannotbelievethatsheisthecreationofaman2.

ButitwouldbemisleadingtosuggestthatthisbookisjustaboutChris.Itistrulyanovelofaplaceanditspeople.ItsopeningsectiontellsofKinraddie’slonghistory，inalanguagethatimitatestheplace’schangingpatternsofspeechandwriting.

Thestoryitselfisamazinglyfullofcharactersandincidents.ItistoldfromChris’pointofviewbutalsofromthatofthegossipingcommunity，acommunitywhereeverybodyknowseverybodyelse’sbusinessandnothingiseverforgotten.

SunsetSonghasasocialthemetoo.ItisconcernedwithwhatGrassicGibbonperceivesasthedestructionoftraditionalScottishrurallifefirstbymodernizationandthenbyWorldWar1.Gibbontriedhardtoshowhowcertaincharactersresistthewar.Despitethis，thewartakestheyoungmenaway，anumberofthemtotheirdeaths.Inparticular，ittakesawayChris’husband，EwanTavendale.ThewarfinallykillsEwan，butnotinthewayhiswidowistold.Infact，theGermansaren’tresponsibleforhisdeath，buthisownside.Heisshotbecauseheissaidtohaverunawayfromabattle.

Ifthenovelisabouttheendofonewayoflifeitalsolooksahead.Itisa“SunsetSong”butisconcernedtoowiththenewKinraddie，indeedofthenewEuropeanworld.GrassicGibbonwentontopublishtwoothernovelsabouttheplacethatcontinueitsstory.

练习：

1.WhatisSunsetSongmainlyabout?

A)TheFirstWorldWar.

B)Thebeautyofthesunset.

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座龄2福.金Wh土ic宣h饶st掏at配em宜en总t磨is最N绘OT弹t弄ru那e骡of军C验hr迅is淹?

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茄菜答案拳与题怒解：

糖旦1院.忆D献问题彻问的摧是《胜日落锣歌》阔主要农讲的牺是什否么?岗选项耻A说美的是离：第垫一次宅世界旺大战守。选胡项B鬼说的找是：厕日落波之美抖。选塔项C欢说的宪是：草新欧震洲世铺界。确选项师D说歪的是昨：苏捐格兰码农夫恐的生亩活。恢选项芬D是哄正确俱的，桶相关裳的信撑息可差在第多一段遮中找棉到。

瓶带2厕.执D宣问题历问：脆哪个约陈述裤对C守hr分is记是不张符的税?选鸡项A延说的奸是：兰她是聋《日捐落歌苏》中湾的女铸主人洞公。恐选项仅B说呈的是颠：她笋的童未年很瞎苦。听选项酒C说窑的是款：她奴是由撤一个刺男人耗创作多出来同的。损选项泽D说号的是丙：她铺只结哀过一蒸次婚谈。D津不对丸。第思三段弦有这桃么一恢句话沸：W统e究se砍e穴he买r期ma葡lt乱y，免lo丝se蔽h储er陵h邀us救ba技nd恶，t圾he伍n堤ma呀rr物y猴ag化ai吗n.指我们渗看见店她结抽婚，花失去牧丈夫素，后捉来又封结婚代。

拳院3曲.灵B妙问题卖问的悟是：带小说塑的开隔头部袜分主努要说衬了些遮什么英?选啦项A辉说的刚是：民Ki缓nr海ad漂di女e的吼气候侵。选甲项B考说的摘是：得Ki己nr续ad峡di辨e的夜历史脏。选客项C没说的榴是：纳Ki罪nr甩ad开di绿e的孔地理闹。选撞项D善说的亭是：极Ki鞋nr乳ad披di尺e说衫的语贱言。言看看匆下面经这句抄话：透It壳s窑op盼en家in辟g正se钉ct足io荐n班te润ll壮s蚁of合K谷in邪ra址dd边ie培’s敏l检on奇g被hi迅st难or祥y，陡in李a竞l甲an记gu骡ag他e确th月at罗i伤mi衡ta负te叹s扇th美e献pl滥ac当e’办s颤ch铅an涉gi朽ng畅p寿at征te鸡rn炊s龟of矛s饿pe疾ec目h朱an酸d煮wr纹it残in蛙g.两小说显的开惹头部愿分讲坐述了捎Ki拍nr未ad木di冬e的笋悠久椒历史童，讲武述时婆模仿眯了该朱地方怜变化备着的捡口头淹语和择书面你语的猴表达间方式始。可既以看重出，刚B是萌对的息。

虹掀4颠.凭A清问题奉问的链是：突根据惭Ch植ri老s，准谁杀扇死了匆Ev育an书?选忙项A哲说的附是：特德国店人。裂选项岁B说裁的是造：法攻国军仙队。彩选项鹅C说拖的是汁：英池国部宾队。琴选项铲D说并的是腥：俄追罗斯拆士兵个。B绸是正毯确的闭。倒欲数第哀二段漏有这虾么两模句话个：T歼he输w监ar述f虎in股al讲ly碗k榆il跟ls未E拥wa捕n，虎bu敲t胆no疼t换in光t亡he注w局ay丑h旬is旁w箱id森ow糖i女s席to钩ld序.I怖n补fa华ct岗，t造he然G辰er叠ma领ns逐a农re绘n’复t消re欲sp原on仰si淋bl网e姐fo婚r其hi阻s郑de执at远h，血bu翅t初hi榨s咸ow计n封si结de赠.战评争最缩后杀令死了呜Ew辈an下，但滩不是雨他的梨寡妇堂说的充那样命。事锋实上孩，德归国人煤没有虾杀他萄，是管他自窜己一服边的翅人杀写的。

轰禁5值.盯C稍问题去问的劲是：韵小说清题目路中s要un状se恳t这允个词坊的意谦思很味町能晓是哪做一个新意思胜?选竖项A可说的棋是：道女主写人公藏生命超的结槽束。充选项珍B说帮的是埋：一笔个人迁生命眨的结席束。固选项俊C说以的是铃：传抚统生酒活方荡式的辱结束采。选灯项D矮说的吨是：部一天必的结状束。猾正确份答案得是C侵。最林后一针段的鸭第一玩句话机是这蔑么说它的：京If苦t匀he家n摇ov骡el皆i钢s厚ab跟ou突t户th克e融en泄d内of细o该ne边w推ay心o捡f越li钞fe村i削t鸟al寨so圾l释oo所ks恩a读he城ad舰.如墓果小航说是筒关于圆一种籍生活鲜方式袭的结掀束，反那么纹它同京时也设是朝蚊前看饭的。

阅读下面的短文。每篇短文的后面有五个问题，每个问题有四个备选答案。请根据短文的内容选择最佳答案。每个试题计3分,共计15分

WhoWantstoLiveForever?

Ifyourdoctorcouldgiveyouadrugthatwouldletyouliveahealthylifefortwiceaslong，wouldyoutakeit?

Thegoodnewsisthatwemaybedrawingneartothatdate.Scientistshavealreadyextendedthelivesofflies，wormsandmiceinlaboratories.Manynowthinkthatusinggenetictreatmentswewillsoonbeabletoextendhumanlifetoatleast140years.

Thisseemsagreatidea.Thinkofhowmuchmoretimewecouldspendchasingourdreams，spendingtimewithourlovedones，watchingourfamiliesgrowandhavefamiliesoftheirown.

“Longerlifewouldgiveusachancetorecoverfromourmistakesandpromotelongtermthinking，”saysDrGregoryStockoftheUniversityofCaliforniaSchoolofPublicHealth.“Itwouldalsoraiseproductivitybyaddingtotheyearwecanwork.”

Longerlivesdon’tjustaffectthepeoplewholivethem.Theyalsoaffectsocietyasawhole.“Wehavewar，poverty，allsortsofissuesaround，andIdon’tthinkanyofthemwouldbeatallhelpedbyhavingpeoplelivelonger，”saysUSbioethicistDanielCallahan.“Thequestionis’Whatwillwegetasasociety?’Isuspectitwon’tbeabettersociety.”

Itwouldcertainlybeaverydifferentsociety.Peoplearealreadyfindingitmoredifficulttostaymarried.Divorceratesarerising.Whatwouldtomarriageinasocietywherepeoplelivedfor140years?Andwhatwouldhappentofamilylifeifnineor10generationsofthesamefamilywereallaliveatthesametime?

Researchintoageingmayenablewomentoremainfertileforlonger.Andthatraisestheprospectofhaving100-year-oldparents，orbrothersandsistersbom50yearsapart~.Wethinkofaneidersiblingassomeonewhocanprotectusandofferhelpandadvice.Thatwouldbehardtodoifthatsiblingcamefromacompletelydifferentgeneration.

Workinglifewouldalsobeaffected，especiallyiftheretirementagewaslifted.Morepeoplewouldstayinworkforlonger.Thatwouldgiveusthebenefitsofage-skill，wisdomandgoodjudgement.

Ontheotherhand，morepeopleworkingforlongerwouldcreategreatercompetitionforjobs.Itwouldmakeitmoredifficultforyoungerpeopletofindajob.Toppostswouldbedominatedbythesamefewindividuals，makingcareerprogressmoredifficult.Andhoweasilywoulda25-year-oldemployeebeabletocommunicatewitha125-year-oldboss?

Youngpeoplewouldbeasmallerpartofasocietyinwhichpeoplelivedto140.Itmaybethatsuchasocietywouldplacelessimportanceonguidingandeducatingyoungpeople，andmoreonmakinglifecomfortablefortheold.

Andsocietywouldfeelverydifferentifmoreofitsmemberswereolder.Therewouldbemorewisdom，butlessenergy.Youngpeopleliketomoveabout.Oldpeopleliketositstill.Youngpeopletendtoactwithoutthinking.Oldpeopletendtothinkwithoutacting.Youngpeoplearecuriousandliketoexperiencedifferentthings.Oldpeoplearelessenthusiasticaboutchange.Infact，theyarelessenthusiasticabouteverything.

Theeffectofanti-ageingtechnologyisdeeperthanwemightthink.Butasthescienceadvances，weneedtothinkaboutthesechangesnow.

“Ifthiscouldeverhappen，thenwe’dbetteraskwhatkindofsocietywewanttoget，”saysDanielCallahan.“Wehadbetternotgoanywherenearit2untilwehavefigurethoseproblemsout.”

练习：

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasoneofthethingsthatlivinglongermightenableanindividualtodo?

A)Spendingmoretimewithhisfamily.

B)Havingmoreeducation.

C)Realizingmoredreams.

D)Workinglonger.

2.Whichofthefollowingisimpliedinthesixthparagraph?

A)MarriagesintheUStodayarequiteunstable.

B)MoreandmorepeopleintheUStodaywanttogetmarried.

C)Livinglongerwouldmakeiteasierforpeopletomaintaintheirmaritalties.

D)Ifpeoplelivelonger，theywouldstayinmarriagelonger.

3.AllofthefollowingarepossibleeffectslivinglongermighthaveonworkinglifeEXCEPT

A)Communicationbetweenemployersandemployeeswouldbemoredifficult.

B)Moremoneywouldbeusedbyemployeesinpaymentoftheiremployees.

C)Thejobmarketwouldbemorecompetitive.

D)Itwouldbemoredifficultforyoungpeopletobepromotedtotoppositions.

4.Animportantfeatureofasocietyinwhichpeoplelivealonglifeisthat

A)itplacesmoreemphasisoneducatingtheyoung.

B)itisbothwiseandenergetic.

C)itlacksthecuriositytoexperimentwhatisnew.

D)itwelcmeschanges.

5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesCallahan’sattitudetoanti-ageingtechnology?

A)Optimistic.

B)Pessimistic.

C)Reserved.

D)Negative.

答案与题解：

1.B长寿使个人能做的事主要在第3、4段里讲到，作者没有提到长寿可以让人更多地接受教育

2.A本题答案以下面的这两句话为依据：Psoplearealreadyfindingitmoredifficulttostaymarried.Divorceratesarerising.暗示美国人目前的婚姻关系已经十分脆弱。

3.B文章的第9段讲了寿命延长、退休推迟可能带来的种种问题，但作者没有提到雇佣者需要更多的钱来支付员工的工资。

4.C答案可以在10、11这两段里找到。

5.C本题的答案依据可以在最后一段里找到。Callahan认为在搞清楚长寿社会会给我们带来哪些问题之前，最好不要急着搞抗衰老的技术。可见他对抗衰老技术的发展是有保留的。

阅读下面的短文。每篇短文的后面有五个问题，每个问题有四个备选答案。请根据短文的内容选择最佳答案。每个试题计3分,共计15分

TheBestWaytoReduceYourWeight

Youhearthis：“Nowonderyouarefat.Allyoueverdoiseat.”Youfeelsad：“Iskipmybreakfastandsupper.Iruneverymorningandevening.WhatelsecanIdo?”Basicallyyoucandonothing.Yourgenes，notyourlifehabits，determineyourweightandyourbodyconstantlytriestomaintainit.

AlbertStunkardoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniafoundfromexperimentsthat，“80percentofthechildrenoftwoobeseparentsbecomeobese，ascomparedwithnomorethan14percentoftheoffspringoftwoparentsofnormalweight.”

Howcanobesepeoplebecomenormaloreventhinthroughdieting?Well，dietingcanbeeffective，butthehealthcostsaretremendous.JulesHirsch，aresearchphysicianatRockefellerUniversity，didastudyofeightfatpeople.Theyweregivenaliquidformulaproviding600caloriesaday1.Aftermorethan10weeks，thesubjectslost45kgonaverage.Butafterleavingthehospital，theyallregained.Theresultsweresurprising：bymetabolicmeasurement，fatpeoplewholostlargeamountsofweightseemedliketheywerestarving.Theyhadpsychiatricproblems.Theydreamedoffoodorbreakingtheirdiet2.Theywereanxiousanddepressed；someweresuicidal.Theyhidfoodintheirrooms.Researcherswarnthatitispossiblethatweightreductiondoesn’tresultinnormalweight，butinanabnormalstateresemblingthatofstarvednon-obesepeople.

Thinpeople，however，sufferfromtheopposite：Theyhavetomakeagreatefforttogainweight.EthanSims，oftheUniversityofVermont，gotprisonerstovolunteertogainweight.Infourtosixmonths，theyateasmuchastheycould.Theysucceededinincreasingtheirweightby20to25percent.Butmonthsafterthestudyended，theywerebacktonormalweightandstayedthere.

Thisdidnotmeanthatpeoplearecompletelywithouthopeincontrollingtheirweight.Itmeansthatthosewhotendtobefatwillhavetoconstantlybattletheirgeneticinheritanceiftheywanttosignificantlylowertheirweight.

Thefindingsalsoprovideevidenceforsomethingscientiststhoughtwastrue-eachpersonhasacomfortableweightrange3.Therangemightbeasmuchas9kg.Someonemightweigh60-69kgwithouttoomucheffort.Butgoingaboveorbelowthenaturalweightrangeisdifficult.Thebodyresistsbyfeelinghungryorfullandchangingthemetabolismtopushtheweightbacktotherangeitseeks.

练习：

1.Whatdeterminesyourweight?

A)Yourworkingmanner.

B)Youreatinghabit.

C)Yourlifestyle.

D)Yourgenes.

2.WhatdidJulesHirschdoinhisstudy?

A)Helettheeightfatpeopleskipsupper.

B)Helettheeightfatpeopleskipbreakfast.

C)Helettheeightfatpeopleruneverymorningandevening.

D)Hegavetheeightfatpeoplealiquidformulaproviding600caloriesaday.

3.Whathappenedtotheeightfatpeopleaftertheyleftthehospital?

A)Theywentmad.

B)Theykilledthemselves.

C)Theywerebacktonormalweight.

D)Theyattemptedsuicide.

4.WhatdidEthanSimsmakehissubjectsdo?

A)Battletheirgeneticinheritance.

B)Increasetheirweight.

C)Stayathome.

D)Lowertheirweight.

5.Whatdidscientiststhinkwastrue?

A)Eachpersonhasafixedweightrange.

B)Eachpersonhasaweightrangeof9kg.

C)Eachpersonwantstocontrolhisweight.

D)Eachpersonwantstoeattohisheart’scontent.

答案与题解：

1.D问题问的是：什么决定了你的体重?A说的是：你的工作方式。B说的是：你的吃饭习惯。C说的是：你的生活风格。D说的是：你的基因。正确答案是D。第一段中有这么一句话：Yourgenes，notyourlifehabits，determineyourweightandyourbodyconstantlytriestomaintainit.你的基因而不是你的生活习惯决定了你的体重，因此你的身体总是试图保持它。

2.D问题问的是：JulesHirsch在他的研究中做了什么?A说的是：他让八个胖子不吃晚饭。B说的是：他让八个胖子不吃早饭。C说的是：他让八个胖子早晚都跑步。D说的是：他给八个胖子一种每天提供600热卡的流食配方。D是正确的。第三段有这么一句话：Theyweregivenaliquidformulaproviding600caloriesaday.他们被给予一种流食配方，每天提供600热卡。

3.C问题问的是：八个胖子出院后怎么啦?A说的是：他们发疯了。B说的是：他们自杀了。C说的是：他们又回到了原来的体重。D说的是：他们试图自杀。C是正确的。第四段的最后一句话是这样的：Butmonthsafterthestudyended，theywerebacktonormalweightandstayedthere.研究结束几个月后，他们的体重又回到了原来的样子并保持不变。

4.B问题问的是：EthanSims让他的调查对象干什么?A说的是：跟他们的基因遗传物做斗争。B说的是：增加他们的重量。C说的是：呆在家里。D说的是：减少体重。第四段有一个句子是这么说的：EthanSims，oftheUniversityofVermont，gotprisonerstovolunteertogainweight.Vermont大学的EthanSims让犯人自愿增加体重。可见B是正确的答案。

5.A问题问的是：科学家认为什么是对的?A说的是：每个人的体重都有一个适当的幅度。B说的是：每个人的体重幅度是9公斤。C说的是：每个人都想控制自己的体重。D说的是：每个人都想吃得高兴。正确答案是A。最后一段的第一句话是这么说的：Thefindingsalsoprovideevidenceforsomethingscientiststhoughtwastrue-eachpersonhasacomfortableweightrange.结论还证实了科学家认为是正确的一点，即每个人的体重有一个适当的幅度。Proponentsofdifferentjazzstyleshavealwaysarguedthattheirpredecessor''smusicalstyledidnotincludeessentialcharacteristicsthatdefinejazzasjazz.Thus,1940''sswingwasbelittledbybeboppersofthe1950''swhowerethemselvesattackedbyfreejazzesofthe1960''s.Theneoboppersofthe1980''sand1990''sattackedalmosteverybodyelse.ThetitanicfigureofBlacksaxophonistJohnColtranehascomplicatedtheargumentsmadebyproponentsofstylesfrombebopthroughneobopbecauseinhisownmusicaljourneyhedrewfromallthosestyles.Hisinfluenceonalltypesofjazzwasimmeasurable.Attheheightofhispopularity,Coltranelargelyabandonedplayingbebop,thestylethathadbroughthimfame,toexploretheouterreachesofjazz.

Coltranehimselfprobablybelievedthattheonlyessentialcharacteristicofjazzwasimprovisation,theoneconstantinhisjourneyfrombeboptoopen-endedimprovisationsonmodal,Indian,andAfricanmelodies.Ontheotherhand,thisdoggedstudentandprodigioustechnician—whoinsistedonspendinghourseachdaypracticingscalesfromtheorybooks—wasneverabletojettisoncompletelytheinfluenceofbebop,withitsfastandelaboratechainsofnotesandornamentsonmelody.

TwostylisticcharacteristicsshapedthewayColtraneplayedthetenorsaxophone:hefavoredplayingfastrunsofnotesbuiltonamelodyanddependedonheavy,regularlyaccentedbeats.ThefirstledColtranetosheetsofsound”whereheracedfasterandfaster,pile-drivingnotesintoeachothertosuggeststackedharmonies.Thesecondmeantthathissenseofrhythmwasalmostasclosetorockastobebop.

ThreerecordingsillustrateColtrane''senergizingexplorations.RecordingKindofBluewithMilesDavis,Coltranefoundhimselfoutsidebop,exploringmodalmelodies.Hereheplayedsurging,lengthysolosbuiltlargelyaroundrepeatedmotifs—anorganizingprincipleunlikethatoffreejazzsaxophoneplayerOrnetteColeman,whomodulatedoralteredmelodiesinhissolos.OnGiantSteps,Coltranedebutedasleader,introducinghisowncompositions.Herethesheetsofsound,downbeataccents,repetitions,andgreatspeedarepartofeachsolo,andthevarietyoftheshapesofhisphrasesisunique.Coltrane''ssearchingexplorationsproducedsolidachievement.MyFavoriteThingswasanotherkindofwatershed.HereColtraneplayedthesopranosaxophone,aninstrumentseldomusedbyjazzmusicians.Musically,theresultswereastounding.Withthesoprano''spipingsound,ideasthathadsoundeddarkandbroodingacquiredafeelingofgiddyfantasy.

WhenColtranebeganrecordingfortheImpulse！Label,hewasstillsearching.Hismusicbecameraucous,physical.Hisinfluenceonrockerswasenormous,includingJimiHendrix,therockguitarist,who,followingColtrane,raisedtheextendedguitarsolousingrepeatedmotifstoakindofrockartform.

Theprimarypurposeofthetextisto

[A]discusstheplaceofColtraneintheworldofjazzanddescribehismusicalexplorations.

[B]examinethenatureofbebopandcontrastitwithimprovisationaljazz.

[C]analyzethemusicalsourcesofColtrane''sstyleandtheirinfluenceonhiswork.

[D]acknowledgetheinfluenceofColtrane''smusiconrockmusicandrockmusicians.

Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefourthparagraph？

[A]Athesisreferredtoearlierinthetextismentionedandillustratedwiththreespecificexamples.

[B]Athesisisstatedandthreeexamplesaregiveneachsuggestingthatacorrectionneedstobemadetoathesisreferredtoearlierinthetext.

[C]Athesisreferredtoearlierinthetextismentioned,andthreeexamplesarepresentedandrankedinorderoftheirsupportofthethesis.

[D]Athesisisstated,threeseeminglyopposingexamplesarepresented,andtheirunderlyingcorrespondenceisexplained.

Accordingtothetext,JohnColtranedidallofthefollowingduringhiscareerEXCEPT

[A]improviseonmelodiesfromanumberofdifferentcultures.

[B]performasleaderaswellassoloist.

[C]spendtimeimprovinghistechnicalskills.

[D]eliminatetheinfluenceofbeboponhisownmusic.

AccordingtothetextamajordifferencebetweenColtraneandotherjazzmusicianswasthe

[A]degreetowhichColtrane''smusicencompassedallofjazz.

[B]repetitionofmotifsthatColtraneusedinhissolos.

[C]numberofhisowncompositionsthatColtranerecorded.

[D]indifferenceColtranemaintainedtomus