2023年考研考博考博英语西南财经大学考试高频考点参考题库答案

2023年考研考博考博英语西南财经大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案（图片大小可自由调整）答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Thesuccessfulcooperationbetweenthetwocountriesshouldbebasedon（

）respectandhelp.问题1选项A.respectiveB.mutualC.simultaneousD.separate2.单选题Iadmirehercourage,compassionand（

）tothecauseofhumanity,justiceandpeace.问题1选项A.devotionB.determinationC.oppositionD.realism3.单选题Whilethedoctoranalyzedthepatient’scondition,hisfamilywaitedoutsideinconsiderable（

）.问题1选项A.tensionB.anticipationC.eagernessD.anxiety4.单选题Thehopes,goals,fearsanddesires（

）widelybetweenmenandwomen,betweentherichandthepoor.问题1选项A.alterB.varyC.transferD.shift5.单选题Thetheoryof（

）wasdevelopedbyDarwinandisnowunderstoodbynearlyeverybodyintheworld.问题1选项A.determinationB.distributionC.disciplineD.evolution6.单选题Morethanone-thirdoftheChineseintheUnitedStatesliveinCalifornia（

）inSanFrancisco.问题1选项A.previouslyB.predominantlyC.practicallyD.permanently7.翻译题Cultureisoneofthemostchallengingelementsoftheinternationalmarketplace.Thissystemoflearnedbehaviorpatternscharacteristicofthemembersofagivensocietyisconstantlyshapedbyasetofdynamicvariablelanguage,religion,valuesandattitudes,mannersandcustoms,aesthetics,technology,education,andsocialinstitutions.Tocopewiththissystem,aninternationalmanagerneedsbothfactualandinterpretiveknowledgeofculture.Tosomeextent,thefactualknowledgecanbelearnedanditsinterpretationcomesonlythroughexperience.——onehastoliveit.Twoschoolsofthoughtexistinthebusinessworldonhowtodealwithculturaldiversity.Oneisthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaround,followingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald's.Insomecases,globalizationisafactoflife;however,culturaldifferencesarestillfarfromconverging.Theotherschoolproposesthatcompaniesmusttailorbusinessapproachestoindividualcultures.Settinguppoliciesandproceduresineachcountryhasbeencomparedtoanorgantransplant,thecriticalquestioncentersaroundacceptanceorrejection.Themajorchallengetotheinternationalmanageristomakesurethatrejectionisnotaresultofculturalmyopiaorevenblindness.8.翻译题一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难，但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待劳动、工作等等的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。自古以来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉，我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。当今社会要求我们思考，生命的价值到底是什么？为自己？为社会？有衡量它的标准吗？每个人对这些问题的答案是不同的。9.单选题Iwillholdyoupersonally（

）ifanythinggoeswronginthisproject.问题1选项A.destructiveB.lucrativeC.diverseD.responsible10.单选题The（

）isnearlydead,soIcannotstartthecaragain.问题1选项A.beanB.beamC.brakeD.battery11.单选题Governmenttodayplaysanincreasinglylargerroleinthe（

）ofwelfare,economics,andeducation.问题1选项A.scopesB.rangesC.ranksD.domains12.单选题（

）energyundertheearthmustbereleasedinoneformoranother,forexample,anearthquake.问题1选项A.AccumulatedB.GatheredC.AssembledD.Collected13.单选题Ifyouwanttoteachyourchildrenhowtosaysorryyoumustbegoodatsayingityourself,especiallytoyourownchildren.Buthowyousayitcanbequitetricky.Ifyousaytoyourchildren“I’msorryIgotangrywithyou,but...”whatfollowsthat“but”canrendertheapologyineffective:“Ihadabadday.”or“yournoisewasgivingmeaheadache”leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshouldbeapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.Anothermethodbywhichpeopleappeartoapologizewithoutactuallydoingsoistosay“I’msorryyou'reupset”;thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology,whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificactthatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting,andwhichthepersonwhoisapologizingshouldpromisenevertodoagain.Saying“I‘muselessasaparent”doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement.Thesepseudo-apologiesareusedbypeoplewhobelievesayingsorryshowsweakness.Parentswhowishtoteachtheirchildrentoapologizeshouldseeitasasignofstrength,andthereforenotresorttothesepseudo-apologies.Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.Athree-year-oldmightneedhelpinunderstandingthatotherchildrenfeelpainjustashedoes,andthathittingaplaymateovertheheadwithaheavytoyrequiresanapology.Asix-year-oldboymightneedremindingthatspoilingotherchildren’sexpectationscanrequireanapology.A12-year-oldmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent’sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.1.Ifamotheradds“but”toanapology,（

）.2.Accordingtotheauthor,saying“I'msorryyou'reupset”mostprobablymeans“（

）”.3.Itisnotadvisabletousethegeneral,all-coveringapologybecause（

）.

4.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthatinteachingchildrentosaysorry（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatapologizingproperlyis（

）.问题1选项A.shedoesn’tfeelthatsheshouldhaveapologizedB.shedoesnotrealizethatthechildhasbeenhurtC.thechildmayfindtheapologyeasiertoacceptD.thechildmayfeelthatheowesheranapology问题2选项A.YouhavegoodreasontogetupsetB.I’mawareyou’reupsetbutI’mnottoblameC.IapologizeforhurtingyourfeelingsD.I’matfaultformakingyouupset问题3选项A.isgetsoneintothehabitofmakingemptypromisesB.itmaymaketheotherpersonfeelguiltyC.itisvagueandineffectiveD.itishurtfulandinsulting问题4选项A.thecomplexitiesinvolvedshouldbeignoredB.theiragesshouldbetakenintoaccountC.parentsneedtosetthemagoodexampleD.parentsshouldbepatientandtolerant问题5选项A.asocialissuecallingforimmediateattentionB.notnecessaryamongfamilymembersC.asignofsocialprogressD.notassimpleasitseems14.单选题Takethecaseofpubliceducationalone.Theprincipaldifficultyfacedbytheschoolshasbeenthetremendousincreaseinthenumberofpupils.Thishasbeencausedbytheadvanceofthelegalageforgoingintoindustryandtheimpossibilityoffindingajobevenwhenthelegalagehasbeenreached.Inviewofthetechnologicalimprovementsinthelastfewyears,businesswillrequireinthefutureproportionatelyfewerworkersthaneverbefore.Theresultwillbestillfurtherraisingofthelegalageforgoingintoemployment,andstillfurtherdifficultyinfindingemploymentwhenthatagehasbeenattained.Ifwecannotputourchildrentowork,wemustputtheminschool.Wemayalsobequiteconfidentthatthepresenttrendtowardashorterdayandashorterweekwillbemaintained.Wehavedevelopedandshallcontinuetohaveanewleisureclass.Alreadythepublicagenciesforadulteducationareswampedbythetidethathassweptoverthemsincethedepressionbegan.Theywillbelittlebetteroffwhenitisover.Theirsupportmustcomefromthetaxpayer.Itissurelytoomuchtohopethattheseincreasesinthecostofpubliceducationcanbebornebythelocalcommunities.Theycannotcareforthepresentrestrictedandinadequatesystem.Thelocalcommunitieshavefailedintheireffortstocopewithunemployment.Theycannotexpecttocopewithpubliceducationonthescaleonwhichwemustattemptit.TheanswertotheproblemofunemploymenthasbeenFederalrelief.Theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationmayhavetobemuchthesame,andproperlyso.Ifthereisonethinginwhichthecitizensofallpartsofthecountryhaveaninterest,itisinthedecenteducationofthecitizensofallpartsofthecountry.Ourincometaxnowgoesinparttokeepourneighborsalive.Itmayhavetogoinpartaswelltomakeourneighborsintelligent.WearenowattemptingtopreservethepresentgenerationthroughFederalreliefofthedestitute（贫民）.OnlyapeopledeterminedtoruinthenextgenerationwillrefusesuchFederalfundsaspubliceducationmayrequire.1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?2.Whatisthereasonfortheincreaseinthenumberofstudents?3.Thepublicagenciesforadulteducationwillbelittlebetteroffbecause（

）.4.Accordingtotheauthor,theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationisthattheFederalgovernment（

）.

5.Whydoestheauthorsay“OnlyapeopledeterminedtoruinthenextgenerationwillrefusesuchFederalfundsaspubliceducationmayrequire”(Lines11-13,Para.3)（

）.问题1选项A.Howtopersuadelocalcommunitiestoprovidemorefunds.B.Howtocopewiththeshortageoffundsforpubliceducation.C.Howtoimprovethepubliceducationsystem.D.Howtosolvetherisingunemploymentproblem.问题2选项A.Therequirementofeducatedworkersbybusiness.B.Thetrendtowardashorterworkday.C.Raisingofthelegalageforgoingtowork.D.People’sconcernforthefutureofthenextgeneration.问题3选项A.theunemployedaretoopoortocontinuetheireducationB.anewleisureclasshasdevelopedC.theyarestillsufferingfromthedepressionD.anincreaseintaxescouldbeaproblem问题4选项A.shouldallocateFederalfundsforpubliceducationB.shoulddemandthatlocalcommunitiesprovidesupportC.shouldraisetaxestomeettheneedsofpubliceducationD.shouldfirstofallsolvetheproblemofunemployment问题5选项A.OnlybyappropriatinganadequateFederalfundsforeducationcanthenextgenerationhaveabrightfuture.B.CitizensatallpartsofthecountryagreethatthebestwaytosupporteducationistouseFederalfunds.C.Peoplealloverthecountryshouldmakecontributionstoeducationintheinterestofthenextgeneration.D.EducatedpeoplearedeterminedtousepartoftheFederalfundstohelpthepoor.15.单选题Thecar,atleastasweknowit,isonthewayout,becauseitsexhaust（

）athreattotheenvironment.问题1选项A.originatesB.posesC.offendsD.paralyzes16.单选题Wemustgetthetrappedvictimsoutatoncebecausethebuildingisin（

）dangerofanexplosion.问题1选项A.opaqueB.vividC.muteD.imminent17.单选题Formostpeople,shoppingisstillamatterofwanderingdownthehighstreetorloadingacartinashoppingmall.Soon,thatwillchange.Electroniccommerceisgrowingfastandwillsoonbringpeoplemorechoice.Therewill,however,beacost;protectingtheconsumerfromfraudwillbeharder.Manygovernmentsthereforewanttoextendhigh-streetregulationstotheelectronicworld.Butpoliticianswouldbewisertoseecyberspaceasabasisforaneweraofcorporateself-regulation.Consumersinrichcountrieshavegrownusedtotheideathatthegovernmenttakesresponsibilityforeverythingfromthestabilityofthebankstothesafetyofthedrugs,ortheirrightstorefundwhengoodsarefaulty.Butgovernmentscannotenforcenationallawsonbusinesseswhoseonlypresenceintheircountryisonascreen.Othercountrieshaveregulators,buttherulesofconsumerprotectiondiffer,asdoesenforcement.Evenwhereaclearrighttocompensationexists,theon-linecataloguecustomerinTokyo,say,canhardlygotoNewYorktoextractarefundforadudpurchase.Oneanswerisforgovernmentstocooperatemore:torecognizeeachother’srules.Butthatrequiresyearsofworkandvolumesofdetailedrules.Andplentyofcountrieshaverulestoofancifulforsoberstatestoaccept.Thereis,however,analternative.Lettheelectronicbusinessesdothe“regulation”themselves.Theydo,afterall,haveaself-interestindoingso.Inelectroniccommerce,areputationforhonestdealingwillbeavaluablecompetitiveasset.Governments,too,maycompetetobetrusted.Forinstance,customersorderingmedicineson-linemayprefertobuyfromtheUnitedStatesbecausetheytrusttherigorousscreeningoftheFoodandDrugAdministration;ortheymaydecidethattheFDA’srulesaretoostrict,andbuyfromSwitzerlandinstead.Consumerswillstillneedtousetheirjudgment.Butpreciselybecausethetechnologyisnew,electronicshoppersarelikelyforawhiletobealotmorecautiousthanconsumersofthenormalsort—andthenewtechnologywillalsomakeiteasierforthemtocomplainnoisilywhenacompanyletsthemdown.Inthisway,atleast,theadventofcyberspacemayargueforfewerconsumerprotectionlaws,notmore.1.Accordingtotheauthor,whatwillbethebestpolicyforelectroniccommerce?2.Incaseanelectronicshopperboughtfaultygoodsfromaforeigncountry,whatcouldhedointhepresentcircumstances?3.Intheauthor’sview,businesseswouldplaceahighpremiumonhonestdealingbecauseintheelectronicworld（

）.

4.WecaninferfromthepassagethatinlicensingnewdrugstheFDAintheUnitedStatesis（

）.

5.Theworld“cyberspace”inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto（

）.问题1选项A.Self-regulationbythebusinesses.B.Strictconsumerprotectionlaws.C.Closeinternationalcooperation.D.Governmentprotection.问题2选项A.RefusetopayforthepurchaseB.GotothesellerandaskforarefundC.AppealtoconsumerprotectionlawsD.Complainaboutitviaelectronicmail问题3选项A.internationalcooperationwouldbemuchmoreenhancedB.consumerscouldeasilyseekgovernmentprotectionC.agoodreputationisagreatadvantageincompetitionD.itwouldbeeasyforconsumerstocomplain问题4选项A.veryquickB.verycautiousC.veryslowD.rathercareless问题5选项A.theouterspaceB.artificialintelligenceC.thecommercialworldD.computernetworks18.单选题Aftermonthsofinvestigation,thepolicemanjudgesitasa(n)（

）murder.问题1选项A.willingB.purposefulC.voluntaryD.deliberate19.单选题Itwasawonderfuloccasionwhichwewill（

）formanyyearstocome.问题1选项A.conceiveB.clutchC.cherishD.contrive20.单选题Theweatherwasn’tfavorableandbothteamshadto（

）icyrainandastrongwindduringthematch.问题1选项A.pindownB.contendwithC.getstuckinD.takecontrolof第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。respective意为“各自的，分别的”；mutual意为“相互的，彼此的，共有的”；simultaneous意为“同时发生（或进行）的，同步的”；separate意为“独立的，分开的”。句意：两个国家之间的成功合作应建立在相互尊重和帮助的基础上。2.【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。devotion奉献，忠诚，热爱；determination决心，果断；opposition反对；realism现实主义。句意：我钦佩她为了人道，正义与和平所表现出来的勇气、同情心和奉献精神。选项A符合句意。3.【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。tension意为“拉紧，（精神、局势等）紧张。”；anticipation意为“期待，希望”；eagerness意为“渴望，热心，热切”；anxiety意为“焦虑，挂虑，忧虑”。句意：医生分析病人的病情时，他的家人在外面相当焦急地等待着。4.【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。alter改变，更改；vary改变，变化；transfer转移，转变；shift转移，变换。句意：希望、目标、恐惧和欲望在男人和女人之间、富人和穷人之间大不相同。这几个词都有改变的意思，但是只有vary能和后面的between搭配，意为“在...之间变化、有差异”，所以选项B正确。5.【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。determination“决心”；distribution“分布”；discipline“学科；纪律”；evolution“演变，进化论”。句意：进化论由达尔文提出，现在几乎世界上每个人都知道这个理论。选项D符合题意。6.【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。previously“以前，预先”；predominantly“主要地”；practically“实际地”；permanently“永久地，长期不变地”。句意：超过三分之一的住在美国的中国人主要住在旧金山。选项B符合题意。7.【答案】文化是国际市场中最具挑战性的因素之一。特定社会成员的这种习得行为模式系统是由一系列动态变化的语言、宗教、价值观和习俗、美学、技术、教育和社会制度不断塑造而成的。为了应对这个系统，国际经理需要真实的文化和用于解释文化的知识。在某种程度上，事实知识可以习得，而文化的解释只能来源于经验。在处理文化环境的问题时，最复杂的问题是来自于一个人无法学到文化——他必须置身其中。商业世界中存在着两种关于如何处理文化多样性的思想流派。一种是认为全世界的商业都是公事公办，像百事和麦当劳一样。在某些情况下，全球化是无法改变的事实，然而，文化差异还远没有融合。另一种观点认为，企业必须根据不同的文化来调整经营模式。在每个国家制定政策和程序被比作器官移植，关键问题在于接受与否。国际经理面临的主要挑战是确保拒绝接受不是文化近视甚至眼盲的结果。8.【答案】Whatisthesignificanceoflife?Isthereanycriterionforitsmeasurement?Difficultasitistoadvanceanabsoluteone,itwillnotbesotojudgetheverymeaningofone’sexistencegenerallyfromwhetherheisseriousaboutlifeandwhathisattitudesaretowardsworkandlife.Throughouttheages,allpeopleofaccomplishmenttaketheirlivesseriously.Aslongastheyarealive,theywouldratherdevotethemselvestomoreworkandstudythanletasingleminuteslipbyinvain.Andthesameistrueofthecommonlaborersaswellasthegreatstatesmenandthinkersinourcountry.Nowadayssocietyrequiresustothinkwhatisthevalueoflife.Foroneself?Forthesociety?Isthereastandardtomeasureit?Everyonehasdifferentanswerstothesequestions.9.【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析题。destructive有害的，毁灭性的；lucrative获利多的；diverse不同的，多种多样的；responsible负责的，可靠的。句意：如果这个项目出了什么问题，我将追究你个人的责任。选项D符合句意。10.【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。bean“豆；毫无价值的东西”；beam“横梁，光线，电波”;bake“烤，烘烤食品”；battery“电池,蓄电池”。句意：电池没电了，所以我不能启动车。选项D符合题意。11.【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。scope“范围，眼界，视野”；range“范围；幅度”；rank“级别，等级”；domain“领域，域，域名”。句意：现在政府在很多领域扮演着重要的角色，比如福利、经济和教育等。选项D符合题意。12.【答案】A【解析】同义词辨析题。Accumulate累积，积攒，侧重于连续不断的长期的积累；Gather聚集，侧重于将分散的东西聚集到一起；Assemble集合，聚集，侧重于由于某种目的而聚集在一起；Collect收集，侧重于物品的收集，采集。句意：地下累积的能量必须以某种形式释放出来，比如地震。这里指长时间积累下来的能力，所以选项A最恰当。13.【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:C第4题:B第5题:D【解析】第1题:判断推理题。根据第二段的内容“‘but’canrendertheapologyineffective...leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshouldbeapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.”“但是”这个词会让道歉不起作用.....这让受伤害的人觉得他应该为自己的错误行为道歉，而不是期待别人的道歉。根据题干意思，如果一位母亲在道歉之后加上“but”这个词，。选项A和B均无法在原文中找到对应信息；选项C错误，这种道歉方式会让道歉无效，所以孩子并不会觉得容易接受；只有选项D“孩子可能觉得他应该向母亲道歉”符合原文，所以正确。第2题:判断推理题。根据关键句“I'msorryyou'reupset.”定位到第三段最后一句“thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.”这表明你允许自己因为别人的所作所为感到沮丧，自己多少也有错。潜在意思就是说，我知道你很难过，但这不应该怪我。选项B符合原文。第3题:判断推理题。根据第四段的内容“其次是笼统的一般性的道歉，它避免点明特别伤害或侮辱他人的具体行为，而且道歉的人应该承诺永远不再这样做。说“作为父母我很没用”并不能让一个人有任何具体的进步。”由此可推断，笼统的道歉并不能让一个人有任何具体的进步，所以它是无效的；而且是笼统的道歉，也就是模糊的，所以本题选C。第4题:细节事实题。根据最后一段首句“Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.”即使孩子们看到了真诚悔悟的例子，他们仍然需要一些帮助来意识到道歉的复杂性。选项A与原文不符，所以错误；选项C太过于片面，帮助不一定来自于父母，不能只考虑这一种因素，所以选项C也错误；选项D在文中没有提及。根据下文具体的内容可知，作者是根据孩子的年龄来具体举例的，所以选项B“孩子的年龄应该被考虑进去”符合原文。第5题:判断推理题。结合原文内容可知，本文主要讲的是父母应该如何更好的道歉以便能够教会自己的孩子道歉。不涉及社会问题，所以选项A和C范围过于宽泛，不恰当；选项B很明显不符合原文；选项D“道歉并不像看起来的那么简单”符合原文，文章列举了几种道歉的表达方法并且提及道歉具有复杂性，所以选项D正确。14.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:D第4题:A第5题:A【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是法定就业年龄的提高以及就业难度大等问题导致更多的人转而接受教育。但是由于经济大萧条的原因，公共机构以及社区无法为教育提供资金。作者认为只有依靠联邦救济才能解决问题。选项A“如何说服当地社区提供更多的资金”显然不符合原文；选项C“如何完善公共教育体系”不正确，本文主要涉及的是资金问题而不是教育体系的问题；选项D“如何解决日益严重的失业问题”不是本文的重点，本文的重点是解决教育资金短缺的问题，所以选项D不正确，选项B“如何解决公共教育经费短缺的问题”正确。第2题:细节事实题。根据第一段的二三句“Theprincipaldifficultyfacedbytheschoolshasbeenthetremendousincreaseinthenumberofpupils.Thishasbeencausedbytheadvanceofthelegalageforgoingintoindustryandtheimpossibilityoffindingajobevenwhenthelegalagehasbeenreached.”学校面临的主要困难是学生人数的大量增加。这是由于进入工业的法定年龄提高了，即使到了法定年龄也不可能找到工作。选项C符合原文。第3题:细节事实题。根据关键词“publicagenciesforadulteducation”定位到第二段的内容“Theywillbelittlebetteroffwhenitisover.Theirsupportmustcomefromthetaxpayer.”当一切结束时，他们（成人教育公共机构）的境况也不会好多少。他们的支持必须来自纳税人。由此可知，他们的主要问题在于税收，而涉及税收的只有选项D。第4题:判断推理题。根据最后一段中的“TheanswertotheproblemofunemploymenthasbeenFederalrelief.Theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationmayhavetobemuchthesame,andproperlyso.”解决失业问题的办法是联邦救济。公共教育问题的答案可能必须也是一样的，而且确实如此。由此可推断，联邦政府应该为公共教育筹集联邦资金。选项A正确。第5题:判断推理题。这句话的意思是“只有一个决心毁灭下一代的民族才会拒绝接受公共教育可能需要的联邦资金”，也就是说只有拨出足够的联邦资金来扶持教育，我们的下一代才能有光明的前途。选项A正确；选项B中的“Citizensatallpartsofthecountry”表述错误，这个观点只是作者提出的，原文也没有提及全体公民都同意这一观点；选项C“为了下一代的利益，全国人民应该为教育做出贡献”不符合原文，作者的观点是联邦资金扶持教育而不是全国人民作出贡献；选项D“受过教育的人决心用联邦基金的一部分来帮助穷人”在文中没有信息涉及，所以不正确。15.【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。originate起源，发源；pose造成问题等；offend冒犯，进攻；paralyze使麻痹。句意：至少就我们所知，汽车正在被淘汰，因为它的废气对环境造成了威胁。poseathreatto为固定搭配，表示“对...造成威胁”，所以选项B正确。16.【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析题。opaque不透明的，迟钝的；vivid生动的；mute沉默的，无声的；imminent即将来临的，迫近的。句意：我们必须立即把被困的受害者救出来，因为这个建筑有马上要爆炸的危险。所以选项D正确。17.【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:D【解析】第1题:细节事实题。文章第三段中的内容为：答案之一是各国政府更多地合作：承认彼此的规则。但这需要多年的工作和大量的详细规则。而且许多国家的规则对此来说都太不切实际了。然而，还有一种选择。让电子企业自己做“监管”，毕竟，这样做对他们是有利的。句中的“regulation”themselves即self-regulation，因此选A。第2题:细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的thenewtechnologywillalsomakeiteasierforthemtocomplainnoisilywhenacompanyletsthemdown（新技术还将使他们更容易在公司让他们失望时大声抱怨）可知D选项“通过电子邮件抱怨”符合题意。第3题:细节事实题。由文章第四段中的Inelectroniccommerce,areputationforhonestdealingwillbeavaluablecompetitiveasset.（在电子商务中，诚实交易的声誉将是一种有价值的竞争资产）可知C选项“良好的声誉是竞争中的一大优势”符合题意。第4题:推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中的Forinstance,customersorderingmedicineson-linemayprefertobuyfromtheUnitedStatesbecausetheytrusttherigorousscreeningoftheFoodandDrugAdministration;ortheymaydecidethattheFDA’srulesaretoostrict,andbuyfromSwitzerlandinstead.（例如，在线订购药品的客户可能更喜欢从美国购买药品，因为他们相信食品药品监督管理局的严格审查；或者他们可能认为FDA的规定过于严格，而选择从瑞士购买）可知FDA对药品的管理非常严格和谨慎，因此选B。第5题:词义题。文章主要介绍了电子商务交易存在的问题，故cyberspace与electroniccommerce（电子商务）和theelectronicworld（电子世界）有关，而电子商务、电子世界是通过计算机网络进行的，因此选D。18.【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。willing意为“乐意的，自愿的”；purposeful意为“有目的的，故意的”；voluntary意为“自愿的，自发的”；deliberate意为“故意的，蓄意的”。句意：经过几个月的调查，警察判定这是一场蓄意谋杀。19.【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。conceive“构思，怀孕，考虑”；clutch“紧握，抓住”；cherish“珍惜”；contrive“设计，发明，图谋”。句意：在未来的很多年里我们都会珍惜这个美好的时刻。选项C符合题意。20.【答案】B【解析】词组辨析题。pindown发现，查明，确定；contendwith对付，与...作斗争；getstuckin陷入...加紧进行；takecontrolof取得对...的控制。句意：天气不太好，在比赛期间两队都不得不和冰冷的雨水以及大风作斗争。所以选项B符合句意。第2卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Aremarkmaybecompletely（

）whenitispassedonthroughdifferentmouths.问题1选项A.distortedB.restoredC.recoveredD.misled2.单选题I’mpleasedtohearofyourjoboffer——allthathardworkatschoolhasobviously（

）.问题1选项A.paidoffB.takenitstollC.madeadifferenceD.shownup3.单选题Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasisforthedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeepinformationavailableforlateruse.Itnotonlyincludes“remembering”thingslikearithmeticorhistoricalfacts,butalsoinvolvesanychangeinthewayananimaltypicallybehaves,memoryisinvolvedwhenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehassniffed(嗅出)somethingsuspiciousinthegrainpile.Memoryexistsnotonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsandmachines.Computers,forexample,containdevicesforstoringdataforlateruse.Itisinterestingtocomparethememorystoragecapacityofacomputerwiththatofahumanbeing.Theinstantaccessmemoryoflargecomputermayholdupto100,000“words”---stringofalphabeticornumericalcharacters---readyforinstantuse.AnaverageU.Steenagerprobablyrecognizesthemeaningofabout100,000wordsofEnglish.However,thisisbutafractionofthetotalamountofinformationthattheteenagerhasstored.Consider,forexample,thenumberoffacesandplacesthattheteenagercanrecognizeonsight.Theuseofwordsisthebasisoftheadvancedproblemsolvingintelligenceofhumanbeings.Alargepartofaperson’smemoryisintermsofwordsandcombinationsofwords.Butwhilelanguagegreatlyexpandsthenumberandthekingofthingsapersoncanremember,italsorequiresahugememorycapacity.Itmaywellbethiscapacitythatdistinguisheshumans,settingthemapartfromotheranimals.1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutmemory?2.Accordingtothepassage,memoryishelpfulinone'slifeinthefollowingaspectsEXCEPTthat（

）.3.Whatistheauthor'sviewaboutcomputersandhumanbeingsintermsofintelligence?4.Whatisthemajorcharacteristicofman’smemorycapacityaccordingtotheauthor?5.Humanbeingsmakethemselvesdifferentfromotheranimalsby（

）.

问题1选项A.IthelpsusperceivethingshappeningarounduseverydayB.ItisbasedonthedecisionswemadeinthepastC.ItisrootedinourpasthabitsandskillsD.Itconnectsourpastexperienceswiththepresent问题2选项A.itinvolvesachangeinone'sbehaviorB.itkeepsinformationforlateruseC.itwarnspeoplenottodothingsrepeatedlyD.itenablesonetoremembereventsthathappenedinthepast问题3选项A.ComputershavebettermemorythanachilddoesB.ComputersareasintelligentasateenagerisC.Computerscanunderstandasmanyas100,000wordsD.Humanbeingsarefarsuperiortocomputers问题4选项A.ItcanbeexpandedbylanguageB.ItcanrememberallthecombinedwordsC.ItmaykeepalltheinformationinthepastD.Itmaychangewhathasbeenstoredinit问题5选项A.havingtheabilitytoperceivedangerB.havingafargreatermemorycapacityC.havingtheabilitytorecognizefacesandplacesonsightD.havingtheabilitytodrawonpastexperiences4.单选题Thesecretary（

）theforeignministerofaninterviewhewastogivethatafternoon.问题1选项A.remindedB.reassuredC.consultedD.insured5.单选题Susanhas（

）theelbowsofherson’sjacketwithleatherpatchestomakeitmoredurable.问题1选项A.reinforcedB.sustainedC.steadiedD.confirmed6.单选题Thereareseveralpossibleexplanationsforthegreatjob（

）inJapanincontrasttothegreatjobmobilityintheUnitedStates.问题1选项A.creativityB.securityC.credibilityD.stability7.单选题Thejournalistgotthe（

）newsthatthefamousactresswouldchangeherhusbandfortheseventhtime.问题1选项A.sentimentalB.sensationalC.sensibleD.sensitive8.单选题Whenmakingmoderncameraspeoplebeganto（

）plasticsformetal.问题1选项A.surroundB.substanceC.stretchD.substitute9.单选题Iabsolutelyopposethe（

）thatprivatization（私有化）isnowinevitableinourindustry.问题1选项A.noticeB.notionC.impressionD.conscience10.单选题Between1974and1997,thenumberofoverseasvisitorsexpanded（

）27%.问题1选项A.byB.forC.toD.in11.单选题Neglecthasacceleratedtheprocessofthisbuilding’s（

）?问题1选项A.declineB.egenerationC.decayD.wither12.单选题Theofferofafreeoverseastour（

）himintobuyingthevillaonthehillside.问题1选项A.discouragedB.committedC.temptedD.tangled13.单选题Althoughmanypeopleviewconflictasbad,conflictissometimesuseful（

）itforcespeopletotesttherelativemeritsoftheirattitudesandbehaviors.问题1选项A.bywhichB.towhichC.inthatD.sothat14.单选题Heisapromisingyoungmanwhoisnowstudyingatourgraduateschool.Ashissupervisor,Iwouldliketo（

）himtoyournotice.问题1选项A.commendB.decreeC.presumeD.articulate15.单选题Brazil’sconstitution（

）themilitaryuseofnuclearenergy.问题1选项A.WithdrawsB.objectsC.interruptsD.forbids16.单选题A（

）examinationisonewhichisinpreparationforsomething.问题1选项A.predominantB.prematureC.preferableD.preliminary17.单选题Crimeisincreasingworldwide,andthereiseveryreasontobelievethe（

）willcontinueintothenextdecade.问题1选项A.emergencyB.trendC.paceD.schedule18.单选题Ifyouaskanagenttohelpyoufindanapartment,youhavetopayhima（

）beforeyoucanrentthehouse.问题1选项A.fineB.premiseC.premiumD.visit19.单选题（

）studentsshouldbemotivatedbyakeeninterestintheatreandshouldhavesomefamiliaritywithplaysinproduction.问题1选项A.ProspectiveB.ResponsibleC.EthnicD.Realistic20.单选题Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisfact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy’slife,thestimulusthatproducesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredthenthefacewillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyethenthefaceispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy