2023年考研考博考博英语湖南师范大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案

2023年考研考博考博英语湖南师范大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案（图片大小可自由调整）答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题She（）alargesumtothecollegeendowmentfund.问题1选项A.submittedB.donatedC.appliedD.granted2.单选题Wecanseehowtheproductlifecycleworksbylookingattheintroductionofinstantcoffee.Whenitwasintroduced,mostpeopledidnotlikeitaswellas“regular”coffeeandittookseveralyearstogaingeneralacceptance(introductionstage).Atonepoint,though,instantcoffeegrewrapidlyinpopularityandmanybrandswereintroduced(stageofrapidgrowth).Afterawhile,peoplebecameattachedtoonebrandandsalesleveledoff(stageofmaturity).Sateswentintoaslightdeclinewhenfreeze-driedcoffeeswereintroduced(stageofdecline).Theimportanceoftheproductlifecycletomarketersisthis:Differentstagesintheproductlifecyclecallfordifferentstrategies.Thegoalistoextendproductlifesothatsalesandprofitsdonotdecline.Onestrategyiscalledmarketmodification.Itmeansthatmarketingmanagerslookfornewusersandmarketsections.Didyouknow,forexample,thatthebackpacksthatsomanystudentscarrytodaywereoriginallydesignedforthemilitary?Marketmodificationalsomeanssearchingforincreasedusageamongpresentcustomersorgoingforadifferentmarket,suchasseniorcitizens.Amarketermayre-positiontheproducttoappealtonewmarketsections.Anotherproductextensionstrategyiscalledproductmodification.Itinvolveschangingproductquality,features,orstyletoattractnewusersormoreusagefrompresentusers.Americanautomanufacturersareusingqualityimprovementasonewaytorecaptureworldmarkets.Note,also,howautomanufacturersoncechangedstylesdramaticallyfromyeartoyeartokeepdemandfromfalling.1.Accordingtothepassage,whenpeoplegrowfondofoneparticularbrandofaproduct,itssaleswill（）.2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirstparagraph?3.Whydomarketersneedtoknowwhichofthefourstagesaproductisin?4.Theauthormentionstheexampleof“backpacks”(Line4,Para2)toshowtheimportanceof（）.5.Inordertorecovertheirshareoftheworldmarket,thefollowingmeasuresaretakenbyU.SautomakersEXCEPT（）.问题1选项A.decreasegraduallyB.becomeunstableC.improveenormouslyD.remainatthesamelevel问题2选项A.Atthematuritystage,manybrandsareusuallyintroduced.B.Newproductsareoftenmoreexpensivethanoldones.C.Oldproductsareoftensuperiortonewones.D.Anewproductisnoteasilyacceptedbythepublic.问题3选项A.TheyneedtoworkoutmarketingpoliciesB.TheywanttoincreaseitspopularityC.TheyplantoimproveitsproductionprocessD.Theydesiretospeedupitslifecycle.问题4选项A.increasingusageamongstudentsB.exploringnewmarketsectionsC.pleasingtheyoungaswellastheoldD.servingbothmilitaryandcivilneeds问题5选项A.improvingproductqualityB.changingproductstylesC.re-positioningtheirproductsD.modifyingproductfeatures3.单选题Whenworkingonhisnovel,hewasperfectlycautiousnottomakeevena（）ofthepen.问题1选项A.slidB.slipC.glideD.skid4.单选题ThesecondreasonwhyMr.Liwentwrongliesinhisfailureto（）someadditionalcomplexities.问题1选项A.takenoaccountofB.giveanaccountofC.turntoD.takeintoaccount5.单选题Thedetectivewatchedandsawthesuspect______ahotelatthecorneroftheStreet.问题1选项A.gettingoffthetaxiandwalkingintoB.gotoffthetaxiandwalkedintoC.getoffthetaxiandwalkintoD.gotoffthetaxitowalkinto6.单选题Ifadecisionistakenwithmajorityvoting,eachmemberstatecan,inspecialcases,（）itsparticularnationalinterests.问题1选项A.triggerB.assertC.fosterD.salute7.单选题Whyshouldanyonewanttoread（）ofbooksbygreatauthorswhentherealpleasurecomesfromreadingtheoriginals?问题1选项A.digestsB.themesC.leafletsD.insights8.写作题Moreandmorepeoplearerealizingthefactthatstudentsofhumanityandartcanbenefitthemselvesalotbyattendingtoscienceorengineeringcourse,andthestudentsofscienceandengineeringcanprofitbyreferringtohumanitydisciplinessuchasliterature,linguistics,history,andartsetcTheimportanceoftherelationshipbetweenartandscienceisknowntoallofus,thoughsomemanyvoicedifferentopinions.Buthowtorelatesciencetoartisabigquestionforstudents.Nowpleasegiveyourstanceorposeasaresearcherinyourareainlightofrelatingarttoscienceifyouareacceptedasapostgraduatestudent.Youshouldsupplyatitleforyourarticlewhichshouldbeabout300wordsinlength.Inthefirstpartofyourarticleyoushouldstateclearlyyourmainargument,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportyourargumentwithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionorasummary.Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.9.单选题TheChinesepolarexplorerstookeveryprecautionto（）thedangersoftheirtrip.问题1选项A.minimizeB.extinguishC.shrinkD.prevent10.单选题Beforethe19thcentury,therewerealmostnochannelsofsocial（）.问题1选项A.mobilityB.availabilityC.adaptabilityD.probability11.单选题Samanthasobbeduncontrollablyandhidinthelockerroom,so______wassheabouthavinglostinthefinalsofthestatetennischampionship.问题1选项A.pragmaticB.dejectedC.jubilantD.indifferent12.单选题Hedevelopeda（）attitudeafteryearsoffrustrationinhiscareer.问题1选项A.encouragedB.disgustedC.drasticD.cynical13.单选题I’vebeenwritingformostofmylife.ThebookWritingWithoutTeachersintroducedmetoonedistinctionandonepracticethathashelpedmywritingprocessestremendously.Thedistinctionisbetweenthecreativemindandthecriticalmind.Whileyouneedtoemploybothtogettoafinishedresult,theycannotworkinparallelnomatterhowmuchwemightliketothinkso.Tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesinglegreatestbarriertowritingthatmostofusencounter—Ifyouarelisteningtothat5thgradeEnglishteachercorrectyourgrammarwhileyouaretryingtocaptureafleeting(稍纵即逝的)thought,thethoughtwilldie.Ifyoucapturethefleetingthoughtandsimplyshareitwiththeworldinrawform,nooneislikelytounderstand.Youmustlearntocreatefirstandthencriticizeifyouwanttomakewritingthetoolforthinkingthatitis.ThepracticethatcanhelpyoupastyourlearnedbadhabitsoftryingtoeditasyouwriteiswhatElbowcalls“freewriting”.Infreewriting,theobjectiveistogetwordsdownonpapernon-stop,usuallyfor15-20minutes.Nostopping,nogoingback,nocriticizing.Thegoalistogetthewordsflowing.Asthewordsbegintoflow,theideaswillcomeoutfromtheshadowsandletthemselvesbecapturedonyournotepadoryourscreen.Nowyouhaverawmaterialsthatyoucanbegintoworkwithusingthecriticalmindthatyou’vepersuadedtositonthesideandwatchquietly.Mostlikely,youwillbelievethatthiswilltakemoretimethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepageasthedeadlinedrawsnear.Insteadofstaringatablankscreenstartfillingitwithwordsnomatterhowbad.Halfwaythroughyouravailabletime,stopandreworkyourrawwritingintosomethingclosertofinishedproduct.Movebackandforthuntilyourunoutoftimeandthefinalresultwillmostlikelybefarbetterthanyourcurrentpractices.1.Whentheauthorsaysthecreativemindandthecriticalmind“cannotworkinparallel”(Line4Para.1)inthewritingprocess,hemeans（）.2.Whatpreventspeoplefromwritingonis（）.3.Whatisthechiefobjectiveofthefirststagewriting?4.Onecommonconcernofwritersabout“freewriting”isthat（）.5.Inwhatwaydoesthecriticalmindhelpthewriterinthewritingprocess?问题1选项A.noonecanbebothcreativeandcriticalB.theycannotberegardedasequallyimportantC.theyareinconstantconflictwitheachotherD.onecannotusethematthesametime问题2选项A.puttingtheirideasinrawformB.attemptingtoeditastheywriteC.ignoringgrammaticalsoundnessD.tryingtocapturefleetingthoughts问题3选项A.Toorganizeone’sthoughtslogicallyB.TochooseanappropriatetopicC.Togetone’sideasdown.D.Tocollectrawmaterials问题4选项A.itoverstressestheroleofthecreativemindB.ittakestoomuchtimetoeditafterwardsC.itmaybringabouttoomuchcriticismD.itdoesnothelpthemtothinkclearly问题5选项A.ItrefineshiswritingintobettershapeB.Ithelpshimtocomeupwithnewideas.C.ItsavesthewritingtimeavailabletohimD.Itallowshimtositonthesideandobserve14.单选题Companiesspendmillionsofdollarsonadsandcommercials,tryingto（）theAmericanpublicintopurchasingtheirproducts.问题1选项A.misplaceB.mockC.maneuverD.manifest15.单选题Scholarsandstudentshavealwaysbeengreattravelers.Theofficialcasefor“academicmobility”isnowoftenstatedinimpressivetermsasafundamentalnecessityforeconomicandsocialprogressintheworld,anddebatedinthecorridorsofEurope,butitiscertainlynothingnew.Seriousstudentswerealwaysreadytogoabroadinsearchofthemoststimulatingteachersandthemostfamousacademies;insearchofthepurestphilosophy,themosteffectivemedicine,thelikeliestroadtogold.Mobilityofthiskindmeantalsomobilityofideas,theirtransferenceacrossfrontiers,andtheirsimultaneousimpactuponmanygroupsofpeople.Thepointoflearningistoshareit,whethereitherwithstudentsorwithcolleagues;onepresumesthatonlyeccentricshavenointerestinbeingcreditedwithastartlingdiscovery,oranewtechnique.Itmustalsohavebeenreassuringtoknowthatotherpeopleinotherpartsoftheworldwereabouttomakethesamediscoveryorwerethinkingalongthesamelines,andthatonewasnotquitealone,confrontedbyinquisition,ridiculeorneglect.Inthe20thcentury,andparticularlyinthelast20years,theoldfootpathsofthewanderingscholarshavebecomevasthighways.Thevehiclewhichhasmadethispossiblehasofcoursebeentheairplane,makingcontactbetweenschoolseveninthemostdistantplacesimmediatelyfeasible,andprovidingfortheveryrapidtransmissionofknowledge.Apartfromthevehicleitself,itisfairlyeasytoidentifythemainfactorswhichhavebroughtabouttherecentexplosioninacademicmovement.Someofthesearepurelyquantitativeandrequirenofurthermention:therearefarmorecentersoflearningandafargreaternumberofscholarsandstudents.Inadditiononemustrecognizetheveryconsiderablemultiplicationofdisciplines,particularlyinthesciences,whichbywideningthetotalareaofadvancedstudieshasproducedanenormousnumberofspecialistswhoseparticularinterestsarepreciselydefined.Thesepeoplewouldworkmsomeisolationiftheywerenotabletokeepintouchwithsimilarisolatedgroupsinothercountries.1.Accordingtothepassage,scholarsandstudentsaregreattravelersbecause（）.2.Thewritersaysthattravelwasimportantinthepastbecauseit（）.3.What,inthewriter’sopinion,happenstoascholarwhoshareshisideaswithhiscolleagues?4.Accordingtothepassage,therecentgrowthinairtravelhasmeantthat（）.5.Thewriterthinksthatacademicworkhasrecentlybecomemorespecializedbecause（）.问题1选项A.SalariesandconditionsarebetterabroadB.standardsarehigheratforeignuniversitiesC.theyareeagerfornewknowledgeD.theirgovernmentencouragethemtotravel问题2选项A.ledtoeconomicprogressB.wasawayofspreadingideasC.madenewideaslessshockingD.brokedownpoliticalbarriers问题3选项A.HegainsrecognitionforhisachievementsB.HeattractslargenumbersofstudentsC.HeriskshisideasbeingstolenD.Heisconsideredslightlymad问题4选项A.morestudentsfromremoteareascanattenduniversityB.universitiescanbebuiltinremoterplaces】C.scholarscanmeeteachothermoreeasilyD.textbookshavewidecirculation问题5选项A.morepeoplearestudyingsciencesB.agreatervarietyofsubjectsisstudiedC.morestudentsaredoingpostgraduateworkD.thenumberofuniversitieshasincreased16.单选题Hetoldusalotofjokesandhadus______allthroughthemeal.问题1选项A.laughingB.laughC.laughedD.tolaugh17.翻译题Itismoreimportanttopavethewayforchildren’sdesiretoknowthantoputthemonadietoffactstheyarenotreadytoassimilate.Evenifyoufeelyouhavelittleknowledgeofnatureatyourdisposal,thereisstillmuchyoucandoforyourchild.Whereveryouareandwhateveryourresources,youcanstilllookupatthesky—itsdawnandeveningbeautiesitsmovingclouds,itsstartbynight.Youcanlistentothewind,whetheritblowswithmajesticvoicethroughaforestorsingsamanyvoicedchorusaroundthecornersofyourapartmentbuilding,andinthelisteningyoucangainmagicalreleaseforyourthoughts.Youcanstillfeeltherainonyourfaceandthinkofislongjourneyfromseatoairtoearthandwonderatthemysteriesofnaturalselectionembodiedintheperfumeandflavorofafruit.Evenifyouareacitydweller,youcanfindsomeplace,perhapsaparkoragolfcourse,whereyoucanobservethemysteriousmigrationsofthebirdsandthechangingseasons.Andwithyourchildyoucanponderthemysteryofagrowingseed,evenifit’sjustoneplantedinapotofearthinthekitchenwindow.18.单选题______,itiswidelyusedinmakingflaresandfireworks.问题1选项A.AsthebrilliantwhitelightthatburningmagnesiumproducesB.BecauseofthebrilliantwhitelightofburningmagnesiumC.ThebrilliantwhitelightofburningmagnesiumD.Burningmagnesiumproducesabrilliantwhitelight19.单选题Competentresearcherscitethemostauthoritativesource,butwhatcountsasauthoritativeagainvariesbyfield.Notetheauthoritieswhomresearchersinyourfieldcitemostoften,whatprocedurestheytrust,whatrecordstheyregularlycite.Ifyouaredealingwithprimarysources(originaltextsofbooks,plays,diaries,andsoon),besurethatyoureditionisrecentandpublishedbyareputablepress.Thereareon-lineelectroniceditionsofShakespearesosloppilyeditedthatusingthemwouldlabelyouasincompetent.Whenstudentsareunfamiliarwithorcan’tfindauthoritativesecondarysourcesscholarlyjournalsandbooks——theyoftenresorttotertiarysources:textbooks,articlesinencyclopedias,mass-circulationpublications.Ifthesearetheonlysourcesavailable,sobeit,butneverassumethattheyareauthoritative.Beespeciallycautiousaboutbooksoncomplexissuesintendedformassaudiences.Authorswhowritefortheordinaryreaderaboutbrainsorblackholesareusuallycompetent,sometimesdistinguishedresearchers.Buttheymustalwayssimplify,sometimesoversimplify,andarealwaysoutofdate.Soifyoustartyourresearchwithapopularbook,lookatthedatesofthejournalscitedinitsbibliography.Authorityalsodependsonbeingcurrent,butagain,differentfieldsjudgecurrencyindifferentways.Inthesciences,out-of-datamightbeamonthago.Inthehumanities,ascholarmightjudgeasreliableabookmorethanacenturyold.Thebestwaytojudgecurrencyistoskimdatesinbibliographiesofrecentjournalarticles.Whatseemstobethecutoffdate?Assumethatmosttextbooksandreferencebooksareout-of-date.1.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassageistotellstudents（）.2.Theauthorswouldprobablyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements?3.Accordingtotheauthors,whatareauthoritativesources?4.Whichofthefollowingbestparaphrasesthesentence“whatcountsasauthoritativeagainvariesbyfield”？5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?问题1选项A.howtociteauthoritativesourcesB.howtobecompetentresearchersC.howtojudgeauthoritativesourcesD.howtoreadauthoritativejournals问题2选项A.Competentresearchersmaynotrefertoon-lineelectroniceditions.B.Scientificbooksmightberegardedasout-of-dateiftheywerecitedamonthago.C.Studentsshouldnotresorttotertiarysourceseveniftheyareunfamiliarwithorcan’tfindauthoritativesecondarysources.D.Originaltextsofbooks,plays,anddiariesarenotauthoritativebooks.问题3选项A.On-lineelectroniceditions.B.Theeditionthatisrecentandpublishedbyareputablepress.C.Areliablebookmorethanacenturyago.D.Booksoncomplexissuesintendedformassaudiences.问题4选项A.Authoritativesourcesareconsideredimportantinsomefields.B.Thenumberofauthoritativesourcesvariesindifferentfields.C.Theimportanceofauthoritativesourcesisdifferentinresearchfields.D.Authoritativesourcesarejudgeddifferentlyindifferentfields.问题5选项A.Out-of-datesourcesarenotcountedasauthoritative.B.Studentsshouldnotusepopularbooks.C.Primarysourcesarethebestauthoritativesources.D.Secondarysourcesarehardtofind20.单选题

ThesunriseasseenfromthetopofMountTaiistremendous（）.

问题1选项A.sceneryB.spectacleC.grandeurD.landscape第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】B【解析】submit提交；donate捐赠；apply应用，申请；grant授权。根据“endowmentfund”可知这里是捐赠了一大笔钱，所以选项B正确。2.【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Afterawhile,peoplebecameattachedtoonebrandandsalesleveledoff(stageofmaturity).”一段时间后，人们对一个品牌产生了依恋，销售趋于平稳(成熟期)。选项D符合原文。2.推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，选项A应该是stageofrapidgrowth，表述错误；选项B和C在文中没有信息提及，无法推导；根据第二段第二句“Whenitwasintroduced,mostpeopledidnotlikeitaswellas“regular”coffeeandittookseveralyearstogaingeneralacceptance.”当它初次被引进时，大多数人并不像喜欢“普通”咖啡那样喜欢它，并且花了几年时间才获得普遍接受。选项D符合原文。3.细节事实题。根据第二段第一句“Theimportanceoftheproductlifecycletomarketersisthis:Differentstagesintheproductlifecyclecallfordifferentstrategies.”产品生命周期对营销商的重要性在于:产品生命周期的不同阶段需要不同的策略。选项A符合原文。4.细节事实题。根据关键词“backpacks”定位到第二段，分析原文可知，作者以双肩包举例是想说明“Onestrategyiscalledmarketmodification.Itmeansthatmarketingmanagerslookfornewusersandmarketsections.”其中一种策略叫做市场调整。这意味着营销经理要寻找新的用户和市场部门。选项B符合原文。5.细节事实题。根据最后一段第二句“Itinvolveschangingproductquality,features,orstyletoattractnewusersormoreusagefrompresentusers.”它包括改变产品质量、特性或风格，以吸引新用户或现有用户的更多使用。只有选项C没有提及。3.【答案】B【解析】aslipofthepen为固定搭配,意为“笔误”。句意：在写小说时,他非常小心谨慎以免出现笔误。选项B符合句意。4.【答案】D【解析】takenoaccountof不考虑,不重视；giveanaccountof说明,叙述,汇报；turnto转向,求助于,变成；takeintoaccountof考虑。句意：李先生犯错的第二个原因是他没有考虑到一些额外的复杂性。选项A为混淆选项,根据failureto可知,选项D正确。5.【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：侦探看着嫌疑犯下了出租车，走进了街角的一家旅馆。本句谓语动词是watchedandsaw，横线处是非谓语动词，在这里指“看见他下出租车和进旅馆”的整个过程。watch/seesb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做（瞬间）”，watch/seesb.dosth.“看见某人做了某事（全过程）”，C选项getoffthetaxiandwalkinto符合题意。因此C选项正确。6.【答案】B【解析】trigger触发,引起；assert维护,主张；foster培养；salute致敬,行礼。句意：如果一个决策以多数票通过,那么在特殊情况下,每一个成员国都可以维护其各自的国家利益。选项B符合句意。7.【答案】A【解析】句意：当真正的乐趣来自于阅读原著时,为什么有人想要阅读伟大作家的作品摘要呢？选项A更符合语境。8.【答案】ScienceandArt9.【答案】A【解析】句意：中国极地探险者采取了一切预防措施，把旅行的危险降到了最低。选项A符合句意。10.【答案】A【解析】socialmobility为固定搭配,意为“社会流动性”。句意：十九世纪以前几乎不存在社会流动性的渠道。选项A符合语境。11.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项pragmatic“务实的”；B选项dejected“沮丧的”；C选项jubilant“欢呼雀跃的”；D选项indifferent“漠不关心的”。句意：萨曼莎控制不住哭泣，躲在更衣室里，非常______她输掉了州网球锦标赛的决赛。输掉比赛以后萨曼莎哭泣，躲在更衣室里不想见人，B选项dejected“沮丧的”符合题意。因此B选项正确。12.【答案】D【解析】encouraged鼓舞人心的；disgusted厌烦的；drastic激烈的；cynical愤世嫉俗的。句意：在经历了多年的事业挫折之后，他变得愤世嫉俗。选项D符合语境。13.【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第二段最后一句“Youmustlearntocreatefirstandthencriticizeifyouwanttomakewritingthetoolforthinkingthatitis.”如果你想让写作成为思考的工具，你必须先学会创作，然后再修改。所以作者说二者不能并行的意思是不能同时使用，选项D正确。2.细节事实题。根据第二段第一句“Tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesinglegreatestbarriertowritingthatmostofusencounter”在飞快的写作过程中修改可能是我们大多数人遇到的最大障碍。选项B符合原文。3.细节事实题。根据第三段最后一句“Asthewordsbegintoflow,theideaswillcomeoutfromtheshadowsandletthemselvesbecapturedonyournotepadoryourscreen.”当文字开始流畅起来时，想法也会从阴影中浮现出来，并呈现于记事本或屏幕上。由此可知，第一步写作的主要目的是将想法记录下来，选项C符合原文。4.推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Mostlikely,youwillbelievethatthiswilltakemoretimethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepageasthedeadlinedrawsnear.”很有可能，你会认为这比你实际拥有的时间要长，而且随着最后期限的临近，你最终会茫然地盯着这一页。由此可推断，对自由写作的担忧是写作的人对自由写作的担忧是之后的编辑时间太长，选项B符合原文。5.推理判断题。根据第五段的内容，不要盯着空白的屏幕，用文字来填满它，无论这些文字多么糟糕。在你可用的时间的一半，停下来，把你之前的写作重写成更接近成品的东西。反复修改，直到时间耗尽，最终的结果很可能比之前的练习要好得多。由此可知，批判性思维能够帮助写作更加完善。选项A正确。14.【答案】C【解析】misplace放错地方；mock嘲笑；maneuver调动,调遣；manifest证明,显示。句意：公司花费数百万美元在广告和商业上,试图调动美国民众购买他们的产品。选项C符合句意。15.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.根据第一段最后一句,认真的学生总是准备出国寻找最具启发性的老师和最著名的学院;寻找最纯粹的哲学,最有效的医学,最有可能的黄金之路。总而言之,他们渴望新知识,所以选项C正确。2.根据第二段的第一句“Mobilityofthiskindmeantalsomobilityofideas,theirtransferenceacrossfrontiers,...”这种流动也意味着思想的流动...由此可知作者认为过去的游学很重要的原因是：游学是传播思想的一种方式。选项B符合原文。3.根据第二段第二句,学习的目的是与学生或同事分享;有人认为,只有怪人才对一项惊人的发现或一项新技术的功劳不感兴趣。也就是说,通过分享,分享者的成就获得了人们的认可。选项A符合原文。4.根据第三段最后一句可知,交通工具的发展使得学者之间联系更为方便,所以选项C符合原文。5.根据最后一段倒数第二句,人们必须认识到学科的大量增加,特别是在科学领域,由于扩大了高级研究的总领域,产生了大量的专家,他们的特殊兴趣得到了精确的界定。由此可知,学术研究越来越专业是由于学科的大量增加,选项B符合原文。16.【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他给我们讲了好多笑话，让我们在吃饭的时候笑个不停。A选项havesb./sth.doing“让某人做某事，让某情况发生”，含有动作正在进行之意，haduslaughing“让我们笑”；B选项havesb.do“请/派别人完成某事；经历某种不幸”；C选项havesth.done“请/派别人完成某事；完成某事（可能参与）；遭受某种不幸”；D选项havesth.todo“有某事要完成”。这里指的是笑话让我们一直笑，有强调状态的含义，A选项laughing符合题意。因此A选项正确。17.【答案】为孩子们的求知欲铺平道路比让他们接受他们还没有准备好吸收的事实更重要。即使你觉得你掌握的自然知识甚为寥寥，你仍可以为你的孩子做许多事情。无论你身在何处，不管你智谋高低，你仍然可以仰望天空——看它的拂晓与黄昏之美，看它的游云，看它夜晚时的星光。你可以倾听风的歌声，无论是用宏伟的歌喉呼啸着穿过森林，还是在你的公寓大楼拐角处唱着多声部的合唱。而在倾听中，你可以让思想神奇地奔放。你仍然能感觉到打在你脸上的雨点，想着它从大海到天空再到地面的漫长旅程，对水果的芳香所体现的自然选择的神奇惊叹不已。即使你居住在城市，也能找到某个地方，也许是公园或是高尔夫球场，在那儿能观察鸟类神奇莫测的迁徙和四季的交替。你可以和你的孩子一起思索种子生长的奥秘，即使它只是一颗种在厨房窗台上的一盆泥土之中的种子。18.【答案】B【解析】考查连词。句意：由于镁燃烧时发出明亮的白光，它被广泛用于制造照明弹和烟花。A选项中as“因为”只能接句子，不能接名词性短语；B选项中becauseof“因为”可以接名词性短语，符合题意；C选项是名词性短语，放进来整个句子结构错误；D选项是完整的句子，放进来构成两个独立的句子且没有连词进行连接，语法错误。因此B选项正确。19.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知,本文主要讲的是如何判断资源的权威性,选项C更符合原文。2.推理判断题。选项A明显错误；根据第二段第一句可知,选项C表述错误；根据第一段第三句可知,选项D表述错误；根据最后一段第一句“Authorityalsodependsonbeingcurrent”可推断,作者认为权威是有时效性的。所以选项B。3.细节事实题。根据第一段第三句“Ifyouaredealingwithprimarysources(originaltextsofbooks,plays,diaries,andsoon),besurethatyoureditionisrecentandpublishedbyareputablepress.”选项B与原文表述一致。4.推理判断题。句意指“什么才算权威又因领域而异”,再根据原文内容可知,作者指的是“不同领域对权威来源的判断是不同的。”选项D符合原文。5.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,作者强调权威资料具有时效性,说明过时的资料不具备权威性。选项A正确。20.【答案】B【解析】scenery风景，景色；spectacle奇观，壮观；grandeur壮丽，庄严，宏伟；landscape风景，山水画。句意：从泰山顶上看日出是一幅壮观的景象。选项C一般指建筑，所以选项B更符合语境。第2卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Hecarriedapalebonewhichhekeptthrowingoutintotheduneforthebirddogto______.问题1选项A.castB.traceC.chaseD.retrieve2.单选题Instudyingsocialgroups,sociologistsoftengain（）throughtheuseofsuchdevicesasquestionnaires.问题1选项A.assessB.credibilityC.understandingD.insight3.单选题Attheheightofthefinancialcrisis,alltheycoulddowas______andhopethatconditionswouldimprove.问题1选项A.holdonB.getalongC.getonD.lookon4.翻译题21世纪是一个将我们联系在一起的网络时代。无论我们愿意与否,我们的社会生活与经济生活已密不可分。我们意识到先进的电子网络使我们能够跨越时空限制,利用以前难以想象的商机。这个网络世界己开辟了一个崭新的创新发展的天地,把我们带入一个前所未有的网络智能吋代。这个网络智能新时代表明,我们可以将自己的知识和创造力结合起来,取得经济增长和社会发展的新突破。5.单选题Thegovernmentpromisedto（）anewsystemtocontrolfinancialloaninstitutions.问题1选项A.implementB.complementC.supplementD.compliment6.单选题TherapidgrowthofFlorida’scitieshascausedthestate’sroadsandhighwaystobecome（）.问题1选项A.wornoutB.impassableC.congestedD.muffled7.单选题ProfessorHawkingis（）asoneoftheworld’sgreatestlivingphysicists.问题1选项A.dignifiedB.clarifiedC.acknowledgedD.illustrated8.单选题Itwas（）thattherestaurantdiscriminatedagainstblackcustomers.问题1选项A.addictedB.allegedC.attackedD.ascribed9.单选题______theway,wesetofonfootintothedarknight.问题1选项A.TheguideledB.WiththeguideleadingC.WiththeguidetoleadD.Withtheguidelead10.单选题Thediscussionhasbeenunexpectedlygoingforthreehours,andI’mafraidtheywill（）itstilllonger.问题1选项A.extendB.lengthenC.stretchD.protract11.翻译题长城是人类创造的世界奇迹之一。如果你到了中国却没去过长城，就像到了巴黎没去看菲尔铁塔(EiffelTower)，或者就像到了埃及没去看金字塔一样。人们常说：“不到长城非好汉。”实际上，长城最初只是一些断断续续的城墙，直到秦朝统一中国后才将其连接成长城。然而，今天我们看到的长城——东起山海关，西至嘉峪关——大部分都是在明代修建的。12.单选题Wemustensurearationalproportionbetween（）andconsumption.问题1选项A.conformationB.accelerationC.coordinationD.accumulation13.单选题Themeaningofthispoemisvery（）;Ireallydonotunderstandit.

问题1选项A.impreciseB.illegibleC.obscureD.dull14.单选题Thoughtherearehundredsoftestpapers,Icanpickhisoutwithouthesitation,forhishandwritingisquite（）.问题1选项A.manifestB.separateC.distinctD.obvious15.单选题ThemoistairofthePacificOceanbringsa（）climatetothewestcoastoftheUnitedStates.问题1选项A.chillyB.temperateC.modestD.compromising16.单选题Amongallsocietieslegalmarriageisusuallyaccompaniedbysomekindofceremonythatexpressgroup（）oftheunion.问题1选项A.opinionB.consistencyC.insistenceD.approval17.单选题Whenwedrovealong,wesawheavywispsofsmokefromfactorychimneys（）upintotheair.问题1选项A.ascendingB.fluctuatingC.spiralingD.charging18.单选题Theprisoner（）ameansofescapefromprison.问题1选项A.contrivedB.conspiredC.intriguedD.plotted19.单选题Whileitsuniqueeatinghabitsmakethemountaingorillaafascinatingsubjectforobservations,itssmallpopulationanditsshynessserveto______manypotentialstudies.问题1选项A.inspireB.fortifyC.releaseD.hinder20.单选题Thewomenmeettwiceamonthto（）theirideastogetherandsetbusinessgoalsforeachother.问题1选项A.enquireB.indulgeC.teaseD.pool第2卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项cast“扔，掷，抛”；B选项trace“寻找到，追踪”；C选项chase“追赶，追捕”；D选项retrieve“（从不属于某物应该在的地方）找回，取回”。句意：他拿着一根白骨，不断把它扔到沙丘里，让猎鸟犬去______。骨头被反复扔到沙丘里，就是为了让狗去取回，因此D选项正确。2.【答案】A【解析】gainaccess（to）为固定搭配,意为“接近,获得权限,得到（信息,资源等）”,这里省略了介词to。选项A正确。3.【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项holdon“坚持；稍等”；B选项getalong“与……和睦相处”；C选项geton“继续做；开始做”；D选项lookon“把……当作”。句意：在金融危机最严重的时候，他们能做的只有______，并希望情况会有所改善。they和横线处构成主谓关系，在金融危机时，只有A选项holdon“坚持”符合题意。因此A选项正确。4.【答案】The21stcenturyisanetworkagebindingustogether.Whetherwearereadyornot,oursociallifehasbeeninseparablefromeconomiclife.Andwerealizeth