获奖课件选择性必修2Unit-1-强化训练-

二十二选择性必修第二册Unit1

ScienceandScientists(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021·青岛模拟)

Manypeoplehatetheideaofhavingtosleeponaplane.ButSwedishentrepreneurOscarDiosthinkstheycanbepersuadedotherwiseandhehascreatedanewkindofhosteltoproveit.Diossaysitistheworld’sfirstjumbojethostel,anactualjet-planeatSweden’smainairportoutsideStockholmwhichhasbeenconverted(改装)intoa25-roomguesthousethatsleepsasmanyas72people.“IlearnedaboutthisplanethatwasstandingabandonedatArlandaairportandI’vebeentryingtheconceptofhostelsinmanydifferenthousesandbuildings,”hetoldreporters.“Ithought,‘Whynotaplane?’”

JumboHostelsopenedforbusinessonThursday,givingcustomersthechancetocheckinandsleepinaroomthatcanbestbedescribedascozy.

“Themostchallengingpartwiththisprojectistryingtobuildsomethinginsideametalhull(外壳)—it’sjustreally,reallytight.”Thejet,whichwasoriginallyproducedforSingaporeAirlines,wastakenoutofservicein2002.Onethingthehostelhasgoingforitisprice—aroomstartsat350Swedishcrowns(about﹩41),whichisalotlessthanhotelroomsoutsideofmajorairports.Anotherfeature:customerscangetmarriedonthewingoftheplaneandliveintheplane’smoreluxurioushoneymoonroomsituatedinthecockpit(驾驶舱).Insteadofwalkingdowntheaisle(走廊),lovebirdscantakewhatJumboHostelscallsthe“wingwalk”,wheretheycanbejoinedingreatjoyatthewingtip.Thehostelhassomeonereadytoperformtheceremony.Butinsomerespects,thishostelremainsaplane—mostcustomershavetosharethejet’sninebathroomsandstaffonlywearairstewardandstewardessclothes.Theonlyroomthathasitsownbathroomisthehoneymoonsuite.【文章大意】本文属于说明文,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了一种新的飞机宿舍,能够带给人比较舒适的休息环境,使旅行者得到一种拥有宁静夜晚的新方法。1.SwedishentrepreneurOscarDioscreatesanewkindofjethostelinorderto______.

A.makepeoplemorecomfortableB.earnmoremoneyfrompeopleC.changepeople’sideaofnotsleepingontheplaneD.explorethesourcesoftheuniverse【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段Manypeoplehatetheideaofhavingtosleeponaplane.ButSwedishentrepreneurOscarDiosthinkstheycanbepersuadedotherwiseandhehascreatedanewkindofhosteltoproveit.“很多人不喜欢必须在飞机上睡觉的想法。但瑞典企业家OscarDios认为他们会被说服,因此,他创造了一种新的宿舍去证明它。”可知,C选项是正确的。2.Accordingtothepassagethejethostelis______.

A.flyingintheskyB.hungintheskyC.lyingontheairportD.buriedunderground【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段IlearnedaboutthisplanethatwasstandingabandonedatArlandaairportandI’vebeentryingtheconceptofhostelsinmanydifferenthousesandbuildings“我知道这架飞机在阿兰达机场废弃,并且我一直在尝试在许多不同的房屋和建筑物中建立宿舍的概念。”可知喷气式飞机宿舍是在机场的,所以C选项是正确的。3.Thisabandonedplaneoriginallybelongsto______.

A.StockholmAirlinesB.SingaporeAirlinesC.SwedenAirlinesD.OscarDiosAirlines【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第六段Thejet,whichwasoriginallyproducedforSingaporeAirlines“这架喷气式飞机最初是为新加坡航空公司生产的”可知这架废弃的飞机是新加坡航空公司的,所以B选项是正确的。4.Whichstatementofthefollowingdoyouthinkcanbestdescribethispassage?A.Anewfashionofweddingintheplane.B.Fortravelers,anewwaytogetarestfulnight.C.Anewwaytoenjoyyourselves.D.Howtochangeaplaneintoahostel.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲了一种新的飞机宿舍,能够带给人比较舒适的休息环境,使旅行者得到一种拥有宁静夜晚的新方法,所以B选项是正确的。B(2021·济南模拟)Wehumanslovetostareintooursmartdevices.Wegazeforhours—about10hoursand39minutesaday—atourcomputers,smartphones,tabletsandtelevisions.Isallthisstaringbadforus?Itmightbe,mainlybecauseaswestareatourdevicesweareexposingourselvestobluelight.

Bluelightisatypeofelectromagneticradiationwithaveryshortwavelengththatproducesahighamountofenergy.Whileit’struethatlightcandamageoureyesundercertaincircumstances,there’snoscientificevidencesuggestingthatbluelightisharmfultooureyes.Butmanypeoplestillthinkitis,whichiswhyblue-light-blockingglassesaresopopular.So,dotheglasseswork?“Everyoneisveryconcernedthatbluelightmaybecausingdamagetotheeye,butthere’snoevidencethatitmaybecausingseriousdamage,”Dr.RahulKhurana,aclinicalspokesman,toldBusiness

Insider.

Bluelightexposureisnothingnew.Infact,thesunisthelargestsourceofbluelight.Moreover,bluelightisalsopresentinLEDlight.Butifbluelightisn’tharmful,thenwhyareweconstantlyrubbingoureyeswhenwe’relookingatourscreens?Theansweriseyestrain(眼疲劳).Morethan60percentofpeopleexperienceeyeproblemsassociatedwithdigitaleyestrain.Andbluelight,itseemsisn’tthecause.Instead,oureyesaresostrainedbecausemostofusblinklesswhenwestareatourdigitaldevices.So,ifeyestrainistherealissue,blue-light-blockingglassesareprobablyoflittleuse.5.Whatdoweknowaboutbluelight?A.Ithastheshortestwavelength.B.It’sakindofnuclearradiation.C.Itconsumesagreatdealofenergy.D.Itmaycomefromelectronicdevices.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据题干中的bluelight可定位至文章第一段最后一句Itmightbe,mainlybecauseaswestareatourdevicesweareexposingourselvestobluelight.和第二段第一句Bluelightisatypeofelectromagneticradiationwithaveryshortwavelengththatproducesahighamountofenergy.可知,蓝光是一种电磁辐射,波长很短,产生大量的能量,而且当我们盯着我们的设备时,我们会将自己暴露在蓝光下。由此推知,蓝光可能出自电子设备。故D项正确。6.Whatcausesthepopularityofblue-light-blockingglasses?A.Evidenceoftheirbenefitstoeyes.B.Widespreaduseofsmartdevices.C.Beliefinbluelight’sharmfuleffect.D.Scientificunderstandingofbluelight.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二、三句可知,虽然在某些情况下光线确实会损害我们的眼睛,但没有科学证据表明蓝光对我们的眼睛有害。但很多人仍然认为是这样,这就是为什么遮蓝光眼镜如此受欢迎。由此可知是相信蓝光对眼睛有害致使遮蓝光眼镜的流行。故正确答案为C。7.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Rubbingeyesmakespeoplestrained.B.Bluelightexposureishardlyavoidable.C.Bluelightmayconnectwithtiredeyes.D.Eyeproblemsarenoteasytodealwith.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章第四段第二、三句Infact,thesunisthelargestsourceofbluelight.Moreover,bluelightisalsopresentinLEDlight.可知,事实上,太阳是最大的蓝光源。此外,蓝光也存在于LED光中。因此蓝光照射在生活中是很难避免的。故B项正确。A项“揉眼睛使人紧张”,C项“蓝光可能与眼疲劳有关”,D项“眼睛的问题不容易处理”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为B。8.Accordingtothetext,wearingblue-light-blockingglassesmaybe______.

A.useless

B.harmfulC.tiring D.beneficial【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句So,ifeyestrainistherealissue,blue-light-blockingglassesareprobablyoflittleuse.可知,所以,如果眼疲劳是真正的问题,那么遮蓝光眼镜可能用处不大。因此戴遮蓝光眼镜可能是无用的。故A项正确。B项“有害的”,C项“累人的”,D项“有益的”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为A。Ⅱ.阅读填句(2021·南昌模拟)

Puttingchildrenindaycarehelpsworkingparentstaketheirmindsoffchildcare.

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Howdaycarenegativelyaffectschildrenisrelatedtomanyfactors.Onestudyhassuggestedthatsomechildrenwhospendlonghoursindaycarecentersexperiencemorestressthanthosewhospendmoretimeinasettingwithamother.

Anotherstudyhasshownthatchildrenwhoareshyhaveahigherlevelofthehormonecortisol(皮质醇)whichisreleasedwhenanindividualshowssignsofstress.

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Andasaresultthechildmaynotmixwellwiththeotherchildrenandtheteachersatthedaycarecenter,asituationthatcancausestress.

Anothernegativeimpactofdaycareisthatthereislesscommunicationbetweenamotherandherchild.

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Soitisessentialforachildtodevelopadeepbondwithhisorhermother,sincethiswilllaythefoundationforalltherelationshipsheorshewillformlateroninlife.Childrenwhospendalotoftimewiththeirmothersexperiencehealthysocialandemotionaldevelopment,whilelonghoursindaycarecandisruptthisbonding.Childrenwholoseoutonpreciousmother-childbondingareobservedtohavebehavioralproblemsastheygrowolder.

Childrenindaycarecentersalsofeelunprotectedcomparedtochildrenathome.Inadaycarecenter,whenonecaregiverattendstomorethanonechildatthesametime,shemaynotbeabletolookdeeplyintowhyachildismixingwellornot.

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Anothernegativeaspectofdaycareisthatchildrentherearemorelikelytofallilliftheycomeincontactwithsickchildren.

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Well-maintaineddaycarecenterscontributeagreatdealtotheoveralldevelopmentofachildbyprovidingastructuredenvironment.Childrenbecomemoresocialbyinteractingwithotherchildrenofthesameage,andlearnnewactivitiesthatarenotalwaysavailableiftheyarebroughtuponlyathome.

A.Butdaycarehasitsdisadvantages.B.Lookforadaycarecenterthatiswell-maintained.C.However,theadvantagesofdaycarecannotbeignored.D.Thisisbecauseashychildwillnotopenupfreelyinpublic.E.Babiesbecomeextremelyattachedtotheirprimarycaregivers.F.Insuchcases,achildmaybecomeeithercompletelyquietoraggressive.G.Youcancutthetimeindaycarecentersbymakingalternativechildcarearrangements.【文章大意】文章介绍了日托对儿童成长的影响。1.【解析】选A。根据上文可知,把孩子送到日托中心可以帮助有工作的父母把他们的注意力从照顾孩子上转移开。根据文章第二段第一句Howdaycarenegativelyaffectschildrenisrelatedtomanyfactors.可知,日托对儿童的负面影响与许多因素有关。上文提到了日托的好处,下文具体论述了日托的缺点,故此空应该引出日托的缺点。A项意为“但是日托也有它的缺点”,承上启下,符合语境。故正确答案为A。2.【解析】选D。根据上文可知,另一项研究表明,当一个人表现出压力迹象时,体内会释放出荷尔蒙皮质醇,害羞的儿童的荷尔蒙皮质醇水平更高。故此空应该与解释为什么害羞的儿童体内会释放出更高水平的荷尔蒙皮质醇有关。D项意为“这是因为一个害羞的孩子不会在公共场合敞开心扉”,承接上文,符合语境。故正确答案为D。3.【解析】选E。根据下文可知,因此,对一个孩子来说,与他或她的母亲建立深厚的关系是至关重要的,因为这将为他或她今后在生活中形成的所有关系奠定基础。故此空应该与为什么婴儿和母亲建立深厚的关系是至关重要的有关。E项意为“婴儿变得非常依恋他们的主要照顾者”,引出下文,符合语境。故正确答案为E。4.【解析】选F。根据上文可知,在日托中心,当一个看护人同时照顾多个孩子时,她可能无法深入了解为什么一个孩子过得好或不好。故此空应该与看护人无法深入了解为什么一个孩子过得好或不好的后果有关。F项意为“在这种情况下,孩子可能变得完全安静或好斗”,承接上文,符合语境。故正确答案为F。5.【解析】选C。根据上文可知,日托的另一个消极的方面是,如果孩子们与生病的孩子接触,他们更有可能生病。根据下文可知,维护良好的日托中心通过提供精心设置的环境为孩子的全面发展做出了巨大贡献。上文阐述了日托的缺点,下文论述了日托的优点,上下文存在转折,故此空应该引出日托的优点。C项意为“然而,日托的好处是不能忽视的”,承上