国际贸易法习题库及答案

国际贸易法习题库及答案ExercisesforInternationalTradeLaw

国际贸易法习题(RevisedEdition)

（修订版）

SchoolofInternationallaw

NorthwestUniversityofPoliticalScienceLaw

西北政法大学国际法学院

August20082021年8月

Introduction

Thecompilationoftheseexercisesisaimedtohelpthestudentsto

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betterunderstandthecontentofthecourseofInternationalTradeLaw.

Theexercisesarearrangedinaccordancewiththecontentofthesectionsofeachchapter.Theanswertoeachexercisewillbeattachedjustaftertheexercise.

Thepatternsoftheexercisesincludechoices,blank-fillings,questionsandcomprehensivetestaimedtotestthecomprehensiveabilitiesofthestudents.

TheseexercisesarewrittenbytheteachingstaffoftheCenterfortheBilingualTeachingofSchoolofInternationallaw.

*****1*****TFORTHE*****TIOALSALEOF

GOODS

1.Sagreedtoship10,000tonsofpotatoesFOBTacoma,Washington,toBinJapan.BdesignatedtheSSRussettotakedeliveryatpier7inTacoma.Ontheagreeddatefordelivery,Sdeliveredthepotatoestopier7,buttheshipwasnotatthepier.Becauseanothershipusingthepierwasslowinloading,theRussethadtoanchoratamooringbuoyintheharborandShadtoarrangeforalightertotransportthepotatoesincontainerstotheship.ThelightertiedupalongsidetheRussetandacablefromtheship’sboomwasattachedtothefirstcontainer.Asthecontainerbegantocrosstheship’srailthecable

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snapped.Thecontainerthenfellontherail,teeteredbackandforthforawhile,andfinallycrasheddownthesideoftheshipandcapsizedthelighter.Allofthepotatoesweredumpedintothesea.BnowsuesSforfailuretomakedelivery.IsSliable?

ANSWER:Sisliable.Thereasonis:AccordingtoFOBofIncoterms2000,thesellermustbearallrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsuntilsuchtimeastheyhavepassedtheship'srailatthenamedportofshipment.AndaccordingtoB5ofFOB,thebuyerneednotbeartherisks.

2.WhatdocumentationmustthesellerprovidetothebuyerifthecontractcontainsCIFtradeterms?

ANSWER:proofofdelivery,transportdocumentorequivalentelectronicmessage.

3.WhenshouldthesellermakedeliveryincaseofFCA?

ANSWER:Thesellermustdeliverthegoodstothecarrieroranotherpersonnominatedbythebuyer,orchosenbytheselleratthenamedplaceonthedateorwithintheperiodagreedfordelivery.

4.WhoisresponsibleforgettinginsuranceincaseofCIF?ANSWER:seller

5.WhoisresponsibleforhiringacarriertotransportthegoodsunderCFRterm?

ANSWER:seller

6.Inasalescontract,thepriceis1000usdollarsperton,CIFShanghai.HereShanghaiis___.AportofdestinationBportofdepartureCportoftransshipmentDportofdeliveryANSWER:A

7.InaccordancewiththeregulationsinIncoterms2000,underthetradetermof____,thesellerhastheminimumobligation.AEXWBFCACDDPDCFR

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ANSWER:A

8.Whichofthefollowingtermscanbeusedonlyforseaandinlandwaterwaytransport?______AFCABFOBCCIFDDEQ

ANSWER:BCD

9.ThefullnameofthetermDDPis_____.

ANSWER:DeliveredDutyPaid(…namedplaceofdestination)

10.InFOBterm,thesellermustbearallrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsuntilsuchtimeasthey_______atthenamedportofshipment.ANSWER:havepassedtheship'srail

11.TheUnitedNationsConventiononContractsfortheInternationalSaleofGoods(CISG)hasfourparts,namely,___,___,___and___.

ANSWER:Sphereofapplicationandgeneralprovisions,Formationofthecontract,SaleofGoodsandFinalprovisions

12.Seller,whoseplaceofbusinessisinStateA,andBuyer,whoseplaceofbusinessisinStateB,enterintoacontractthatstipulatesthattheCISGapplies.NeitherStateAnorStateBisacontractingstate.DoestheConventionapply?

ANSWER:inaccordancewitharticle1ofCISG,theConventionapplies.13.Mr.A,whoseresidenceisinStateS(contractingstateofCISG),enteredintoacontracttobuytwocarsforhisfamilywithacarcompanyB,whoseplaceofbusinessisinStateW(alsocontractingstateofCISG).Iftheyhavenochoiceoflawapplicabletotheircontract,doesCISGapply?

ANSWER:CISGdoesnotapply,becausesuchkindofsaleisexcludedinaccordancewithArticle2.

14.AccordingtotheprovisionsofCISG,whichofthefollowingisnotgovernedbyCISG?____AsalebyauctionBsaleofelectricityCsaleofcarsDsaleofgas

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ANSWER:AB

15.TheprovisionsofCISGareapplicableto______.AthevalidityofacontractBtheformationofasalescontractCthepassingofpropertyDproductliabilityANSWER:B

16.Anoffermaybewithdrawnifthewithdrawalreachestheofferee________.

ANSWER:beforeoratthesametimeastheoffer.

17.OnJanuary1,SellersentalettertoBuyerofferingtoselltoBuyer5,000widgetsfor25$apiece.Theletteralsostated:“ThisofferisbindingandirrevocableuntilFebruary1.”OnJanuary5,priortoBuyer’sreceiptoftheletter,SellercalledBuyeronthetelephoneandleftthefollowingmessageontheansweringmachineatBuyer’splaceofbusiness:“IgnoremyletterofJanuary1.Ihavedecidedtowithdrawtheoffercontainedinit.”OnJanuary7,afterlisteningtoheransweringmachineandreadingtheletterthatarrivedthatsameday,BuyersentSellerthefollowingtelegram:“IacceptedyourofferofJanuary1.”IsthereacontractunderCISG?

ANSWER:Thecontractisnotconcludedbecausetheoffersenthasbeenwithdrawn.

18.WhenistheacceptanceeffectiveunderCISG?

ANSWER:AccordingtoArticle18,CISG,anacceptanceofanofferbecomeseffectiveatthemomenttheindicationofassentreachestheofferor.19.IsthereanyrequirementoftheformsofacontractunderCISG?

ANSWER:Acontractofsaleneednotbeconcludedinorevidencedbywritingandisnotsubjecttoanyotherrequirementastoform.

20.InaccordancewithCISG,anofferbecomeseffectivewhen_______.ANSWER:itreachestheofferee.

21.Article14ofCISGprovidesthataproposalissufficientlydefiniteifitindicates_____.AgoodsBpriceCquantity

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DdateofdeliveryANSWER:A,BandC

22.Ifthecontractofsaleinvolvescarriageofthegoodsandthesellerisnotboundtodeliverthegoodsatanyotherparticularplace,hemusthandthegoodsoverto_______.

ANSWER:thefirstcarrierfortransmissiontothebuyer.

23.Aftertheconclusionofcontract,ifthedateofdeliveryisnotfixedandcannotbedecidedfromthecontract,thesellershoulddeliverthegood______.ANSWER:withinareasonabletimeaftertheconclusionofthecontract.24.SellerandBuyerhaveconcludedacontractgovernedbyCISG.ThedateofdeliveryspecifiedisJanuary23andSellerdeliveredthegoodsonJanuary3.Whatcouldthebuyerdo?

ANSWER:Buyercanacceptthegoodsdeliveredorrefusetoacceptthemuntilthedateofdelivery.

25.Ifthesalescontracthasnootheragreement,thegoodsinconformitywiththecontractmust:

Abefitforthepurposesforwhichgoodsofthesamedescriptionwouldordinarilybeused

Bbefitforanyparticularpurposeexpresslyorimpliedlymadeknowntotheselleratthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontract,exceptwherethe

circumstancesshowthatthebuyerdidnotrely,orthatitwasunreasonableforhimtorely,ontheseller'sskillandjudgment

Cpossessthequalitiesofgoodswhichthesellerhasheldouttothebuyerasasampleormodel

Dbecontainedorpackagedinthemannerusualforsuchgoodsor,wherethereisnosuchmanner,inamanneradequatetopreserveandprotectthegoods.

ANSWER:A,B,CandD

26.SellerandBuyerconcludedasalescontractonCIFbasis.SellermadedeliveryandpassedtherelateddocumentstoBuyerforpaymentofprice.Buyerrefusedtopaythepriceonthegroundsthathehasnotanopportunitytoexaminethegoods.Isthebuyer’sopinionsoundinaccordancewithCISG?

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ANSWER:Buyercannotrefusetopaythepricefornotexaminingthegoodsbecausethetradetermspecifiedinthesalescontractmakesitimpossibleforhimtoexaminethegoodsinadvance.(Article58ofCISG)

27WhatisthedefinitionoffundamentalbreachofcontractunderCISG?ANSWER:Abreachofcontractcommittedbyoneofthepartiesis

fundamentalifitresultsinsuchdetrimenttotheotherpartyassubstantiallytodeprivehimofwhatheisentitledtoexpectunderthecontract,unlessthepartyinbreachdidnotforeseeandareasonablepersonofthesamekindinthesamecircumstanceswouldnothaveforeseensucharesult.

28.Ifthesellerfailstoperformhiscontractualobligationsatthetimefixedinthecontract,____hastherighttogivehimperiodofgrace.AthecourtwhichhasjurisdictionBarbitrationcourt

CthechamberofcommerceDthebuyerANSWER:D

29.Ifthebuyerhasavoidedthecontractduetotheseller’sfundamentalbreachofcontract,heisstillentitledtorequest____.AspecificperformanceBdeliveryofsubstitutegoodsCdamagesDpricereductionANSWER:C

30.AccordingtoCISG,thebuyermayclaimthedeliveryofsubstitutegoodsonlyif____.

AthelackofconformitygoodsconstitutesfundamentalbreachofcontractBhecanreturnthegoodsdeliveredChemakestherequestatpropertime

DtheselleragreestothedeliveryofsubstitutegoodsANSWER:A,BandC

31.SellerandBuyermadeasalescontactonFOBbasis.ThedateofdeliveryspecifiedisJanuary3.OnJanuary3,theshipdidnotarriveattheportofloadingandthereforethesellerdidnotmakedelivery.OnJanuary10,theship

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arrivedandthegoodswereloaded.Buyerrequestedsellertopaydamagesforlatedelivery.Isthesellerresponsibleforlatedelivery?

ANSWER:Thesellerdidnotmakedeliveryonthetimespecified.Thisisabreachofcontract.Butthereasonforthislatedeliveryisthelatearrivaloftheship.UnderFOBterm,itisthebuyer’sobligationtospecifytheship.Apartymaynotrelyonafailureoftheotherpartytoperform,totheextentthatsuchfailurewascausedbythefirstparty'sactoromission.(Article80)Sothesellerisnotresponsible.

32.SellerandBuyerenteredintoacontractunderCISGforsellertodelivercomputertoBuyerbyJanuary1.Sellerwaslateindeliveringthemachine,soBuyerwiredSelleronJanuary2:Anxioustotakedeliveryofthecomputer.HopethatitarrivesbyFebruary1.SellerdeliversthecomputeronFebruary5,butBuyerrefusestoacceptitanddeclaresthatthecontractisavoidedbecauseSellerfailedtohandoverthecomputerbeforeFebruary1specifiedinthetelegram.Bothpartiesagreethattherehasnotbeenafundamentalbreach.IsBuyerabletoavoidthecontact?

ANSWER:Thebuyerisabletoavoidthecontractbecausethesellerfailstomakedeliverywithintheperiodofgrace.ThebuyerisentitledtotheavoidanceofcontractinaccordancewithArticle47andArticle49.33.TheplaintiffcontractedwithaSwisscompany,thedefendant,foramachinetobemanufacturedbythedefendantaccordingtotheplaintiff'srequirements.Theplaintiffrefusedtoacceptthemachineuponaninspectionatthedefendant'splaceofbusinessaswellasaresultofanotherinspectionwhichtookplaceafterthegoodwasdeliveredtotheplaintiff.Theplaintiffallegeddefectsandalackofconformitywithrespecttothemachine'sclockspeed,althoughitwasnotclearwhetheranagreementonacertainclockspeedhadinfactbeenreachedbytheparties.Thedefendantagreed,however,totakethemachinebackandimproveitsothatitwouldmeetthe

requirementsasdescribedinthedefendant'sofferandintheconfirmationoftheplaintiff'sorder.Inasubsequentlettertheplaintifffixedthedeadlineforperformanceandmadeitclearthatafterthathewouldnotacceptanyperformance.However,themachinewasdamagedwhilebeingreturnedtothemanufacturerduetoitsnegligentloading.Thedefendantrefusedtotakedeliveryandtoperformanyupgrade,whereupontheplaintiffdeclaredina

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letterhisrefusaltoacceptperformanceandsuedfortherepaymentofthepaymentsalreadymadeinadvance.Doestheplaintiffhavearighttoavoidthecontract?

ANSWER:Afterthedefendantdeclaredhisrefusaltoupgradethemachineandtheplaintiffinturndeclaredhisrefusaltoacceptperformance,theplaintiffwasentitledtodeclarethecontractavoidedunderarticles45(1),46,47,49(1)CISG.Althoughtheplaintiffdidnotexpresslydeclarethecontractavoidedasrequiredbyarticle26CISG,hisrefusaltoperform,expressedinwritinginconnectionwiththeclaimforrepayment,wasconsideredasufficientnoticeofthedeclarationofavoidance.

34.SelleragreedtodeliverthreesoftwareprogramstoBuyerthatarespeciallydesignedforBuyer’sbusiness.ThefirstwastobedeliveredinJanuary,thesecondinFebruaryandthethirdinMarch.TheprogramdeliveredinJanuaryworkedfine,buttheonedeliveredinFebruarywasdefective,whichalsomadetheothertwoprogramseffectivelyworthless.Sellerwasunabletocorrectthedefectandnosuitablereplacementcouldbefoundfromanothersupplier,WhatCISGremediesareavailabletoBuyer?

ANSWER:BuyercanavoidthecontractandrequesteddamagesinaccordancewithArticle73and74ofCISG.

35.AccordingtoCISG,theriskinrespectofgoodssoldintransitpassestothebuyerfromthetimeof_____.Atheissueofthedocuments

BthereceiptofthegoodsbythebuyerCtheconclusionofthecontractDthehand-overofgoodstothecarrierANSWER:C

36.Seller,whoseplaceofbusinessisinXi’an,sold50solderingmachinestoBuyer,whoseplaceofbusinessisinYokohama.Thepriceofthesolderingmachineis4000eurospersetFOBShanghai.ThesellerhandedoverthegoodsunderthecontracttoaShippingCompanywhoseplaceofbusinessisinNanking.UnderCISG,whenwillthebuyerbegintobeartherisks?

ANSWER:fromthetimethegoodsunderthecontractpasstherailoftheshipinShanghai.

37.WhatarethelegalconsequencesofthepassingofrisksunderCISG?

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ANSWER:Lossofordamagetothegoodsaftertheriskhaspassedtothebuyerdoesnotdischargehimfromhisobligationtopaytheprice,unlessthelossordamageisduetoanactoromissionoftheseller.

38.Apartywhoreliesonabreachofcontractmust______tomitigatethelossresultingfromthebreach.

ANSWER:takesuchmeasuresasarereasonableinthecircumstances39.Ifthecontractisavoidedandif,inareasonablemannerandwithinareasonabletime