四级专项词汇训练讲义

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netsoilerosiondisruptionofecologicalbalanceecologicalbalanceof netTherestrictioneffectofgrasslandonsoilerosionwasmoreEnvironmentalpollution,damagetovegetation,arbitrarycutdenudation,waterlossandsoilerosionandglobalextremeclimatecausedthedisruptionofecologicalbalance.环境污染、植被破坏、滥砍滥伐、水土流失及全球气候造成了生态系统的失衡Theairwasclean,clearandtheecologicalbalanceofthenetwasshortageofwaterresources水harmfulchemicals有害化合物poisonousgas industrialwastewastegassentofffromautos汽车排放的废caremissionstandard汽车排放标准throw-awaylunchbox recyclableproduct可循环产品renewableresources可更新资源conservenaturalresources保护自然资源sticbagsgreenhouseeffectpoisonous throw-away conservenaturalresourcesgreenhouseeffectsticwillgiveoutpoisonousgaswhen塑料燃烧时散发出气体Throw-awaylunchboxhasbeenprovedtobeharmfulforthe饭盒已被证明对有害Lovinshasalwaysfocusedonsolutionsthatconservenaturalresourceswhilealsopromotingeconomicgrowth。Greenhouseeffectmeansthegradualwarmingoftheairsurroundingthecyberbarson-lineloveaffair网恋webaddiction沉溺于上网computergames电脑游戏computer电脑piratedproducts盗版产品mouse鼠标；monitor显示器keyboard键盘；surfon-line上网website；webpage网页on-lineshop网上购物Webaddiction上网成瘾Autism自闭症piratedproducts盗版产品Webaddiction上网成瘾Autism自闭症Thesemeasuresdealtaheavyblowtotheproductionandsellingofpirated这些行动，地打击了生产销售盗版制品活动Thetragedyshockedthecountryandsparkedcallsforsafeguardsagainstweb这桩悲 了整个韩国，人们纷纷呼吁制定防止沉迷于网络的措施EinsteinandNewtonmayhavehadaformof 可能患有某种类型的自闭症economic/financialcrisis经济/demandexceedssupply/beinshortsupplypurchasing state-ownedenterpriseprivateenterprise私人企业；taxevasion偷税漏税’saccessto/entryintoWTOWTOfranchisedstore专卖店realestateeconomicglobalization经济全球化macroeconomy宏观经济thesizeofmoneysupply货币投放量excessliquidity流动性过剩overheatedeconomy经济过热11.economic/financialcrisis经济/2.taxevasion3.3.4.economicglobalizationHesaidthechangesshouldnotandwillnotbeputinceuntilthecurrentfinancialcrisisis他说，在目前金融结束之前，这些不应也不会Inacountrywithrampanttaxevasion,raisingthe etaxwouldhavebeenseenasunduly在一个逃税猖獗的国家，提高所得税会被认为过分Withthedevelopmentoftheglobalizationandintegrationoftheeconomy,theglobaleconomylinksmoreclosely.随着经济全球化和的深入，全球经济联系更加紧密Today,withtheeconomicglobalization,collaborationandcombinationhas ethemainformsdrivingeconomicdevelopment.self-confidencepeopleinmanywalksoflifeurgesbtodosth力劝做某事;allowsb/sthtodo/bestartwithan发起一场运beeagertodosth渴望knowabout了解cross-culturalcontact跨文化交流mutualculturalexchange相互文化交流self-esteem自尊；thedirectcorrelationbetweenself-esteemandsuccessalsoappliestoone’sabilitytoachievesocialconsciousnessself-confidenceself-esteemsocialconsciousnessTheapplicantsmustconveyasenseofself-confidenceandenthusiasmforworkfactorswhichallinterviewers’valuehighly.申请人一定要表观出一种自信和对工作的热情——Injustafewminuteseachdayyoucanbuildyourselfesteemandreaptherewardsofgreaterhappinessandlifesatisfaction.每天只需几分钟你就可以树立起自信，收获的和生活满足感Socialinequitiesofthepastarerapidlygivingwaytoexpandedsocial过去社会的正在被扩大的社会觉悟迅速取代honesty;integrity诚实sincerity诚恳senseofresponsibility责任感cooperation合作；enthusiasm热诚conscientiousness自觉性ethicalandmoralstandards reliability;dependability可靠性concernforothers他人；patience耐perseveranceseriousnessofpurposeinitiativeintegrityethicalandmoral perseveranceinitiativeHeisamanofintegrity;healwaysfollowshisownDifferentcountrieshavedifferentmoralstandards.AmanofstrongwillandperseverancealwayshasaninflexibleHowhappyyouareatworkdependsinpartonhowmuchinitiativeyouadvancedscientific对…exertafar-reachingimpactdouble-edgedswordearth-shakingpavethewayforthefutureexertafar-reachingimpacton…对…earth-shakingchangesWecanseeclearlythat evisionwillexertafar-reachingimpactonHowever,inthepast50years,earth-shakingchangeshavetakenceonthisancientland.Ithastakenonacomple ynewlook.50能源energy能源消耗depletionof sophisticatedtechnical权宜之计 aheatedexhaust性的与…compared里程 使…TheconferencewillgodowninhistoryasaHeactedoutofexpediency,notButashisbehaviorbecamemoreeccentric,hislifestylebegantoovershadowhisusherspeedyand影响 25.潜 potential潜25.潜 potential潜 potentialDespitethattherearesomepotentialhazardsofonlineshop;itsbenefitsforusstilloutweighitsdownside.尽络购物会有一些潜在的，但是它的益处还是胜过它的短处ambitiousadaptabilityadaptoneselfto…使自己适应prosperitybedisadvantageousto…对…flow nelmechanism 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fuel无污染luxurychronicleadpoisoning慢性铅fill…with…使…boosttheeconomicdevelopmentbeconcernedabout…对…担忧/关注luxuryBoosttheeconomicdevelopmentandregionalcooperationinthisI'mconcernedabouttheaccidentthathappenedAsthepriceofhighfashionandluxurycontinuestoclimb,sodesignersareupthedeluxefactorineveryaspectofagarment.popularizationofcarslaymoreemphasison…把重心放在observetrafficregulationsbreaktrafficregulations交通规getstruckintrafficrushhour上下班时easethetrafficpressure缓解交通压力18.pedestrian行人19.pavement人行道20.zebracrossing斑马线21.overspeed超速行驶22.bottleneck交通堵塞地区settledowneffectivelawsimposerestrictionson…对…short-sightedobservetrafficregulationseasethetrafficpressureshort-sightedDriverswhoobservetrafficregulationswillbeawarded"WhitePoints"bytheDubai.Thisnewsystemwillbeannouncedinamonth.Inthecitytherearelightrailtrainandferrybeforeitcaneasethetrafficpressureandalsoforurbantourism.Focusingmerelyonyourstartingsalaryissoshort-sighted.Youneedtolookatthebig类newscensorshipmassmedia大众entertainmentjournalismjournalthelatestnews消exclusivenews独 newsagencyjournaljournalexclusivenews独 TherewasaHarvardreportpublishedinanutritionjournalallabout有一篇在营养学期上的哈佛大学报告都在谈论这件事。Thenewsagencycanalwaysprovideitsreaderwiththeexclusivenews.这家通讯社总是能提供他的读者们独家的。11.domofthepress12.coveragedoreportageon…报导hittheheadlinesissue、newsstand-lancerwriterchiefeditor总编19.editorial20.newsworthy值得的21.barometer晴雨表hittheheadlinesAyearhaspassedsincethisphenomenonfirstgainedattention,andnewdealscontinuetohitthe这个现象首次引起人们的关注距今已有一年，但新仍在不断登上头条thebarometerofpublic livebroadcastquizshow智力竞争gameshow游戏varietyshow综合talkshowsoapoperamoviestarmoviekingmoviequeenthethebarometerofpublic Ontheotherhand,thegrapevineisvaluableasabarometerofpublicopinioninthe但在另一方面，作为组织中的晴雨表是有价值的affaircelebrityfamerisetofamefaninvadeone’sprivacy侵扰了…misleading误导性的40.cheating性的41.popularity知名度42.scandal43.sensational轰动的risetofamepopularitysensationalHisrisetofamewasHerpopularitydeclinedafter1990'sandberetired.20世纪90年代之后知名度下降并退休了。IntheUSinthe19thcenturymanynewspaperscarriedsensationalstoriesmeanttoangerorexcite19世纪的，许多报通过报导轰动来激起或读者44.prevalent普遍的、流行的45.imperative重要的、必要的46.audienceratings收视率47.propaganda宣传beabductedby受…purifyone’ssoulliveinvirtualwould一个虚拟世界beagreatcomforttosomebody对…meetdifferenttastesprovidesomebodywithsomething给…提供1.1.prevalent2.2.purifyone’ssoulRespiratorydisorders,includingoccupationalandenvironmentallungdiseases,areReadingli turecanpurifymysoulthatisnotpureenough.品读经典名著可以净化我不够纯洁的。followthefashionblindly盲目追逐时尚mitcrimesbeinconceivabletosomebody对…来说是难以impressiverightto inthedisguiseof…打着…endangersocialstabilityandsafetyfollowthefashionblindlyrightto inthedisguiseof…打着…YoushouldnotfollowthefashionThepublic'srighttoknow,participate,expressandsupervisecanbeensuredbyopenandtransparentlegislation.公开透明的程序可以确保公众的、参与权、表达和监督权Massmediashouldnotinanywaypublishanadvertisementinthedisguiseofanews大众媒介不得以形式发布 drought旱灾Locust'ləʊkəst/famine-stricken饥荒的 hungrytodeath要死Emaciatedɪˈmeɪʃieɪtɪd/grainfoodshortage缺粮 suffering受难refugeedeathtoll人 3.3.refugeeButifitoccurredtoday,itwouldbedevastating.如果发生在今天，那将是性的。Theyareallresolvedrathertodiethantofamish.Asyouknow,catastrophehasstruckourInrecentyears,theUnitedKingdomalsosimplifiesrefugeemanagementprogram,shortenedapprovalcycle.近年来，英国还简化了难民管理程序，缩短了周期 centralizationimbalanceinthelongruninfrastructureboomingtertiaryindustrytranquilityrevenuemercializationtrafficcongestionwaterscarcitytheenvironmentalpollution inthelongruntranquilitytrafficcongestionCitiesandurbanizationaretheinevitableresultofsocial城市和是社会发展的必然结果Inthelongrun,it'snotaquestionofwhethertheydeservetobeWealllikethetranquilityofthecountryTheroutewasdesignedtorelievetrafficover-industrialization过度工业化15.over-crowdedness过度拥挤16.unemployment失业wealthdistribution分socialinstabilityurbanconstructionpopulationexplosionarisingcrimerate率上drainofenergyandresourcesoffermorejobopportunities提供的就业机arapidpaceoflifestress-relatedillnessessocialinstability社 populationexplosionstress-relatedillnesses ernmentputanendtothesocialinstabilityofthat结束了那个时期社会不安