2022-2023学年山西省太原市古交第十三中学高三英语联考试题含解析

2022-2023学年山西省太原市古交第十三中学高三英语联考试题含解析一、选择题1.Todayscientistsdescribetheuniverse______twobasicpartialtheories—thegeneraltheoryofrelativityandquantummechanics(量子理论).A.intermsof

B.inmemoryof

C.infavorof

D.inhonorof参考答案：A【详解】考查词组。A.intermsof就---而言；B.inmemoryof为了纪念---；C.infavorof支持；

D.inhonorof向---表示敬意。句意：今天，科学家们用两个基本的部分理论来描述宇宙——广义相对论和量子力学。结合句意可知答案为A。2.Ithinkyou’vegottothepoint

achangeisneeded,otherwiseyou’llfail.A．when

B．which

C．where

D．there参考答案：C3.It’sreallycoldhere.Ihaveneverexperiencedsuchterribleweatherinmy

life.

A．full

B．entire

C．complete

D．total参考答案：B4.Didyoutakeenoughmoneywithyou?—No,Ineeded______IthoughtIwould.

A.nosomuchas

B.asmuchas

C.muchmorethan

D.muchlessthan

参考答案：C5.Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,____________.A.doctorscametotheirrescue

B.thetallbuildingcollapsedC.anemergencymeasurewastaken

D.warningwasgiventoterrorists参考答案：B略6.On8thAugust,1914,twenty-sevenmen______aship______fortheAntarctic.A.boarding;leaving

B.boarded;leaving

C.wentabroad;left

D.wereonboard;left参考答案：B7.

—WhatshallIdoifIgetlostinastrangetown?

—Askwhoeverisavailableinthestreetforhelp,justasyou

doinyourowntown．

A．should

B．must

C．might

D．will参考答案：C8.-Whydidn'tyoucometoMike'sbirthdaypartyyesterday?

-Well.I_______.butIforgotit.

A.should

B.must

C.shouldhave

D.musthave参考答案：C9.—IgotthatjobIwantedatthepubliclibrary.—___________!That’sgoodnews.A.Goahead B.Cheers C.Congratulations D.Comeon参考答案：C试题分析：考查情景交际及语境理解。根据语境，对方告诉自己得到了渴望已久的工作。听话人应该表示祝贺。A继续，好吧；B加油；C祝贺；D加油。故选C。10.?I’ll_____thesteak.Whatareyouhaving,Linda?

?Anything’sallrightwithme.

A.applyfor

B.waitfor

C.makefor

D.gofor参考答案：D11.—Youlookgreat!Were

youonvacationor

?A.anything

B.nothing

C.everything

D.something参考答案：D考查代词。orsomething“（不能十分肯定）或是什么；或是做点什么”。12.Bythetimeheleavesuniversity,hewillhavegainedmuchworkingexperience____hetakesapart-timejob.A.solongas

B.unless

C.eventhough

D.incase参考答案：A13.Thelittlegirlshowednoanxietybeforethecompetition.Sheseemed

itprettywell.A.toprepare

B.preparing

C.havingprepared

D.tohaveprepared参考答案：D略14.Ifyouwanttolearnalanguagewell,keepthisinmind:thestrongerthe__________,themorequicklyyouwilllearnit.A.motivation B.maximum C.minimum D.motion参考答案：A15.—WillyoucomeovertoBeijingnextsummer?—I’dliketo,butmyfamily______Londonthatsummer.A.arevisiting

B.aretovisit

C.willbevisiting

D.willvisit参考答案：C【考查方向】考查时态的用法。句意：---明年夏天你来北京吗？---我愿意去，但是我的家人那个夏日将正在游览伦敦。根据题干中的nextsummer，表示将来某个时间点或者时间段正在进行的动作用将来进行时。故选C。16.Somemodernteachingequipmentaswellashundredsofbooks

totheruralschools．A.hadbeendonated

B.wasdonated

C.havedonated D.weredonated参考答案：B17.

Oneofthefewthingsyou______sayaboutEnglishpeoplewithcertaintyisthattheytalkalotabouttheweather.

A.need

B.must

C.can

D.should参考答案：C18.Youlookverybeautifulinthisdressandthereisonlyoneofthiskindlefthere.Iwonderifyouwouldbuy______.A.one B.it C.some D.any参考答案：B【详解】考查代词的辨析。句意：你穿这条裙子很漂亮，现在只剩下一条了。我想知道你是否会买它。根据题意，可知这条裙子只有一条了。当one前没有定冠词时表示泛指，不可选，some和any都是不定代词，但此处有特定的指向，特指那一条裙子，用it表示特指，故选B。19.Accordingtothelatestresearch,gettingenoughsleepis_____tomaintaininggoodhealthandreducingstress.A.practical

B.contradictory

C .essential

D.alternative参考答案：C二、完型填空20.

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。ItwasatleasttwomonthsbeforeChristmaswhennine-year-oldAlmieRosetoldherfatherandmethatshewantedanewbicycle.AsChristmasdrewnearer,her36forabicycleseemedtofade,37sowethought.We38thelatestfashion,Baby-Sitter'sClubdolls,andadollhouse.Then,

muchtoour39,onDecember23rd,shesaidthatshe“reallywantedabikemorethananything

else.”

Itwasjusttoo40,whatwithallthedetailsof41Christmasdinnerandbuyinglast-minutegifts,totakethetimeto42the“rightbike”forourlittlegirl.So,herewewere-ChristmasEvearound9:00p.m.,withRoseandherbrother,Dylan,sittingintheirbeds.Wecouldnowthinkonlyofthebicycle,the43.andbeingparentswhowould44

theirchild.

“45ifImakealittlebicycleoutofclayandwriteanotethatshecould46theclaymodelinforarealbike?”herdadasked.Thetheorybeingthat47thisisanexpensiveitemandsheis“suchabiggirl,”itwouldbemuchbetterforhertopickitout.Sohe48thenextfourhourspainstakinglyworkingwithclayto49atinybike.

OnChristmasmorning,wewere

50

forAlmieRosetoopenthelittleheart-shaped51withthebeautifulredandwhiteclaybikeandthenote.Finally,she52

itandreadthenotealoud.

“Doesthis53thatItradeinthisbikethatDaddymademeforarealone?"Beaming,Isaid"Yes.”

AlmieRosehadtearsinhereyeswhenshereplied,“Icouldnevertradeinthis54bicyclethatDaddymademe.I'drather55thisthangetarealbike.”

Atthatmoment,wewouldhavemovedheavenandearthtobuyhereverybicycleontheplanet!

36.A.imagination

B.taste

C.question

D.desire

37.A.or

B.but

C.thus

D.as

38.A.valued

B.enjoyed

C.purchased

D.tried

39.A.despair

B.surprise

C.delight

D.sorrow

40.A.special

B.urgent

C.difficult

D.late

41.A.preparing

B.serving

C.having

D.ordering42.A.bargain

B.make

C.select

D.compare43.A.excitement

B.sorrow

C.hate

D.guilt44.A.encourage

B.disappoint

C.injure

D.interest45.A.What

B.How

C.Why

D.Where46.A.change

B.turn

C.trade

D.sell47.A.since

B.though

C.unless

D.if48.A.spared

B.saved

C.spent

D.took49.A.choose

B.repair

C.ride

D.create50.A.sad

B.excited

C.confused

D.embarrassed5l.A.note

B.package

C.bag

D.envelop52.A.appreciated

B.rejected

C.opened

D.accepted53.A·mean

B.promise

C.allow

D.predict54.A·false

B.expensive

C.strange

D.charmmng55.A.buy

B.keep

C.admire

D.replace参考答案：36.D。上文提到“shewantedanewbicycle”，即“她的要求、心愿”。所以此处选desire。37.A。此处要根据上下文的逻辑选择。上文说“随着圣诞节的临近，她要自行车的愿望似乎逐渐消失了，或者我们是这么想的”。此处是不确定的猜测。38.C。圣诞抢购风潮，下文有提示。39.B。本以为“herdesireforabicycleseemedtofade”,当女儿说出“reallywantedabikemorethan

anythingelse”，这就让我们非常“惊讶”。40.D。这句话的结构是“Itwasjusttoo…totaketimeto…”，因为准备圣诞晚宴，购买最后的礼品，己经没时间挑选自行车了。下文提到“itwouldbemuchbetterforhertopickitout”可以得知此处是“太晚了”。41.A。做饭，“准备”圣诞大餐。42.C。此处指“没时间挑选”，而不是“没时间购买”，下文“itwouldbemuchbetterforhertopick即提示。43.D。因为没能满足女儿所要圣诞礼物的愿望而感到愧疚。44.B。因为没时间让女儿选出中意的自行车，担心会“使女儿失望”。45.A。“Whatif…?”为固定搭配，意思是“如果……会怎么样呢?”。此处指父亲的内心活动，因无法满足女儿圣诞礼物的愿望，想办法弥补。46.C。因为没有时间挑选自行车，计划做一个泥自行车，又担心女儿不喜欢，所以想写一个说明“可以用这个泥自行车换一个真自行车”，以此安慰女儿。trade

in交换，经营，买卖；抵价购物”之意。47.A。since此处表示原因，意为“既然”。48.C。上文提到的是“设想”，下文紧接着就是行动。所以花费四个小时做自行车模型。49.D。用泥做自行车模型，所以选create，而不是修理、选择或骑自行车等。50.B。因为给女儿送圣诞礼物，所以等待女儿打开圣诞礼物包裹的心情是激动的。5l.B。包装圣诞礼物的包裹。不可能把自行车模型放在袋子里或信封里。52.C。打开包裹，open为一般用语。53.A。这意味着可以用模型交换一辆真的自行车吗?mean“意味着……”。54.D。false“假的”；expensive“昂贵的”；strange“奇怪的”；charming“漂亮迷人的”；选charming对应前文的"beautifulred

and

white

claybike”。55.B。前文提到“Icouldnevertradeinthischarmingbicycle”，也就意为着要一直保留着。所以选keep。21.Anadultgiraffe'sheadisaboutsixfeetaboveitsheart.Thismeansthatto41enoughblooduptothebrainthecirculatory42mustbestrongenoughtokeepthebloodatveryhighpressure.Biologistshaveknownforsometimethatgiraffessolvethisproblembyhaving43highbloodpressure,about44thatofhumanbeings.Butaninternationalteamofbiologistsbeganto45aboutthis.Ifgiraffeshavesuchhighbloodpressure,theyshouldhavea46problemwithswellingintheirlegsandfeet.Whydon'tgiraffeshaveswollenfeet?Giraffesshouldhave47problem,too.Everytimetheybendheads48todrink,thebloodshould49totheirheadsandhaveahardtime50backup(whentheheadisdown)totheheart.Howcomegiraffesdon'tblackoutwhentheydrink?Theanswertothe51feetproblem,theresearchersfound,isthatgiraffeshave52theresearcherscalla"naturalanti-gravitysuit".It53outthattheskinandother54intheirlegsandfeetare55stifferandtougherthanthoseofother56.Asaresult,thebloodvesselsinthelegcannotswell.Therefore,thebloodhasnowheretogobutbacktotheheart.Whataboutbloodrushingtothehead57thegiraffebendsdowntodrink?Theresearchersfoundthatthegiraffe'sjugularvein,which58bloodfromtheheadbacktotheheart,haslotsofone-wayvalvesinit.Inthegiraffe'sneck,therearelotsofmusclesthatflexandrelaxrepeatedlyastheanimalmovesitsheadandsucks59drinkingwater.Bysqueezingthevalvedjugularvein,they60bloodmovingbacktotheheartevenwhiletheanimalisdrinking.41.A.bring B.produce C.transfer D.pump42.A.structure B.system C.function D.organism43.A.unusually B.generally C.uncomfortably D.commonly44.A.half B.multiple C.double D.pair45.A.investigate B.wonder C.undertake

D.learn46.A.terrible B.unreliable

C.unsolvable

D.advisable47.A.other B.some

C.others D.another48.A.up B.down C.toward D.aside49.A.crush B.brush

C.push D.rush50.A.following B.returning C.plowing D.pouring51.A.healthy B.swollen C.dreary D.radical52.A.what B.where C.that D.those53.A.reveals

B.indicates C.figures D.turns54.A.tissues

B.vessels C.pores

D.organs55.A.many B.very C.much

D.less56.A.giraffes B.animals C.people D.creatures57.A.whenever B.whatever C.however D.wherever58.A.reflects

B.releases C.receives D.carries59.A.in

B.up C.to D.from60.A.permit

B.prevent C.retain

D.keep参考答案：41-45.DBACB

46-50.ADBDC

51-55.BADAC

56-60.BADBD41.D词义辨析题。文章第一句就指出，成年长颈鹿的脑袋在心脏以上6英尺高的地方。空格所在句子意思是：这意味着，要________足够的血液到大脑，循环________必须足够强壮才能保持血液有很强的压力。pump除了表示“用泵抽”之意，还可以表示“(用泵拉取)注入”，符合句意，所以D正确。42.B词义辨析题。由空格所在句意可知，空格处是指长颈鹿的循环系统，所以B正确。43.A词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：生物学家已经发现长颈鹿有________很高的血压能解决这个问题，由此可知，这个很高的血压应该是与众不同的，所以A正确。44.C词义辨析题。根据空格前面句子意思可知，空格处应该是一个表示倍数的词。double名词表示“两们”，符合句意，所以选C。前面提到长颈鹿的血压很高，所以排除A;multiple只是指“倍数，若干”，但是没有说明是多少倍，所以排除。45.B词义辨析题。空格所在句子句首的but表示转折，说明句子内容与前面提到的内容不同，选项中只有wonder一词可以表达这种不同，即“一个国际生物学家小组对此表示怀疑”，所以B正确。46.A词义辨析题。空格所在的句意为：如果长颈鹿的血压有这么高，那么它们会有________的问题。选项中terrible意为“很糟糕的”，unreliable意为“不可靠的”，unsolvable意为“不能解决的”，advisable意为“可取的”，只有terrible符合句意，所以A正确。47.D词义辨析题。通读第三段可知，该段是在讲长颈鹿血压很高的话为什么喝水时不会晕倒这个问题，所以该空格所在句子意思是“长颈鹿还应该有另一个问题”，而不是“有其他问题”，所以D正确。排除A。48.B词义辨析题。根据常识可知，长颈鹿要把头低下来喝水，所以B正确。49.D词义辨析题。本句意思是长颈鹿低头喝水时，血液应该________到大脑。rush意为“冲;急流”，符合句意，所以D正确。crush意为“压碎”，brush意为“刷”，push意为“推动”。50.C词义辨析题。根据句意可知，长颈鹿头低下的时候，血液流回到心脏比较困难，所以C正确。return作不及物动词时虽然也可以表示“返回”，但它本身已经包含back的含义，所以排除。51.B词义辨析题。联系上下文可知，如果长颈鹿血压很高，那么它们会有腿部肿胀的问题，空格所在句子就是指长颈鹿对于腿部肿胀问题的解决，所以B正确。原文第二段已经出现swollenfeet这一表达，根据原词复现的原理也可知本题选B。52.A语法结构题。空格为所在句子从句的引导词，在从句中作宾语，所以A正确。53.D惯用搭配题。选项中能与out搭配的词有figure和turn,figureout表示“计算出;解决”，不合句意，排除;turnout表示“证实;发觉是”，符合句意，所以D正确。reveal意为“揭示”，indicate意为“指出”。54.A词义辨析题。空格前的and说明空格处的词和skin并列，句意为“它们腿和脚上的皮肤和其它________”。tissue意为“组织”，符合句意，所以A正确。vessel意为“血管”，pore意为“小孔”，organ意为“器官”。55.C语法结构题。空格后为两个形容词比较级，由此可知空格应该是能够修饰形容词比较级的词，结合句意可知长劲鹿腿和脚的皮肤和其他组织更坚硬，所以much符合句意，C正确。56.B词义辨析题。由空格前的than可知，是拿长劲鹿和其他动物做比较，所以B正确。57.A逻辑衔接题。空格所在句子意思是：________长劲鹿低头喝水时，血液冲向大脑怎么办?根据句意可知whenever符合，所以A正确。58.D词义辨析题。空格所在句子意思为：(长劲鹿的劲静脉)能将血液从大脑________回心脏。carry符合句意，所以D正确。59.B惯用搭配题。suckup意为“吸收”，suckin意为“利用;欺骗;诈取”，to和from不能和suck搭配，suckup符合句意，所以B正确。60.D词义辨析题。空格所在句意为：通过挤压劲静脉的阀门，它们能________血液流回到心脏，甚至在长颈鹿喝水的时候也能。keep符合句意，所以D正确。三、阅读理解22.Specialshipsthatcreatecloudsbysendingseawaterintotheaircouldbethecheapestwayofdealingwithclimatechange,newresearchhasfound.Thetechnique,knownas“marinecloudwhitening”,wouldcreatecloudsabovethePacificOceanthatwouldhaveacoolingeffectbyreflectingsunlightawayfromEarth.Nearly2,000wind-poweredshipswouldcrossthesea,gettingseawaterandsendingitupthroughtalltubes.“Whenyousendsaltwaterintotheair,youcreatebiggerandwhiterclouds,andthusreflectmoresunlightbackintospace,”saidDavidYoungfromthegroupofthestudy.

ThepaperbyProfessorEricBickelandLeeLanelookedintothecostsoftheprojects.Itfoundthatcloudwhiteningwouldreducetheeffectsofclimatechangethiscenturyfornomorethan￡5.3billion.Thisisonlyasmallpartofthe￡150billionthatleadingnationsareconsideringspendingtocutCO2emissions(排放物)eachyear.Itisalsomorethan25timescheaperthanthe￡140billioncostofanotherprojectwhichwouldcopythecoolingeffectofvolcanoes.Theauthorsalsocomparedthecostbenefitsthatreducingtemperatureswouldhave.Theyfoundevery￡1spendonotherwayswouldhave￡15ofbenefits,howeverevery￡1spentoncloudwhiteningwouldbring￡2,000ofbenefits.Thesewouldincludethehumancostsonhealthandtheinfluenceonotherfields.DavidYoungsaid,“MarinecloudwhiteningcouldachieveasmuchfortheplanetasCO2cutswould,butwithmuchlesscost.”Buthewarnedthatthesetechniquesshouldn’tbeconsideredasalong-periodwaytodealwithclimatechange.“It’simportanttonotethatthistechniquewouldn’treduceCO2emissionsordealwiththecausesofglobalwarming,butwouldcoveritseffects.”hesaid.68.“Marinecloudwhitening”hasaneffectonglobalwarmingby__________.A.cuttingsunlight

B.sendingcoldairintospaceC.coolingwaterintheair

D.coolingairwithwater69.Thefourthparagraphmainlytellsus________.A.waystodealwithclimatechangeB.thecoststodealwithclimatechangeC.cloudwhiteningcostsmuchlessthanotherprojectsD.leadingnationswastemuchmoneyincuttingCO2emissions70.Comparedtootherprojects,cloudwhitening_________.A.hasagreatereffectonvolcanoesB.willbringmorebenefitsC.willbenefitman’shealthmostD.canreducetemperaturesinabetterway71.Itcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphsthatcloudwhitening_________.A.helpsuslearnmoreaboutglobalwarmingB.meanscuttingCO2emissionsC.isthebestwaytodealwithclimatechangeD.can’tstopglobalwarmingbasically

参考答案：68-71ACBD略23.IntheUnitedStates,whenonebecomesrich,hewantspeopletoknowit.Andevenifhedoesnotbecomeveryrich,hewantspeopletothinkthatheis.Thatiswhat“keepingupwiththeJoneses”isabout.Itisthestoryofsomeonewhotriedtolookasrichashisneighbors.Theexpressionwasfirstusedin1913byayoungAmericancalledArthurMomand.Hetoldthisstoryabouthimself.Hebeganearning$125aweekattheageof23.Thatwasalotofmoneyinthosedays.HegotmarriedandmovedwithhiswifetoaverywealthyneighborhoodoutsideNewYorkCity.Whenhesawthatrichpeoplerodehorses,Momandwenthorsebackridingeveryday.Whenhesawthatrichpeoplehadservants,Momandandhiswifealsohiredaservantandgavebigpartiesfortheirnewneighbors.Itwaslikearace,butonecouldneverfinishhisracebecauseonewasalwaystryingtokeepup.TheraceendedforMomandandhiswifewhentheycouldnolongerpayfortheirnewwayoflife.TheymovedbacktoanapartmentinNewYorkCity.Momandlookedaroundhimandnoticedthatmanypeopledothingsjusttokeepupwithrichlifestyleoftheirneighbors.Hesawthefunnysideofitandstartedtowriteaseriesofshortstories.Hecalledit“KeepingupwiththeJoneses”because“Jones”isaverycommonnameintheUnitedStates.“KeepingupwiththeJoneses”cametomeankeepingupwithrichlife