主语从句课件

简单句基本句型BasicSentencePatternsSummary简单句1.S+VHecooks.Abusarrived.2.S+V+OIlikeEnglish.TomwatchesTV.3.S+LV+P表语Sheisastudent.Thehouseisgreen.4.S+V+IO+OTheygavemeapresent.I’llgetyousometea.5.S+V+O+OCWecallherLily.Ifindmathsdifficult.Hemademelaugh.Weaskedhimtocome.Ⅰ.简单句1.Thingschanged.2.Treesaregreen.3.Wedon’tbeatchildren.4.Hegavehissisterthepiano.5.Ifoundthebookeasy.

主+谓主+谓+表主+谓+宾主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语‹›主+谓+宾+宾补Nounclause名词性从句Step1：RelatedConception(相关概念)1.名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。TheboyisLiMing.主语表语Mr.Li,a24-year-oldboy,teachesusEnglish.主语同位语宾语在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。什么是名词性从句?名词性从句主语从句(TheSubjectClause)宾语从句(TheObjectClause)

表语从句(ThePredicativeClause)同位语从句(TheAppositiveClause)Whatkindofnounclausesarethey?

Hisstoryisinteresting.Whathesaidisinteresting.

Iheardhisstory.Iheardwhathesaid.

Ilistentohisstory.Ilistentowhathesaid.

主语从句宾语从句宾语从句（介词之后Thisishisstory.

Thisiswhathesaid.

Theideaofgoingthereisgood.

Theideathatwegothereisgood.表语从句同位语从句Practicetime：指出下列各名词性从句的种类Atlunchtime,theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.2.Shewonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning.3.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.4.Shesensedthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkcoat.5.

Whenwewillstartisnotclear.6.

Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.宾语从句宾语从句表语从句宾语从句主语从句同位语从句主语从句：充当主语的句子叫主语从句。从属连词基本用法一、that引导主语从句1.that引导主语从句，起连接作用，不充当成分。2.主语从句置于句首时,不能省略连接词。Thathelikesbooksofthiskindisveryinteresting.他喜欢这种书，这件事非常有趣。

注意:由that引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。例如:

1.That

hewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible.______________________________________________________________________________2.Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural._____________________________________*it为形式主语Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.Itisimpossiblethathewillrefusethispieceofadvice.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:

1)Itis+n.+从句Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是……Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是…Itisafactthat……是事实Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常识*_______________(很遗憾)welostthematch.*______________(这是事实)hecheatedintheexam.ItisapitythatItisafactthat2)Itis+adj.+从句It’scertainthat…肯定…Itispossiblethat...很可能……Itisunlikelythat...不可能……Itisobviousthat…很明显…Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…*_________________(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_________________(很明显)thismeasureiseffective.+(should)+do…ItispossiblethatItisobviousthat3)It+不及物动词+从句Ithappenedthat...碰巧……

Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…*________________(刚好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.*____________________(我突然想起)Iforgettosenttheletter.IthappenedthatItoccurredtomethat4)It+be+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat...据说……

Itisknowntoallthat...众所周知……

Itisreportedthat...据报道……

Itisbelievedthat...据信……;人们相信……

Itissuggestedthat+(should）do...建议……Itmustbeadmittedthat…必须承认……Itcannotbedeniedthat…不可否认……Itmustbepointedoutthat…需指出的是……*___________________(据报道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*______________________(建议)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.ItisreportedthatItissuggestedthat他喜欢这种书，这件事非常有趣。Helikesbooksofthiskind.It’sveryinteresting.=Thathelikesbooksofthiskindisveryinteresting.=It’svery

interesting(that)helikesbooksofthiskind.1、表不确定的主语从句位于句首的时候则必须用whether，不能用if.二、Whether/if引导主语从句Whetherwe’llgotocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.

明天我们是否去野营取决于天气情况。Itisdoubtfulwhetherhehasreceivedyourletter.=Itisdoubtfulifhehasreceivedyourletter2、如果用It作形式主语时,whether和If都可以引导主语从句。3、whether和if不充当句子成分，含有“是否”的意思,若后紧跟ornot，用whether.what引导主语从句连接代词

基本用法Heoftenholdsadictionaryinhishand.What1、what引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语、宾语。heoftenholdsinhishand

isadictionary.(1)、Theboysaidthathemissedhismotherverymuch.whattheboysaidwasthathemissedhismotherverymuch.(2)、Hewantstoseehismother’ssmile.Whathewantstoseeishismother’ssmile.2、who,whatever,whoever,whose,whom可引导主语从句，在从句中充当成分。

Whatever

wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.whowasresponsiblefortheaccidentisnotyetclear.

Whoevermakesmistakesmustcorrectthem.(无论什么,主语)(无论谁，主语)谁，主语连接副词

基本用法Wherehecamefromstillpuzzlesallofus.Whentheplaneistotakeoffhasnotbeenannounced.Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.Where/when/how/why也可引导主语从句，在从句中充当状语。

如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。Whentheywillstartandwheretheygo

havenotbeendecidedyet.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbegin

hasnotbeendecided.主谓一致例1.Whenwillhecomeisnotknown.正：Whenhewillcomeisnotknown.主语从句要采用陈述句的语序。注意：Whatyousaidabouthimmakeshimsad.Thatyoudon’tlikehimmakeshimsad.难点1：that与what的区别Whattheteachersaidhadagoodeffectonthechildren.

It

wastrue(that)Alicedidsurprisedhermother.1、都起引导作用，放在句首都不可以省略2、that不充当成分；what在从句中充当成分3、that无词义；what表示“···的东西/事情/话”1、___hehasbecomearichmanisknowntoallinourtown.A.BecauseB.ThatC./D.What2、____wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.(NMET1996)What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what［解析］名词性从句whatwecan’tget和whatwehave中what都充当宾语，都属于关系代词型的what，本身不表示疑问而表示泛指相关的事物。“whatwecan’tget”相当于包含定语从句的“thingsthatwecan’tget”;“whatwehave”相当于包含定语从句的“thingsthatwehave”。

难点2：

wh-词和wh-ever的区别

Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.=Anyone

whobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.=Anythingthatyoudidisright.Whatcausedtheaccidentwhichhappenedyesterdayremainsunknown.无论谁谁什么无论什么Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Whateveryoudidisright.wh-ever往往含有强调作用，意思是“无论---”“nomatter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever”的含义为“……都……；不管……都……”

它们引导的让步状语从句可以互换。例如：

Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.=Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.无论发生了什么，他都不会介意的。Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustkeepthelaw.=Whoeveryouare,youmustkeepthelaw.不管你是谁，你都要遵纪守法。让步状语从句“nomatter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词-ever”还可以引导名词性从句。1、Youmaygivethefilmticketto_______youthinkneedsit.

A.nomatterwho

B.whomever

C.whoever

D.nomatterwhom2、---______helpsotherswillbehelped.---SoI’llbethankfultoandtrytohelp______hashelpedus.

Whoever;whomever

B.Whoever;whoever

C.Who;whoever

D.Who;whomever这里缺少主语，youthink是插入语。难点3:It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.Itis

John

thatbrokethewindow.主语从句主语从句强调句去掉强调句型、各个成分各归其位以后，该句子是否还成立。【改错练习】下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析错误的原因。1.Lighttravelsfasterthansoundiscommonknowledge.2.Ifshe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattermuch.Thatthat虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略。Whetherif,whether都可表示“是否”,但if不能引导位于主句之前的主语从句，它可以引导位于主句之后带有形式主语it的主语从句。3.Thattheprofessorsaidisofgreatimportance.4.Wherewillthetreesbeplantedhasnotbeendecided.Whatthat引导主语从句时无词义。Whattheprofessorsaid表示“教授所说的”。将will置于trees之后。主语从句要用陈述句语序。5.Nomatterwhobreakstherulewillbepunished.6.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldstillremainaquestion.引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引导名词性从句时只能用whoever。Whoever主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用单数形式。remains7.Whatwereyourproblemsayearagohasnowbecomemine.8.Itwasrequestedthateveryonemadeaspeechatthemeeting.has要改为have。主语从句表示复数概念时，谓语要用复数形式。have在“Itisrequested/ordered/suggested/insisted/demanded+that从句”中，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。(should)makeSummary12.that与what都可引导主语从句。在从句中what除起连接作用外，还充当成分，然而that不充当任何成分只起连接作用，但不可以省略。3.wh-和wh-ever词的区别在于语义理解，wh-ever往往含有强调作用，意思是“无论---”1、主语从句置于句首时,必须由连接词引导,

不能省略连接词that.4.Whether可引导主语从句放在句首，但if不可以。5.为避免“头重脚轻”，平衡句子，常用it做形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。6.主语从句的主谓一致。单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。两个或两个以上时，则用复数。1._____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.2._____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent3.________the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.4.________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.5.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever6.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.7.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.8.TheForeignMinistersaid,“__isourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”

9.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,____ourastronautsdesireto(渴望)doistowalkinspace.ItthatItwhat用主语从句翻译句子2、无论你毕业于那所学校都不重要Whateverschoolyougraduatefromisnotimportant.1.他在找什么与你无关。Whatheislookingforisnoneofyourbusiness.找出错误，并给出理由：1.Whereshallwespendtheholidayisn’tdecided.2.Youhavemadeamistakeisafact.

3.Ifthepolicemanwillcomeisnotcertain.4.Thatiscertainthatwecanwin.

weshallWhetherItThatyouhave5.Itisorderedweshouldleaveatonce.6.Wherehecomesfromareamystery.7.Whatwhetherhelikesthejobisnotclear.8.Whoheisandwhereheisfromisimportant.9.Whathesawisthestarsinthesky.thatisxareare10.Thattheoldman’ssonwantedtoknowwaswherethegoldhadbeenhidden.11.ItisreportedwhenChinahassuccessfullysentShenzhouVIspaceshipintospace.12.Ifhecanfinishhistaskontimeisofgreatimportance.13.Whetherthe2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingexcitedthewholenation. If→Whether That→Whatwhen→thatWhether→That14.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,whichourastronautsdesireto(希望)doiswalkinspace.15.Whateverleave