英语翻译技巧：比较结构

英语翻译技巧：比较结构关于英语翻译，不同的人有不同的方法，但是在面对同样的题型的时候，你知道该怎样有效的进行下去吗?下面我就和大家共享英语翻译技巧：比较结构，盼望能够关心到大家，来观赏一下吧。

英语翻译技巧：比较结构

从理解与表达的角度来看，比较的形式是次要的，真正重要的是意义上的比较。只要意义上表示比较，就属于比较句式。常见的比较结构的意义很简单理解，所以也比较简单翻译，如：Iamtallerthanhe.(我比他高)。因此，这里不再叙述基本比较结构的翻译方法，而主要介绍在意义上简单混淆的比较结构的翻译。

一、as…as…句型

(一)as…as…句型

as…as…句型是同级比较，表示两者比较程度一样。所以在翻译的时候，通常翻译为“…和….一样”。

Myparcelisasheavyasyours.

我的包裹和你的包裹一样重。

Sheisasmuchinterestedinmusicasever.

她和以前一样对音乐感爱好。

Theeconomicdevelopmentinourcountryisasstablerecentlyasformerly.

近，我国的经济进展和以前一样稳定。

(二)notas(orso)…as…句型

跟as…as…句型相反的结构notas(orso)…as…表示两者的程度不一样，前者不如后者，所以，通常翻译为“…不如…”。

Myuncleisnotas(orso)tallasyourfather.

我叔叔不如你父亲高。

Peoplearenotsohonestastheyoncewere.

人们现在不如过去那样诚恳了。

(三)notsomuch…as…句型

notsomuch…as…这个结构表示的基本意义和notas(orso)…as…一样，但是通常翻译为“与其说…不如说…”。

Hewasnotsomuchangryasdisappointed.

他与其说是生气，还不如说是绝望了。(可以理解为：“他的生气不如绝望多”，就是说“他更多的是绝望，生气是其次。”)

Theoceansdonotsomuchdividetheworldasuniteit.

海洋与其说是把世界分割开来，还不如说是把世界连接在一起。

(四)notsomuchas…句型

notsomuchas…这个结构相当于“noteven…”，所以通常翻译为“甚至不…，甚至没有…”。请留意与notsomuch…as…这个结构的区分。

Hedidn’tsomuchasaskmetosetdown.

他甚至没有请我坐下。

Hecannotsomuchasspellaword.

他甚至连一个词也不会写.

Hehadn’tsomuchashisfarehome.

他甚至连回家的路费都没有了。

二、比较级+thantodo…句型

由比较级与thantodosth.结合在一起的句型，通常翻译为“不至于做某事”。

Yououghttoknowbetterthantogoswimmingonsuchacoldday.

你不至于这么冷的天气去游泳吧。

Ihavemoresensethantotellhimaboutourplan.

我不至于傻到会把我们的方案告知他。

IhadabettermandofEnglishthantomakesuchfoolishmistakes.

我的英语学得很好，不至于犯这样愚蠢的错误。

三、more…than…句型

(一)moreAthanB句型

moreAthanB通常用于同一个人或者事物在两个不同性质或者特征上面的比较。翻译为“与其说B，不如说A”。类似的结构还有lessAthanB，翻译为“与其说A，不如说B”，请留意这两个结构中“与其实说”与“不如说”的对象，即A与B两者的在翻译中的位置。

Heismoregoodthanbad.

与其说他很坏，不如说他很好。

Heislessgoodthanbad.

与其说他很好，不如说他很坏。

Heismoreawriterthanateacher.

与其说他是老师，不如说他是作家。

(二)morethan…句型

在英语中，假如morethan…句型后面所跟的词性不相同，意义也不尽相同，所以应当用不同的汉语词来翻译。

1.morethan后面接数词，表示“多于…，….以上”的意思。

Ihaveknownhimformorethantwentyyears.

我已经熟悉她二十多年了。

Ihavemorethantendollarsinmypocket.

我口袋里还有十多美元。

2.morethan后面接名词或者动词，表示“不只是…”的意思。

Heismorethanafathertoher.

他待她赛过父亲。

Hemorethansmiled,butlaughed.

他不只是微笑，而是放生大笑。

3.morethan后面接形容词、副词或者分词，表示“极其，特别”的意思。

Shewasmorethankindtous.

他对我们特别友好。

Hewasmorethanupsetbytheaccident.

这个意外事故让他特别心烦。

4.morethan…can…则表示“难以…，完全不能…”的意思。

ThatismorethanIcanunderstand.

那件事情，我实在是不明白。

Thecoldwasmorethanthechildrencouldbear.

寒冷是孩子们所不能忍受的。

(三)nomore…than…句型

nomore…than…句型在意义上与notanymorethan….一样，表示对两者都否定，所以可以翻译为“…和….一样不，不…正如…，既不…也不…，…和…两者都不”。跟nomore…than…句型相近，但是意义相反的句型是noless…than…，可以翻译为“既是…，也是…，两者都是…”。

Hisgrammarisnobetterthanmine.

他的语法同我的一样不好。

Heisnomoreawriterthanapainter.

他既不是画家也不是作家。

Heisnolessawriterthanapainter.

他既是画家也是作家。

Iamnomoreapoetthanheisascholar.

我不是诗人，正如他不是学者一样。

2024年翻译资格考试笔译三级练习题

AreyouinterestedinseeingthebeautifulfallfoliageofNewEnglandbuttiredoftrafficjamsandoverbookedhotels?ThenthisyearforgetthecrowdsinNewEnglandandseethebeautifulcolorsofautumnintheCatskills.

TheseruggedmountainsinNewYorkState,just90milesnorthwestofNewYorkCity,arefamousforthelegendarytalesofRipVanWinkle,andmorerecentlyforthesummerhotelsthatsprangupintheregionduringthe1940s,1950s,and1960s.FamiliestryingtoescapetheheatofNewYorkCityfoundtheCatskillstobetheperfectplacetostayforamonthorsoeachsummer.Bythelate1950stherewereover500resortsandhotelsofferingnighttimeentertainmentaswellasallkindsofoutdooractivities.FamousedianslikeJackieGleason,JoanRivers,andSidCaesarallgottheirstarttouringthehotelclubshere.Sincetheintroductionofair-conditioningandcheaperairtravel,however,familieshavestoppedingtotheCatskillsinsuchlargenumbers,choosinginsteadmoredistantlocationsatdifferenttimesoftheyear.ManyoftheCatskillshotelsclosedinthe1970s,butsomeremainandhaveexpandedandchangedtheirfacilitiestomeettheneedsoftoday’svisitors.

Currently,therearemanyactivitiesavailabletothetravelerbesideswitnessingthechangingcolorsoftheleaves.Thereisanall-organicsheepfarmwherevisitorscanseehowatraditionalsheepfarmoperates.Therearealsohundredsofmilesofscenicdrivesinthearea.Route42,forinstance,isanexcellentsiteforspottingbaldeagles.FormoreinformationonvacationsintheCatskills,calltheOfficeofPublicInformation.

61.Theauthor’smainpurposeisto________.

A.promotetheCatskillsasavacationdestination

B.introducevisitorstofamousCatskillsentertainers

C.describethehistoryoftheCatskillsregion

D.paretheCatskillstoNewEngland

62.Theword“rugged”underlinedinParagraph2means________.

A.barren

B.rough

C.tall

D.lush

63.Accordingtothepassage,thedeclineinthenumberofresortsinthe1970swascausedby________.

A.television

B.shortervacations

C.affordableairtravel

D.moretraffic

64.Thephrase“sprangup”underlinedinParagraph2referstosomethingthathas________.

A.burstforth

B.spreadout

C.operatedvigorously

D.joinedtogether

65.InwhatseasonwouldatouristmostlikelyhavevisitedtheCatskillsinthe1950s?

A.Fall.

B.Winter.

C.Spring.

D.Summer.

66.Theauthor’stoneinthispassageis________.

A.lightandencouraging

B.informativeandscientific

C.humorousandskeptical

D.regretfulandreminiscent

67.Fromthepassage,whatmightavisitorbeluckyenoughtodo?

A.Seefallleavesincolor.

B.Seeakindofbird.

C.Workonasheepfarm.

D.Driveonscenicroads.

68.Theword“drives”underlinedinParagraph3refersto________.

A.excursions

B.tracks

C.paths

D.canyons

69.Theword“spotting”underlinedinParagraph3means________.

A.photographing

B.seeing

C.painting

D.shooting

70.TheauthorimpliesthatintheCatskillstherearefew________.

A.leaves

B.eagles

C.people

D.sheep

参考答案：

61.A62.B63.C64.A65.D

66.A67.B68.A69.B70.C

2024年catti笔译三级强化练习题

Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitudes.Emotionalreactionsaswellaslogicalthoughtprocessesaffectthebehaviorofmostpeople.“Theburntchildfearsthefire”isoneinstance;anotheristheriseofdespotslikeHitler.Bothexamplesalsopointupthefactthatattitudesstemfromexperience.Inonecasetheexperiencewasdirectandimpressive;intheotheritwasindirectandcumulative.TheNaziswereindoctrinatedlargelybythespeechestheyheardandthebookstheyread.Theclassroomteacherintheelementaryschoolisinastrategicpositiontoinfluenceattitudes.Thisistruepartlybecausechildrenacquireattitudesfromthoseadultswhosewordtheyrespect.Anotherreasonitistrueisthatpupilsoftendelvesomewhatdeeplyintoasubjectinschoolthathasonlybeentoucheduponathomeorhaspossiblyneveroccurredtothembefore.ToachildwhohadpreviouslyacquiredlittleknowledgeofMexico,histeacher’smethodofhandlingsuchaunitwouldgreatlyaffecthisattitudetowardMexicans.Themediathroughwhichtheteachercandevelopwholesomeattitudesareinnumerable.Socialstudies(withspecialreferencetoraces,creedsandnationalities),sciencemattersofhealthandsafety,theveryatmosphereoftheclassroom…theseareafewofthefertilefieldsfortheinculcationofproperemotionalreactions.However,whenchildrenetoschoolwithundesirableattitudes,itisunwisefortheteachertoattempttochangetheirfeelingsbycajolingorscoldingthem.Shecanachievethepropereffectbyhelpingthemobtainconstructiveexperiences.Toillustrate,firstgradepupilsafraidofpolicemenwillprobablyaltertheirattitudesafteraclassroomchatwiththeneighborhoodofficerinwhichheexplainshowheprotectsthem.Inthesameway,aclassofolderchildrencandevelopattitudesthroughdiscussion,research,outsidereadingandall-daytrips.Finally,ateachermustconstantlyevaluateherownattitudes,becauseherinfluencecanbedeleteriousifshehaspersonalprejudices.Thisisespeciallytrueinrespecttocontroversialissuesandquestionsonwhichchildrenshouldbeencouragedtoreachtheirowndecisionsasaresultofobjectiveanalysisofallthefacts.

81.Thecentralideaoftheabovepassageisthat________.

A.attitudesaffectouractions

B.teachersareimportantindevelopingorchangingpupils’attitudes

C.attitudescanbechangedbysomeclassroomexperiences

D.bytheirattitudes,teachersinadvertentlyaffectpupils’attitudes

82.Theword“despot”underlinedinParagraph2meansaperson________.

A.whoenjoysahighreputation

B.whoisverysuccessfulinpolitics

C.withunlimitedpowers

D.whodepositsalargesumofmoneyinabank

83.Thepupils’attitudesareNOTinfluencedby________.

A.theirparents’persuasiontobehaveproperly

B.theirteachers’attitudes

C.thespeechestheyhearandthebookstheyread

D.suchmediaassocialstudies,sciencematterandclassroomatmosphere

84.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthepupils________.

A.usuallystudyacertainsubjectingreaterdetailsathomethanatschool

B.usuallydonotstudyacertainsubjectathome

C.studythesubjectsonlyatschool

D.studyasubjectmoredeeplyatschoolthanathome

85.Theexampleofthepupils’learningaboutMexicoshowsthat________.

A.achildusuallylearnstherightthingsfromtheirteachers

B.ateachercancorrectapupil’swrongideas

C.ateacher’sattitudecaninfluenceachild’sattitudebyteaching

D.achild’sattitudeisverychangeable

86.Theauthorimpliesthat________.

A.theteachershouldguidealldiscussionsbyrevealingherownattitude

B.insomeaspectsofsocialstudiesagreatervarietyofmethodscanbeusedintheuppergradesthaninthelowergrades

C.peopleusuallyactonthebasisofreasoningratherthanemotion

D.children’sattitudesoftenefromthoseofotherchildren

87.Astatementmadeorimpliedinthepassageisthat________.

A.attitudescanbebasedonthelearningoffalsehoods

B.achildcandevelopintheclassroomanattitudeabouttheimportanceofbrushinghisteeth

C.attitudescannoteasilybechangedbyrewardsandlectures

D.theattitudesofelementaryschool-agedchildrenareinfluencedp