辽宁省沈阳市联合体2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（Word版无答案,无听力音频及听力原文）

第第页辽宁省沈阳市联合体2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（Word版无答案,无听力音频及听力原文）沈阳市联合体2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试

英语

（满分：150分考试时间：120分钟）

注意事项：

1.答题时，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上

2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

3.答非选择题时，必须使用黑色墨水笔或黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上，写在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。

4.考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace

A.Atastudio.B.Atamuseum.C.Atahotel.

2.Whatcausesthewoman’ssleepingproblem

A.Theschoolwork.B.Theweather.C.Theroommates.

3.Whowillfixthecomputerup

A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Thetechnician.

4.Whatarethecharactersonthelanterns

A.Riddles.B.Poems.C.Figures.

5.Whatisthemantryingtodo

A.Givethefirstaid.B.Doswimmingexercise.C.Relaxhimself.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman

A.Tocanceltheirplan.B.Tomakeaninvitation.C.Toaskforinformation.

7.Whatdoesthemandecidetodothisevening

A.Seeabandshow.B.Accompanyhisparents.C.Buyticketsonline.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whatwastheweatherlikethatnight

A.Windy.B.Stormy.C.Cloudy.

9.Wheredidthedoghide

A.Underthesofa.B.Underthetable.C.Underthebed.

10.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthestrangestthing

A.It’snormal.B.It’smeaningless.C.It’shumorous.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.WhatdidDaviddoonhislatestholiday

A.Hehadaboattrip.B.Hedivedinthedeepsea.C.Heclimbedamountain.

12.WhatisonDavid’slist

A.Giftsheneedstobuy.B.Thingshewishestodo.C.Dateshehastoremember.

13.Whichisthegirl’sfavouriteplaceshehasbeento

A.Australia.B.California.C.TheAmazon.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.What’snewinthenewspaper

A.Astudyaboutflowers.B.Anewtypeofplants.C.Anewtasteofhoney

15.Whoweregiventhelessonsaboutplanting

A.Teenagers.B.Soldiers.C.Doctors.

16.Whatdothespeakersneedtodotoday

A.Coversomeplants.B.Offercookingrecipes.C.Decoratethekitchen.

17.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers

A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Classmates.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.WhatisPositivePsychologyabout

A.What’swrongwithus.

B.Howtosolveproblems.

C.Howtohelppeoplebehappier.

19.WhatisMihaly’sideaabouthappiness

A.Weshouldalwayslookforhappiness.

B.Wearethehappiestwhentotallyfocused.

C.Happinessiscausedbythingsthathappentous.

20.Whatisthespeakergoingtointroducenext

A.Moreaboutthetheoryofflow.

B.Theimportanceofthelecture.

C.Therequirementofthecourse

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

TheNobelPrizehasbeenawardedtowomen60timesbetween1901and2022.Thesewomenhavemadeoutstandingcontributionstotheworldsofmedicine,science,literatureandson.Herearefourofthem.

GertrudeB.Elion—PhysiologyorMedicine

GertrudeElionwontheNobelPrizeforherdiscoveriesofimportantprinciplesfordrugtreatment.Elionhadwatchedhergrandfatherdieofcancer,soshedecidedtofightthediseasethroughoutherlife.Elioncreatedasystemfordrugproductionthatreliesheavilyonbiochemistry.

DorothyCrowfootHodgkin—Chemistry

DorothyHodgkinwasaBritishchemistwhoseinterestinresearchbeganwhen,asachild,shereceivedachemistrybookcontainingexperimentswithcrystals.ShestudiedatOxfordUniversityanddevelopedproteincrystallography(蛋白晶体学),whichadvancedthedevelopmentofX-rays.ThisearnedhertheNobelPrize.

ToniMorrison—Literature

ToniMorrison,whosebookBelovedearnedherthePulitzerPrizeandtheAmericanBookAward,wasthefirstBlackwomantoeverreceivetheNobelPrizeinLiterature.BorninOhio,MorrisonwasawriterwhoseworksaremostlyaboutlifeintheBlackcommunity.ShetaughtwritingandservedasanhonoraryprofessoratPrincetonUniversity.

EstherDuflo—Economics

EstherDuflosharedherprizewithherresearchcolleaguesMichaelKremerandAbhijitBanerjee,whoisherhusband.DufloandherpartnerswereawardedtheNobelPrizefortheirapproachtofightingpovertyaroundtheworld.

21.WhatwonGertrudeB.EliontheNobelPrize

A.Herbookabouthergrandfather.

B.Herresearchonmedicine.

C.Hercontributiontofightingpoverty.

D.Herdiscoveryofanewproteincrystal.

22.WhatdoToniMorrison’sbooksmainlyfocuson

A.Educationalissues.B.Writingskills.

C.Communityservice.D.BlackAmericans’life.

23.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE

A.DorothyHodgkinwasanAmericanchemist.

B.MichaelKremerwontheNobelPrizeofLiterature.

C.EstherDuflosharedtheNobelPrizetogetherwithothers.

D.ToniMorrisonwasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize.

B

AkidmovedawayfromhisfriendsofNewJerseytoCalifornia,andthenimmediatelysolvedalocalproblemwithabrilliantinvention.

Alongwithpotentiallywinninghimselfacareerinadvertisementtelevisionwithanexcellentrevealvideoandexcitablevoice,Mathur,an11thgradeSanFrancisco,Californiastudent,hasinventedafire-activatedextinguisher(灭火器)—Fire-Activated-Canister-Extinguisher(F.A.C.E)—toprotectthepropertyofthosehelovesnowthathelivesinastatethathasawildfire“season”.

Whenasensor(感应器)onthedeviceheatsuptoacertaindegree,achemicalburstwithin,releasinganeco-friendlyfire-retardant(阻燃剂)spray5-6feetinalldirections.Theretardantcanbere-filledquiteeasily.

MathurplannedtointroducethedeviceviaKickstarter,whichsawhisgoalof$10,000reachedinlessthanaday,andcamewithanofferof$99forF.A.C.E,thatwillbesoldfor$120whenproductionbegins.MathursaidthateverypennyofprofitwouldgotoprovidingF.A.C.E.donationstofireriskareas.

Indeed5-6feetofsprayisn’tenoughtostoplargefires,butifenoughdevicesareplacedinstrategicareas,neighborhoodsorruralcommunitiescanworktogethertopreventbrushfiresfrombecomingwildfires,orlivingroomfiresfrombecominghousefires.

24.WhatcanweknowaboutMathur

A.HestudiesinNewJerseyB.Heis11yearsold.

C.Heisengagedinsinging.D.Heisreadytohelpothers.

25.What’speople’sattitudetowardsMathur’sinvention

A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Doubtful.D.Ashamed.

26.Whatisthesensorsensitiveto

A.Thefire-retardant.B.Temperatures.C.Directions.D.Thedistance

27.WhatdoesNOTthepassagemention

A.Thepriceofthedevice.B.Theshortagesofthedevice.

C.Thesignificanceofthedevice.D.Thedevelopmentofthedevice.

C

Aspoonfulofpickles(榨菜)cansometimesmakeamealtastebetter.Recently,anewtypeofpickleisbeingdiscussed—digitalpickledvegetables.Itreferstothevideospeoplewatchwhileeating.Manypeoplethinkthatthevideoscanmaketheirfoodmoredelicious.

Insteadofhavingmealswithfriendsandfamilymembers,manyyoungpeopleinChinaarekeptcompanybyTVshowsorshortvideos.Manybelievethattheirfoodistastierwiththe“digitalpickles”.

CanthishabitaffectyourdietAccordingtoaresearchpaper,youmaybenotconsciousofeatingmore.Theinternationalresearchteamasked62volunteerstofollowdifferenteatingpatternsonfourdifferentdays.Thepatternsincludedeatingwhilelookingatthemobilephone,readingmagazinesandwithoutdistraction(使人分心的事).Afteranalyzingtheirdiets,theteamdiscoveredthateatingwithadistractionincreasedcaloricingestion(卡路里摄入)byabout15percent.

Toexplorethereason,theteamalsoinvitedtwogroupsofpeople:onegroupatewhilelisteningtoanaudioclipaboutanotherpersoneatingandtheotherlistenedtoaclipthathelpedthemimaginethemselveseating.Theresultsshowedthatthesecondgroupatelesssincetheyweremorefocusedontheirmeals.Whenweeatwiththe“digitalpickles”,ourattentioncanbedistracted,whichleadstoeatingmorethanexpected.

Thisworksnotonlyforeatingmealsbutotherdemandingtasksaswell.AresearchprojectledbytheUniversityofSussex,UK,pointedoutthatactivitieswhichrequirelotsofattentiontrickmanyparticipantsintoovereating.Theteaminvited120participantstodovarioustaskswhileprovidingthemwithdrinksandsnacks.“Ourstudysuggeststhatifyou’reeatingordrinkingwhileyourattentionisdistractedbyahighlyengagingtask,you’relesslikelytobeabletotellhowfullyoufeel,”oneoftheauthorsMartinYeomansexplained.

28.Whatdo“digitalpickles”referto

A.Anewtypeofvegetables.B.Electronicproducts.

C.Videospeoplewatchwhileeating.D.Digitalgamesforfamilies

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conscious”meaninParagraph3

A.Aware.B.Worthy.C.Capable.D.Delightful.

30.Whydopeopleeatmorewith“digitalpickles”accordingtothepassage

A.Theyarefocusedmoreontheirmeals.

B.Theyaredistractedby“digitalpickles”.

C.Thefoodtastesbetterwith“digitalpickles”.

D.The“digitalpickles”makethemfeelhungrier.

31.Whydoestheauthormentionadifferentstudyinthelastparagraph

A.Toexplainhowtotellyouarefull.

B.Toshowhowtoavoidbeingdistracted.

C.Todescribetheeffectsof“digitalpickles”.

D.Togiveanothercasethatcausesovereating.

D

Scientistshaveanunlikelynewhelperwhileexploringtheearth’scrust(地壳)deepbeneaththeocean:Finwhales.Newresearch,publishedinScience,findsthesefinwhalecalls’soundwavescanhelpcreateimagesoftheseafloordownto2.5kilometres.

Seafloorimaging,whichisimportantforstudyingthingslikeearthquakemechanicsandcarbonstoragecapacity,usuallyuseslargeairgunsthatsendwavesofsounddownwards.Thesoundwavesgothroughthecrustandbouncebacktoinstrumentsontheseafloor,carryinginformationaboutthestructurestheytravelthrough.Butsuchsurveysareexpensive,andtheguns’explosivenoisemayinterruptseacreaturesthatusesoundtocommunicate.

VaclavKuna,thestudyco-author,wasstudyingearthquakeswhenhenoticedstrangereadingsontheseafloorseismic(地震的)instruments,whichturnedouttomatchthefrequenciesoffinwhalecalls.Whalesongsoftenappearinsuchinstruments’records.Seismologistsusuallyseethesesignalsasannoyance.Kuna,however,noticedthatthesignalswerenotcomingdirectlyfromthewhales,butwereechoesbouncingbackfromwithinthecrust.

“Thistechniquedoeshavelimitations,”Kunasays.Finwhalesongsarelimitedinfrequency,meaningthesubsurfaceimagesarenotasclearasthosemadewithairguns.

Nevertheless,thesewhalesarefoundalmosteverywhereexcepttheice-coveredareasoftheArctic.Thewhalecalls’wideexistencemeanstheycouldprovidenewinsightintooldseismicdatasets.“Atleastthewhalesongscanserveasanadditionalsourceofsignals.Theyarefreeandtheyarealwaysthere.It’sawin-win.”Kunasays.

32.WhatdoweknowaboutseafloorimaginginParagraph2

A.Itmayaffectsomeseaanimals.

B.Itsendsraytogetinformation.

C.Itisnotcompletelyaccurate.

D.Itiseconomical-friendly.

33.Whatcanweinferaboutfinwhalecalls

A.Theycanhelpscientiststoobservetheirbehaviours.

B.Theyhavedifferentfrequenciesamongfinwhales.

C.Theyarelikelytobeusedforseafloorimaging.

D.Theyaredifficulttoberecordedbyseafloorseismicinstruments.

34.Whatisthepotentialuseoffinwhalesongs

A.Exchangingmessagesbetweenwhales.

B.Workingasanextrasourceofsignals.

C.Providingusefulinsightsintowhales.

D.Exploringtheice-coveredareasoftheArctic.

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext

A.FinWhaleCallsRevealStructureBeneathOceanFloor

B.FinWhalesCommunicatebySingingSpecialSongs

C.FinWhaleProtectionIsaWin-winMoveforAll

D.SeafloorImagingHelpstoLocateMoreResources

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Modernlifeisevolvingfast.Thinkabouthowmuchthingshavechangedeveninthelasttwentyyears.36Ifanything,it’sincreasing.Technologyisincreasingthequalityofhumanlifeinallkindsofways.

Thewaythatweapproachmotorvehicleshaschanged.37Foralongtime,electricvehicleswereinaccessible.Theywereexpensiveandunattainable.Thingshavechanged.Nowelectricautomobilesarecheaperthanever.Theyaresimilarlypricedasregulargasvehicles.Furthermore,carchargingstationsaremorecommon.38Soonelectriccarswillbeascommonasgasvehicles.Itischangingourwayoflifebyreducingthepollution.

39Itshowsgreatprobabilitiestocontinuetochangethewayweliveforyearstocome,especiallytheentertainment.Withaheadset,youdon’tjustwatchavideo.Youareapartofit.Youcanexperiencethingsdigitally.Itprovidesimmersionthatisdifficulttoaccomplishotherwise.

Artificialintelligence(AI)usesmachinelearningtorecognisepatterns,createalgorithmsandanalyzedata.40AIcanexceltotheoptimalpointineffectivenessproductivity.Itisusedformanydifferentpurposes.Itcanperformallkindsoftasksoutofthinair.

A.Thisrateofchangeisn’tslowingdown.

B.Thetechnologyisalreadybeingappliedinmanyways.

C.AIcancombinealltheinformationavailabletoit.

D.Virtualreality(VR)isapartoftechnologicaladvance.

E.Onlytimewilltellifwecanevolvewiththetechnology.

F.Morearebeinginstalledonthestreetsandintheparkinglots.

G.Electriccarsaretheresponsetothepollutionofgasvehicles.

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

AsachildIoncereadanarticleaboutthePacificCrestTrail(太平洋屋脊步道)inNationalGeographic.Itwasa41oftwomenwhowalked2,650milesfromMexicotoCanadawithhugepacks.Itcaughtmyeye,asI,too,dreamedof42inthewilderness.I’vealwaysrememberedthatstory,butneverbelievedIwouldactually43it.Itwastoofaroutofmy44zone.

Butthen,attheageof42,I45the88TemplesTrailthroughJapan.There,Iexperienced46attractiveitcouldbetohikealone.What47memostwerethefantasticmountains,grandtemplesandgenerouslocalpeople.48,Imanagedtocompletethetrailinsixweekswithoutanysevereinjuries.Forthefirsttime,IrealizedthatIcould49mydreamoftravellingaroundAmericaoneday.

WhenIsharedmyplanwithfriendsandcolleagues,thenewwaswelcomedwith50reactions.FromsomeIgotenthusiastic51.Butfromotherstherewerefrownsandquestionmarks.Halfayearawayfrommyfamilywasachallengeforme.52itwouldn’tdefeatme.Afterall,sixmonthsisjustashort53inalifetime.Afterhavingworkedhardfor20yearsinshiny54,Ifelttheneedformoreadventuresinmylife.Ihopedtodownandlookwithin,aswellas55theunfamiliarthings.IunderstoodthatIneededthemboth.AsJohnMuironceputit,“Keepclosetonature…andclimbamountainorspendweekinthewoods.Washyourspiritclean.”

41.A.newsB.reportC.storyD.photo

42.A.adventuresB.volunteersC.accidentsD.advances

43.A.buyB.makeC.shotD.trick

44.A.griefB.patienceC.angerD.comfort

45.A.divedB.ranC.climbedD.hiked

46.A.whatB.whenC.howD.where

47.A.confusedB.draftedC.chargedD.impressed

48.A.SadlyB.SurprisinglyC.GenerouslyD.Bitterly

49.A.dropB.transferC.achieveD.appreciate

50.A.mixedB.positiveC.doubtfulD.strange

51.A.criticismB.promisesC.supportsD.fault

52.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.ThusD.Otherwise

53.A.paceB.moodC.loadD.period

54.A.forestB.officesC.sheltersD.desert

55.A.seekforB.settleforC.takeafterD.fallbehind

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Areyouafraidofclowns？Youarenotalone.Coulrophobia(小丑恐惧症)isa56(wide)recognisedphenomenon.Astudyhas57(do)todiscoverthereasonswhypeopleareafraidofclowns.

Therearemorethanhalfthevolunteers58(express)theywereafraidofclownsatleasttosomedegree,with5%sayingtheyfeltextremely59(frighten).Butamongthesepeople,veryfewhaveeverhad60unpleasantexperiencewithaclown.

Scientistsdiscoveredthatnegativedescriptionsofclownsinpopularculturewereamuch61(strong)contributingfactortocoulrophobia.Thisisunderstandablebecausemostfamousclownsin62(classic)andfilmsaredesignedtobeterrible.

Scientistsalsofoundthatthestrongestfactorofcoulrophobiacomesfromnotbeingabletoseeclowns’facialexpressionsdueto63(they)make-up.Peoplecannotseetheir“true”facesandcannotunderstandtheiremotionalpurpose.So,forexample,peopledon’tknowwhethertheyhaveafrownorafurrowedbrow,64wouldshowanger.Notbeingabletobeaware65whataclownisthinkingorwhattheymightdonextmakessomeofusonedgewhenwearearoundthem.

第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节应用文写作（满分15分）

假定你是李华，你校举行了一个介绍中国传统节日的英文短视频创作比赛，你的英国笔友Paul来信想了解你的创作，请你根据以下内容提示与注意事项给他写一封英文回信。

内容提示：1.比赛目的；

2.你所选择的节日及其相关介绍。

注意事项：1.词数80左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearPaul,

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二节读后续写（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

WhenIworkedasanurse,Iwasondaydutywhilemyworkmateswereonnightduty.Ononeshift,Isensedsomethingju