全新版大学英语综合5教程Unit3theTruthaboutLying课件

BR_main0BR_mainSpotDictationWord-webBackgroundInformationWarm-upQuestionsDiscussionTopic-relatedPredictionBR_SpotDictation1Directions:Listentothefollowingpassageandfillintheblanks.SpotDictationWhiteliesarethoselittleliesthatwetellto.Canwelivewithoutthem?Ontheonehand,wedon’twantto.Butontheother,wedon’twanttolietothem.Thereis,however,,asyouwilldiscoverintheshorttalkyouareabouttohear.avoidcausingembarrassment________________________hurtotherpeople’sfeelings_______________________awayoutofthedilemma______________________GR_SpotDictation2Whiteliesaresomuchapartofoureverydaylivesthatmostofusprobablydon’tevenrealizewhenwe’ve.Butitdoesn’treallymatter,since.Ofcourse,whiteliescanbeavoidedby,butsooftenthe“ifyoucan’tsayanythingnice,don’tsayanythingatall”mottodoesn’tworkbecause.

letoneslip__________awhitelieisn’tareallie_____________________staringintospaceorpretendingyoudidn’thearthequestion_________________________________________________weareexpectedtosaysomething____________________________BR_Word-webWord-webDirections:Figureouttheexpressionswiththeword“lie”.LIEabold-facedlie厚颜无耻的谎言nailalie拆穿谎言livealie做人虚伪amonstrouslie弥天大谎adownrightlie彻头彻尾的谎言abarefacedlie露骨的谎言ablacklie用心险恶的谎言awhitelie善意的谎言BR_BackgroundInformation1BackgroundInformationWatergateScandal“Watergate”isageneraltermusedtodescribeacomplexwebofpoliticalscandalsbetween1972and1974.ThewordspecificallyreferstotheWatergateHotel,oneoftheplushesthotelsinWashingtonD.C.“Watergate”hasenteredthepoliticallexiconasatermsynonymouswithcorruptionandscandal.ItwasherethattheWatergateBurglarsbrokeintotheDemocraticParty’sNationalCommitteeofficesonJune17,1972.BR_BackgroundInformation2ThestoryofWatergatehasanintriguinghistoricalandpoliticalbackground,arisingoutofpoliticaleventsofthe1960s.Butthechronologyofthescandalreallybeginsduring1972,whentheburglarswerearrested.By1973,RichardNixonhadbeenre-electedPresident,butthestormcloudswerebuilding.Byearly1974,thenationwasconsumedbyWatergate.NixonmadethreemajorspeechesontheWatergatescandalduring1973and1974.PoliticalinvestigationsbeganinFebruary1973whentheSenateestablishedaCommitteetoinvestigatetheWatergatescandal.TheCommitteeuncoveredtheexistenceofthesecretWhiteHousetaperecordings,sparkingamajorpoliticalandlegalbattlebetweentheCongressandthePresident.In1974,theHouseofRepresentativesauthorizedtheJudiciaryCommitteetoconsiderimpeachmentproceedingsagainstNixon.Nixon’slastdaysinofficecameinlateJulyandearlyAugust,1974.TheHouseJudiciaryCommitteevotedtoacceptthreeoffourproposedArticlesofImpeachmentofthePresident.BR_BackgroundInformation3ThefinalblowcamewiththedecisionbytheSupremeCourttoorderNixontoreleasemoreWhiteHousetapes.Aroundthecountry,therewerecallsforNixontoresign.At9pmontheeveningofAugust8,1974,Nixondeliveredanationallytelevisedresignationspeech.Thenextmorning,hemadehisfinalremarkstotheWhiteHousestaffbeforesendinghisresignationlettertotheSecretaryofState,Dr.HenryKissinger.TheWatergatebroughtdownRichardNixon,andhadprofoundconsequencesintheUnitedStates.BR_BackgroundInformation4GR_BackgroundInformation5Nixondiedin1994andwaseulogizedbythepoliticalestablishment,althoughhewasstillafigureofcontroversy.GR_BackgroundInformation6DeepThroat—thefollow-upoftheWatergateScandalFormorethan30years,WashingtonPostreportersBobWoodwardandCarlBernsteinpreservedanextraordinarysecret:theidentityofthesourceknownasDeepThroat,whohelpedinformthestoriesThePostpublishedin1972and1973exposingwhatbecameknownastheWatergateScandal.TheykeptthesecretdespiteextraordinarypressureonThePostfromtheWhiteHouse,includingchargesthatDeepThroatwasaninvention;throughthehearingsandimpeachmentproceedingsthatledtoPresidentRichardM.Nixon’sresignationinAugust1974;anddespiteendlessspeculationaboutthesource’sidentityintheyearsafterward.Mr.Woodward,nowaPosteditor,andMr.Bernstein,whonolongerworkshere,saidthattheyhadmadeacommitmentnottorevealDeepThroat’sidentityuntilafterhisdeath.W.MarkFelt,formerdeputydirectoroftheFBI,confirmedthathewasDeepThroat.Herevealedhisroleinpartbecauseofhisfamily’sbeliefthathedeservestobehonoredforhisactionswhileheisalive.GR_BackgroundInformation7GR_BackgroundInformation8Mr.Felt,now91,wasadedicatedservantoftheFBI,andnosoftie:HewasoutragedthattheNixonWhiteHousebrazenlyinterferedwiththeFBI’sinvestigationoftheburglaryofDemocraticPartyheadquartersinJune1972andbywhathesawasMr.Nixon’sattempttogaincontrolovertheFBIforpoliticalpurposes.Riskingdismissalorprosecution,hebeganmeetingwithMr.WoodwardsecretlytoconfirmThe

Post’sreportingaboutthefundingoftheoperationandaboutotherillegalactsbythepresident’stopaides.GR_BackgroundInformation9DeepThroatwascrucialtothepaper’sreportingofWatergate.HadMr.Feltremainedquiet,Mr.NixonmighthavesucceededinoneofthemostseriousabusesofpowereverattemptedbyanAmericanpresident.It’sworthrememberingthatthislandmarkvictoryfortheruleoflawalsodependedonthesecretpatriotismofasourcenamedDeepThroat—thatis,MarkFelt.It’snicetobeabletohonorhimbyhisrealnamewhilehestilllives.ZhousaidtoNixon:“Youareextendingyourhandacrossthevastestoceanoftheworldforahandshakewithme.Therehasbeennoexchangebetweenourtwonationsfor25years.”Nixonsaid:“ThisisahandshakebytheChineseandUSleadersacrossanoceanandaconfrontationof20-oddyears,signalingtheopeningofanewchapterintheSino-USrelationship.”GR_BackgroundInformation10RichardNixon’sChinaTour

OnFebruary21,1972,AmericanPresidentRichardNixon’sspecialplanearrivedattheBeijingCapitalAirport,greetedbyChinesePremierZhouEnlai.“seriousandfrank”todescribethetalksbetweenMaoandNixon.ThetwosidesputforwardtheircommongroundsaswellasdifferencesintheShanghaiCommunique,anunprecedentedpracticeinworlddiplomacy.PresidentRichardNixon’sice-breakingChinatourshooktheworld.GR_BackgroundInformation11OnthedaywhenNixonarrivedinBeijing,ChairmanMaoZedongmethimandtheytalkedformorethananhour.TheChineseandUSsidesagreedtouseBR_BackgroundInformation12BR_BackgroundInformation13BR_BackgroundInformation14BR_BackgroundInformation15BR_Warm-upQuestionsWarm-upQuestionsHaveyoueverhadthefeelingthatyouwerecompelledtotelllies,thoughyoudidnotwantto?Ifyes,underwhatconditionsareyouinclinedtolie?Howdoyoufeelafteryoutellsuchlies?Somepeoplesaythatwhiteliesarenotlies.Whatisyourpositiononthisissue?Doyouconsiderwhiteliesnecessaryinsociallife?1.2.3.BR_Discussion1DiscussionSupposeyouareintrouble.Whenyourparentscallyouandaskhowyouare,willyoutellthemaliebysayingthatyouarefineortellthemthetruth?Discussinpairsoringroups.1.Tips:BR_Discussion2Itwasreportedthatasongaveoneofhiskidneystohismotherwhohadtoreceivekidneytransplantationtosurvive,buthetoldherawhiteliethatthetransplantedkidneywasanotherperson’sordonator’s.Hesaidthathewouldnottellherthetruthuntilthelastminuteofherlife.Discussingroupsonthetopicwhetherheisagreatsonbecauseofhisconduct.2.BR_Discussion3ItellliestomyparentsinsuchcasesbecauseIdonotwantthemtoworryaboutme.WhenIamintrouble,Itrytodealwithitmyself.Itisnousetellingthemthetruth.IfItellthemthatIamill,ordepressed,orsomething,theywillbeuneasy.Theymayevencometotheschooltoseeme,whichwillinfluencetheirwork.Tellingawhiteliebysaying“Iamfine,terrific,orexcellent”willmakethemfeelatease,andmakememorematuretohandlemyownproblems.Afterall,Iamanadultnow.A:Iwillnottellsuchwhitelies.IfIamintroubleorill,Iwilltellmyparentsthetruth,butinthemeanwhile,Iwilltellthemnottoworryaboutme.Nomatterwhatthetroubleis,Imyselfcancopewithit,becauseIhavetheabilitytodoso.Tellingthemthetruthandassuringthemofyourabilitytosolveyourownproblemsismuchbetterthantellingtheso-calledwhitelies.Thewhiteliesmaybringnoharmtoyourparents,buttheydoagreatharmtoyourself.Youmayformthehabitoftellingnotonlythewhiteliesbutalsoreallies.Inaword,whitelieserodeyourhonesty.B:BR_Discussion4BR_Topic-relatedPredictionBR_Crosby,StillsandNash1Topic-relatedPredictionFromthetitle“TheTruthaboutLying”,whatcanyouinferthe“truth”mightbe?Whatmightbetheauthor’sattitudetowards“whitelies”?(positiveornegative)1.2.GR_mainPartDivisionoftheTextFurtherUnderstandingTextAnalysisGR_FurtherUnderstandingFurtherUnderstandingForPart2TableCompletionForPart3TrueorFalseForPart1QuestionsandAnswersGR_PartDivisionoftheText1PartPara(s).MainIdeas1122~36Thereasonwhythewriterfindsitdifficulttowriteonthesubjectoflyingandhowsheisgoingtodealwiththedifficultyincomposingtheessay.Thewriterdiscussesfourtypesofliesandtellsuswhatshethinksaboutthemrespectively.GR_PartDivisionoftheText1PartPara(s).MainIdeas337~42Howtheauthorfeelsweshouldcopewiththequestionofwhetherornottolie.Thelasttwosentencesbutoneofthefirstparagraph:I’dliketopresentaseriesofmoralpuzzles,allconcernedwithlying.I’lltellyouwhatIthinkaboutthem.GR_QuestionsandAnswers

1QuestionsandAnswers1.Howdoestheauthorbeginthepassage?Hebeginsthepassagebytellingthereadershisfeelingsaboutthesubjectoflying:hefoundthetopicinteresting,challenging,difficult,thought-provoking,andpuzzling.

2.Whichsentenceinthefirstpartofthetexttellsustheauthor’spurposeofhiswritingthispassage?GR_TableCompletion1TableCompletionDirections:Inthispart,theauthorlistedfourtypesoflies,andrespectively,gavetheirdefinitions,theviewsofthemajority,herownviewpoints,counter-arguments,andexamples.Scanthispartandfillthefollowingtable.GR_TableCompletion21.SocialliesDefinitionLiesthatavoidembarrassmentorpaininsocialinteraction.TheviewofthemajorityAcceptableandnecessary.

My(Theauthor’s)viewpointIbasicallyagreewiththemajority.Counter-argumentsFalse,morallywrong;theydestroyscredibility.GR_TableCompletion3ExamplesCommentsonuglyhairdo,hideouspresents,homelykids,warmed-overcoffee.GR_TableCompletion42.Peace-keepingliesDefinitionLiesthataredesignedtoavoidirritationorargument.TheviewofthemajorityManypeopletellsuchliestoavoidtroubleswithouthurtinganyone.Theyconsidersuchlieswise.My(Theauthor’s)viewpointI

tellsuchliesthoughfeelingguilty.GR_TableCompletion5ExamplesTheexchangebetweenDaveandElaine;Laura’spointofview.Counter-argumentsPeoplewhotellsuchliesarecowards,dodgingtheirresponsibilities.GR_TableCompletion63.ProtectiveliesDefinitionLiesthataresupposedtobeintheinterestsofthepersonwearelyingto.TheviewofthemajorityItisjustifiableandmorevaluabletotellsuchlies.My(Theauthor’s)viewpointSuchliessometimesmustbetold.GR_TableCompletion7ExamplesLyingtothedyingabouttheirhealthstate,toone’schildrenonmaritalmatters,etc.Counter-argumentsIt’swrongtotellsuchlies.Theliesbreaktrust.GR_TableCompletion84.Trust-keepingliesDefinitionLiesthataretoldtokeepatrust.TheviewofthemajorityTheymustlietokeeptheirpromises.My(Theauthor’s)viewpointSomeliesarenecessaryandacceptable,whileothersarenot.Counter-argumentsTellingsuchliescanbepainful.Peopledonotwanttobetoldthetruth/fact.GR_TableCompletion9ExamplesFran’sattitude;Watergate.

GR_TrueorFalse

1TrueorFalse

Directions:Inthisparttheauthorputforthhisgeneralattitudeabouttellinglies.Scanthispartanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.GR_TrueorFalse21. Allofusarebornwiththetalentfortellinglies.FTherearethosewhohavenotalentforlying.(

)2. Theauthor’sfriend(Para.38)feltthathe/shehadtotellthetruthbecauseheseldomsucceededinlyingandfeltguiltyaboutlying.

T(

)3. Itisimpliedintheremarkoftheauthor’sfriend(Para.39)thatlyingshouldneverbeourfirstchoice.T(

)GR_TrueorFalse34. Theexplanationtheauthor’sfriendmadeabouthis/hertellingliessuggeststhatallliesarejustifiableandthereforeacceptable.FTheauthor’sfriendsaidthathehimselfdidnotacceptthelieshetoldeventhoughothersmightacceptthemcompletely.(

)5. Intheauthor’sopinion,thosewhotellliesshouldnottakelyingforgranted.

T(

)GR_TextAnalysis1

TextAnalysis

Directions:Inthistexttheauthorusestherhetoricaldevice:parallelism.Parallelismistheuseofidenticalorequivalentsyntacticconstructionsincorrespondingclauses.Parallelismmakesatextcoherentandthelanguageforcefulandimpressive.Forexample,“Whataboutyou?”Scanthetextandfindothersentences(orstructures)thatareparalleled.GR_TextAnalysis2“Willyousaytopeople,…“Willyoupraise…”“Willyoudecline…”“Doyou,…”“Theymaylieto…”“Doyoubelieve…”Beforeyoureadthisessay,takeafewmomentstoconsidervariousliesyouhavetold:Underwhatconditionsareyoutemptedtolie?Whenhaveyouactuallylied?Whydidyoudoso?Canyougeneralizeaboutthetypesofliesyouhabituallytell?Areyouirritatedwhenpeoplelietoyou?Inwhatcircumstancesmightlyingbeacceptable?Onceyoubegintothinkaboutit,itseemsthatthetruthaboutlyingisnotquiteasstraightforwardasonemightsuppose.DR_Text0I’vebeenwantingtowriteonasubjectthatintriguesandchallengesme:thesubjectoflying.I’vefounditverydifficulttodo.EveryoneI’vetalkedtohasaquiteintenseandpersonalbutoftenratherintolerantpointofviewaboutwhatwecan—andcannevernever—tellliesabout.I’vefinallyreachedtheconclusionthatIcan’tpresentanyultimateconclusions,fortoomanypeoplewouldpromptlydisagree.Instead,I’dliketopresentaseriesofmoralpuzzles,allconcernedwithlying.I’lltellyouwhatIthinkaboutthem.Doyouagree?DR_Text1TheTruthaboutLyingJudithViorst1DR_Text2

SocialLies

MostofthepeopleI’vetalkedwithsaythattheyfindsociallyingacceptableandnecessary.Theythinkit’sthecivilizedwayforfolkstobehave.Withouttheselittlewhitelies,theysay,ourrelationshipswouldbeshortandbrutishandnasty.It’sarrogant,theysay,toinsistonbeingsoincorruptibleandsobravethatyoucauseotherpeopleunnecessaryembarrassmentorpainbycompulsivelyassailingthemwithyourhonesty.Ibasicallyagree.Whataboutyou?2DR_Text3Willyousaytopeople,whenitsimplyisn’ttrue,“Ilikeyournewhairdo,”“You’relookingmuchbetter,”“it’ssonicetoseeyou,”“Ihadawonderfultime”?Willyoupraisehideouspresentsandhomelykids?Willyoudeclineinvitationswith“We’rebusythatnight—sosorrywecan’tcome,”whenthetruthisyou’dratherstayhomethandinewiththeso-and-sos?345DR_Text4Andeventhough,asIdo,youmaypreferthepoliteevasionof“Youreallycookedupastorm”insteadof“Thesoup”—whichtasteslikewarmed-overcoffee—“iswonderful,”willyou,ifyoumust,proclaimitwonderful?There’sonemanIknowwhoabsolutelyrefusestotellsociallies.“Ican’tplaythatgame,”hesays;“I’msimplynotmadethatway.”

Andhisanswertotheargumentthatsayingnicethingstosomeonedoesn’tcostanythingis,“Yes,itdoes—itdestroysyourcredibility.”

Now,hewon’t,unsolicited,offerhisviewsonthepaintingyoujustbought,butyoudon’taskhisfrankopinionunlessyouwantfrank,andhissilenceatthosemomentswhentherestofusliarsaremuttering,“Isn’titlovely?”is,forthemostpart,eloquentenough.67Peace-KeepingLies

Manypeopletellpeace-keepinglies:liesdesignedtoavoidirritationorargument,liesdesignedtosheltertheliarfrompossibleblameorpain;lies(orsoitisrationalized)designedtokeeptroubleatbaywithouthurtinganyone.DR_Text5Myfrienddoesnotindulgeinwhathecalls“flattery,falsepraiseandmellifluouscomments.”Whenotherstellfibshewillnotgoalong.Hesaysthatsociallyingislying,thatlittlewhiteliesarestilllies.Andhefeelsthattellingliesismorallywrong.Whataboutyou?8Itelltheseliesattimes,andyetIalwaysfeelthey’rewrong.Iunderstandwhywetellthem,butstilltheyfeelwrong.AndwheneverIliesothatsomeonewon’tdisapproveofmeorthinklessofmeorholleratme,IfeelI’mabitofacoward,IfeelI’mdodgingresponsibility,Ifeel…guilty.Whataboutyou?Doyou,whenyou’relateforadatebecauseyouoverslept,saythatyou’relatebecauseyougotcaughtinatrafficjam?Doyou,whenyouforgettocallafriend,saythatyoucalledseveraltimesbutthelinewasbusy?Doyou,whenyoudidn’trememberthatitwasyourfather’sbirthday,saythathispresentmustbedelayedinthemail?DR_Text69101112ifyoumust—thefactthatyou’llbeinNewYork?Ordoyouhavethecourage—orisitthecruelty?—tosay,“I’llbeinNewYork,butsorry—Idon’tplanonseeingyou”?(DaveandhiswifeElainehavetwoquitedifferentpointsofviewonthisverysubject.Hecallsheracoward.Shesaysshe’sbeingwise.HesaysshemustassertherrighttovisitNewYorksometimesandnotseehermother.Towhichshealwayspatientlyreplies:“Whyshouldwehaveuselessfights?Mymother’stoooldtochange.WegetalongmuchbetterwhenIlietoher.”)DR_Text7

Andwhenyou’replanningaweekendinNewYorkCityandyou’renotinthemoodtovisityourmother,wholivesthere,doyouconceal—withalie,

1314Finally,doyoukeepthepeacebytellingyourhusbandliesonthesubjectofmoney?Doyoureducewhatyoureallypaidforyourshoes?Andingeneraldoyoufindyourselfready,willingandabletolietohimwhenyoumakeabsurdmistakesorloseorbreakthings?“Iusedtohavearomanticideathatpartofintimacywasconfessingeverydumbthingthatyoudidtoyourhusband.Butafteracoupleofyearsofthat,”saysLaura,“haveIchangedmymind!” Andhavingchangedhermind,shefindsherselftellingpeace-keepinglies.Andyes,Itellthemtoo.Whataboutyou?DR_Text8151617DR_Text9

ProtectiveLiesProtectiveliesareliesfolkstell—oftenquiteseriouslies—becausethey’reconvincedthatthetruthwouldbetoodamaging.Theyliebecausetheyfeeltherearecertainhumanvaluesthatsupersedethewrongofhavinglied.Theylie,notforpersonalgain,butbecausetheybelieveit’sforthegoodofthepersonthey’relyingto.Theylietothosetheylove,tothosewhotrustthemmostofall,onthegroundsthatbreakingthistrustisjustified.18DR_Text10Theymaylietotheirclosestfriendbecausethetruthabouthertalentsorsonorpsychewouldbe—orsotheyinsist—utterlydevastating.Isometimestellsuchlies,butI’mawarethatit’squitepresumptuoustoclaimIknowwhat’sbestforotherstoknow.That’scalledplayingGod.That’scalledmanipulationandcontrol.Andwenevercanbesure,oncewestarttojugglelies,justwherethey’llland,exactlywherethey’llroll.Theymaylietotheirchildrenonmoneyormaritalmatters.Theymaylietothedyingaboutthestateoftheirhealth.19202122

Andfurthermore,wemayfindourselveslyinginordertobackuptheliesthatarebackingupthelieweinitiallytold.Andfurthermore—let’sbehonest—ifconditionswerereversed,wecertainlywouldn’twantanyonelyingtous.Yet,havingsaidallthat,Istillbelievethattherearetimeswhenprotectiveliesmustnonethelessbetold.Whataboutyou?DR_Text11232425

Trust-KeepingLiesAnothergroupofliesaretrust-keepinglies,liesthatinvolvetriangulation,withA(that’syou)tellingliestoBonbehalfofC(whosetrustyou’dpromisedtokeep).Mostpeopleconcedethatonceyou’veagreednottobetrayafriend’sconfidence,youcan’tbetrayit,evenifyoumustlie.ButI’vetalkedwithpeoplewhodon’twantyoutellingthemanythingthattheymightbecalledontolieabout.“Idon’ttellliesformyself,”saysFran,“andIdon’twanttohavetotellthemforotherpeople.”Whichmeans,sheagrees,thatifherbestfriendishavinganaffair,sheabsolutelydoesn’twanttoknowaboutit.DR_Text122627“Areyousaying,”herbestfriendasks,“thatyou’dbetrayme?”Franisverypainedbutveryadamant.“Iwouldn’twanttobetrayyou,so…don’ttellmeanythingaboutit.”Fran’sbestfriendisshocked.Whataboutyou?Doyoubelieveyoucanhaveclosefriendsifyou’renotpreparedtoreceivetheirdeepestsecrets?Doyoubelieveyoumustalwayslieforyourfriends?Doyoubelieve,ifyourfriendtellsasecretthatturnsouttobequiteimmoralorillegal,thatonceyou’vepromisedtokeepit,youmustkeepit?DR_Text13282930313233Andwhatifyourfriendwereyourboss—ifyouwereperhapsoneofthePresident’smen—wouldyoubetrayorlieforhimover,say,Watergate?Asyoucansee,theseissuesgetterriblysticky.It’smybeliefthatoncewe’vepromisedtokeepatrust,wemusttellliestokeepit.Ialsobelievethatwecan’ttellWatergatelies.Andifthesetwostatementsstrikeyouasquitecontradictory,you’reright—they’requitecontradictory.Butfornowthey’rethebestIcando.Whataboutyou?DR_Text14343536Therearethosewhohavenotalentforlying.“Overtheyears,Itriedtolie,”afriendofmineexplained,“butIalwaysgotfoundoutandIalwaysgotpunished.IguessIgavemyselfawaybecauseIfeelguiltyaboutanykindoflying.ItlooksasifI’mstuckwithtellingthetruth.”

Forthoseofus,however,whoaregoodattellinglies,forthoseofuswholieanddon’tgetcaught,thequestionofwhetherornottoliecanbeahardandseriousmoralproblem.Ilikedtheremarkofafriendofminewhosaid,“I’mwillingtolie.Butjustasalastresort—thetruth’salwaysbetter.” DR_Text15373839“Because,”heexplained,“thoughothersmaycompletelyacceptthelieI’mtelling,Idon’t.”Itendtofeelthatwaytoo.Whataboutyou?DR_Text16404142DR_Sentence2_EveryoneI’vetalkedto…Whyisthesecond“never”inthesentenceitalicized?Thesecond“never”isitalicizedforemphasis.EveryoneI’vetalkedtohasaquiteintenseandpersonalbutoftenratherintolerantpointofviewaboutwhatwecan—andcannevernever—tellliesabout.Paraphrasethesentence.Astowhatwecantellliesaboutandwhatwecannevertellliesabout,allthepeopleIhavetalkedwithhavetheirownstrongviewpointsandcannottoleratethosewhoholddifferentviewsfromthem.DR_Sentence1_EveryoneI’vetalkedto…TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.所有我交谈过的人都对什么事情可以说谎——什么事情绝对不可以说谎——持有强烈的、常常不容别人分说的个人意见。DR_Sentence3_It’sarrogantWhatdoes“it”refertohere?it是形式主语，实际主语是toinsiston…withyourhonesty。It’sarrogant,theysay,toinsistonbeingsoincorruptibleandsobravethatyoucauseotherpeopleunnecessaryembarrassmentorpainbycompulsivelyassailingthemwithyourhonesty.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.他们说，如果你要做到十二分正直、十二分无畏，不由自主地用你的诚实使他们陷入不必要的窘境或痛苦之中，这只能说你是傲慢？DR_Sentence4_Youreallycookedupa

Whatdoes“upastorm”mean?Withgreatenthusiasmandenergy.“Youreallycookedupastorm”Paraphrasethesentence.Youhavepreparedalargeandimpressivemeal.DR_Sentence5_Ican’tplaythatgame…Whatdoes“playthegame”mean?“Playthegame”means“tellingsocialwhitelies”.“Ican’tplaythatgame,”hesays;“I’msimplynotmadethatway.”Whatdoes“bemadethatway”mean?“Bemadethatway”means“havetheinbornqualityoftellingsuchlies”.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.“我不会那一套，”他说，“我生来就不会那一套。”DR_Sentence6_Andhisanswerto…Whatdoes“it”referto?“It”refersto“sayingnicethings.”Andhisanswertotheargumentthatsayingnicethingstosomeonedoesn’tcostanythingis,“Yes,itdoes—itdestroysyourcredibility.”TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.讲到对人家说几句好听的话并不失去什么，他的回答是：“不对，当然有损失——那会损害你的诚信度。”Now,hewon’t,unsolicited,offerhisviewsonthepaintingyoujustbought,butyoudon’taskhisfrankopinionunlessyouwantfrank,andhissilenceatthosemomentswhentherestofusliarsaremuttering,“Isn’titlovely?”is,forthemostpart,eloquentenough.Paraphrasethesentence.Ifyoudonotaskhimtocommentonthepaintingyoujustbought,hewon’tgivehisopinions;