Unit+4+Extended+reading 高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选修第一册

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scienceExtendedreadingLead-in1.Whatexamplesofbionicscanyouthinkof?Lead-in1.Whatexamplesofbionicscanyouthinkof?2.Whatisyourunderstandingofthetitle?Nature’sformsandfunctionshaveinspiredustoimitateitanddevelopmaterialsandtechnologiesthatimproveourlives.Section1(Para.1)Bionicsisascienceinspiredbynaturewithalonghistory.Scientistsgenerallygothroughvariousstagestoapplyitsuccessfully.Scientistshavecomeupwithmanynovelapplicationsinspiredbynatureandtheywilldevelopmoreinthefuture.Thefieldofbionicshasenabledustorealizetheimportanceofnature.Section2(Para.2)Section3(Paras.3–5)Section4(Para.6)ReadingReadParagraphs1–2andanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whatisthedefinitionofbionics?2.Whendoestheterm“bionics”datefrom?3.Whydoscientistsoftenneedtogotogreatlengthstoeffectivelycombinenatureandinnovation?Bionicsisascienceoftakinginspirationfromnature,whicheffectivelycombinesnatureandinnovationtoimproveourlives.Itofficiallydatesbackto1958,butthepracticeiscenturiesold,datingbackasfaras2,500years.Becausetheprocessofthestudyinvolvesfourstages,whichmayhavetobeperformedseveraltimesanditmaytakescientistsyearsoftrialanderrortoperfecttheproduct.Reading

ReadParagraphs3–5andcompletethenotesbelow.ReadingApplicationsofbionics◆PresentapplicationsTakinginspirationfromplantsOneideagrewfromobserving(1)___________________________.Theseedsgrowatthe“goldenangle”of137.5°,ensuringallofthemreceivesunlight.(2)________________________,thesunflower’sfacealsofollowsthesun’spath.Solarmirrorsarearrangedto(3)______________________andpositionedatthesame“goldenangle”.Themirrorsarealsoprogrammedtofollowthesun.Thesolarpowerplantiseco-friendly,requiringlesslandtobuildonandlessenergytooperate.thesunflower’sspiralseedpatternTocapturemaximumsunlightcopythespiralseedpatternTakinginspirationfromanimalsThebrilliantbluewingsofabutterflyspeciesarecoveredwithtinydiamond-shapedstructuresthatinteractwithlight,(4)__________________________tobecancelledoutwhileintensifyingandreflectingothers.Scientistshaverecreatedthesemicrostructuresthatcan(5)___________________________________andproduceauniquevisualeffectalmostimpossibletocopy.Scientistshavedevelopedpaintswithoutusingharmfulsubstances,which(6)________________________________________.beinsetintoReadingcausingsomecolourwavelengths

legaldocumentsandbanknotesnotonlylastlongerbutarealsomoreeco-friendlyReading◆FutureapplicationsInspiredbytheincrediblystrongexoskeletonofinsects,scientistsandengineersarenow(7)__________________.Theseexoskeletonscan(8)_______________________________andload-bearingcapabilitiesofthewearer.Areal-lifeIronMancouldbewaitingforusinthefuture.buildingroboticsuitsgreatlyimprovethemobility,strength

sunflowerssolarmirrorsimitateeco-friendly,requiringlesslandtobuildandlessenergytooperateExample(Paragraph3)Reading

butterflyimitatepaintsReadingwithoutharmfulsubstancelastlongermoreeco-friendlyExample(Paragraph4)proves____________________provides___________________________

ReadParagraph6andcompletethemindmap.HumanNaturelearnfromlookforanswers

ourliveswithascenicbackdroptobeourgreatestteacherWhatistherelationbetweenhumanandnature?Reading

Writeasummaryofthesciencemagazinearticle.ReadingBionicsisascienceoftakinginspirationfromnature,whicheffectivelycombinesnatureandinnovationtoimproveourlives.Overbillionsofyears,humanshavebeeninspiredtoimitatenature’sformsandfunctionsowingtoourcuriosity.Thoughtheprocessisnotsosimple,scientistshavesucceededinstudyingandtakingadvantageofnaturetodevelopmaterialsandtechnologies.Itiscertainthatourfuturewillseemanymorefascinatingpartnershipsbetweenthenaturalworldandthetechnologicalonebecauseofadvancementsinbionics.Therefore,naturenotonlyprovidesourliveswithascenicbackdrop,itcouldalsoprovetobeourgreatestteacher.

AppreciatingReadthefirstparagraphandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“Humansarecuriousbynature,andaboutnature”?2.WhyisLuBan,acarpenterinancientChina,mentionedinthisparagraph?Theauthorintendstointroducethetopicofbionics.Also,shewantstoremindthereaderthattheprogresshumanshavemadeisinseparablefromourcuriosityaboutthenaturalworld.Itisinhumans’naturetobecurious.BecausetheauthornotonlywantstoexplainthatactuallybionicshasalonghistorybutalsowantstotellthereaderthatChinahasmadegreatachievementsinbionicssinceancienttimessoastoenhanceoursenseofnationalpride.

ReadthelastParagraphandanswerthefollowingquestion.Howdoyouunderstandthesentence“Asweworkhardtomakelifebetterforeveryone,itispossiblethatnaturehastheanswerstoourmosturgentquestions,andallwehavetodoislookforthem.”?Thissentenceisusedtoechothelastsentenceinthefirstparagraph.Also,itwantstotellusthatnatureissogreatthatwehumansshouldnotonlylearnmorefromit,butalsorespectitandliveinharmonywithit.Appreciating

Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbionics?2.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthisarticle?Theauthorthinksbionicscanbenefitmankindandimprovepeople’slives.Theauthorwantstostimulatethereader’sinterestinbionics,cultivatetheirspiritofscientificexplorationandappealtothemtolearnmorefro