知识点-must-have-done-表推测课件

知识点——

musthavedone表推测知识点——

mustmusthavedone表推测【一、强调句型的用法】情态动词+动词完成时，即情态动词+have+done.表示对过去的行为或动作进行推测，评论或者判断。musthavedone表推测【一、强调句型的用法】musthavedone表推测【一、musthavedone.】表示对过去某事的肯定猜测，其否定或疑问形式都用can/could来表示。例如：Sincetheroadiswet,itmusthaverainedlastnight.当然对现在发生或者将来发生的事情，要用mustdo表示猜测，否定为can’tdo。Hemustunderstandthatwemeanbusiness.Youmustbehungryafteralongwalk.musthavedone表推测【一、musthavmusthavedone表推测【一、musthavedone.】反意疑问句中含有must的情况主要有以下几种：1）作为情态动词表“必须”，这时反意疑问句直接用mustn’t/needn’t。2）当must表示推测时又分以下几种情况：a：对现在事实的推测，反意疑问句与must后面的动词呼应。如:Youmustbejoking,aren’tyou?musthavedone表推测【一、musthavmusthavedone表推测【一、musthavedone.】b:对过去事实的推测，表示动作的时候用did当助动词，表示状态时用was，如：MrGreenmusthavebeenpunishedforhisbeingrudeatthemeeting,didn’the?（格林先生一定因为昨天在会上鲁莽的行为被处罚了，是吗？）被处罚表示一个动作。Shemusthavebeenapoliceman,wasn’tshe?（她过去一定是个警察，是吗？）是警察表示一种状态。musthavedone表推测【一、musthavmusthavedone表推测【一、musthavedone.】对现在情况的推测，问句部分用主动词（do,be)一般现在时的适当形式。若是现在进行时，问句部分用现在进行时的适当形式表示。若是therebe结构，问句用isn’t/aren’tthere。如：1)Hemustbethere,isn’the?2)Hemusthaveabigfamily,doesn’the?3)Hemustbewaitingoutside,isn’the?4)Theremustbesomestudentsintheroom,aren’tthere?musthavedone表推测【一、musthavmusthavedone表推测【一、musthavedone.】对已发生的过去情况的推测，若陈述句谓语部分有“musthavedone”，而且有表示过去的时间状语，问句部分用didn’t；若没有表示过去的时间状语，问句部分用haven’t或hasn’t。如：1)Theymusthavegonetherelastnight,didn’tthey?2)Theymusthavearrivedbynow,haven’tthey?（根据bynow来判断）3)TheymusthavebeentotheGreatWall,haven’tthey?musthavedone表推测【一、musthavmusthavedone表推测【一、musthavedone.】若是被动，应按被动结构来处理。如：1)Theroommusthavebeencleanedyesterday,wasn’tit?2)Theroommusthavebeencleaned,hasn’tit?musthavedone表推测【一、musthavmusthavedone表推测【一、musthavedone.】若句中有表示过去完成时的时间状语，问句部分应用hadn’t.如:Theymusthavelearnt5000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm,hadn’tthey?(本题中must表推测，如果将它去掉，还原为真实句就是Theyhadlearnt5000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.因此，反意问句是hadn’tmusthavedone表推测【一、musthavmusthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+havedone”结构用法小结】1.（1）“can/could+havedone”的疑问形式和否定形式表示对过去所发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。如：a.IsawMr.Zhangjustnowandhecouldn’thavegonetoBeijing.b.Shecan’thavereadabouttheexplosion.Shedidn’tknowanythingaboutit.musthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+hamusthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+havedone”结构用法小结】(2)“could+havedone”也可用于肯定句，表示“可能已经……”的意思。此外，还可表示过去没有实现的可能性，意为“本来可以（可能）……”。如：a.Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyoudidn’ttryyourbest.b.-IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.-Oh,didyou?YoucouldhavestayedwithBarbara.musthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+hamusthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+havedone”结构用法小结】2“must+havedone”只用于肯定句中，表示对过去情况的肯定推测，意为“想必，准是，一定”。如：a.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadisquitemuddy.b.Youmusthavegonetobedlatelastnight.Youreyesarered.musthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+hamusthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+havedone”结构用法小结】3“may/might+havedone”一般只用于肯定句或否定句，不用于疑问句，表示对过去情况不肯定的推测，意为“也许已经……”。“might+havedone”还可以用来表示“本来可能……”，但实际上没有发生的事。如：a.It’stoolate.Ithinkhemayhavegonetobed.b.Theymightnothaveconsideredmeastheirfriend.c.youmighthavetoldmeaboutyourillness.musthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+hamusthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+havedone”结构用法小结】4“need+havedone”通常用于否定句或疑问句中，表示不必做得事情却做了。如：a.Youneedn’thavetoldherthenews,forIhadtoldherearlier.b.Therewasplentyoftime;sheneedn’thavehurried.musthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+hamusthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+havedone”结构用法小结】5“should/oughtto+havedone”表示“本该做某事而没做”“shouldn’t/oughtnotto+havedone”表示“本不该做的事情却做了”。如：A.Youfailedagain.Youshouldhavedoneitmuchbetter.B.Youshouldnotclimbedthathill.Youmighthavekilledyourself.musthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+hamusthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+havedone”结构用法小结】6“wouldrather+havedone”意为“当时宁愿做了某事”。“wouldrathernothavedone”表示相反的含义，两者都有“后悔”之意。如：a.Iraisedobjectionsatthemeeting,butnowIwouldrathernothavedonethat.b.Iwouldratherhaverefusedhisoffer.musthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+hamusthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+havedone”结构用法小结】7“hadbetter+havedone”用于事后的建议，含有轻微责备的口吻，意为“当时最好做了某事”。其否定形式“hadbetternothavedone”表示相反的含义。如：a.You’dbetterhavestartedearlier.b.You’dbetternothavescoldedher.musthavedone表推测【二、“情态动词+hamusthavedone表推测【练习】1.—Shelooksveryhappy.She______havepassedtheexam.—Iguessso.It’snotdifficultafterall.A.shouldB.couldC.mustD.might【答案】C【解析】句意为：她看上去很高兴，一定是通过了考试。musthavedone表推测【练习】1.—Shemusthavedone表推测【练习】2.Whatapity!Consideringhisabilityandexperience,he________better.A.needhavedoneB.musthavedoneC.canhavedoneD.mighthavedone【答案】B【解析】真是可惜！考虑到他的能力和经验，他本来可以做得更好的。musthavedone表推测【练习】2.Whatmusthavedone表推测【练习】3.Jean____havekepthispromise.Iwonderwhyhechangedhisidea.A.must B.should C.need D.would【答案】B【解析】“shouldhave+过去分词”表示“过去本来应该(但没能)做某事”；keepone’spromise意为“信守诺言”。musthavedone表推测【练习】3.Jeanmusthavedone表推测【练习】4.Shed