初中现在完成时课件

GrammarGrammar1Whatdoyoulikedoing?Whendidyoustartit?Doyou…itnow?Doyoulikeswimming?Whendidyoustart?Doyouswimnow?Howlonghaveyouswum?Whatdoyoulikedoing?Doyou2结构

肯定式:

主语+have/has+过去分词

(规则变化+ed)(见不规则动词表)

否定式:

主语+haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词

…

疑问句:

Have/Has+主语+过去分词

+…?

结构3havereceivegetseeliveteachlearnlosehad,hadreceived,receivedgot,gottensaw,seenlived,livedtaught,taughtlearnt,learntlost,losthavehad,had4givegetmakebuyhavesayknowgobegave,givengot,got/gottenmade,madebought,boughthad,hadsaid,saidknew,knownwent,gonewas/were,beengivegave,given5IhavebeentoChinathreetimes.一般疑问句2.WehavestudiedEnglishsincewewerechildren.否定句3.MrSmithhasvisitedmanycitiessincehecametoChina.划线提问HaveyoubeentoChinathreetimes?Wehaven’tstudiedEnglishsincewewerechildren.HowlonghasMrSmithvisitedmanycities?IhavebeentoChinathreetim6用法(1)现在完成时表示过去发生的动作，并对现在有影响。常与already,yet,just,recently,ever,

never,before,inthepast…years等表示不确定时间的时间状语连用。

Ihavereturnedthebookalready.

Haveyouheardfromyourfatherrecently?

Hehasn’tcomebackyet.用法(1)现在完成时表示过去发生7(2)现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。此时，句中谓语动词通常是延续性动词，且常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：thesedays,allthisyear,

recently,

for+时间段以及since+时间点等等。ZhangLan_____already_____intheschoolfortwoyears.(study)MrGreen__________inChinasincetenyearsago.(work)hasstudiedhasworked(2)现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。ha8现在完成时和一般过去时1.现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果,强调现在的情况.不能和过去的时间状语连用.yesterday,lastnight,in19992.一般过去时只表示过去的动作和状态,和现在不发生关系,它和过去的时间状语连用.Ihaveseenthefilm.我看过这部电影.(我了解这部电影的内容)Isawthefilmlastweek.我上星期看了这部电影.(只说明上星期看了这部电影,不)现在完成时和一般过去时1.现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作9I___(get)theglobeonmyfifthbirthday.Mymother__________(play)thepianoalready.She_______(play)itlastnight.I___________(have)justsupper.I_____(have)itjustnow.They__________(see)thefilmrecently.They____(say)theylikeditverymuch.He___________(look)forhisdogfortwodays.gothasplayedplayedhavehadhadhaveseensaidhaslookedI___(get)theglobeonmyfi10注意要点现在完成时不能和表“过去”的时间副词或短语连用.如:yesterday,lastyear,in1990不能与它连用.Ihaveboughtthebookyesterday.(×)注意要点现在完成时不能和表“过去”的时间副词或11(2)现在完成时动词如是短暂性动词,不能带for或since短语或从句作状语.(肯定句)Ihaveboughtthebookfortwoyears.(×)如在现在完成时中,短暂性动词与一段时间连用,应把短暂性动词改为持续性动词.Ihavehadthebikefortwoyears.=Ihavehadthebikesincetwoyearsago.=Itis

twoyears

sinceIboughtthebook.=Iboughtthebiketwoyearsago.(2)现在完成时动词如是短暂性动词,不能带for或sinc12短暂性动词持续性动词get,arrive,reachbein/at…/here/therejoinbuyclosebecomelosebegin/startbein…/beamemberofhavebeclosedbebelostbeon短暂性动词持续性动词get,arrive,reachb13receiveleave/gocomebegintostudygetuphavegotcatchacoldmakefriendshavebeawaylive/work/stay/teach…studybeuphavehaveacoldbefriends短暂性动词持续性动词receivehave短暂性动词持续性动词14短暂性动词持续性动词borrow/lendfallasleep/illgettoknowdiegetmarriedbuyfinishkeep,havebeasleep/illknowbedeadbemarriedhavebeover短暂性动词持续性动词borrow/lendkeep,h15Theyhaveboughtthebooksincetwodaysago.(×)Theyhavehadthebooksincetwodaysago.2.Tom’sfatherhasdiedfortwoyears.(×)Tom’sfatherhasbeendeadfortwoyears.3.Ihaveleftschoolfortwoyears.(×)Ihavebeenawayfromschoolfortwoyears.Theyhaveboughtthebooksinc161.Hehasborrowedthepenfortwodays.(×)Hehashadthepenfortwodays.=Hehashadthepensincetwodaysago.=Heborrowedthepentwoyearsago.=Itistwoyearssinceheborrowedthepen.(∨)1.Hehasborrowedthepenfor17(3)短暂性动词可用在不带一段时间状语的现在完成时中Ihavelostmylibrarybook.Thefilmhasbegun.(3)短暂性动词可用在不带一段时间状语的现在完成时中Ih18(3)表在过去某时发生的动作,但现已成为一种经验,汉语中常用“曾经”,“从来没有”,“过”等词.常与ever,never,once,twice,threetimes,before等连用.Ihaveneverseenhimbefore.Hehasoncetaughthere.(3)表在过去某时发生的动作,但现已成为一种经验,汉语中常19(4)在否定句中,短暂性动词可与since或for一段时间状语连用.Ihaven’tseenyouforalongtime.(4)在否定句中,短暂性动词可与since或for一段时间20（4）havebeen(to)和havegone(to)的区别：

“havebeen(to)”指“到过某地”，说话时此人很可能不在那里，已经回来、侧重指经历。

“havegone(to)”指“已经去了某地”，说话时此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在这里。

“havebeenin”,呆在某地（4）havebeen(to)和havegone(t211.IhavebeentoShanghaitwice.2.MyfatherhasgonetoShanghai.3.HehasbeeninShanghaifortwoyears.1.IhavebeentoShanghaitwi22I____totheGreatWallthreetimes.goB.havegoneC.wentD.havebeen2.Hehasworkedatthefactory____hecametothecity.sinceB.beforeC.whenD.assoonas3.TheWhites____manyplacessincetheycametoChina.havevisitedB.willvisitC.visitedD.visit4.Myteapotisempty.Who___allmytea?A.drinksB.haddrunkC.hasdrunkD.drinkDAACI____totheGreatWallthree235.------___yourbrother____anewwatch?------Notyet.A.Have,boughtB.DoesbuyC.Has,boughtD.willbuy6.Howlonghaveyou____theradio?A.boughtB.foundC.hadD.borrowedCC5.------___yourbrother____a24Itisaboutteny