2022-2023学年湖南省郴州市高二（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年湖南省郴州市高二（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）A阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Whatdoyoudowhenyouhaveafewminutestospare？Therearethousandsofpuzzlestochoosefromthatcanbeworkedonatyourconvenience.Theyallhavesomethingincommon：theytestyourskillsorknowledge.Herearefourofthemostcommon.

Wordpuzzles

Oneofthemostpopularwordpuzzles——thecrossword——hasbeenaroundfornearly110years.Crosswordscanbedonewithpaperandpenciloronline.Sometimeswordpuzzlesinvolvefindingnewwordswithinalargegroupofletters.Thistypeofwordpuzzleiscalledawordsearch.Wordpuzzlesusuallytestyourvocabulary.Knowingthelanguagethatthegameisdesignedinisrequiredforsuccess，however.

Mathpuzzles

Mathpuzzlesinvolvenumbers，wordsorobjectsandtheuseofmath.Surprisingly，theever-popularCandyCrushisclassifiedasamathpuzzle.Mathskillsarerequiredforplayerstosuccessfullymoveandmatchcoloredcandies.

Mechanicalpuzzles

Mechanicalpuzzleshavepiecesthatmustbearrangedinsomeway.Theworld'sbest-sellingpuzzle，theRubik'sCube，isamechanicalpuzzle.Asof2020，over450millionRubik'sCubeshadbeensold.Jigsawpuzzlesalsofallintothecategoryofmechanicalpuzzles.Theytypicallyinvolveputtingpiecesintherightplacetoformapicture.Jigsawpuzzleshavefromtwotoover550，000pieces——thelargestoneonrecord.

Logicpuzzles

Figuringoutthesolutiontoalogicpuzzlerequirescarefulthoughtratherthanguessing.SudokuandMineFinderareexamplesoflogicpuzzles.InMineFinderplayersmustdeterminewheretheminesarehiddeninagrid.1.Whichpuzzlescontributetowordlearning？______A.Wordpuzzles. B.Mathpuzzles.

C.Logicpuzzles. D.Mechanicalpuzzles.2.WhatdoRubik'sCubesandJigsawpuzzlesshareincommon？______A.Botharebest-sellingpuzzles.

B.Bothhavemorethan550，000pieces.

C.Bothhavepiecesthatmustbeputintherightplace.

D.Bothtestmechanicalengineeringskillsorknowledge.3.Inwhichsectionofmagazinecanyouprobablyreadthispassage？______A.Lifeskills. B.Popculture. C.Technology. D.Games.BGregoryBurns，anwell-knownartistandspeaker，hasrunamarathon，climbedbothMountKinabaluandJadeMountain，andmuchmore.Hehasgainedmanyachievementsinhislifedespitethefactthathehadpolio（小儿麻痹症）asachild.

WhenBurnswasayearold，hewasdiagnosedwithpolio，andhelosttheuseofhislegs.In1962，hisdoctorsaid，"Thebestthingforakidwithpoliowouldbetoswiminawarm-waterpool."So，arrangementsweremadefortheboytopracticeswimming.Inthewater，hefeltafreedomthathedidn'texperienceanywhereelse.In1977，BurnsdiscoveredtheParalympicGames.Hespentthenext27yearsininternationalswimmingcompetitions，someofwhichresultedinfiveworldrecords.

In1984，BurnsmovedtoTaiwanProvincewherehestudiedChineseart.From1989to1990，heworkedasateacheratStudioClassroom.Overtheyears，Burnshadmanyinterestingjobs.Butitwasn'tuntilhereturnedtoartthathetrulyfeltfulfilled.HewentbacktoschoolandcompletedaMasterofFineArts（MFA）in1999.Then，workingasafull-timeartist，Burnsuseshisarttoinspirepeopleofallages.Hehasaspecialinterestindisadvantagedchildren.Heemploysartclassesandothermethodstohelpthemtolookwithinandmakethemostoftheskillstheydohaveandnottoletthedisabilitiesstandintheirwaywhenachievingtheirgoals.

TodayBurnsisrecognizedasaworld-classathlete，amotivationalspeakerandanotableartist.Hehasalwaysaspiredtoexcellenceandencouragesotherstodothesame.Hesuggestseveryoneshould"embraceandcelebratethosethingsthatchallenge"them.4.WhichstatementistrueaboutGregoryBurnsaccordingtothetext？______A.Heisafamousclimber.

B.Heisamanofgreatachievements.

C.Helosthislegswhenhewasachild.

D.Hepracticedswimmingfor27years.5.Accordingtoparagraph3，whatmadeBurnsfeelreallyfulfilledinhislife？______A.Thathestudiedartagainandworkedasanartist.

B.ThatheworkedasateacheratStudioClassroom.

C.Thathehelpedandinspiredsomedisabledchildren.

D.ThathemovedtoTaiwanProvincetostudyChineseart.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBurns？______A.Determined. B.Ambitious. C.Intelligent. D.Creative.7.WhatcanwelearnfromGregoryBurns？______A.Aperson'sattitudedetermineshisheight.

B.Failureisjustnotenoughforyourefforts.

C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

D.Theworldwillgivewaytothosewhohavegoals.CIthappensallthetime.Yousetsomethingdownandthenforthelifeofyou，youcan'trememberwhereyouleftit.Toassistabsent-mindedpeople，ApplecameoutwithahandydevicelastyearcalledanAirTag.

Thissmallcirculartagcanbeattachedtoyourkeys，yourwalletorjustaboutanything.ThetagcanthenbetrackedusingBluetoothintheFindMyapp.Intheapp，theAirTagdisplaysitslocationonamap.IfyouhavemisplacedsomethinginyourhousewithanAirTagattached，thetag'sbuilt-inspeakerswillplayasound.Followthesoundtolocateit.YoucanalsosetupaseparationalertintheFindMyapp.Usingthat，youcanmakesureyourphoneisalwayswithyouoryoudon'tleaveyourkeysorwalletbehind.Youcantrackmultipleitems，too.

Asistrueofmanytechnologies，thisonetoo，canbeusedforgoodorevil.Itspurposeistohelpyoukeeptrackofthings——orpeople.ParentshaveputAirTagsontheirchildren'scarstotracktheirwhereabouts.However，peoplearepostingonsocialmediaaboutfindingunknownAirTagsontheircarsoramongtheirbelongings.It'sscarytoknowsomeoneistrackingyou，andyoudon'tknowwhoitis.Becauseofstorieslikethese，concernisgrowingthatAirTagsaremakinganewkindofstalkingorstealingpossible.PoliceinCanadahaveinvestigatedcasesinwhichcarthievesputAirTagsonhigh-endvehicles.Thethievesthenfoundthecarslaterandstolethem.

Appleisfightingback.IfanAirTagthatisnotregisteredtoyoustartsmovingwithyou，youwillbenotified.AnalertwillappearonyouriPhonewhenyougethome.IfyoufindaforeignAirTagamongyourbelongings，youcaneasilydisableitbytakingoutthebattery.

AirTagscanbeextremelyhelpful，butperhapstheyshouldbeusedwithcareaswell.8.WhoaretheAirtagsprobablydesignedfor？______A.Peoplewhoeasilygetlost.

B.Peoplewhotendtoforgetthings.

C.Peoplewhoareoftenabsentfromwork.

D.Peoplewhoareinterestedinhandydevices.9.What'sthemainideaofparagraph2？______A.WhypeopleuseAirtags. B.HowAirtagscanbeused.

C.TheadvantagesofAirtags. D.TheapplicationsofAirtags.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"stalking"meaninParagraph3？______A.Tracking. B.Driving. C.Robbing. D.Cheating.11.What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardsAirTags？______A.Doubtful. B.Supportive. C.Cautious. D.Indifferent.DAstemperaturessoar，electricbillsoftengothroughtheroof.That'sbecausepeopletendtoturnontheirairconditionersduringthelong，hotsummermonths.

It'sbeenpredictedthatby2050about75percentoftheworld'shomescouldhaveairconditioners.Ifthat'strue，theenergyrequiredtocoolbuildingswilldouble.Forthatreason，researcherscontinuetolookforsolutionstokeepair-conditionerusagetoaminimum.Someinnovationsarebeingusedalreadyorareintheprocessofbeingdeveloped.Certainbuildingmaterialscanfeelcoolerbecauseoftheirabilitytoabsorbheatandreleaseitslowly.Otherbuildingsusewatercoolingsystemstocoolthem.However，thesearen'ttheonlymethods.Sciencehasafewmoretricksupitssleeve.

ResearchersatPurdueUniversityhavedevelopedtheworld'swhitestpaint.Thispaintcankeepabuilding'sexteriorsurfacecoolerthanthesurroundingtemperature.Onhotdays，wallsabsorbheatandoftenbecome10to20degreesCelsiushotterthantheairaroundthem.ButwallspaintedwithPurdue'swhitepaintreflect98.1percentoftheheatandsenditbackintospace.Thiscreatesacoolingeffect.

PurdueprofessorXiulinRuanbelievesthatthesuper-whitepaintcouldhaveamorepowerfulcoolingeffectthanmanyhomeairconditioners.Researchershopetohavethepaintonthemarketinfiveto10years.

YiZhengofNortheasternUniversityhascreateda"coolingpaper".Thismaterialreflectsthesun'srayswhilepullingheatoutofabuilding'sinterior，andthepapercanberecycled.Heandhisteamdiscoveredthatthepaperhelpsbringdownaroom'stemperaturebyabout6degreesCelsius.Zhenghopesthatthecoolingpaperwillsomedaybeusedonroofsandwithinbuildingmaterials.

Nowandinthefuture，perhapssomeoftheseenergy-efficientmethodswillmakeiteasiertobeattheheat.12.Whydoestheauthormentiontheairconditionersatthebeginningofthepassage？______A.Todescribeafact. B.Tosupportanidea.

C.Toprovideexamples. D.Tointroducethetopic.13.WhatdoweknowaboutPurdue'swhitepaint？______A.Ithasbeenonthemarket.

B.Itistheworld'scoolestpaint.

C.Wallspaintedwithitreflectmostoftheheat.

D.Itcankeepthewholebuilding'ssurfacecooler.14.WhatcanweinferaccordingtoYiZheng？______A.Thesurfaceofabuildingsisbettercoveredwithpaper.

B.Buildingswillbebuiltmostlywithcoolingpapersomeday.

C.Thecoolingpaperwillbepracticalandeco-friendlybuildingmaterials.

D.Thecoolingpapercanbringdownaroom'stemperaturemorethanairconditioners.15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitle？______A.Purdue'sWhitePaint：ANewMaterialtoCoolBuildings

B.CoolBuildings：InnovativeWaystoKeepBuildingsCool

C.CoolBuildingMaterials：SolutionstoFightagainstClimateChange

D.FutureAirConditioners：NewEnergy-efficientMethodstoBeattheHeat二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Ifyou'redeterminedtorisewiththesun-orsimplycatchmoreofthemorning-knowthattransitioningtoanewschedulerequirestimeandeffort.Sleepexpertssuggestthesestrategies：

1.Seekoutasmuchnaturallightaspossible

（1）______Martinstresses.That'sbecauselightsuppressesmelatonin，ahormonethatplaysanimportantroleincircadianrhythm."Thesunisthedriverofourinternalclock，"shesays."Iwantthelightcominginandhelpingthemwakeup."

（2）______

Forsomepeople-likethosewhoneedtodrivelongdistances-thosefirstfewdaysofexhaustionfromswitchingtoanewschedulearen'tsafe.Inthatcase，Martinrecommendsgraduallyeasingintotheearly-birdlife."WhatI'llsuggesttopeopleistoshifthalfanhour，waitafewdays，shiftanotherhalfanhour，waitafewdays，andthenshiftanotherhalfanhour，"shesays."That'salittleeasierforpeopletotolerate.

3.Beconsistent—evenonweekends.

Becomingamorningpersonisaseven-day-a-weekjob.Decidewhattimeyou'regoingtowakeupeveryday，andsticktoit，withoutexception."Ifsomeonesays，'Iwanttobemoreofamorningpersonduringtheweek，butIwanttosleepinontheweekends，'（3）______"Gehrmansays.

4.Winddownintheevenings.

Aconsistentbedtimeisn'tascrucialasstickingtothesamewakeuptimeeveryday，Gehrmansays，（4）______.Mostpeopleshouldaimforatleastsevenhoursanight-soyou'llprobablyneedtoinchyourbedtimeforwardasyoutransitiontoanewschedule.

Atlast，ifyouwanttoensureyoufallasleepquickly，（5）______.A300-microgramdoseaboutthreetofourhoursbeforeyouplantogotobedwillhelpyoustarttofeelsleepy，shesays.

A.Easeingradually.

B.Donotgiveupeasily.

C.youshouldthinktwice.

D.butit'sstillimportanttomakesureyou'regettingenoughsleep.

E.that'snotgoingtowork.

F.Thesecrettobecomingamorningpersonisexposuretobrightlight.

G.Blairsuggeststryingsmallamountsofmelatonin.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Onewindyspringday，Iobservedyoungpeoplehavingfunusingthewindtoflytheirkites.Colorful（1）______ofvariousshapesandsizesfilledtheskylikebeautifulbirds.Asthestrongwindsblewagainstthekites，astringkeptthem（2）______.

（3）______blowingawaywiththewind，thekitesaroseagainstittoflyhigher.Theyshookandpulled，butthestring（4）______themfacingupwardandagainstthewind.Asthekitesstruggledandtrembledagainstthestring，theyseemedtosay，"Letmego!Letmego!Iwanttobe（5）______!".Theysoaredbeautifullyevenastheyfoughttherestrictionofthestring.Finally，oneofthekites（6）______tobreakloose."Freeatlast，"itseemedtosay."Freetoflywiththewind."

Yetfreedomfrombeing（7）______simplyputitatthemercyofanunfriendlybreeze.Itfell（8）______tothegroundandlandedinamassofweeds.

Howmuchlike（9）______wesometimesare.Theheavengivesusrulesto（10）______.Wecangrowandgain（11）______fromthem.Someofusgoagainsttherulesso（12）______thatweneversucceededreachingtheheights.Wekeeppartoftherulesandneverrisehighenoughtogetourtailsofftheground.

Letuseachtryourbesttoreachthe（13）______.Weshouldrecognizesomeoftherulesthatwemaybe（14）______atareactuallyasteadyforce.Ithelpsusachieveahigher（15）______.21.

A.creations B.ideas C.memories D.discoveries22.

A.attended B.cycled C.contributed D.controlled23.

A.Ratherthan B.Dueto C.Apartfrom D.Asfor24.

A.found B.left C.stopped D.interrupted25.

A.fortunate B.comfortable C.independent D.safe26.

A.failed B.managed C.arranged D.recorded27.

A.signedup B.calmeddown C.turneddown D.tiedup28.

A.helplessly B.doubtfully C.tirelessly D.patiently29.

A.weeds B.rules C.kites D.wind30.

A.drive B.change C.keep D.work31.

A.strength B.relief C.pride D.excitement32.

A.right B.straight C.firmly D.deep33.

A.adventure B.performance C.conflict D.destination34.

A.worried B.annoyed C.surprised D.disappointed35.

A.duty B.speed C.signal D.goal四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。

WorldSoilDay（1）______（hold）everyyearon5Decemberasameanstofocusattentionontheimportanceofsoilhealthandtoadvocateforthesustainablemanagementofsoilresources.TheUNGeneralAssemblydeclared（2）______firstWorldSoilDayin2014.

Asweallknow，the（3）______（result）ofclimatechangeareincreasinglyunpredictable.Knowingtheland，therefore，becomesessentialinordertopreventdamage（4）______candoharmtosoilhealth.

WorldSoilDay2022anditscampaign，"Soils：Wherefoodbegins"，aims（5）______（raise）awarenessoftheimportanceofmaintainingecosystemsandhumanwell-beingby（6）______（address）thegrowingchallengesinsoilmanagement，increasingsoilawarenessandencouragingsocietiestoimprovesoilhealth.

Soilnutrientlossisamajorsoildegradation（退化）processthreateningnutrition.（7）______isrecognizedasbeingamongthemostcriticalproblemsatagloballevelforfoodsecurityandsustainabilityallaroundtheglobe.Agriculturalproductionwillhavetoincreaseby60%tomeettheglobalfooddemandin2050（8）______upto58%morefoodcouldbeproducedthroughsustainablesoilmanagement.

Ourlivesdepend（9）______soils-themixofmineralandorganicmattercombinedwithair，water，andmicrobes.Without（10）______（health）soils，everylivingcreatureonEarthisatrisk.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假如你是李华，为助力郴州旅发会（ChenzhouTourismExposition），你校成立了网上旅游俱乐部（OnlineTravelClub），请给外教Caroline写一封邮件邀请她加入。

内容包括：

（1）俱乐部的主题；

（2）俱乐部的活动；

（3）表达期待。

注意：

（1）词数80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearCaroline，

______

Yours，LiHua38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

OntheplainsofnorthwestOklahoma，youcanseeformiles：nothingbutgrass，massesofevergreentreesandsteepred-rockcanyons（峡谷）.Butwithmytelescope，Icouldseethehelicopters，oneafteranotherclearly，dumpingwateronawildfireinthefardistance.Iwasn'tconcernedbythesmallcloudofsmokesnakingskyward.Ithadtobeatleast50milesaway，evenacrosstheSouthCanadianRiver.

Thatafternoon，myuncleLarry，mycousinTonyandIhaddriventothis4，000-acrefarmforathree-dayhunt.Itookafewpicturesofbushytreesandgrandcanyons.ThenIsentsomeofthemwithmycellphonetomywife，Ande，whowas60milesaway."There'snothingtoworryabout.Justhaveaniceday."Ityped.Shehadseenthefireonthenewsandcalledafewminutesearliertowarnme.Anyway，Ididn'twanthertobeworried.

Thewindhadpickedup，blowinghardfromthesouthwest.Weclimbedintothevehicle，withLarrydriving，tolookforplacestohunttheturkeysthenextday.Weheadednorthalongasmallroadandstoppedhereandtheretolookforsignsofturkeys.

WedroveforaboutamilebeforeLarryturnedtoheadbacksouth，towardthefarmhouse.Aswedid，myeyeswentwide.Awallofflameswasracingtowardus，maybethreequartersofamileaway."Getusoutofhere!"Iscreamed.Larryspeededupthevehicle，bouncinghardalongthesmallroad.Howhadthefirejumpedovertheriver？Theflameswouldbeonusinnotime.Withafenceblockingtheway，wejumpedoutofthevehicle.ThenImadeaphonecalltoAnde."We'resurroundedbyfire，"Ishoutedoverthehowlingwind."Call911!Weneedahelicoptertogetusoutofhere."Theconnectionwentdead.

Paragraph1：

Ilookedaround，butIcouldn'tseeLarryandTony.______

Paragraph2：

WhenIwokeup，Ifoundmyselfinahelicopter.______

答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、C、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中Sometimeswordpuzzlesinvolvefindingnewwordswithinalargegroupofletters.Thistypeofwordpuzzleiscalledawordsearch.Wordpuzzlesusuallytestyourvocabulary.（有时字谜需要在一大堆字母中找到新单词。这种类型的字谜被称为单词搜索。字谜通常测试你的词汇量。）可知，Wordpuzzles练习单词搜索，测试你的词汇量，所以有助于单词学习。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段中Theworld'sbest-sellingpuzzle，theRubik'sCube，isamechanicalpuzzle.（世界上最畅销的拼图，theRubik'sCube，是一个机械拼图。）以及Jigsawpuzzlesalsofallintothecategoryofmechanicalpuzzles.Theytypicallyinvolveputtingpiecesintherightplacetoformapicture.（Jigsawpuzzles也属于机械拼图的范畴。它们通常需要把碎片放在正确的位置来形成一幅画。）可知，theRubik'sCube和Jigsawpuzzles的共同点是都需要把碎片放在正确的位置来形成一幅画。故选C。

（3）文章出处题。根据首段中Therearethousandsofpuzzlestochoosefromthatcanbeworkedonatyourconvenience.（有成千上万的拼图游戏可供选择，在你方便的时候。）可知，本文主要介绍几种常见的拼图游戏，所以最可能摘自杂志的游戏部分。A.Life

skills生活技能；B.Pop

culture流行文化；C.Technology科技；D.Games游戏。故选D。

本文是一篇应用文。介绍了几种常见的拼图游戏。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

4~7.【答案】B、A、A、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段Hehasgainedmanyachievementsinhislifedespitethefactthathehadpolio（小儿麻痹症）asachild.（尽管他小时候得了小儿麻痹症，但在他的一生中，他取得了很多成就。）可知，GregoryBurns是一个取得很多成就的人，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段Butitwasn'tuntilhereturnedtoartthathetrulyfeltfulfilled.（但是直到他转向到艺术，他才真正地感到满足。）可知，Burns真正感到满足是当他重新学习艺术，成为艺术家时，故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据文章第三段Heemploysartclassesandothermethodstohelpthemtolookwithinandmakethemostoftheskillstheydohaveandnottoletthedisabilitiesstandintheirwaywhenachievingtheirgoals.（他用艺术课程和其他方式来帮助他们看到并充分发挥自己的技能，这样的话他们就不会让残疾阻挡了他们追求梦想的脚步。）可知，尽管Burns小时候得了小儿麻痹症，但这并没阻挡他追求自己的梦想并鼓励身边的人，由此可推断出是一个有决心的，A.Determined有决心的；B.Ambitious有抱负的；C.Intelligent聪明的；D.Creative有创造力的。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Hesuggestseveryoneshould"embraceandcelebratethosethingsthatchallenge"them.（他建议，每个人都应该面对并庆祝那些生活中遇到的挑战。）可知，从Burns的故事中，我们可以知道只要你有梦想，并为之努力，即使你是残疾，这都不会阻挡你追寻梦想的脚步，我们可以从Burns身上学到"世界会给那些有目标的人让路"。故选D。

本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了身残志坚的GregoryBurns的励志故事。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

8~11.【答案】B、B、A、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Ithappensallthetime.Yousetsomethingdownandthenforthelifeofyou，youcan'trememberwhereyouleftit.Toassistabsent-mindedpeople，ApplecameoutwithahandydevicelastyearcalledanAirTag.（这种事经常发生。你把东西放下，然后你怎么也想不起来放在哪里了。为了帮助那些心不在焉的人，苹果公司去年推出了一款名为AirTag的便携设备。）可知，Airtag是为那些容易忘记事情的人设计的，故选B。

（2）段落大意题。根据第二段Thissmallcirculartagcanbeattachedtoyourkeys，yourwalletorjustaboutanything.ThetagcanthenbetrackedusingBluetoothintheFindMyapp.Intheapp，theAirTagdisplaysitslocationonamap.IfyouhavemisplacedsomethinginyourhousewithanAirTagattached，thetag'sbuilt-inspeakerswillplayasound.Followthesoundtolocateit.YoucanalsosetupaseparationalertintheFindMyapp.Usingthat，youcanmakesureyourphoneisalwayswithyouoryoudon'tleaveyourkeysorwalletbehind.Youcantrackmultipleitems，too.（这个小的圆形标签可以贴在你的钥匙、钱包或任何东西上。然后可以在"查找我的"应用程序中使用蓝牙来跟踪标签。在应用程序中，AirTag会在地图上显示它的位置。如果你在家里乱放了装有AirTag的东西，标签的内置扬声器就会发出声音。跟着声音找到它。你也可以在"寻找我的"应用程序中设置分离提醒。使用这个功能，你可以确保你的手机一直在身边，或者你没有忘记带钥匙或钱包。您也可以跟踪多个项目。）可知，第二段主要介绍了如何使用AirTag，故选B。

（3）词句猜测题。根据第三段It'sscarytoknowsomeoneistrackingyou，andyoudon'tknowwhoitis.（知道有人在跟踪你，而你不知道是谁，这很可怕。）说明AirTag可以跟踪使用物品的人，从而推知划线词句"Becauseofstorieslikethese，concernisgrowingthatAirTagsaremakinganewkindof

stalking

orstealingpossible.（由于这样的故事，人们越来越担心AirTag正在使一种新型的___或盗窃成为可能。）其中划线词应为"跟踪"的意思。A.Tracking跟踪；B.Driving驾驶；C.Robbing抢劫；D.Cheating欺骗。故选A。

（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段AirTagscanbeextremelyhelpful，butperhapstheyshouldbeusedwithcareaswell.（AirTags可能非常有用，但也许也应该小心使用。）可知，作者对AirTags持谨慎的态度，A.Doubtful怀疑的；B.Supportive支持的；C.Cautious谨慎的；D.Indifferent冷漠的。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了AirTag这个便携设备如何使用以及使用它的利与弊。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12~15.【答案】D、C、C、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Astemperaturessoar，electricbillsoftengothroughtheroof.That'sbecausepeopletendtoturnontheirairconditionersduringthelong，hotsummermonths.（随着气温的飙升，电费经常飞涨。这是因为在漫长而炎热的夏季，人们往往会打开空调。）以及第二段It'sbeenpredictedthatby2050about75percentoftheworld'shomescouldhaveairconditioners.Ifthat'strue，theenergyrequiredtocoolbuildingswilldouble.Forthatreason，researcherscontinuetolookforsolutionstokeepair-conditionerusagetoaminimum.Someinnovationsarebeingusedalreadyorareintheprocessofbeingdeveloped.（据预测，到2050年，世界上75%的家庭将拥有空调。如果这是真的，冷却建筑物所需的能量将翻倍。因此，研究人员继续寻找将空调使用量降至最低的解决方案。一些创新已经在使用或正在开发过程中。）后文则是具体介绍了几种方法，所以作者在文章开头提到空调是为了介绍主题。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段ResearchersatPurdueUniversityhavedevelopedtheworld'swhitestpaint.Thispaintcankeepabuilding'sexteriorsurfacecoolerthanthesurroundingtemperature.Onhotdays，wallsabsorbheatandoftenbecome10to20degreesCelsiushotterthantheairaroundthem.ButwallspaintedwithPurdue'swhitepaintreflect98.1percentoftheheatandsenditbackintospace.（普渡大学的研究人员开发出了世界上最白的油漆。这种涂料可以使建筑物的外表面温度低于周围的温度。在炎热的天气里，墙壁会吸收热量，通常会比周围的空气温度高10到20摄氏度。但是，用普渡大学的白色涂料粉刷的墙壁反射了98.1%的热量，并将其送回了太空。）可知，普渡大学的白色涂料粉刷的墙壁反射了98.1%的热量，即能反射大部分的热量。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段YiZhengofNortheasternUniversityhascreateda"coolingpaper".Thismaterialreflectsthesun'srayswhilepullingheatoutofabuilding'sinterior，andthepapercanberecycled.Heandhisteamdiscoveredthatthepaperhelpsbringdownaroom'stemperaturebyabout6degreesCelsius.Zhenghopesthatthecoolingpaperwillsomedaybeusedonroofsandwithinbuildingmaterials.（东北大学的YiZheng发明了一种"冷却纸"。这种材料可以反射太阳光线，同时从建筑物内部吸收热量，而且这种纸可以回收利用。他和他的团队发现，这种纸有助于将房间温度降低约6摄氏度。郑希望这种冷却纸有一天能被用于屋顶和建筑材料。）可知，这种"冷却纸"不但能降温还能回收利用，所以是实用且环保的建筑材料。故选C。

（4）标题归纳大意题。根据第二段It'sbeenpredictedthatby2050about75percentoftheworld'shomescouldhaveairconditioners.Ifthat'strue，theenergyrequiredtocoolbuildingswilldouble.Forthatreason，researcherscontinuetolookforsolutionstokeepair-conditionerusagetoaminimum.Someinnovationsarebeingusedalreadyorareintheprocessofbeingdeveloped.（据预测，到2050年，世界上75%的家庭将拥有空调。如果这是真的，冷却建筑物所需的能量将翻倍。因此，研究人员继续寻找将空调使用量降至最低的解决方案。一些创新已经在使用或正在开发过程中。）以及后文是具体介绍了几种方法，所以本文主要介绍了保持建筑物凉爽的创新方法，所以B.CoolBuildings：InnovativeWaystoKeepBuildingsCool.（凉爽的建筑物：保持建筑物凉爽的创新方法。）是本文最好的标题。故选B。

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了研究人员继续寻找将空调使用量降至最低的解决方案。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】F、A、E、D、G【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据本段小标题Seek

out

as

much

natural

light

as

possible（寻找尽可能多的自然光）可知本段讲述自然光对人早起的影响，所以F.The

secret

to

becoming

a

morning

person

is

exposure

to

bright

light.（成为早起的人的秘诀是暴露在明亮的光线下。）符合语境，故选F。

（2）段落标题题。此处为段落标题，根据其他的段落标题，可知用祈使句，所以只有A和B选项合适，结合下文"WhatI'llsuggesttopeopleistoshifthalfanhour，waitafewdays，shiftanotherhalfanhour，waitafewdays，andthenshiftanotherhalfanhour，"shesays."That'salittleeasierforpeopletotolerate.（她说："我建议人们提前半小时，等几天，再提前半小时，等几天，然后再提前半小时。"这对人们来说比较容易忍受。）可知习惯养成要有个渐进过程，所以A.Ease

in

gradually.（慢慢地进入。）符合语境，故选A。

（3）联系上文题。根据本段小标题Be

consistent—even

on

weekends.（保持一致即使是在周末。）可知本段讲述了要有持续性，不要间断，结合上文Iwanttobemoreofamorningpersonduringtheweek，butIwanttosleepinontheweekends，（我想在工作日做一个早起的人，但我想在周末睡个懒觉，）可知此处说明这样做不行，所以E.that's

not

going

to

work.（这是行不通的。）符合语境，故选E。

（4）细节理解题。上文Aconsistentbedtimeisn'tascrucialasstickingtothesamewakeuptimeeveryday，Gehrmansays，（Gehrman说，固定的就寝时间没有每天固定的起床时间重要，）和D.but

it's

still

important

to

make

sure

you're

getting

enough

sleep.（但确保睡眠充足仍然很重要。）构成转折关系，再结合下文Most

people

should

aim

for

at

least

seven

hours

a

night-

so

you'll

probably

need

to

inch

your

bedtime

forward

as

you

transition

to

a

new

schedule.（大多数人每晚至少应该睡7个小时所以当你过渡到新的作息时间时，你可能需要一点点地提前就寝时间。）可知D选项和下文都提到了睡眠的时间长度问题，所以D选项起到承上启下的作用，故选D。

（5）联系下文题。根据下文A

300-microgram

dose

about

three

to

four

hours

before

you

plan

to

go

to

bed

will

help

you

start

to

feel

sleepy，she

says.（她说，在你计划睡觉前三到四个小时服用300微克的剂量会帮助你开始感到困倦。）可知上文必须提到用药的问题，还要解释"she"是谁，所以G.Blair

suggests

trying

small

amounts

of

melatonin.（Blair建议尝试少量褪黑素。）符合语境，故选G。

这是一篇说明文。文章主要提出了一些帮助孩子养成健康睡眠习惯的建议。

关于选句填空的做题步骤：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。

步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。

步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。

步骤五：区分相似项。

21~35.【答案】A、D、A、B、C、B、D、A、C、C、A、C、D、B、D【解析】

（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.creations

创意，作品；B.ideas

想法；C.memories

记忆；D.discoveries

发现。句意：各种形状和大小的彩色作品像美丽的鸟儿一样布满了天空。后文提到various

shapes

and

sizes

filled

the

sky

like

beautiful

birds."（形状大小各异像美丽的小鸟一样）由此判断，作者看到的风筝都是非常美丽的作品。故选A。

（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.attended

出席，参加；B.cycled

循环；C.contributed

捐赠，贡献；D.controlled

控制。句意：当强风吹向风筝时，一根绳子控制着它们。前文提到

One

windy

spring，day

I

observed

young

people

having

fun

using

the

wind

to

fly

their

kites."（在一个有风的春日，我看到一群年轻人乘着风放风筝，玩得很开心。）由此判断，风筝飞上天时都需要风筝线控制。故选D。

（3）考查固定短语及语境理解。A.Rather

than

而不是；B.Due

to由于；C.Apart

from除之外；D.As

for

至于。句意：风筝不是被风吹走，而是逆风而起，飞得更高。后文提到"the

kites

arose

against

it

to

fly

higher."（而是逆风而起，飞得