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状语从句讲练

1状语从句讲练1什么是状语?什么是从句?表示时间、地点、原因、目的…Wesleepatnightathome.必须符合“从句的三个必须”必须是句子;必须有连接词;必须是陈述句

请参考本网站“简单句结构---主谓宾”、“从句基础篇—从句的三个必须”视频2什么是状语?什么是从句?表示时间、地点、原因、目的…必须符合定义状语从句状语从句同副词,介词词组等作状语一样,用于修饰谓语,说明谓语动作的时间,地点,方式,手段,条件,程度,比较,原因,目的,结果等Igetupat6:00ItisdarkIgetupwhenitisdark3定义状语从句3用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。引导状语从句的关联词是一些从属连词。

例:

Whenyoucrosstheroad,youmustbecareful.

当你过马路时要小心。(when是从属连词)

IwaslatebecauseImissedthebus.

我迟到了,因为我误了公共汽车。(because是从属连词).Ifsheasksme,I’lltellher.

她如果问我,我就告诉她。(if是从属连词)

Youlookasifyouneedarest.

你像是需要休息似的。(asif是从属连词).状语从句4用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。引导状语从句的关联词是一些从属连状语从句的种类1、时间状语从句

when,while,assoonas,since,until,before,after2、条件状语从句

if3、结果状语从句

so…that4、比较状语从句

than5、原因状语从句

because6、让步状语从句

although,though7、地点状语从句

where5状语从句的种类5前引:根据主从句的三种时间关系,分为主从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型,每种句型分别对应独特的句式三类时间1、主从句同时发生2、主从句都没有发生3、主从句一前一后发生WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOarrived?WhatareyoudoingwhentheUFOarrives?Iwouldleaveifhecame.Iwillleaveifhecomes.ThetrainhadbeenawaywhenIarrived.过去配过去过去配过去现在配现在现在配现在6前引:根据主从句的三种时间关系,分为主三类时间1、主从句同时前引:根据主从句的三种时间关系,分为主从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型,每种句型分别对应独特的句式三类时间1、主从句同时发生2、主从句都没有发生3、主从句一前一后发生过去类:….过去进行when一般过去现在类:…现在进行…when一般现在过去类:过去将来when一般过去现在类:一般将来when一般现在过去完成when一般过去7前引:根据主从句的三种时间关系,分为主三类时间1、主从句同时当我在开车时,她在玩滑板车。WhileIwasdriving,shewasplayingthescooter.时间状语从句8当我在开车时,她在玩滑板车。时间状语8(1)时间状语从句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等连词来引导。例如:Itwasraininghardwhengottoschoolyesterday.Whilehewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.Ashewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.Afterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.9(1)时间状语从句常用when,as,while,be(2)在时间状语从句里,主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时I’llringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.Hewon’tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.(3)若就时间状语从句提问,应用when来提问。如:Whileweweresweepingthefloor,thebellrang.(就划线部分提问10(2)在时间状语从句里,主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时10while/when辨析when/while+doingWhen/whilereading,hefellasleep.when+终止性、延续性动词while+延续性动词Whentheteachercamein,Iwassleeping.=While/WhenIwassleeping,theteachercamein.when(就在这时)Iwassleeping,whensomeoneknockedatthedoor.11while/when辨析①when表示点时间时,从句中用短暂性动词;表示段时间时,用持续性动词。

WhenIgothome,myfamilywerealreadyhavingdinner.

我到家的时候,全家已在吃晚饭。(when表示点时间)

Whentheywerestilltalkingandlaughing,theteachercamein.

当他们还在说笑的时候,老师进来了。(when表示段时间)

Hewavedahellowhenhesawher.

当他看见她的时候,就挥手打了个招呼。(when表示点时间)

Whenyouthinkyouknownothing,youbegintoknowsomething.

当你认为自己一无所知的时候,就开始知道一些事情了。(when表示段时间)当when意思是正当……时候(andatthatmoment)时,when只能跟在前一分句之后。

Hewasabouttogotobedwhenthedoorbelrang.

他正要上床,忽然门铃响了。

TheywerewatchingtheWorldCupwhensuddenlythelightswentout.

他们正看着世界杯比赛,突然灯灭了。

Theyhadjustarrivedhomewhenitbegantorain.

他们刚到家,天就开始下雨了。12①when表示点时间时,从句中用短暂性动词;表示段时间时,用①while通常表示一段时间,从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。

Strikewhiletheironishot.

趁热打铁。

Shefellasleepwhileshewasreadingthenewspaper.

她在看报的时候睡着了。②while有时可以作并列连词,表示对比,可译成……而……。

IamfondofEnglishwhilehelikesmaths.

我喜欢英语而他却喜欢数学。

Wesleptwhilethecaptainkeptwatch.

我们睡觉而上尉担任警戒。13①while通常表示一段时间,从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。※while的其他含义:WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_______)Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.(while=_______)WhileIreallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=___________)Whilethereislifethereishope.(while=_______________)whenalthoughaslongasbut14※while的其他含义:whenalthoughaslo※

as:当…时;一边…一边;随着……*某事一发生,另一事立即发生*两个动作同时发生As

thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.As

thecaptainpassedme,Iaskedhimwhethertherewasanyhopeofsavingtheship.15※as:当…时;一边…一边;随着……*某事一发生,另一____________he

had

finished

his

homework,he

took

a

short

rest.____________hewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.____________shewastypingtheletter,thetelephonerangwhen,as,while区别①when

②while③asWhenAsWhile"时间点""延续性动词"“一边..........一边”"时间段""终止性动词"16____________he

had

finished

hi※before①在……前ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.Itwon’tbehalfayearbeforewemeetagain.Wesailedfourdaysandnightsbeforewesawtheland.Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.④肯定句“才”否定句“就”②itwillbe+一段时间before......多久之后才...③itwon’tbe+一段时间before......不久就....17※before①在……前④肯定句“才”※till,until和not…until:1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时,主句的动词是延续性动词,表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间,意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如:

Wewaiteduntilhecame.2.用于否定句时,主句谓语动词是非延续性动词,从句为肯定,意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如Hewon’tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.18※till,until和not…until:18练一练1.

______hecomesheretomorrow,Iwillcallyou.2.

________hewaswalkinginthestreet,hemetTim.3.

Shesang____sheworked.4.

Therewasanapplause_______________________sheappearedonthestage.WhenWhile/Whenasassoonas19练一练1.

______hecomesheretom5.Itwon’tbelong______hefinisheshiswriting.6.______hehadfinishedhiswork,heleftthere.7.Itistwoyears______hecamehere.8.

_______shetoldme,Ihadnoideaofwhattheyhadsaid.beforeAftersinceEverytime/eachtimeUntil205.Itwon’tbelong______hefi

练习:1.I’llwritetoyou_______Igetthere.

A.whileB.beforeC.assoonasD.by2.Hehaslivedinthecity_________hecamebackfromAmerica.

A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.after3.Wewon’tleavehere_______ourteachercomesback.

A.untilB.sinceC.afterD.assoonas4.Ihadtofinishthepicture________mymothercameback.

A.untilB.beforeC.afterD.while5.Johnfellasleep________hewaslisteningtothemusic.

A.afterB.beforeC.whileD.assoonas

中考题型时间状语从句21练习:中考题型时间状语从句212.地点状语从句地点状语从句由where,wherever

等引导。例如:Youcantakeawalkwhereveryouliketo.

---Mom,whatdidyourdoctorsay?---Headvisedmetolivewheretheairisfresher?222.地点状语从句22我扁你是因为你又偷我的菜。Ibeatyoubecauseyoustolemyvegetablesagain.原因状语从句23我扁你是因为你又偷我的菜。原因状语23

3.原因状语从句原因状语从句通常由because,as,since,nowthat,considering(that),seeing(that)等词引导。

because语气较强,用以回答why问句

as语气较弱,较口语化,所表示的原因较明显。

since语气较弱,常表对方已知的事实,相当于汉语的“既然”。243.原因状语从句246.Ieatpotatoes_________Ilikethem.

我吃土豆是因为我喜欢土豆。7.

____Ididn’tknowtheway,Iaskedapoliceman.

我由于不知道路,因而问警察。8.

_______youwon’thelpme,I’llasksomeoneelse.

你既然不帮我,那我就请别人帮我。becauseAsSince256.Ieatpotatoes_________Il

1.Ididn’tbuythedictionaryyesterday______myauntwouldgivemeone.

A.untilB.becauseC.ifDbefore2.----Whydidyoucometoschoollatethismorning?-----______IwatchedthefootballWorldCupuntil12o’clocklastnight.

A.IfB.BecauseC.SinceD.Though

中考题型√√总结:重点掌握because的用法(注:because和so不能同时用在一个句子中)原因状语从句26

1.Ididn’tbuythedictiona他是一个如此搞笑的人以至于我们大家都笑啦。Heissuchafunnymanthatwealllaugh.结果状语从句27他是一个如此搞笑的人以至于我们大家都笑啦。结果状语从句274.结果状语从句结果状语从句常用sothat,suchthat等关联词引导。e.g.Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotowork.

他如此小以致于他不能上班。Hegotsolittlepaythathisfamilyhadtoliveonwelfaremoney.

他工资很少,他的家人不得不靠救济金生活。It’ssuchagoodchancethatwemustn’tmissit.机会这样好,我们决不能失掉。284.结果状语从句28sothat,so…that,such…that

sothat“以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。

注意:在从句中有情态动词表目的。无情态动词表结果。

so…that“如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于:

1.so+形/副+that

2.so+形+a(an)+单数名词+that

3.so+many/much+复数名词(不可数名词)+thatsuch…that“如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于:

1.such+a(an)+形+名词+that

2.such+形+复数名词/不可数名词+that29sothat,so…that,such…thatsosothat既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个:1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can,could,may,might等。2)从意思上看,目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如:Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.(目的状语从句)Jackisbadlyillsothathehastorest.(结果状语从句)30sothat既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句。区Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.=Thefilmwassowonderfulthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.Itissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomissit.=Thematchissoimportantthatnobodywantstomissit.Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchtheceiling.Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupallthewildroses.Hehassolittletimethathecan’tgotothecinemawithyou.记:注:名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时,用so,不用such31Itwassuchawonderfulfilmt我做这个动作是为了站稳。IdothisactioninorderthatIcanstandstill.目的状语从句32我做这个动作是为了站稳。目的状语从句325.目的状语从句目的状语从句常由sothat,inorderthat等词引导,目的状语从句常用助动词may(might),shall(should),will(would),can(could)。目的状语从句常放于主句之后,例:

Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.你要讲得清楚,他们才听得懂。

Hespokeslowlyinorderthateveryoneshouldunderstand.

他讲得很慢以便人人能听懂。335.目的状语从句33Theysetoutearly________________theymightarrivethereintime.Takeyourraincoat________itshouldrain.Theboyhidhimselfbehindthetree__________________hisfathershouldseehim.sothat(inorderthat)incaseincase/forfearthat练一练34sothat(inorderthat)incase4.I’dliketoarrive20minutesearly_______Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat5.You'dbettertakesomethingtoreadwhenyougotoseethedoctor______youhavetowait.A.evenifB.asifC.incaseD.inorderthat354.I’dliketoarrive20minutIftheroachesdon'tdie,I'lldie.条件状语从句36Iftheroachesdon'tdie,条件状语从不许动,除非我允许你动。Don'tmoveunlessIallowyoutomove.37不许动,除非我允许你动。37主将从现Hewon'tbelateunlessheisill.Hurryup,

oryou'llbelate.=Ifyoudon'thurryup,you'llbelate.“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”=条从Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.38主将从现386.条件状语从句条件状语从句表示条件,关联词常用if或unless,as(so)longas.if,once,as/solongas,asfaras,unless等。Ifitsnowstomorrow,wewillbuildasnowman.

明天如果下雪,我们就堆雪人。You’llcatchacoldunlessyouputonyourcoat.

你会感冒的除非你穿上大衣。Hewilldoanythingaslongasitisinteresting.

只要有趣,他什么都愿意干。396.条件状语从句391.___youtouchanEnglishperson,youshouldsay“sorry”.2.______theyaredirty,certainseasarenotabletocleanthemselves.3.__________wedon’tloseheart,we’llfindawaytoovercomethedifficulty.4.__________Iknowyoushouldn’thaveanyproblemthere.IfOnceAslongasAsfaras练一练401.___youtouchanEnglishIf

You’llbelate______youdon’tgetupearlytomorrowmorning.

A.ifB.whenC.beforeD.untilIfhe______ontime,wewillgowithouthim

A.doesn’tcome

B.don’tcome

C.didn’tcomeIfyou_______himtomorrow,pleaseaskhimifhe______toworkonthefarmwithus.

A.see;goesB.willsee;goesC.willsee;willgoD.see;willgo中考题型总结:条件状语从句考的频率比较高,主要考查if连词和if引导的从句与主句的时态(主将从现)条件状语从句如果是否41中考题型总结:条件状语从句考的频率比较高,主要考查if7.让步状语从句让步状语从句,表示“虽然,尽管,即使”等概念,常用的关联词有:though,although,eventhough等。

Thoughhewasill,hewasstillworking.

他虽然有病,但仍然继续工作。

Althoughitisdifficult,weshalldoit.

此事虽难,但我们还是要做。

Eventhoughyousayso,Idonotbelieveit.

即使你这样说,我也不信。427.让步状语从句42

注:①though和although可以互换,只是although比较正式。②though不可以与连词but连用,但可以与yet,still连用,例:

Thoughheworkedhard,hecouldn’tpasstheexam.

虽然他很努力,但还是没通过考试。

43注:①though和although可以互换,只是al(1)让步状语从句通常由although,though等连词引导。例如:Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如:我们不能说:Thoughitwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.应该说:Thoughitwasraininghard,hestillwentout.或Itwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.44(1)让步状语从句通常由although,though等连1.___________________heisold,heworkshard.2.___________________yousayso,Idon’tbelieveit.3.Smart___heis,hedoesn’tstudyhard.4.Theoldtowermustbesaved,_____________thecost.A.howeverB.whateverC.whichever D.whereverAlthough/ThoughEventhough(evenif)as练一练45Although/Though8.比较状语从句比较状语从句常用than或as…as,themore…themore等引导。than表示两者的比较,as…as表示程度相同的比较;Themore…themore…表示”越…越…”。例:Thatbookismoreinterestingthanthisone.那本书比这本有趣。HerunsasfastasI(do).

他和我跑得一样快。ThemoreIseehim,thelessIlikehim.

我越看他就越不喜欢。468.比较状语从句比较状语从句常用than或as…as,t1.Hedoesn’tworksohard___youdo.2.Themoreyouworry,_______you’llsucceed.3.Shedidworseinthetest________sheexpected.asthelessthan练一练471.Hedoesn’tworksohard_9.方式状语从句方式状语从句由as,asif,asthough等引导。例如:YoucandoitaswhatIjustdid.Icouldn’tmovedmylegs.Itwasasiftheywerestucktothefloor.

Hesounds

asthoughhe‘sgotasorethroat.489.方式状语从句48注:1①比较状语从句后面的主语在口语中常用宾格。②如果后面的句子主语为主格时,可以加助动词、情态动词等。

HecanjumphigherthanIcan.

他能比我跳得高。

HecamelaterthanLiLeidid.

他比李磊来得晚。49注:1①比较状语从句后面的主语在口语中常用宾格。49注:2★becauseof和because的区别①becauseof后加名词代词或动名词,不加句子,而because加句子,例:Becauseofhisillness,hedidn’tgotowork.

因为生病,他没上班。Becausehewasill,hedidn’tgotowork.50注:2★becauseof和because的区别50②在条件和时间状语从句中,如果主句用将来时,从句常用一般现在时。

Ifitdoesn’train,we’llgofishing.

明天不下雨我们就去钓鱼。

Assoonashecomesback,I’lllethimknowit.

他一回来,我就让他知道这事。③if构成条件从句时意为“如果”,可以放句首也可以放主句后;构成宾语从句时意为“是否”,一般放主句后。51②在条件和时间状语从句中,如果主句用将来时,从句常用一般现在例如:Idon’tknowifhewillcometomorrow.(宾从)

我不知道他明天是否来。

Ifhecomes,I’lltellyou.(I’lltellyouifhecomes.)

如果他来,我会告诉你。52例如:Idon’tknowifhewillcIwillgivethetickettohim_________________(我一见到他)Theforeignfriendshavevisitedalotofcities______________________(自从他们到中国以来)MrGreenwon’tgo__________________.

(直到你回来)Icouldrideabike_____________________.

(当我10岁时)Ibegantodosomedrawing________________________(我完成作业后)Hehastosendhisdaughtertoschool_______________________(他上班之前)assoonasIseehimsincetheycametoChinauntilyoucomebackwhenIwas10yearsoldafterIfinishedmyhomeworkbeforehegoestowork53Iwillgivethetickettohim1.

他一到家,我就告诉他这件事。

Iwilltellhimaboutit____________________2.

我喜欢吃苹果,因为这对我的健康有好处。

Iliketoeatapples______________________________3.

他和汤姆跑的一样快。

He________________Tom.4.Jack太穷,他买不起这本书。

___________________couldn’tbuythebook.5.

直到爸爸回来他才读完这本书。

___________________________________hisfathercameback.根据中文完成句子

Hedidn’tfinishreadingthebookuntilbecauseit’sgoodformyhealth.

runsasfastas

Jackwassopoorthathe

assoonashegetshome.541.他一到家,我就告诉他这件事。

Iwilltell【模拟试题】(答题时间:50分钟)()1.Didhetellyou__________attheschoolgate?A.whohewaitedforB.whoishewaitingC.whodidhewaitforD.whohewaswaiting()2.Doyouknow_______________?A.whoishe B.whatheisC.whatishe D.whoheisA

D55【模拟试题】(答题时间:50分钟)()1.Did()3.Idon’tknow____________.A.wheredoeshecomefromB.wherehedoescomefromC.wherehecomefromD.wherehecomesfrom()4.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_________gettotheplane?—Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.A.howcanweB.howwecanC.wherecanweD.wherewecan

D

B56()3.Idon’tknow________()5.Theteacheraskedthenewstudent____________classhewasin.A.which B.whereC.how D.when()6.Doyouknow___________afterschooleveryday?A.whatdoeshedoB.hedoeswhatC.whathedoesD.doeshedowhat

A

C57()5.Theteacheraskedthe()7.Haveyoudecided__________withme?A.whowillyougoB.whowillgoC.whowentD.whodidyougo()8.Heaskedme________________.A.whodidkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCupB.whenwastheAPECmeetingheldC.whenChinabecameamemberoftheWTOD.wherewillthe2008Olympicbeheld

B

C58()7.Haveyoudecided____()9.KatehasgonetoShanghaiandIdon’tknow_____tomorrow.A.whenshecallsmeB.whenshewillcallmeC.whendoesshecallmeD.whenwillshecallme()10.—Wheredoeshecomefrom?

—Pardon?

—Iaskedwhere__________.A.didhecomefromB.hecamefromC.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom()11.Ididn’tknow___________atthemeetingyesterday.A.whattosayB.tosaywhatC.whytosayD.tosaywhy

B

A

B59()9.KatehasgonetoShan()12.Couldyoutellme_________?A.whattimetheplaneleavesB.whattimetheplaneleaveC.whattimedidtheplaneleaveD.whattimewilltheplaneleave()13.Doyouknow_________sheknowsit?A.whatB.if C.when D.what()14.Boysandgirls,didyouhear____Isaid?A.thatB.whatC.it D.those()15.Youmustremember_____.A.whatyourteachersaidB.whatdidyourteachersayC.yourteachersaidwhatD.whathasyourteachersaidB

BA

A60()12.Couldyoutellme__()16.Iwatchedthatmanforalongtimeandwantedtoknow_____.A.whetherIhaveseenhimbeforeB.whereIhadseenhimbeforeC.thatIhadseenhimbeforeD.whendidIseehim

()17.—Doyouknow______?

—Sorry,Idon’tknow.Youmayaskthewomanoverthere.A.whentheshopopensB.whenistheshopopenC.whendoestheshopopenD.whenwilltheshopopen

()18.—Doyouknowwhyshe_____Mr.Wangtomorrow?

—Shehaschangedhermind.A.won’tvisitB.didn’tvisitC.doesn’tvisitD.hasn’tvisit

A

A

B61()16.Iwatchedthatmanf()19.Couldyoutellme____withthebrokenwindow?A.whatIshoulddoB.whatshouldIdoC.howtodD.howIshoulddo()20.—Doyouknow______?

—Theymovedheresoonaftertheirsonwasborn.A.whenwouldtheGreensmovehereB.whentheGreensmovedhereC.theGreenswouldmovehereD.whentheGreenswouldmovehere()21.Idon’tknowwhenhe______backfromEngland.A.willcome B.comeC.comesD.coming

B

A

A62()19.Couldyoutellme__()22.—Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?

—Hetoldmethathe____theDisneyWorldthenextday.A.willvisit B.hasvisitedC.isgoingtovisit D.wouldvisit()23.Ifhe_____hardernexttime,hewillcatchupwithus.A.workB.workedC.worksD.willwork()24.IthinkWeiHuawillbeveryhappywhenshe_____yourpresents.A.looks B.willlookC.receivesD.willreceive

CC

D63()22.—Whatdidyoursons()25.We’llsetoutassoonasourm

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