动名词-动词不定式(上课)课件

WelcomeWelcome1非谓语动词广州学大NicoleNonfiniteverbs非谓语动词广州学大NicoleNonfinitever2热身练习1.Theoldmenenjoy_____(listen)tothesingingofthebirdsinthepark.2.Mysisterisinterestedin_______inherfreetime.A.watchTVB.readingbooksC.listeningmusicD.playsbasketball3.Letme______(help)you_______(water)theflowers.4.Isawhim_______intothesmallstore.

A.wentB.goingC.togoD.hasgone5.Heisgoodat______.A.singingB.singC.singsD.tosing热身练习1.Theoldmenenjoy____3非谓语动词的概念在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词它不受人称和数的限制非谓语动词的概念在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫4非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式：to+动词原形动名词：动词原形+ing分词（现在分词和过去分词）非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式：to+动词原形5非谓语动词是每年中考的必考内容主要集中在对动词不定式和动名词的考查考点分析非谓语动词是每年中考的必考内容考点分析6非谓语动词动名词:doing动词不定式:todo非谓语动词动名词:doing7动名词Gerund

动名词Gerund8动名词

非谓语动词形式之一1.构成:动词原形+

ingPlay--dance--playing

dancing动名词

非谓语动词形式之一1.构成:动词原形+ingPl9

2.特征动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当名词来用，在句中可以做的成分：主语、宾语、表语、定语

2.特征动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当主语、宾语、表101)作主语Talkinglikethatisnotpolite.

Learningfromothersisimportant.

特征1)作主语Talkinglikethatisnot11Note:A.动名词作主语时，有时会将真正主语（动名词）放到句尾，用it做形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置语。常用的结构有：Itis+n.+doing.Itis+adj.+doing1.Swimminginthisriverisdangerous(主语？）Itisdangerousswimminginthisriver.2.WaitinghereisnouseItisnousewaitinghere.(主语？）---

----

动名词做主语时，不太常用it作先行主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。适用于it做形式主语的名词（短语）有：nouse,nogood,fun,awaste(oftime),agreatpleasure,等适用于it做形式主语的形容词有：表示高兴的词（better，wonderful，enjoyable

nice,good,interesting）useless,worthwhile,foolish,dangerous，difficult，

等。Note:A.动名词作主语时，有时会将真正主语（动名词）122）动名词作表语动名词(短语)作表语用来表示主语的内容。Herjobis_______（nurse)

patients.Myfavoritesummersportis__________(swim).nursingswimming特征2）动名词作表语动名词(短语)作表语用来表示主语的内容。nu133)动名词作宾语

A.动词宾语：Headmitted_______(take)thewatch.Wouldyoumind_______(turn)ontheradio?takingturning特征3)动名词作宾语A.动词宾语：takingturnin14

只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀：

喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习

错过建议保持介意值得考虑（押韵）

只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀：

喜欢花费忙着想象忍15下列动词后只能接动名词做宾语：错过,考虑,值得建议,完成,练习喜欢,想象,禁不住花费,保持,介意Miss，consider，worthsuggest，finish，practiseenjoy，imagine，can`thelpspend，keep/keepon，mindIcan’timagine__________(marry)agirlofthatsort.Isugggest________(buy)thedictionarymarryingbuying15.Wouldyoumindmy_____(open)thedoor?下列动词后只能接动名词做宾语：Miss，consider，16▓既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有：remember,forget,regret,mean,try等，但表达的意义不同。

动名词-动词不定式(上课)ppt课件171．remember/forgettodo动作尚未发生doing动作已经发生Irememberseeingheratthehotel.我记得在宾馆见过她。(动作发生了)Iwillremembertoseeheratthehotel.我记着要去宾馆见她。(动作尚未发生)2.try

todo设法、努力去做，尽力doing试试去做（看有何结果）She

tried

washing

her

hair

with

a

new

shampoo.

她试着用一种新的香波洗头发。

Hetriedtoclimbthetree,buthecouldnot.

他试图爬树，可爬不上去。1．remember/forgettodo动作尚未发生d183.mean

todo打算做（主语一般是人）doing意味着（主语一般是物）4.regrettodo对将要做的事抱歉doing对已经发生的事感到后悔Iregrettotellyouthatyoucan'tpasstheexamination.我很遗憾地通知你你不能通过这次考试．Iregretdisturbingyousolong.我很抱歉打扰了你那么久．Imeanttogiveyouthisbooktoday,butIforgot.我本来打算今天给你这本书的，可是我忘了。Thisneworderwillmean(us)workingovertime.这一个新定单意味着（我们）得加班加点.

3.meantodo打算做（主语一般是人）doing191、Thetwogirlsstoppedtalkingwhentheysawme.

那两个女孩一见到我就停止了讲话。2、Thetwogirlsstoppedtotalktomewhentheysawme.

这两个女孩一看到我就停下来和我讲话。

5.stoptodo停下去做另外一件事doing停止做手头的事情Thegardenneedswatering.Youneedtoworkhard.6.needtodo(人做主语)某人需要做某事

doing（物做主语)某物需要被...1、Thetwogirlsstoppedtalkin201.别忘了离开时把灯关了。Don’tforget

beforeleaving.2.父亲必须戒烟了。Fathermuststop.3.他看完电视后，继续看了一会书。AfterhewatchedTV,hewenton

forawhile.4.这辆自行车需要修理了。Thisbikeneeds__________________________.toturnoffthelightssmokingtoreadrepairing/mendingWhatisthefunctionofgerundinthesentence?toturnoffthelightssmokingt21B.作介词的宾语Heisinterestedin______(sing)songs.Helefttheroomwithout_____(say)goodbyetousall.singingsayingB.作介词的宾语Heisinterestedin__22注意：to在下列短语中是介词，常跟动名词作宾语。be/getusedtolookforwardtogetdowntopayattentiontodevoteoneselftoleadto

contributetoobjectto（反对）．．．Let’sgetdowntopreparingfortheexam.▓动名词用在下列词组后作宾语：giveup,can’thelp,feellike,beworth,bebusy,setabout,putoff,thinkof，insiston等Shecan’thelpcryingatthesadsight.Doyoufeellikehavingabreak?Iwanttogiveyouabirthdaycake.注意：Iwanttogiveyouabirthd23小试牛刀1.Nowmoreandmorepeoplearebusy_____abouttheInternet.A.learnB.tolearnC.learningD.learned2.-It'stoohot.Wouldyoumind_____thedoor?-______.Pleasedoit.A.toopen;OKB.opening;CertainlynotC.opening;OfcourseD.toopen;Goodidea3.Nomatterhowharditis,we'llkeep_____untilwemakeit.A.failedB.failingC.triedD.trying4.-Areyouenjoying_____inNingbo?-Yes,weare.Verymuch.A.toliveB.livingC.livesD.lived5．Wecouldn’thelp_____(laugh)afterweheardthefunnystoryA.tolaughB.livingC.livesD.lived小试牛刀1.Nowmoreandmorepeopl244)做定语动名词作定语放在所修饰的名词之前，表示所修饰的名词的功能、作用。Nooneisallowedtospeakaloudinthe_________(read)room.AwalkingstickAstickforwalkingreading特征Whereisgerund?Whatisthefunctionofgerundinthesentence?4)做定语动名词作定语放在所修饰的名词之前，表示所修饰的名251.Beatingachildwilldomoreharmthangood．2.Doyoumind

answeringmyquestion？3.Tokeepmoneythatyouhavefoundis

stealing．4.Nooneisallowedtospeakaloudinthereading

room．（作定语）（作宾语）（作表语）（作主语）Whatisthefunctionofgerundinthesentence?（作定语）（作宾语）（作表语）（作主语）Whatis26翻译：1.爬山真是有趣。Climbingmountainsisreallyfun.=2.我们正考虑明天出去吃饭。(thinkof，eatout)Wearethinkingofeatingouttomorrow.

3.你的任务就是擦窗户。Yourtaskiscleaningthewindows.4.你介意为我们关窗吗？Doyoumindclosingthewindowforus?5.我们反对这样匆忙地离开。（objectedto，insuchahurry）Weobjectedtoleavinginsuchahurry.6.游泳池候车室Climbingmountainsisreallyfun.swimmingpoolwaitingroom翻译：Climbingmountainsisreall27

Note:动名词的复合结构在一般情况下，句子的主语就是动名词的逻辑主语。Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?(主语?)Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?(主语?)如果动名词的主语不是句子的主语，可在动名词前加物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词或名词所有格形式来表示动名词逻辑上的主语这样就构成了动名词的复合结构。Doyoumind_____(我）makingasuggestion?_________（they)comingtohelpwasaencouragementtous.Idon’tlike______(Mike)smoking.JimmymeJim’sTheirThemXMike’sMikeJim我不介意他来Idon’tmindhimcoming.她讨厌年轻人抽烟。Shehatesyoungpeople’s

smoking.

Note:动名词的复合结构在一般情况下，句子的主语就是动名28Fillintheblankswiththecorrectform1.Hisjobis___________________(teach).2.Thenurse'sjobis_______________(look)afterthepatients.3.Thisisabig__________(swim)pool.4.Shecan’thelp______(laugh).5.Iremember_______(do)theexercise.6.Imustremember_______(do)it.7.__________(swim)isgoodforhealth,but________(swim)insuchapollutedriverisharmfultohealth.teachinglookingswimminglaughingdoingtodoSwimmingtoswim/toteach/tolook动名词和动词不定式都有名词特征，句法功能相似。Fillintheblankswiththeco29动词不定式的构成：(not)to+do(动词原形)动词不定式的构成：(not)to+do(动词原形)30动词不定式在句子可以做：主语（Subject）表语（Predicative）宾语（Object）宾补（Objectcomplement）定语（Attributive）状语（Adverbial）动词不定式在句子可以做：主语（Subject）31Ⅰ主语:不定式用作主语的用法Togrowtreesisveryimportant.

Itisveryimportanttogrowtrees.不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语。Ⅰ主语:不定式用作主语的用法Togrowtreesi32Sayinanotherway,using‘it’.Tolearnfromyourfriendsisimportant.Toleavewithoutsayinggoodbyeisimpolite.TochatwithMissWhiteisapleasantthing.Towalktoschooltakesmetenminutes.Itisimportanttolearnfromyourfriends.Itisimpolitetoleavewithoutsayinggoodbye.ItisapleasantthingtochatwithMissWhite.Ittakesmetenminutestowalktoschool.Sayinanotherway,using‘it’33It做主语的动词不定式句型1.It+be+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.

for:adj.多为描述不定式行为的特征（important/necessary/interesting等.）of:adj.多为描述主语的品质特征（kind/nice/friendly/wise/foolish等.）作主语Itiseasy_______hertolearnEnglishwell.Itisclever________youtosolvetheproblem.offor2、Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.

我每天花去三个小时完成家庭作业。Ittakesmethreehourstofinishthehomeworkeveryday.3、Itis+n.(forsb)todosth.ItismypleasuretohelpyouwithyourEnglish.It做主语的动词不定式句型作主语Itiseasy__34练习：对他来说，说英语很容易。对我们来说，努力学习是必要的。您能帮助我，真是太好了。

Itiseasy

forhimtospeakEnglish.Itisnecessary

forustostudyhard.

Itis

verykind

of

youtohelpme.练习：Itiseasyforhimtosp351、Itisnecessary______ustolearntowait.(of/for)2、Itwascareless______metobreakthecup.（of/for)3、Ittookthem1,000yuan_________thistable.(buy)4、Itismypleasure_________theboxforyou.(carry)tobuyforoftocarry练习1、Itisnecessary______usto365、轮到我们打扫教室了。Itisourturn_________________________6、Towastetimeistoshortenlife.（翻译成中文）tocleantheclassroom.浪费时间就是缩短生命。练习tocleantheclassroom.浪费时间就是37Ⅱ表语：不定式放在be动词后面，用作表语Mydreamis

toownarobot.Itsworkis

tocleantheroom

everyday.主语多为duty/wish/hope/idea/plan/ambition/dream/work/job等名词，主语通常不是人。动词不定式做表语的作用：说明主语内容Ⅱ表语：不定式放在be动词后面，用作表语Mydream38Completethefollowingsentences.1.Thedoctor’ssuggestionis______(take)moreexercise.2.Thebestwayis______(talk)toyourparents.3.Hisplanis______________________________(今年夏天到北京旅游).4.Mypurposeis__________________________

(帮你解决这个问题).totaketotalktotraveltoBeijingthissummertohelpyousolvethisproblemCompletethefollowingsentenc39Ⅲ宾语：不定式放在及物动词后，用作宾语Theybegan

toreadandwrite.Sheforgot

toclosethedoor.常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：

want,plan,hope,learn,decide,

wouldlike,begin,start,try,need,forget,choose,agree,promise等Ⅲ宾语：不定式放在及物动词后，用作宾语Theybe40下列动词后只能接动名词做宾语：错过,考虑,值得建议,完成,练习喜欢,想象,禁不住忍受,保持,介意Miss，consider，worthsuggest，finish，practiseenjoy，imagine，can`thelpStand，keep/keepon，mindIcan’timagine__________(marry)agirlofthatsort.Isugggest________(buy)thedictionarymarryingbuying15.Wouldyoumindmy_____(open)thedoor?下列动词后只能接动名词做宾语：Miss，consider，41Completethefollowingsentences.1.I_______________(希望收到…来信)yousoon.2.John________________(不想当)thehostofthecharityshow.3.They’re____________(试着解决)theproblembyhimself.4.Millionsofpeople_________________(已学会使用)computers.

hopetohearfromdoesn’twanttobetryingtosolvehavelearnedtouseCompletethefollowingsentenc42think/find/consider+it+adj.+todo动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（ⅰ）

不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补（形容词、名词）+不定式”结构。如：Ifoundtotalktohim

again

necessary.Ifoundit

necessary

totalktohim

again.think/find/consider+it+ad43动词不定式做宾语的句式：1）动词+todosth.A.Ihopetofinishittomorrow.B.Sheplanstogoandteachinthecountry.动词不定式做宾语的句式：A.Ihopetofini44动词不定式做宾语的句式：2、动词＋疑问词+todoIdon’tknow____________next.

Shecan’tdecide_________________.

作宾语2)她不能决定买哪本书。1)我不知道接下来该做什么。whattodowhichbooktobuy动词不定式做宾语的句式：Idon’tkn451、Don’tforget_________________.(关灯)2、Ihappened________whenhecalledme.（出去）3、Idon’twant________________.(依赖别人）4、Samislearning________________.(怎样开车）5、Wepromise__________theenvironment.(保护)toturnoffthelighttogoouttodependonothershowtodriveacar练习toprotect1、Don’tforget_______________46

usedtodo过去做某事beusedtodo被用来做某事beusedtodoing习惯做某事

47Ⅲ.动词不定式做宾语的句式：作宾补A.动词

+

宾语（sb./sth.)

+

todosth.作宾补:对宾语进行补充说明1)Theteacheraskedher

toanswerthequestion.2)Thedoctortoldme

tohaveagoodrest.常用动词有：ask,tell,allow,want等wantsbtodo wishsbtodo

getsbtodo ordersbtodo

findsbtobe likesbtodo

wouldlikesbtodo helpsbtodoⅢ.动词不定式做宾语的句式：作宾补1)Theteache48Completethefollowingsentences.1.MrLu_________________(叫我们交)ourhomeworkontime.2.Thedoctor________________________(建议格林先生喝)morewater.3.MrWu___________________________(告诉学生别嚷)inclass.4.MrsRead_____________________(希望儿子学)Englishwell.asksustohandin

advisedMrGreentodrinktellsthestudentsnottoshout

wisheshersontolearnCompletethefollowingsentenc49动词多为感官动词、使役动词。一感：feel二听：hear,listento三使：make,let,have四看：see,notice,watch,lookatJohn’smothermakeshimplaythepianoeveryday.被动：John_________playthepianoeveryday.ismadetoⅢ.动词不定式做宾语的句式：作宾补B.动词

+

宾语（sb./sth.)

+

dosth.不带to的不定式help可带to，也可不带tohelpsb(to)dosth在被动语态中则to不能省掉动词多为感官动词、使役动词。John’smotherma501、Lethim_______theworkatonce.(finish/tofinish)2、Doyoulikelisteningtootherpeople______?(talk/talking/totalk)3、Jimwasseen_________theroom.(enter/toenter)4、Pleasetellher_________hereontime.(come/tocome)finishtalktoentertocome练习1、Lethim_______theworkat515、I’llhelpyou_________thisproblem.(tosolve/solve)6、Iwishyouwillstaywithus.(改成简单句）7、Herstorymadeuslaugh.(改成被动句）(to)solveIwishyoutostaywithus.Weweremadetolaughbyherstory.5、I’llhelpyou_________this52感官动词(feel,listento,hear,see,watch,lookat,notice)后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补，也可跟v-ing作宾补.前者表示动作的全部过程已结束；后者表示动作正在进行。Ioftenhearhersinginthenextroom.Iheardhersingingjustnow.感官动词(feel,listento,he53

Ⅳ定语不定式用作定语1.不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面。Wehavealotofhomework

todo.2.如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，且动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘掉后面的介词。

Heislookingforaroom

tolivein.Thereisnothing

toworryabout.Ⅳ定语不定式用作定语Wehavealotofho54Translation.1.MrWuisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.2.Thereisnoneedtotroublehim.3.Haveyougotanythingimportanttotellme?4.I’vegotnothingtoworryabout.5.I’mthirsty.Givemesomethingtodrink.6.Springisthebestseasontoplanttrees.7.Weallhaveachancetogotocollege.Translation.551我有许多书要看。2她有几个问题要问。３.我没什么可担心的。Ihavemanybookstoread.Shehasafewquestionstoask.Ihaven