杨岂深《英国文学选读Book 1》笔记和考研真题详解

绗?绔犮€€澶嶄範绗旇绗?鍗曞厓銆€鏉板紬閲屄蜂箶鍙?/a>GeoffreyChaucer(1340-1400)锛堟澃寮楅噷路涔斿彑锛?/p>1Life锛堢敓骞筹級In1340,GeoffreyChaucerwasborninLondon,asonofawinemerchantwhohadconnectionswiththeCourt.HeisthefounderofEnglishpoetry.ChaucerwasaroyalbutlerandhadseveraloccasionstoBelgium,FranceandItaly.Thus,FrenchcultureandItalyhumanistliteraturerepresentedbyDante,PytlakandBiohadagreatinfluenceonhim.Hediedin1400andwasburiedinWestminsterAbbey,thusfoundingthe鈥淧oets鈥?Corner鈥?1340骞达紝鏉板紬閲屄蜂箶鍙熷嚭鐢熶簬浼︽暒锛屾槸涓€涓笌瀹环鏈夎仈绯荤殑閰掑晢鐨勫効瀛愩€備粬鏄嫳璇瘲姝岀殑鍒涘鑰呫€?/p>涔斿彑鏇惧厖浠荤帇瀹ょ瀹讹紝鏁板害鍑轰娇姣斿埄鏃躲€佹硶鍥藉拰鎰忓ぇ鍒┿€備箶鍙熸棭骞村彈娉曞浗鏂囧鍜屼互浣嗕竵銆佸郊鐗规媺鍏嬩笌钖勪冀涓樹负浠ｈ〃鐨勬剰澶у埄浜烘枃涓讳箟鏂囧鐨勫奖鍝嶃€?/p>涔斿彑閫濅簬1400骞达紝琚懍鍦ㄥ▉鏂晱鏂壒鏁欏爞锛屸€滆瘲浜鸿鈥濆紑濮嬪嚭鐜般€?/p>2Mainworks锛堜富瑕佷綔鍝侊級TroilusandCriseyde(1380-1385)銆婄壒缃楀嫆鏂笌鍏嬩附瑗垮痉銆?/p>TheCanterburyTales(1386-1400)銆婂潕鐗逛集闆锋晠浜嬮泦銆?/p>3Chaucer鈥?sLiteraryCareer锛堟枃瀛︾敓骞筹級Chaucer鈥檚literarycareercanbedividedintothreeperiods.ThefirstperiodconsistsofworkstranslatedfromFrench,thesecondconsistsofworksadaptedfromtheItalian,asTroilusandCriseyde.ThethirdperiodincludesTheCanterburyTales,whichispurelyEnglish.涔斿彑鐨勬枃瀛︾敓骞冲彲鍒掑垎涓轰笁涓樁娈点€傜涓€闃舵涔斿彑鐨勪綔鍝佷富瑕佹槸浠庢硶璇炕璇戣繃鏉ョ殑锛岀浜岄樁娈靛垯鏀圭紪浜庢剰澶у埄锛屽銆婄壒娲涗紛缃楁柉涓庡厠鐟炶タ杈俱€嬨€傜涓夐樁娈靛寘鎷€婂潕鐗逛集闆锋晠浜嬮泦銆嬶紝杩欐槸绾嫳璇垱浣滈樁娈点€?/p>4Selectedworks锛堥€夎浣滃搧锛?/p>鈼員heCanterburyTales锛?386-1400锛夈€婂潕鐗逛集闆锋晠浜嬮泦銆?/p>(1)Mainplot锛堝唴瀹规彁瑕侊級ThepoetandothertravelerswenttoCanterburyonapilgrimage.Theydecidedthateverypersontoldtwostoriesasentertainment.Thestory-tellerscomefromdifferentclassesandoccupations,includingknight,merchant,monkanddoctorsetc.璇椾汉涓庝竴缇や笉绾﹁€屽悓鍓嶅線鍧庣壒鎬曢浄鏈濆湥鐨勯瀹㈢粨璇嗗苟缁撲即鍚岃銆備粬浠喅瀹氭瘡浜鸿涓や釜鏁呬簨锛屼綔涓烘秷閬ｃ€傝杩拌€呬腑闂存湁姝﹀＋銆佸晢浜恒€佸儳灏笺€佸尰鐢熺瓑涓嶅悓闃跺眰鍜岃亴涓氱殑浜虹墿銆?/p>(2)SocialSignificancesofTheCanterburyTales锛堢ぞ浼氬奖鍝嶏級a.Throughthedepictionofthecharactersandstories,itshowsavividEnglishsocial-lifepictureofthe14thcentury.Italsoreflectstheriseofthebourgeoisieanditsmentalattitude.b.Takingfromthestandofrisingbourgeoisie,ChauceraffirmsmenandopposesthedogmaofasceticismpreachedbytheChurch.c.Hepraisesman鈥檚energy,intellect,quickwitandloveoflife.d.Histalesexposeandsatirizetheevilsofhistime,attackdegenerationofthenoble,thecorruptionoftheChurch.a.閫氳繃浜虹墿浠嬬粛涓庢晠浜嬬殑鍙欒堪锛屼綔鍝佺敓鍔ㄥ湴鍙嶆槧浜嗚嫳鍥藉崄鍥涗笘绾殑绀句細鐢熸椿锛屽睍绀轰簡鍙嶆槧璧勪骇闃剁骇鐨勫叴璧峰強鍏剁簿绁為潰璨岀殑鐜板疄鐢熸椿鍥炬櫙銆?/p>b.绔欏湪鍙戝睍涓殑灏忚祫浜ч樁绾х殑绔嬪満锛屼箶鍙熻偗瀹氫簡浜虹殑鍔涢噺锛屽弽瀵规暀浼氬鎵殑绂佹涓讳箟銆?/p>c.璧炴壃浜嗕汉鐨勫姏閲忥紝鏅烘収鍜屽鐢熸椿鐨勭儹鐖便€?/p>d.灞曠幇骞舵壒鍒や簡鏃朵唬鐨勭姜鎭讹紝鎵瑰垽浜嗚吹鏃忓拰鏁欎細鐨勫爼钀姐€?/p>(3)Chaucer鈥?sLanguage锛堜箶鍙熺殑璇█锛?/p>a.Chaucer鈥檚language,nowcalledMiddleEnglish,isvividandexact.Heisamasterofword-pictures.b.Chaucer鈥檚contributiontoEnglishpoetrylieschieflyinthefactthatheintroducedfromFrancetherhymedstanzaofvarioustypes,(especiallytheheroiccouplet)toEnglishpoetry.c.ChaucerdidmuchinmakingthedialectofLondonthestandardforthemodernEnglishspeech.d.Chaucerisgoodattheterzarima,whichmakeshislanguageahighstyle.a.涔斿彑鐨勮瑷€灞炰簬涓嫳璇紝闈炲父褰㈣薄鍑嗙‘銆備粬鏄敤璇█鏋勫缓鍥剧敾鐨勫ぇ甯堛€?/p>b.涔斿彑瀵硅嫳璇瘲姝岀殑璐＄尞涓昏鍦ㄤ簬浠栧皢娉曞浗鐨勯煹鑴氶噸澶嶇殑璇楄妭锛堝挨鍏舵槸鑻遍泟鍙岄煹浣擄級浠嬬粛鍒拌嫳鍥姐€?/p>c.涔斿彑鍦ㄤ娇浼︽暒鏂硅█鎴愪负鐜颁唬鑻辫鐨勬爣鍑嗕腑鍙戞尌浜嗛噸瑕佷綔鐢ㄣ€?/p>d.涔斿彑鍠勪簬浣跨敤涓夎浣擄紝杩欑璇椾綋浣夸粬鐨勮瑷€寰堥珮闆呫€?/p>

绗?鍗曞厓銆€娴佽姘戣埃

1Ballad锛堟皯璋ｏ級

(1)BalladsareoralliteratureoftheEnglishpeople.

(2)Aballadisastorytoldinsong,usuallyin4-linestanzas,withthesecondandfourthlinesrhymed.

(3)Thesubjectsofballadsarevarioussuchasthestruggleofyoungloversagainsttheirfeudal-mindedfamilies,theconflictbetweenloveandwealth,thecrueltyofjealousy,andthecriticismofthecivilwar.

(4)鈥淩obinHood鈥?isthemostimportantballadofthattime.

RobinHoodlivedinthegreenwoodtreewithhismerrymen,takingfromtherichandgivingtothepoorandfightingagainstbishops.

(1)姘戣埃鏄嫳鍥戒汉姘戝ぇ浼楃殑鍙ｅご鏂囧銆?/p>

(2)姘戣埃鏄互姝岀殑褰㈠紡璁茶堪鐨勬晠浜嬶紝閫氬父鐢?琛岀粍鎴愪竴鑺傦紝鍏朵腑绗簩鍜岀鍥涜鎶奸煹銆?/p>

(3)姘戣埃鍐呭澶氭牱锛屾湁鍏充簬骞磋交鐖变荆鍙嶅灏佸缓瀹堕暱鐨勶紝鏈夌埍鎯呭拰璐㈠瘜鍐茬獊鐨勶紝鏈夊叧浜庡珘濡掓畫蹇嶈鍔ㄧ殑锛屾湁鎵瑰垽鍥藉唴鎴樹贡鐨勩€?/p>

(4)鍏朵腑锛岀綏瀹炬眽姘戣埃鏄渶閲嶈鐨勩€傜綏瀹炬眽鍚屼粬鐨勪紮浼翠滑涓€璧烽€嶉仴鍦扮敓娲诲湪缁挎灄涓紝鍔瘜娴庤传锛屼笌鏁欎細浣滄枟浜夈€?/p>

2RobinHoodandAllin路a-Dale銆婄綏瀹炬眽鍜屽焹鏋楅樋浠ｅ皵銆?/p>

AknightgrabbedcommonwomenandRobinHoodtriedtopreventhimandsavedthewomen.

楠戝＋寮哄ず姘戝锛岀綏瀹炬眽璺亣涓嶅钩銆佹嫈鍒€鐩稿姪锛屾渶鍚庢晳鍑轰簡濡囧コ銆?/p>

3TheBabesintheWood銆婃灄涓绔ャ€?/p>

(1)Mainplot锛堝唴瀹规彁瑕侊級

Anuncleplottedtotakeheritageandkilledhisnephewandniece.Sufferingfromretribution,