【课件】Welcome+Unit+Discovering+Useful+Structures+课件-人教版（2019）必修第一册

nuclearwastewaterwastewaterrefertonormaldailynuclearpowerplantradioactivesubstancereactorcenterflushoutNuclearwastewaterreferstothewastewaterproducedduringthenormal,dailyoperationofanuclearpowerplant,suchaslargequantitiesofwaterusedtocooldownthekeypartsoftheplant.Becausethewaterdoesn’ttouchradioactivesubstancesinthenuclearreactor,itcanbeflushedoutafterstrictprocessing.人称、数的变化助动词+do情态动词+doGrugivesthemonkeyssomebananas.Themonkeyslikeeatingbananas.Themonkeysarefightingforbananas.Themonkeyshavebecomeprettypopularsincefilmwasshown.人称、数的变化人称、数的变化时态的变化时态的变化实义动词Gruistheboss.Themonkeysarecute.Shefeelssad.Itbecomescooler.Ittastesdelicious.Theleavesturnedyellowinautumn.系动词谓语动词分类1、实义动词*人称、数的变化*反应时态、语态2、系动词3、情态动词+do状态:be（am,is,are）感官:feel,taste,smell,sound,look证明:prove持续:remain,keep,stay变化:grow,go,get,become,turn好像:seem,appear4、助动词+doWill/should/could/might+dodoesn’t+do;didn’tdo“妆感正持续变好”All

of

us

laughed.Imissmygrandma.Theteacherwaskindandfriendly.Hetoldusafunnystory.Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.Hetalkedtoomuch.Ihadmyfirstmathsclassatseniorhighschool.There’salottoexploreatseniorhigh.1.主谓结构(SV):主语+谓语（不及物动词）[先感知]①Everyonelaughedsomuch!②Whileenjoyingbeingclosetonature,webegan.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)③Theboy'sdreamcametrue.[会发现]此类结构的谓语动词（短语）是_______________动词（短语）。[明规则]这种结构中的谓语动词为不及物动词（短语），故其后不能直接接宾语，也没有被动语态。主谓结构常用来表示主语的动作或状态。常见的不及物动词（短语）有：rise,matter,begin,come,go,happen,last,appear,work,cometrue,takeplace等。[对点练]（分析句子成分/判断正误）①Thewritingclass|hadjustbegun.()②Hishome|brokeoutafirelastnight.()③Afire|brokeoutinhishomelastnight.()二、基本句式结构

不及物FTT[先感知]①LastSunday,ourschool|held|across-countryrunningrace.(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)②He|said|“Goodmorning”.③Youshouldnotgiveup|studying.④He|refused|tohelpthem.⑤Tim|said|thathecouldspeakChinese.[会发现]该句型的谓语动词（短语）是一个________动词（短语）。句①②宾语是名词；句③宾语是动词-ing;句④宾语是不定式；句⑤宾语是从句。[明规则]这种结构中的谓语动词必须是及物动词或动词短语，一般有被动语态。用作宾语的有名词、代词、数词、不定式、动词-ing或从句等。2.主谓宾结构(SVO):主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语及物[点津]在“动词十介词”的动词短语中，宾语只能接在介词之后；在“动词十副词”的动词短语中，作宾语的名词放于副词前后皆可；作宾语的代词只能放在副词之前。[正]PleasewakeLiLingup(=wakeupLiLing)at6:30inthemorning.[正]Pleasewakeherupat6:30inthemorning.[误]Pleasewakeupherat6:30inthemorning.[对点练]（翻译句子）①我们学校将举办一次运动会。_____________________________________②我的爱好包括旅游和游泳。____________________________________③你知道他什么时候去的北京吗？____________________________________④父亲答应要给我一部手机。___________________________________Ourschoolwillholdasportsmeet.Myhobbiesincludetravellingandswimming.DoyouknowwhenheleftforBeijing?Fatherpromisedtogivemeacellphone.3.主系表结构(SP):主语+系动词+表语[先感知]①They|maybe|ourteachers,parentsorelders.(2020·全国卷I)②Yourstory|sounds|interesting.③Hisface|turned|red.④Thebaby|fell|asleepsoon.⑤Thegirl|remained|awakeallthenight.⑥Hisadvice|is|ofgreathelp.⑦Myfather'shope|is|thatIcangohomefrequently.[会发现]句①_______________作表语;句②③④⑤_______________作表语；句⑥_______________短语作表语；句⑦that从句作表语

名词

形容词介词[明规则]这种结构中的谓语动词为系动词，无被动语态，也无进行时态。常见的系动词有be动词，还有感官系动词(sound/look/smell/taste/feel),变化系动词(become/get/grow/turn/go/fall/run),持续系动词(remain/keep/hold/stay),表像系动词(seem/appear/look)等。表语可由名词、形容词、介词短语、分词、不定式或从句充当。[对点练]（分析句子成分并尝试翻译）①Allofthemwereamazed.翻译：______________________________________②Thesesuggestionsareofgreatimportance.翻译：_________________________________________他们所有人都很吃惊。这些建议非常重要。4.主谓宾宾结构(SVIODO):主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语[先感知]①It|gives|her|asenseofduty.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)②Thepresident|showed|meherdaughter'spictures.③Canyoulend|me|thatbook?④He|showed|me|howtorunthemachine.⑤I|told|him|thatthebuswaslate.⑥Ihopeyou|cantell|me|thetruth.=Ihopeyou|cantell|thetruth|tome.⑦Herfather|bought|heradictionary.=Herfather|bought|adictionary|forher.[会发现]句①②③是____________作直接宾语；句④是疑问词+todo作直接宾语；句⑤是that从句作直接宾语；句⑥⑦用介词可以对宾语互换。名词[明规则]这种结构中的及物动词后跟双宾语，指人的宾语称为间接宾语，指物的宾语称为直接宾语。通常间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后，也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，但间接宾语前需用介词for或to。间接宾语之前用介词to的常见动词有give,tell,teach,write,bring,lend,hand,show,offer,send,pay,order等。间接宾语之前用介词for的常见动词有buy,fetch,save,choose,sing等。[对点练]（分析句子成分/完成句子）①Youhadbetterbuyyourfriendssomesmallgifts.②Besides,nothingcouldbebetterifyoucould_______________________________(提供给我一些信息).③Irememberyou_____________________________(展示给我一些照片)onthattheme.

offermesomeinformationshowedmesomephotos5.主谓宾宾补结构(SVOC):主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语[先感知]①They|usuallykeep|thedoor|open.②Myteacher|had|me|standingallthemorning.③I|saw|them|gettingonthebus.④He|made|thegirl|cryjustnow.⑤He|asked|me|tocomebacksoon.⑥Mum|requested|me|nottomakenoise.[会发现]句①

______________作宾语补足语；

句②③

_______________作宾语补足语；句④动词原形作宾语补足语；

句⑤⑥__________________作宾语补足语。[明规则]该结构中的宾语补足语可以由名词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词或介词短语等充当。该句式常用于三类动词：①使役动词keep,make,let,have,leave,get等；②感官动词或短语see,watch,notice,observe,find,catch,lookat,listento,hear,feel,smell等；③ask,tell,order,request,permit,persuade等。形容词动词-ing不定式短语[对点练](翻译句子)①我们必须保持学校干净。_________________________________________________②他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩耍。_________________________________________________③每天早晨，我们都听到他大声朗读英语。_________________________________________________WeallhearhimreadEnglishaloudeverymorning.Wemustkeepourschoolclean.Hisfathertoldhimnottoplayinthestreet.6.主谓状结构(SVA):主语+谓语+状语[先感知]①Everything|goes|well.②He|hasbeenstanding|there.③They|talked|forhalfanhourlastnight.④Hisparents|haveworked|inthecompanyfortenyears.⑤She|wasreading|whenhermothercamein.[会发现]句①②

________________作状语；

句③④介词短语作状语；句⑤________________作状语。[明规则]该结构中的谓语动词通常为不及物动词；副词或介词短语等在句中作状语，修饰或说明谓语动词。[对点练]（分析句子成分/完成句子）①TheexhibitionwillstartonJune21andlastforaweek.②Hopefully,youcantakepart.③Ifaccepted,_______________________(我会努力工作)toofferyoubestarticles.从句

副词

Iwillworkhard7.主谓宾状结构(SVOA):主语+谓语十宾语+状语[先感知]①Theman|raised|hisarms|abovehishead.②Thegirl|enjoys|reading|inthemorning.③She|wasdoing|herhomework|whentheteachercamein.[会发现]谓语动词是_____________;句①③中宾语是______________;句②中宾语是动词-ing;句③中状语是___________。[明规则]该结构的谓语动词通常为及物动词或动词短语；副词、介词短语或从句等在句中作状语，修饰或说明谓语动词。[对点练]（分析句子成分

/翻译句子）①Onedaysomeofmystudentsweretalkingaboutwhattheywouldliketobeinthefuture.②我刚才看到她了。_______________________________③昨天，我拜访了一位朋友。______________________________________及物动词名词从句Isawherjustnow..Ivisitedoneofmyfriendsyesterday8.Therebe句型[先感知]①Thereweretwoboysandagirlunderthetreejustnow.②Theregoesthebell.Let'sgointothelecturehall.③Thereseemstobealittledogunderthedesk.④Therehappenedtobeamanwalkingby.[会发现]句①谓语动词是were;句②谓语动词是goes,后接主语；句③④谓语动词是seemstobe和happenedtobe,后接的是_______________。[明规则]Therebe句型表示“某处存在某物或某人”。基本结构是：Thereis/are/was/were...。

谓语动词有时候可用表示存在的其他动词（短语），如live,stand,lie,seem/appeartobe(好像有),happentobe(碰巧有),usedtobe(曾经有)等。[对点练]（完成句子）①____________________________________________ontheroad.

路上的汽车太多了。②____________________________________moreseriousairpollution.

空气污染将会更严重。③________________________________________alackofcommunication.

似乎是缺乏沟通。④Johnopenedthedoor.__________________________hehadneverseenbefore.约翰打开门，他从来没见过的一个女孩站在那儿。TherearetoomanycarsTherewillbeThereseemstobeTherestoodagirl融通语法——在语境运用中活用出彩[贯通语法体系]句子成分：主语S(subject)、

谓语V(verb)、

宾语O(object)、

表语P(predicative)、

宾语补足语C(objectcomplement)、定语A(attribute)、状语A(adverbial)、同位语A(appositive)基本句子结构：主谓结构(SV)、主谓宾结构(SVO)、主系表结构(SP)、主谓宾宾结构(SVIODO)、主谓宾宾补结构(SVOC)、

主谓状结构(SVA)、主谓宾状结构(SVOA)、Therebe句型[语境综合应用]用括号内的基本句型翻译句子M:Isthisapictureofallyourfamilymembers?W:Right.Itwastaken13yearsago.M:①_______________________________________________(你和你父亲很像).（主系表）W:Thanks.But②______________________________________________(他已经去世了).（主谓）M:Whatapity!Yourmothermustbeverytiredtosupportsuchabigfamily.W:Yeah,Imustowemysuccesstomymother.M:③___________________________________(你和你的祖父母住在一起)？（主谓状）W:Right.Inthiswaymymothercanlookafterthem.M:Hardtobelieve.Afteryourfatherleft?W:Yeah,④_________________________________________(我祖母有心脏病).（主谓宾）M:Yourmotherisgreat.Whatisshe?W:SheisadoctorinWashingtonHospital.M:Nowonderyouaresoexcellent.W:Sheisreallyagreatwoman.⑤__________________________________(她为这个大家庭努力工作)，（主谓状）M:Yourgrandmotherlookslikeateacher.W:Youguessedit.Shetaughtfor30yearsandsheretiredfiveyearsago.YouandyourfatheraremuchalikehehaspassedawayDoyoulivewithyourgrandparentsmygrandmotherhasheartdiseaseSheworkshardforthebigfamily

①Somepeoplethinkthatsportdoesusgoodinmanyways.Notonlydoes②sporthelppeopletostayfitandhealthy,but③thecompetitionandteamworkinsportalsogivepeoplealotofmotivationforpushingthemselveshard.Othersbelievethatsportisnottheonlywaytodothis.④Eatingwellisabigpartofahealthylife.Meanwhile,sportcanactuallybedangerous.⑤Therearemillionsofpeoplehurteachyearinplayingsport,and⑥someofthemarehurtveryseriously.①句为主谓宾(SVO)结构；that引导的从句作动词think的宾语；②句为主谓宾补(SVOC)结构；不定式短语作宾语补足语；③句为主谓+间接宾语十直接宾语(SV+IO+DO);④句为主系表(SP)结构，动词-ing短语作主语；名词短语作表语；⑤句为therebe句型，主语是millionsofpeople;⑥句为主谓状(SVA)结构；副词短语作状语。初识语法——在美文运用中体悟一、句子成分构成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。句子成分有主要成分与次要成分之分。主要成分是主语(Subject)和谓语(Predicate)，次要成分有宾语(Object)、表语(Predicative)、定语(Attribute)、状语(Adverbial)、补足语(Complement)和同位语(Appositive)。慧学语法——运用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观[先感知]①（教材P4典句）ButIwaswrong②（教材P4典句）Theclasswasdifficult...③

Swimmingismyfavorite.④

ItisimportanttolearnEnglish.⑤

Thereisabridgeovertheriver.[会发现]①_______作主语

②_________作主语

③__________作主语

④___________作主语

⑤therebe句型中_________________是主语[明规则]主语表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”，是谓语的陈述对象，是句子叙述的主体。名词（短语）、代词、数词、不定式（短语）、动词-ing(短语)和从句等皆可作主语。[对点练]（在下面的句子中标出主语）①Toreadinthesunisbadforyoureyes.②Educationisthekeytosuccess.1.主语代词名词动词-ing不定式（短语）be后的名词[先感知]①（教材P3典句）Aboymeetsagirlduringabreak.②（教材P4典句）Icouldn'tconcentrateontheexperiment.③（教材P4典句）Ididn'tfeelawkwardorfrightenedatall.[会发现]①_____________作谓语

②情态动词+_____________作谓语

③_____________+动词作谓语[明规则]谓语放在主语之后，说明主语所做的动作或所处的状态。由动词或动词短语充当。[对点练]（在下面的句子中标出谓语）①Shelikesdrawing.②Igotoschoolat8amonweekdays.2.谓语实义动词动词短语助动词3.宾语[先感知]①（教材P4典句）Ijusthadmyfirstmathsclassatseniorhighschool!②

Hechosememonitoroftheclass.[会发现]①_________________作宾语

②me是_________________；monitor是_________________[明规则]放在动词或介词后，表示行为或活动的对象、接受者或受影响者。[对点练]（在下面的白子中标出宾语）①Hewroteaplay.②Shelikestosleepintheopenair.③SheenjoyslivinginChina.名词短语间接宾语直接宾语4.表语[先感知]①I'mastudentrightnow.②Yourfatherseemedangry.③Hishobbyisplayingfootball.[会发现]①_________________作表语

②_________________作表语

③_________________作表语[明规则]表语放在系动词后，来说明主语的身份、特征和状态。[对点练]（在下面的句子中标出表语）①Iamateacher.②Youlookyoungerthanbefore.

③MyjobistoteachthemEnglish.名词形容词动词-ing[先感知]①（教材P4典句）Ireallywantedtotellhimtopleasebequiet...②Wesawherenteringtheroom.③Newtechnologiesmakelifeeasyandconvenient.[会发现]①_______________作宾语补足语

②______________作宾语补足语

③______________作宾语补足语[明规则]宾语补足语放在宾语后，补充说明宾语的动作或状态。[对点练]（在下面的向子中标出宾语补足语）①Heallowedthegirltogoout.②Isawyoustandingoutside.③Ifinditdifficulttoworkouttheproblem.5.宾语补足语不定式短语动词-ing短语形容词短语[先感知]①（教材P4典句）Heeventoldusa