新目标八年级上册Unit4

新目标八年级上册Unit6I’mgoingtostudycomputerscience.讲义词性转换1.violin小提琴violinist小提琴家2.piano钢琴pianist钢琴家科学家scientist科学家驾驶driver司机5.education教育educational有教育意义的6.send-sent-sent7.foreign外国的foreigner8.mean意味着n.meaning9.discussv.讨论n.discussion10.beginv.开始n.beginning11.hobbyn.爱好pl.hobbies12.weekadj.weekly13.personadj.personal14.ownn.owner二、短语归纳1.growup成长2.computerprogrammer计算机程序设计员3.abasketballplayer篮球运动员4.studycomputerscience学习计算机科学5.becomeawriter成为一位作家6.besureabout确信；对……有把握7.makesure确保；查明8.takeactinglessons上表演课9.takesinginglessons上音乐课10.gotoacookingschool去烹饪学校11.movetoShanghai搬家到上海12.sendthemtomagazinesandnewspapers把它们寄给杂志社和报社13.learntoplaythepiano学习弹钢琴14.makethesoccerteam组建足球队15.getlotsofexercise多锻炼16.takeguitarlessons上吉他课17.learnanotherforeignlanguage再学一门外语三、句型荟萃1.besureaboutdoingsth.d对做……有把握2.makesurethat从句确保……3.sendsthtosb.给某人递送……4.beabletodosth.能够做某事5.promisetodosth.承诺做某事四、重难点深度解析1.Iwanttobeacomputerprogrammer.我想要成为一名电脑程序设计师。①Myfatherisacomputer___________________(program)inabigcompany.2.busdriver公共汽车司机basketballplayer篮球运动员【解析】drivev驾驶→drivern司机e.g.Mr.Green____________(driver)hiscartotheofficeyesterday.【拓展】(1)动词后加erlisten→listener听众read→reader读者teach→teacher教师(2)以e结尾的加rwrite→writer作家dance→dancer舞蹈演员drive→driver驾驶员(3)在动词后加orvisit→visitor参观者invent→inventor发明者act→actor男演员①LiNaisanoutstandingtennis_________.(play)②These__________(read)areallfromXi’an,Shanxi.3.sciencen科学→scientistn科学家①Whydoyouwanttobea________(science)?②Mybrotherlikesmathverymuch.Hewantstobea___whenhegrowsup.A.pianoB.driverC.pilotD.scientist4.engineern工程师anengineer一位工程师【记】engine(发动机)→engineer①Heruncleisan______inbigfactory.A.starB.pilotC.engineerD.player5.violinn小提琴→violinistn小提琴手playtheviolin拉小提琴【拓展】-ist是名词后缀，加在某些名词或动词后面，可用来表示“从事某种职业的人6.Pianon钢琴→pianistn钢琴家playthepiano弹钢琴7.pilotn飞行员—Michaellikesflyingaroundtheword.—Ithinkbeinga(或an)___________isjustrightforhim.A.pilotB.programmerC.engineerD.artist8.I’mgoingtomovetoShanghai.我打算搬到上海去。【记】moveto+地点搬到某地①I’mgoingto__________(搬)Beijingnextmonth.9.Myparentswantmetobeadoctor,butI’mnotsureaboutthat.我父母想让我当医生，可是我没有把握。【解析1】doctorn医生seethedoctor看医生atthedoctor’s在诊所Ex.Johnwantstobea____,soheoftenhelpssickpeopleinthehospital.A.reporterB.doctorC.scientistD.cook【解析2】sureadj.确信的besureabout确信makesure确保(1)besure+about/of+名词、代词或动名词对……有把握e.g.Sheissureofsuccess.她确信会成功。(2)besuretodosth务必；确信e.g.I’msuretogowithyou.我确信和你一起去(3)besure+that从句e.g.Wearesurethatyoucanmakegreatprogressthisterm.(4)▲makesure+that从句e.g.Makesurethatyoucanfindoutthetruthsoon.确保你能很找出真相。▲makesuretodosth务必干……▲makesureofsb./sth弄清楚某人/事①Pleasecheckyourpaperto_______therearenomistakesA.thinkofB.tryoutC.findoutD.makesure②LiMingissocarefulthathealwayslooksoverhisexerciseto____therearenomistakes.A.makesureB.findoutC.thinkofD.makeout10.I’mgoingtokeeponwritingstories.我打算继续写作。【解析】begoingto+动词原形表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。一般将来时常与表示将来的时间的状语如tomorrow;nextweek,thedayaftertomorrow,in…等连用。Ex.I’mgoing_____________(give)herapresentwhenshe__________(come).【解析】keepon继续Keepondoingsth继续做某事keepsb.doingsth使某人处于某种状态keepsb/sthfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事【拓展】workon从事holdon等一下（电话用语）geton相处Ex.Althoughit’slate,hestillkeepson____hishomework.A.doesB.doingC.doD.did11.Noteveryoneknowswhattheywanttobe.不是每个人都知道他们想做什么的。【解析】⑴everyone作不定代词时视为第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。e.g.Noteveryonelikesthemovie“LostinThailand”.⑵部分否定：当not与all,every,both等连用时，表示部分否定，not可放在这些词之前，也可放在句中。e.g.Notallofthemknowtheanswer.⑶全部否定：相应的表示全部否定的词。如：none;noone;no;neithere.g.Noneofthemknowtheanswer.12.I’mgoingtowritearticlesandsendthemtomagazinesandnewspaper.我打算写文章并将文章投给杂志和报纸。【拓展】give(pass/show/sell)sb.sth=give(pass/show/sell)sthtosb.【短语】sendfor派人去请sendup发射；sendoff寄出；为……送行sendout派遣；发出Pleasesend____bestwishestoMary.A.IB.meC.myD.mine②OnJune16,2017,China_____itsShenzhouIXspaceship.A.setoutB.setoffC.sentupD.sentout13.Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?长大后你想做什么？【解析1】when“当……时”,when引导的时间状语从句，主将从现Sheisgoingtobeanastronautwhenshegrowsup.Jimisacomputerfanandhewantstobeacomputerengineerwhenhe______________(长大)。【解析2】grow→grew→grownv(1)生长，成长(2)种植①Whenhe___,he___tobeapoliceman.A.growup;wantB.growsup;wantC.growsup;wantsD.growup;wants②Thefarmerlikes_____vegetablesinhisgarden,andtheyall____well.A.growing;growupB.togrow;growupC.growing;growD.togrow;grows①MycousinwasborninHongkong,buthe_____inAmerica.A.growB.growupC.grewD.grewup②What’sshegoingtobewhenshe_____?A.growupB.growsC.growsupD.isgoingtogrowup③WhenI______,Iamgoingtobeateacher.A.amelderB.growupC.amgoingtogrowupD.grewup14.He’sgoingtotakeactinglessons他打算去上表演课【词形变换】actv表演→actorn男演员→actressn女演员【名言】Thinkcarefullybeforeyouact.三思而后行【短语】anactor一个男演员takeactinglessons上表演课【注】takesinginglessons上声乐课take…lessons=have…lessons上……课givesb.alesson给某人一个教训LiLonglovesartandwantstobean_______(act)inthefuture②—Aretheygoingtotake___________(act)lessons?—No,theyaren’t.③Ifyouaregoingtobeanactor,youhaveto________.A.takeactinglessonsB.takeactlessonsC.takeactinglessonD.takeactlesson15.Well,don’tworry.嗯，不要担心。【解析】worryv担心→worriedadj.焦急的worryabout=beworriedabout为……担心①Don’tbe_________(worry).You’llcatchupwithothers.②Don't____aboutthingssomuch.Itwillmakeyoustressedout.A.afraidB.worryC.worriedD.terrified16.Justmakesureyoutryyourbest.只要你尽力就好。【解析2】tryv试图，设法，努力【拓展】(1)tryon试穿(2)trytodosth努力做某事【侧重尽力做】(3)trydoingsth试图做某事【侧重尝试做】(4)tryone’sbesttodosth=doone’sbesttodosth尽某人最大努力做某事①Weshould__________________(尽最大努力)tobehappyinthefuture.②Weshouldtry___muchfruit.A.eatB.toeatC.eatingD.eats17.I’mgoingtopracticebasketballeveryday.我将会每天练习篮球。【解析】practicen/v锻炼；练习practicedoingsth练习做某事Exercise:I.用所给词的正确形式填空1.—IsWangHaigoing_________(be)adoctor?—Yes,heis.2.We’regoingtobecomputer________________(program).3.—Whatishegoingtobewhenhe__________(grow)up?—Idon’tknow.4.—Aretheygoingtotake____________(act)lessons?—No,theyaren’t.5.ChengHanisgoingtobe__________(a)actor.SectionB1.Manyresolutionhavetodowithself-improvement.很多计划都是关于自我提高的。【解析1】resolutionn决心，决定makearesolution下决心NewYear’sresolution新年决心YoushouldmakeaNewYear’s_________(resolute).②—What’syourNewYear’s_______?—I’mgoingtoeatmorevegetables.A.ideaB.resolutionC.jobD.subject【解析2】havetodowith关于;与……有关系havenothingtodowith与……没有关系Iheardyou____todowiththeperson.A.haveB.havenothingC.hadD.hasnothing【解析3】selfimprovement自我改进，自我提高2.Soundsinteresting.听起来很有趣【解析】soundv听起来（系动词，后跟形容词做表语）soundlike+名词/代词听起来像①Thatpieceofmusic________(sound)verybeautifulHisplan____great.A.soundB.soundslikeC.soundsD.sounding【安徽芜湖】—DoyoulikethesongYouandMe?—Ofcourse.It_____reallybeautiful.A.listensB.soundsC.thinksD.hears【拓展】soundn声音（指自然界中的一切声音）noisen噪音voicen说话声3.I’mgoingtotakeguitarlessons.我打算去上吉他课。【解析】takelessons=havelessons上课—Whatareyougoingtodonextyear?—I’mgoingto____.Ireallylovemusic.A.takeguitarlessonsB.getlotsofexerciseC.eathealthierfoodD.getgoodgrades4.Whenwemakeresolutionsatthebeginningoftheyear.当我们在年初制定计划时。atthebeginningof在……开始时frombeginningtoend从头至尾begintodo/doingsth开始做某事beginwith以……开始Weusuallymakeaplanforwork____everyterm.A.inthebeginningofB.atthebeginningofC.onthestartofD.inthestartof_____thebeginning____thisterm,hemadearesolution.A.From;onB.At;ofC.From;withD.On;of5.Wereyouabletokeepthem?你能遵守它们吗？beableto能够做某事=canLucycouldreadstorybooksattheageoffour.A.isabletoB.wasabletoC.shouldD.woulde.g.Herhusbandwasabletodriveacarlastyear.A.canB.mayC.mustD.could6.Mostofthetime,wemakepromisestootherpeople.大部分时间，我们对别人作出承诺。【解析】promisetodosth允诺做某事；答应做某事Hepromisestohelpus.makeapromise许下诺言keepone’spromise遵守承诺makepromisestosb.向某人作出承诺Ex.He_____tosavehispocketmoneyforlateruse,buthespentitonatoysoon.A.refusedB.persuadedC.promised—Iwon’thavetimetogoshoppingwithyouthisafternoon?—Butyou____meyesterday.A.orderedB.mentionedC.promisedD.knew7.…wehopethatwearegoingtoimproveourlives…我们希望我们能够改善我们的生活。【解析】improvev改进，改善=makebetter→improvementn【用法】sbimprovesth/sb.某人提高了某物或某人。improveoneself提供自己sth+improves某物提高了①Jacktriedhisbestto___________(improvement)hisEnglish.②Kelly'sfirstresolutionhastodowithherownpersonal___________(improve)③—Wewilldowhatwecan____ourselvesthisterm.—It’shightimeforyoutoworkhard.A.improveB.toimproveC.beimprovedD.beimproving8.Somepeoplewritedowntheirresolutionandplansforthecomingyear.一些人们写下他们的决心，并为来年做计划【解析】writedown写下，记录下(“v+adv”)跟代词做宾语，代词放在中间。①Therearesomeimportantwordsinthisunit.Please____.A.writedownthemB.writedownitC.writerthemdownD.writeitdown②Letme______yourphonenumberandI’llcallyouwhenI’mfree.A.cutdownB.turndownC.letdownD.writedown9.Sometimestheresolutionsmaybetoodifficulttokeep.有时候决心可能太难而不能坚持【解析】too…to…太….而不能….too+adj./adv原级+todosth=“not…enoughtodo…”“不够……可以……”=“so…that…”“如此……以至于……”Ex.Thechildistooyoung__________(go)toschool.=___________________________________.=Thechildisso_________that_________________________.谚语：It’snevertoooldtolearn活到老学到老①Theyare____tired____on.A.too;towalkB.too;walkingC.can’t;toworkD.very;towalk②–Thisboxis___heavyformetocarry.Canyouhelpme?—Certainly.A.soB.muchC.veryD.too③Lucyisn’toldenoughtocarrythebox.A.issoyoungthatshecanB.isn’tyoungenoughtoC.istooyoungtoD.issoyoungto10.Doyouagreewiththewriter?你同意作者的看法吗？agreewithsb同意某人的话agreetodosth同意做某事agreeon在……方面意见一致____thisreason.Ididn’tagree____her.A.For;withB.For;toC.About;withD.About;toIdon’tagree_____you.Ithinkshehassomethingtodo____it.A.to;aboutB.with;withC.with;toD.to;about.—Ithinkdrinkingmilkisgood___ourhealth.—Yes,Iagree_____you.A.to;toB.with;toC.at;withD.for;with11.getgoodgrades取得好成绩①Heisgoingtobeateacher,sohemust_______good______.A.bring;gradeB.take;healthyC.get;gradesD.got;decision②KimalwaysstudiesEnglishveryhard,sohealways_____intheEnglishtest.A.getsgoodgradesB.getslotsofexerciseC.wonthefirstprizeD.gotgoodgrades12.Thefirstresolutionhastodowithmyownpersonalimprovement.第一个计划是关于提升我个人的【解析1】ownadj.自己的，本人的，v拥有→ownern物主onone’sown+n独自的Idecidedtohavemyownshop.ofone’sown某人自己的Shespentplentyofmoneyofhisown.①—Isthatcar______?—Yes,it’s____car.A.yours;ownmyB.yours;myownC.your;ownmyD.your;myown②Theycanwear________clothes.A.themselvesB.theyownC.theirownD.themselvesown.【解析2】personn人→personaladj.个人的，私人的【记】Hisfatherisanimportant______andhehasa________car.Ihavesomething____________(person)todiscusswithyou.13.I’mgoingtostartwhenIfinishhighschoolandcollege.我打算完成高中和大学学业后开始。【解析】collegen大学gotothecollege去上大学14.She’sgoingtostudyeducation.她打算学习教育学。【解析】educatev教育→educationn教育→educationaladj有教育意义的getaschool/familyeducation受到学校/家庭教育aneducationalfilm一部很有教育的电影15.makeyourlifeeasier使你的生活更容易makemyfamilyhappy使我的家人高兴makesb./sth+adj.使某人/某物Ex.Mr.Brownalwaysmakeshisclass_____andkeepshisstudents_____inclass.A.alive;interestingB.lively;interestingC.alive;interestD.lively;interested—Dad,howcanIgetonwellmyclassmates?—Trytobefriendlytothem.Thatwillmakeitmuch_____.A.easilyB.moreeasilyC.easyD.easier16.I’mgoingtostudymedicineatauniversity.我打算在大学学医。【解析1】medicinen药，医学→medical.“医学的，医疗的”medicalteam医疗队takesomemedicine吃药ex.She’sgoingtostudy____becauseshewantstobeadoctor.A.medicineB.musicC.cookingD.painting17.I’mgoingtolearnanotherforeignlanguage.我打算学习另一门外语【解析】foreignadj.外国的→foreignern外国人e.g.hisforeignfriends他的外国朋友aforeignerfromEurope.来自欧洲的外国朋友①Icantalkwiththe____________(foreign).I’msureofmyself.②Therearemoreandmore______________(foreign)workinginChina.③Wow,this_____canspeakseveral____languages.A.foreign;foreignB.foreigner;foreignerC.foreigner;foreignD.foreign;foreigners18.Todiscussthedifferentkindsofresolutions.讨论不同类型的决心。discussdoingsth讨论干某事discusssb.=haveadiscussionaboutsth.Thephysicsproblemisreallyhard.Let’s____it.A.questionB.improveC.promiseD.discuss19.Toquestiontheideaofmakingresolutions质疑做决定的观点。20.Thethirdresolutionisaboutimprovingmyrelationshipswithmyfamilyandfriends.第三个决心是关于改善我与家人和朋友的关系的。relationshipwith与…..的关系relationshipbetween…and…与….的关系ex.Doyouknowtherelationship_____sleep____health?A.for;andB.between;andC.from;toD.between;to21.Togivethemeaningofresolution给出resolution的含义【解析】⑴meanv意思是；意味着Hedoesn’tmeanwhathesays.⑵meansn方式；方法Thisisameanstoanend.这是达到目的的手段⑶meaningn意义；意思What’sthemeaningoftheword?⑷meaninglessadj.毫无意义的；意思不明确的22.Somepeoplelikepaintingsaytheyaregoingtotakeupahobbylikepaintingortakingphotos.一些人可能会说他们打算开始一项爱好，比如画画、拍照或者学弹吉他。I_______thehobbyofsingingwhenIwasachild.A.builtupB.setupC.keptupD.tookup②Thelady____dancingasahobbyinhersixties,andsheisreallygoodatitnow.A.dressedupB.lookedupC.tookupD.putup①Selianhasmany_____,suchasdrawing,dancingandtakingphotos.A.hobbiesB.resolutionC.promisesD.schoolwork【山东】—What’syour______?—Ilikelisteningtomusic.A.jobB.ageC.hobbyD.fan23.Someareaboutphysicalhealth.一些是关于身体健康的。24.likemakingaweeklyplanforschoolwork.像为学校作业制定一周的计划。五、单元语法专讲一般将来时态(begoingtodo)begoingto结构的用法:用“begoingto”结构表示将来要发生的事，或打算、计划，决定要做的事情。结构：begoingto+动词原形be的单复数形式随主语的变化而变化begoingto的结构句式：1.肯定句：be(am/is/are)goingto+动词原形e.g.IamgoingtoplaygamesnextSunday.2.否定句：be(am/is/are)notgoingto+V动词原形e.g.I’mnotgoingtobeateacherinthefuture.3.疑问句：Be+主语+goingto+动词原形e.g.Areyougoingtoplaybasketballthisafternoon?4.特殊疑问句：疑问词（what/Where/How）+be+主语+goingto+动词原形e.g.WhatareyougoingtodonextSunday?begoingto与will的用法区别:1.begoingto指人的“意图，打算”，表示事先有过考虑；而will+动词原形表示“意图”时，表示事先没有经过考虑e.g.I’mgoingtodosomewashingthisevening.Therewillbeanimportantfootballmatchinourschooltomorrow.2.表示有明显的迹象“将要发生”用begoingto结构，而表示有科学依据要用wille.g.Lookattheclouds.It’sgoingtorain.Theradiosaysitwillraintomorrow.Therebe句型可与begoingto连用Thereis/aregoingtobeaclassmeetingthisafternoon.()There___atalkshowonCCTV3ateighttonight.A.willhaveB.is